2018硕士计算机专业英语试题汇总(带答案)
2018年最新统考计算机大学英语b统考英语b真题6
2018年最新统考计算机大学英语b统考英语b真题6第五部分英译汉（2018年4月统考）全真翻译版----------------以下60必须掌握，可得分值20分------------------重点必须掌握以下1-60个，分值20分30. In an age of plenty, we feel spiritual hunger. 在这个物质财富充裕的时代，我们感到精神上的饥渴。
31.A friend of mine from high school is working in England now.我高中的一个朋友目前在英格兰工作。
32.A lot of natural resources in the mountain area are to be exploited and used.那个山区有许多自然资源有待于开发利用。
33. As is known to all, China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。
34. Are you fond of music?你喜欢音乐吗？35. All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的东西，未必都是金子。
36. Life is meaningless without a purpose.没有目标的生活是毫无意义的。
37. Look out the window it's still raining today!看窗外，今天还在下雨。
38. My classmate is much cleverer than I.我的同学比我聪明多了。
39. Most students feel satisfied with the progress they’ve made.大多数学生对自己所取得的进步感到满意。
40. Our textbooks are very different from theirs.我们的教材与他们的教材很不一样。
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题参考答案
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）答案及解析参考答案：1-5：CADBD6-10：BCDBA11-15：BBACD16-20：ACBAC21-25：DCADB26-30：DABCA31-35：BCDDB36-40：BAACD41-45：EGABD46. 参考译文：在他出生之前，欧洲正在经历宗教戏剧的衰退，古典悲剧和喜剧催生了新的戏剧形式。
47. 参考译文：任何一个上过文法学校的男孩都知道戏剧是一种文学形式。
文学曾经给希腊和罗马带来荣耀，或许还可以给英格兰带来荣耀。
48.参考译文：但是，专业公司的永久剧场生意蒸蒸日上，怀揣文学野心的大学生也很快投靠到这些剧院，以写剧为生。
49. 参考译文：本土的文学戏剧就此诞生，并与大众剧院结缘，少说也引生了一些了不起的传统。
50.参考译文：要想认识当时戏剧活动的盛况，我们还需意识到大批剧本已然遗失，而且也许没有哪位知名剧作家的作品全然遗留至今。
51. 参考作文：Dear professors,I wonder if there is the possibility for you to come to my graduation at our university’s gymnasium at 7:00 pm next Saturday night.It would be my pleasure to share the important moments with you. During the experiment, it is your generous help and constant encouragement that contributes to the success of the experiment. As I have been elected as the students’ representative, I will deliver a speech at the ceremony. I do wish you to be there to witness my growth and allow me to express my sincerest gratitude to you in person.I would like you to attend, so please let me know your decision.Yours faithfully,Li Ming 52. 参考作文：As is vividly depicted in the picture, sitting in front of a computer is a university student pondering over which kind of course he should choose: the courses creative, informative and difficult to pass or the easy and less-work-amount ones.The implication underlying this picture is rather thought-provoking: his confusion in fact mirrors hundreds of thousands of students’dilemmas. Nowadays, many students in universities or colleges are not sure of what they want and where they will go in the future. As a result, they easily become anxious and helpless when choices confront them.What should we do? In my opinion, the most important thing is having a goal. It is crucial for us college students to understand what we actually want and what kind of men we want to be. And then follow your heart. If you have the ambition to be an expert in some fields, you will naturally choose the courses that are creative, informative and progressive rather than courses oriented to students who want just to dip into it for fun or credit. Otherwise, if your focus is on honing your work skills or just feeding yourselves early and supporting your family, you can just choose whichever subject you would like to successfully graduate and then hunt for jobs or establish your own career.解析：1.【答案】[C] for【解析】考察介词的用法。
浙大研究生 2017-2018学年《计算机理论》期末考试英文版及答案
浙江大学2017-2018学年秋冬学期《计算理论》课程期末考试试卷课程号：21120520开课学院：计算机学院考试试卷： A卷 B卷考试形式： 闭卷 开卷，允许带入场考试日期:2018年1月24日，考试时间：120分钟诚信考试,沉着应考,杜绝违纪考生姓名学号所属院系题序123456总分得分评卷人Zhejiang UniversityTheory of Computation,Fall-Winter2017Final Exam1.(24pts)Determine whether the following statements are true or false.Ifit is truefill a T otherwise a F in the bracket before the statement.(a)()Let A,B be two languages.If both A and A∪B are regular,then B isdefinitely regular.(b)()If A is regular and B is non-regular,then A◦B must be non-regular.(c)()Language{xcy|x,y∈{a,b}∗,|x|≤|y|≤3|x|}is context-free.(d)()Every regular language can be generated by a context-free grammar.(e)()If A is recursive and B⊆A,then B is recursive as well.(f)()Recursively enumerable languages are always infinite.(g)()There’s a functionφsuch thatφcan be computed by some Turing ma-chines,yetφis not a primitive recursive function.(h)()Let A and B be recursively enumerable languages and A∩B=∅.If A∪Bis also recursively enumerable,then both A and B is decidable.(i)()The language{“M”“w”|TM M accepts w in less than2018steps}isrecursive.(j)()The language{“M”|TM M accepts exactly2018strings}is recursively enumerable but not recursive.(k)()Let H e={“M”|TM M halts on e}.If H e≤L,then L is recursive enumerable but not recursive.(l)()A language L is recursive if and only if it is Turing-enumerable.2.(18pts)On FA and Regular LanguagesSay whether each of the following languages is regular or not regular?Prove your answers,where{a,b}+={a,b}∗◦{a,b}.(a)L1={wtw|w,t∈{a,b}+}(b)L2={wtw|w,t∈{a,b}∗}3.(20pts)On PDA and Context-Free LanguagesLet L3={ww R ca m b n|w∈{a,b}∗,m,n∈N,m=n}.(a)Construct a context-free grammar that generates the language L3.(b)Construct a pushdown automata that accepts L3.Solution:(a)(b)The PDA M=(K,Σ,Γ,∆,s,F)is defined below:(q,σ,β)(p,γ)K=Σ={a,b,c}Γ=s=F=4.(10pts)On Turing MachineDesign a single tape Turing machine M that decides the language L4L4={uvcww R|u,v,w∈{a,b}∗,|u|=2|v|}When describing the Turing machines above,you can use the elementary Turing machines described in textbook.Always assume that your Turing machine starts from the configuration◃⊔x,where x is the input string.5.(10pts)On Primitive Recursive Function→N,and k∈N,k≥2 Show the following functionφk:N×N×···×Nk{n1,n2,···,n k}φk(n1,n2,···,n k)=maxkis primitive recursive.6.(18pts)On UndecidabilityClassify whether each of the following languages are recursive,recursively enumerable but not recursive,or non-recursively enumerable.Prove your answers,but you may not simply appeal to Rice’s theorem.(a)L5={“M”|M is a TM,and L(M)is uncountable}(b)L6={“M”|TM M accepts at least two strings of different lengths}Enjoy Your Spring Festival!。
2018考研英语二真题及参考答案
2018考研英语二真题及参考答案2018 年考研英语（二）真题及参考答案SectionⅠ Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A],[B], [C] or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 .In a series of experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin school of Business tested students’ w illingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 , each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would 6an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told with pens were electrified; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified.7left alone in the room. The students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew that would 8 . Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans, much the sameas the basic drives for11 or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considereda good instinct —it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance — but sometimes such13 can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do14 things is a profound one.Unhealthycuriosity is possible to 15 , however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity,”Hsee says. In other words, don’t read online comments.1. A.ignore B.protect C.discuss D.resolve2.A.refuse B.seek C.wait D.regret3.A.rise /doc/8f4048813.htmlst C.hurt D.mislead4.A.alert B.expose C.tie D.treat5.A.trial B.message C.review D.concept6.A.remove B.deliver C.weaken D.interrupt7.A.Unless B.If C.When D.Though 8.A.changeB.continueC.disappearD.happen9.A.such as B.rather than C.regardless of D.owingto 10.A.disagree B.forgive C.discover D.forget11.A.pay B.food C.marriage D.schooling12.A.begin with B.rest on C.lead to D.learn from13.A.inquiry B.withdrawal C.persistence D.diligence14.A.self-deceptive B.self-reliant C.self-evident D.self-destructive 15.A.trace B.define C.replace D.resist16.A.conceal B.overlook C.design D.predict17.A.choose B.remember C.promiseD.pretend 18.A.relief B.outcome C.plan D.duty19.A.how B.why C.where D.whether20.A.limitations B.investments C.consequences D.strategiesSection IIReadingComprehension Part ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A],[B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but practical. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike Chain?As Koziatek know, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Workingwith your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. School in the family of vocational education “have that s tereotype...that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,” he says.On one hand,that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution.Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was.The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the new principle.We want more for our kids,and rightfully so.But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all—and the subtle devaluing of anything less—misses an important point:That’s not the only thing the American economy needs.Yes,a bachelor ’ s degree opens moredoors.Buteven now,54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs,such as construction and high-skill manufacturing.But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.In other words,at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head,frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing,one obvious solution is staring us in the face.There is a gap in working-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most aren’t equipped to do them.Koziatek’s Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.Koziatek ’ s school is a wake-up call. When education becomes one-size-fits-all,it risksoverlooking a nation’s diversity of gifts.21.A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students’ lack of.A.academic trainingB.practical abilityC.pioneering spiritD.mechanical memorization22.There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who.A.have a stereotyped mindB.have no career motivationC.arefinancially disadvantaged D.arenot academically successful23.we can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates./doc/8f4048813.htmled to have more job opportunities/doc/8f4048813.htmled to have big financial concernsC.are entitled to more educational privilegesD.are reluctant to work in manufacturing24.The headlong push into bachelors degrees for all.A.helps create a lot of middle-skill jobsB.may narrow the gap in working-class jobsC.indicates the overvaluing of higher educationD.is expected to yield a better-trained workforce25.The author’s attitude toward Koziatek’s school can be described as.A.tolerantB.cautiousC.supportiveD.disappointedText 2While fossil fuels—coal，oil，gas—still generate roughly 85 percent of the world’s energy supply, it's clearer than ever thatthe future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar.The move to renewables is picking up momentum around the world：They now account for more than half of new power sources going on line.Some growth stems from a commitment by governments and farsighted businesses to fund cleaner energy sources. But increasingly the story is about the plummetingprices of renewables，especially wind and solar.The cost of solar panels has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind turbines by close to one-third in the past eight years.In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source.In Scotland，for example，wind turbines provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of homes.While the rest of the world takes the lead，notably China and Europe，the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift.In March，for the first time，wind and solar power accounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US，reported the US Energy Information Administration.President Trump has underlined fossil fuels —especially coal —as the path to economic growth.In a recent speech in Iowa，he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source.But that message did not play well with many in Iowa，where wind turbines dot the fields and provide36 percent of the state’s electricity generation—and where tech giants like Microsoft are being attracted by the availability of clean energy to power their data centers.The question“what happens when the wind doesn’t blow or the sun doesn’t shine?”has provided a quick put-down for skeptics.But a boost in the storage capacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely.The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers ，who are placing big bets on battery-powered electric vehicles.Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads now,this massive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years.While there ’ s a long way to go ，the trend lines for renewables are spiking.The pace of change in energy sources appears to be speeding up—perhaps just in time to have a meaningful effect in slowing climate change.What Washington does—or doesn’t do—to promote alternative energy may mean less and less at a time of a global shift in thought.26.The word“plummeting”（Line 3，Para.2）is closest in meaningto. A.stabilizingB.changingC.fallingD.rising27.According to Paragraph 3，the use of renewable energy in America.A.is progressing notablyB.is as extensive as in EuropeC.faces many challengesD.hasproved to be impractical28.It can be learned that in Iowa, . A.windis a widely used energy source B.windenergy has replaced fossil fuels C.techgiants are investing in clean energyD.there is a shortage of clean energy supply29.Which ofthe following is true about clean energyaccording to Paragraphs 5&6?A.Its application has boosted battery storage.B.It is commonly used in car manufacturing.C.Itscontinuous supply is becoming a reality. D.Itssustainable exploitation will remain difficult.30.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy.A.will bring the US closer to other countriesB.will accelerate global environmental changeC.isnot really encouraged by the US governmentD.is not competitive enough with regard to its costText 3The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing — Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for$13.5bn，but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service，which doesn’t have any physical product at all. What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detailed web of it s users’friendships and social lives．Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities，but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through．Even without knowing what was in the messages，the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be．What political journalist，what party whip，would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May ’s enemies are currentlyplotting?It may be that the value of Whole Foods toAmazon is not so much the 460 shops it owns, but the records of which customers have purchased what.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power．But it is clumsy. For one thing, it is very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power．But there is a deeper conceptual problem, too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services don’t pay for them．The users of their services are not their customers．That would be the people who buy advertising from them—and Facebook and Google，the two virtual giants，dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies．The product they’re selling is data，and we，the users，convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants. Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphidsfor the honeydew they produce when they feed, so Google farms us for the data that our digital lives yield．Ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed; Gmail keeps the spammers out of our inboxes.It doesn’t feel like a human or democratic relationship，even if both sides benefit．31.According to Paragraph 1, Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its.A.digital products/doc/8f4048813.htmler informationC.physical assetsD.quality service32.Linking phone numbers to Facebook identities may.A.worsen political disputesB.mess up customer recordsC.pose a risk to Facebook usersD.mislead the European commission33.According to the author,competition law.A.should serve the new market powersB.mayworsen the economic imbalance C.should notprovide just one legal solution D.cannot keeppace with the changing market/doc/8f4048813.htmlpetition law as presently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook usersbecause. A.they are not defined as customersB.they are not financially reliableC.the services are generally digitalD.the services are paid for by advertisers35.The ants analogy is used to illustrate.A.a win-win business model between digital giantsB.atypical competition pattern among digital giantsC.the benefits provided for digital giants’customersD.the relationship between digital giants and their usersText 4To combat the trap of putting a premium on being busy,Cal Newport,author of Deep work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted world,recommends building a habit of “deep work”— the ability to focus without distraction.There are a number of approaches to mastering the art ofdeep work—be it lengthy retreats dedicated to a specific task;developing a daily ritual;or taking a “journalistic ”approach to seizing moments of deep work when you can throughout the day. Whichever approach,the key is to determine your length of focus time and stick to it.Newport also recommends “deepscheduling” to combat constant interruptions and get more done in less time. “At any given point,Ishould have deep work scheduled for roughly the next month.Once on the calendar I protect this time like Iwould a doctor ’ s appointment or important meeting”,he writes.Another approach to getting more done in less time is to rethink how you prioritize your day —in particular how we craft our to-do lists.Tim Harford, author of Messy:The Power of Disorder to Transform Our Lives,points to a study in the early 1980s that divided undergraduates into two groups:some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities;others were told to plan activities and goals in much more detail,day by day.While the researchers assumed that the well-structured daily plans would be most effective when it came to the execution of tasks,they were wrong:the detailed daily plans demotivated students.Harford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to-do list ineffective,while leaving room for improvisation in such a list can reap the best results.In order to make the most of our focus and energy. We also need to embrace downtime,or as Newport suggests,“be lazy.”“Idleness is not just a vacation,an indulgence or a vice;it is as indispensable to be brain as Vitamin D is to the body...[idleness]is, paradoxically, necessary to getting any work done, ” he argues.Srini Pillay,an assistant professor of psychiatry at HarvardMedical School,believes this counter-intuitive link between downtime and productivity may be due to the way our brains operate When our brains switch between being focused and unfocused on a task,they tend to be more efficient.“What people don’t realise is that in order to complete these tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocus circuits in their brain”. says Pillay.36.The key to mastering the art of deep work is to ________.A.keep to your focus timeB.list your immediate tasksC.make specific daily plansD.seize every minute to work37. The study in the early 1980s cited by Harford shows that ________.A.distractions may actually increase efficiencyB.daily schedules are indispensable to studyingC.students are hardly motivated by monthly goalsD.detailed plans many not be as fruitful as expected38.According to Newport, idleness is ________.A.a desirable mental state for busy peopleB.a major contributor to physical healthC.an effective way to save time and energyD.an essential factor in accomplishing any work39.Pillay believes that our brains’ shift between being focused and unfocused _______.A.can result in psychological well-beingB.canbring about greater efficiencyC.is aimed at better balance inwork D.is driven by task urgency40.This text is mainly about _______.A.ways to relieve the tension of busy lifeB.approaches to getting more done in less timeC.the key to eliminating distractionsD.the cause of the lack of focus timePart BDirections:Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)A.Just say itB.Be presentC.Pay a unique compliment/doc/8f4048813.html, places, thingsE.Find the “me too”sF.Skip the small talkG.Ask for an opinionFive ways to make conversation with anyoneConversations are links, which means when you have a conversation with a new person a link gets formed and every conversation you have after that moment will strengthen the link.You meet new people every day: the grocery worker, the cab driver, new people at work or the security guard at the door. Simply starting a conversation with them will form a link.Here are five simple ways that you can make the first move and start a conversation with strangers.41.____________Suppose you are in a room with someone you don’t know and something within you says “ I want to talk with this person”—this is something the mostly happens with all of us. You wanted to say something — the first word—but it just won ’ t come out. It feels like itis stuck somewhere, I know the feeling and here is my advice just get it out.Just think: that is the worst that could happen? They won’t talk with you? Well, they are not talking with you now!I truly believe that once you get that first word out everything else will just flow. So keep it simple: “Hi”“,Hey”or“Hello”—do the best you can to gather all of the enthusiasm and energy you can, put on a big smile and say“Hi”.42.____________It’s a problem all of us face: you have limited time with the person that you want to talk with and you want to make this talk memorable.Honestly, if we got stuck in the rut of“hi”,“hello”, “how are you?”and“what’s going on?”you will fail to give the initial jolt to the conversation that’s can make it so memorable.So don’t be afraid to ask more personal questions. Trust me, you’ll be surprised to see how much people are willing to share if you just ask.43.____________When you meet a person for the first time, make an effort to find the things which you and that person have in common so that you can build the conversation from that point. When you start conversation from there and then move outwards, you ’ ll find all of a sudden that the conversation becomes a lot easier.44.____________Imagine you are pouring your heart out to someone and they are just busy on their phone, and if you ask for theirattention you get the response “I can multitask”.So when someone tries to communicate with you, just be in that communication wholeheartedly. Make eye contact, you can feel the conversation.45.____________You all came into a conversation where you first met the person, but after some time you may have met again and have forgotten their name. Isn’t that awkward!So remember the little details of the people you met or you talked with; perhaps the places they have been to the place they want to go, the things they like, the thing the hate—whatever you talk about.When you remember such thing you can automatically become investor in their wellbeing. So the feel a responsibility to you to keep that relationship going.That ’ s it. Five amazing ways that you can make conversation with almost anyone. Every person is a really good book to read, or to have a conversation with!Section Ⅲ Translation46.Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Your translation should be written on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)A fifth garder gets a homework assignment to select his future career path from a list of occupations. He ticks “astronaut”but quickly adds “scientist”to the l ist and selects it as well. The boy is convinced that if he reads enough. He can explore as many career paths as he likes. And so he reads —everything from encyclopedias to science fiction novels. He reads so passionately that his parents have to institut e a “no reading policy”at the dinner table.That boy was Bill Gates,and he hasn’t stopped reading yet—not even after becoming one of the most science fiction and reference books; recently, he revealed that he reads at least so nonfiction books a year. Gates chooses nonfiction title because they explain how the world works. “Each book opens up new avenues of knowledge,”Gates says.Section ⅣWritingPart A47.Directions:Suppose you have to cancel your travel plan and will not be able to visit Professor Smith. Write him an email to1）apologize and explain the situation, and2）suggest a future meeting.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name. Use“Li Ming” instead.Do not write your address.（10 points）Part B48.Directions：Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing you should 1）interpret the chart and2）give your commentsYou should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.（15 points）2018 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案详解注意：英语试卷为花卷，以答案内容进行核对1、【答案】【B】 resolve【解析】此处考察词义辨析。
计算机专业英语试题含答案
1 6.计算机专业英语试题 2I . Vocabulary （词汇）（30 分）（一） .Tran slate the follow ing words and expressio ns into Chi nese （写出下列词组的 汉语。
）（共 10 分，每题 1 分）1. operati ng system _______________________________2. white box testi ng _______________________________3. hard disk ________________________________4. man ageme nt in formatio n system ______________________________5. electr onic commerce _______________________________6. relati onal database ________________________________7. software engin eeri ng ______________________________8. .software maintenance _________________________________9. menu bar10. network security（二） .Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations. （根据汉语写出相应的 英语缩写。
）（共 10分，每题1分）2. _ 广域网4 .文件传送［输］协6 .面向对象编程8 .结构化查询语言10 .开放系统互（三） Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right 1. applicati on software a. 音频2. mach ine Ian guage b. 应用软件3. structured program ming c. 机器语言4. functional test ing d. 软件测试5. memory e. 结构化程序设计6. relati onal database f. 内存7. firewall g. 功能测试8. software test ing h. 关系数据库9. hacker i. 黑客10. audio j. 防火墙column.（将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试计算机科学与技术学科联考计算机学科专业基础综合试题及答案
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试计算机科学与技术学科联考计算机学科专业基础综合试题及答案2018 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试计算机科学与技术学科联考计算机学科专业基础综合试题一、单项选择题：第1～40 小题，每小题2 分，共80 分。
下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项最符合试题要求。
1.若栈S1 中保存整数，栈S2 中保存运算符，函数F()依次执行下述各步操作：（1）从S1 中依次弹出两个操作数 a 和b；（2）从S2 中弹出一个运算符op；（3）执行相应的运算 b op a；（4）将运算结果压人S1 中。
假定S1中的操作数依次是5,8,3,2（2在栈顶），S2中的运算符依次是*,-,+（+在栈顶）。
调用3 次F()后，S1 栈顶保存的值是。
A. -15B. 15C. -20D. 202.现有队列Q与栈S，初始时Q中的元素依次是1,2,3,4,5,6（1在队头），S为空。
若仅允许下列3 种操作：①出队并输出出队元素；②出队并将出队元素人栈；③出栈并输出出栈元素，则不能得到的输出序列是。
A. 1, 2, 5, 6, 4, 3B. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1C. 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 2D. 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 13.设有一个12×12 的对称矩阵M，将其上三角部分的元素m i, j （1≤i≤j≤12）按行优先存人C 语言的一维数组N 中，元素m6, 6 在N 中的下标是。
A. 50B. 51C. 55D. 664.设一棵非空完全二叉树T 的所有叶结点均位于同一层，且每个非叶结点都有 2 个子结点。
若T 有k 个叶结点，则T 的结点总数是。
A. 2k-1B. 2kC. k2D. 2k-15.已知字符集{a, b, c, d, e, f}，若各字符出现的次数分别为6, 3, 8, 2, 10, 4，则对应字符集中各字符的哈夫曼编码可能是。
A. 00, 1011, 01, 1010, 11, 100B. 00, 100, 110, 000, 0010, 01C. 10, 1011, 11, 0011, 00, 010D. 0011, 10, 11, 0010, 01, 0006.已知二叉排序树如下图所示，元素之间应满足的大小关系是。
计算机专业英语复习题含答案详细解释.doc
计算机专业英语复习题注:本答案解释及翻译属本人分析,如有错误,敬请谅解!I.Choose the best answer/.选择最佳答案。
1. When you run your computer, A will be firststarted.A. Operation systemB. systemsoftwareC. office softwareD. driven software译:当你运行你的电脑时,XX是首先被启动。
3是操作系统,B是系统软件，C是办公软件，D是驱动软件（指第三方驱动软件）;因为操作系统包括开机自检的驱动软件,而不是第三方驱动。
所以选A2.Post is the short form for AA. power on self-testB. post office system testC. power on system-testD. personal operating system text 译:post 的缩写。
The short from for某某的缩写形式。
A是开机自检B是办公系统测试C 是开机系统自检D是个人操作系统文本。
约定俗成的简写形式是A。
3.One of the benefits of video conferencing is low costs.A.specially equipped conference roomsB. saving travel timeC. low costsD.linking of local sites 译:视频协商（视频会议）的好处之一是__。
Benefit 好处,益处conference协商,讨论,商谈A是特别的协商会议室B是减少旅游时间C是低花费D是连接本地地址4.The menu bar of word 2003 has C menus orders.A. sevenB. eightC. nineD. ten Word 2003的菜单栏中有9个菜单命令。
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题(总分90, 做题时间180分钟)Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)why do people read negative **ments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty,according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people wiill 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 .In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist?Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told which pens wereelectrified;another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 .Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of theUniversity of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can backfire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 ,however. In a final experiment,participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity."Hsee says.In other words,don't read **ments.SSS_SINGLE_SELAresolveBprotectCdiscussDignore该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:A句首作者提出疑问，“为什么人们会读互联网的负面评论和明显很让人伤心的其它事情呢？”随后作者给出答案，“因为人们都有___不确定性的内在需求”。
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2018 春专业英语试题 A3．把下列句子翻译成中文（每小题2 分，共20分）。
（1）C is one of the most popular computer language in the world.（2）Every browser has the built-in ability to understand HTML.（3）A database management system allows control of security and data integrity requirements.（4）Machine language consists of the raw numbers that can be directly understood by a particular processor.（5）Star topologies are normally implemented using twisted pair cable, specially unshielded twisted pair(UTP).（6）A multi-user operating system allows different users to take advantage of the computer's resources simultaneously.（7）Most general purpose computers are desktop systems.（8）the BIOS checks to see if this is a cold boot or a reboot.（9）The hypertext markup language is the language most frequently used to express Web Pages.（10）Deselect the text by clicking anywhere outside of the selection onthe page or pressing an arrow key on the keyboard.4．将下列词填入适当的位置（每词只用一次）（每空1分，共10分）though real capabilities object-oriented newinstance object operations model classA class is simply arepresentation of a type of . It is the blueprint/plan/template that de scribes thedetails of an object. A class is the blueprint from which the individual o bjects are created. Class is composed ofthree things: a name, attributes, and .In world, you’ll often find manyindividual objects all of the same kind. As an example, theremay be thousands of other bicycles inexistence, all of the same make and . Each bicycle has builtfrom the same blueprint.In terms, we say that the bicycle is an of the class of objects known as bicycles.In the software world, you may not have realized it, you have alread y used . Forexample, the TextBox control, you always use, is made out of the TextBox c lass, which defines itsappearance and . Each time you drag a TextBox control, you are actu ally creating a instance of the TextBox class.2018 春专业英语试题答案 A3．把下列句子翻译成中文（每小题2 分，共20分）。
（1）C语言是世界上最流行的语言之一。
（2）每一个浏览器都有置的功能来理解HTML。
（3）数据库管理系统允许用户对安全性和数据完整性进行控制。
（4）机器语言由一些能被特定处理器所理解的未经加工的数字组成。
（5）星型拓扑结构通常由双绞线实现，特别是非屏蔽双绞线。
（6）多用户操作系统，允许不同的用户同时利用计算机资源。
（7）大部通用计算机是桌面系统。
（8）BIOS检查看是冷启动还是重新启动。
（9）超文本标记语言是表示网页的最常用的语言。
（10）可以通过点击选定文本之外的任何位置或按任一方向键来取消选定。
4．将下列词填入适当的位置（每词只用一次）（每空1分，共10分）（1）object （2）operations （3）real （4）model （5）object-oriented （6）instance （7）though （8）classes （9）capabilities （10）new2018 春专业英语试题 B3．把下列句子翻译成中文（每小题2 分，共20分）。
（1）Most general purpose computers are desktop systems.（2）C is one of the most popular computer language in the world.（3）A database management system allows control of security and data integ rity requirements.（4）the BIOS checks to see if this is a cold boot or a reboot.（5）Machine language consists of the raw numbers that can be directly understood by a particular processor.（6）Every browser has the built-in ability to understand HTML.（7）Star topologies are normally implemented using twisted pair cable, specially unshielded twisted pair(UTP).（8）A multi-user operating system allows different users to take advantage of the computer's resources simultaneously.（9）Deselect the text by clicking anywhere outside of the selection onthe page or pressing an arrow key on the keyboard.（10）The hypertext markup language is the language most frequently used to express Web Pages.4．将下列词填入适当的位置（每词只用一次）（每空1分，共10分）though real capabilities object-oriented newinstance object operations model classA class is simply arepresentation of a type of . It is the blueprint/plan/template that de scribes thedetails of an object. A class is the blueprint from which the individual o bjects are created. Class is composed ofthree things: a name, attributes, and .In world, you’ll often find manyindividual objects all of the same kind. As an example, theremay be thousands of other bicycles inexistence, all of the same make and . Each bicycle has builtfrom the same blueprint.In terms, we say that the bicycle is an of the class of objects known as bicycles.In the software world, you may not have realized it, you have alread y used . Forexample, the TextBox control, you always use, is made out of the TextBox c lass, which defines itsappearance and . Each time you drag a TextBox control, you are actu ally creating a instance of the TextBox class.2018 春专业英语试题答案 B3．把下列句子翻译成中文（每小题2 分，共20分）。
（1）大部通用计算机是桌面系统。
（2）C语言是世界上最流行的语言之一。
（3）数据库管理系统允许用户对安全性和数据完整性进行控制。
（4）BIOS检查看是冷启动还是重新启动。
（5）机器语言由一些能被特定处理器所理解的未经加工的数字组成。
（6）每一个浏览器都有置的功能来理解HTML。
（7）星型拓扑结构通常由双绞线实现，特别是非屏蔽双绞线。