高三英语语法专题复习三：特殊句式 导学案设计(无答案)

高三语法专题复习三：特殊句式（一）省略一、句子成分的省略为了句子的简洁,一部分句子成分,如主语、主谓的一部分、表语、宾语、补语等可以省略掉。

(You) come in and sit down, please.(You) wait (for me)!When (he was) rescued, he was almost dead.You would do the same (if you were in my position).I don’t go swimming now but I used to (go swimming).We are not friends any more but we _____________.I’ll come over to help, if (it is) necessary.If (it is) possible, come and see me next Friday.If only I knew his phone number.What if we can’t find the lost car?I can’t make it Friday. How about Saturday?二、词的省略1. 宾语从句中的连词that一般可以省略;and连接两个或两个以上的that引导的宾语从句,第一个that可省略。

I hope (that) you’ll be fine soon.He said that the book was very interesting and that all the children like to read it.2. 定语从句中的关系代词,如在从句中作宾语可省略。

Is this the reason (that) he explained at the meeting for his carelessness?练一练：1. If _______ in class, you will have to clean the classroom for a week as a punishment.A. to catch to sleepB. caught to sleepC. catching sleepingD. caught sleeping2. – What did you say you were reluctant to risk just now?- ___________ to high levels of radiation.A. Being exposedB. Having been exposedC. To be exposedD. Exposed3. – Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?- ________.A. I don’t believeB. I don’t believe itC. I believe not soD. I believe not4. – Who should be responsible for the accident?- The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order ________.A. as toldB. as are toldC. as tellingD. as they told5. He is only too ready to help others, seldom, _______ refusing them when they turn to him.A. if neverB. if everC. if notD. if any6. Please correct the mistakes, __________.A. if there areB. there are mistakesC. if anyD. if any mistakes7. There is little, ______, difference between the two.A. if notB. if everC. if anythingD. if any（二）倒装英语句子的自然语序是主语在前，谓语在后，但是为了强调句中的某一部分可以把原来的语序重新调整。

一、四句话看懂完全倒装1. Here comes the bus.表示时间、地点或方位的副词谓语句首时，包括there, here, then, now, next, in, out, up, down 等。

2. At the top of the hill stands a temple.表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。

3. Present at the meeting are President Xi and President Donald Trump.介词短语，形容词，过去分词，进行时态的现在分词做表语位于句首时。

4. So do I.重复前句部分内容，肯定句用so, 否定句用neither或者nor。

二、三句话看懂部分倒装1. Never in my life have I seen such a person.否定意义词放在句首，包括hardly, in no way, in no case, by no means, on no account, never, seldom以及包含否定结构的句型，包括hardly … when …, No sooner … than …, Not until …等。

注意：It was not until the teacher came that he finished his homework.2. So hard did he work that he finally succeeded.Such as fierce dog did he have that we had to wait before we could get in.Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.3. Only in this way can we succeed.only加状语至于句首才倒装，包括副词，介词短语和状语从句。

Only Jane knows this.其他部分倒装1. as或though引导的让步状语从句可以部分倒装，如：Child as he is, he knows a lot. (表语)=Though he is a child, he knows a lot.Try as he would, he might fail again. (动词)=Though he would try, he might fail again.Hard as he studies, he cannot pass the exam. (副词)=Though he studies hard, he cannot pass the exam.2.省略if的虚拟条件状语从句Were he my friend, I would expect his help.=If he were my friend, I would expect his help.Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay indoors.=If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay indoors.Had you not told me about the matter, I would never have known the whole thing.If you had not told me about the matter, I would never have known the whole thing.___________________ their help, we would be in serious trouble.___________________ their support, we couldn’t have won the election.练一练：1. On the surface of the water ______, which spoiled the beautiful scenery of the park.A. some dead leaves did floatB. some dead leaves floatedC. floated some dead leavesD. did some dead leaves float2. The delegates had just taken their seats, then ______.A. the chairman cameB. came the chairmanC. the chairman comesD. comes the chairman3. ______ are the days when teachers were looked down upon.A. To goB. GoC. GoneD. Going4. – Tom has made great progress recently.– _________, and __________.A. So he has; so have youB. So has he; so have youC. So he has; so you haveD. So has he; so you have5. Out __________, with a stick in his hand.A. did he rushB. rushed heC. he rushedD. he did rush6. Today acupuncture has become popular around the world, _____ other traditional Chinese medicines.A. so hasB. as areC. so areD. as have7. I decided to do a random act of kindness last year, and ________ that the person I would end up helping most would be myself.A. I little knewB. little did I knewC. little did I knowD. little I knew8. ______, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.A. Although much he likes herB. Much although he likes herC. As he likes her muchD. Much as he likes her9. It was announced that only after the candidates’ papers were collected ________ to leave the room.A. had they been permittedB. would they be permittedC. that they would be permittedD. that they had been permitted10. So difficult ____ it to make such great progress without the help of his deskmate that he was close to giving up.A. he have feltB. have he feltC. he did feelD. did he feel11. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, ______ a sudden loud noise.A. being thereB. should there beC. there wasD. there having been12. “It might have saved me a lot of money”, Mr. Chen sighed, “_______ timely from the stock market this July”.A. did I withdrawB. should I withdrawC. have I withdrawnD. had I withdrawn（三）主谓一致主谓一致一般要遵循三个原则，即：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和邻近原则。