定语从句3

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定语从句(3)从句的本质

定语从句(3)从句的本质

定语从句(3)从句的本质从句的本质是:句子作成分/词类在简单句中,成分都是由单词或短语充当的:I know you.主语是I ;谓语是know ;宾语是youI enjoy reading novels.主语是I ;谓语是know ;宾语是reading novels(动宾短语)I know he is ill.主语是I ;谓语是know ;宾语是he is ill(句子)我们可以看出:最后的句子He is ill 是作了句子成分的,作宾语,因此可以叫它为“宾语从句”从另一个角度来说:这个句子相当于一个名词,因此可以叫做“名词性从句”That she finished reading an English novel surprised us all.上面的句子当中,句子She finished reading an English novel作了主语,因此叫“主语从句”,也相当于名词,还可以叫做“名词性从句”She finished reading an Englishnovel yesterday. She finished reading an Englishnovel at the age of 12.She finished reading an Englishnovel when she was 12.从上面的变化情况我们可以看出,从单词作成分,短语作成分到句子作成分,作的都是状语,因此从句叫“状语从句”,或叫“副词性从句”。

The little girl finished reading an English novel. The girl in school uniform finished reading an English novel.The girl who is 12 finished reading an English novel.从上面的变化情况我们可以看出,从单词作成分,短语作成分到句子作成分,作的都是定语,因此从句叫“定语从句”,或叫“形容词性从句”。

定语从句3

定语从句3
B. The gas _w_i_th_o_u__t which we can not live is called oxygen. (We can not live without the gas.)
Fill in the blanks using “prep+whom/which”. 1. The book _o_f/_a_b_o_u_t_w__h_ic_h_ I heard
B. This is the tree _u_n_d_e_r_ which we used to play games.
3. Find out the meaning of the clause.
A. The pen _w_i_th_ which he is writing now was bought yesterday. (He is writing with the pen.)
in the rush hour.
A. which
B. in which
C. for which
D. of which
5. His glasses, _____ he could see nothing,
was taken away by a naughty boy.
A. which
B. without which
6. The gun _w_i_th__w__h_ic_h_ he was shot was never found.
Review
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句, 关 系代词只能用which和whom, 且不能省 略。介词主要根据三个方面来选择: 一 是先行词与介词的搭配; 二是定语从句 中谓语动词或形容词与介词的搭配; 三 是根据 “介词+关系代词” 在从句中的 作用及意义。

高一英语定语从句3

高一英语定语从句3

三、as 引导的定语从句
1.as 引导限制性定语从句,主要用于 the same…as, such…as, as…as 结构中。 一般代表主句中的人和物, 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
He has as many English books as I have. Don’t trust such men as praise you to your face.
二、关系副词功能表
关系副词 被代替的先行 词
表时间的名词
在从句中的作 用
时间状语
when(at , in , on,during, which) where(in, on, at which) why(for which)
表地点场合等 名词 reason
地点状语
原因状语
关系副词引导的定语从句
1.This
※名词way 后可以跟in which/that/how引导的 从句,当the way in which/that 作一个整体时, 说明动词是方式状语从句,如果the way 在句中起名词作用, 后面由in which/that 引导的从句则是定语从句. Please write the way (that) I do. =Please write in the way (that) I do. This is the way (that/which) he told me.
is the room where (in which) I lived three years ago. 2.I still remember the day when (on which) I joined the Party. 3.The reason why (for which) missed the bus was that he got up late.

定语从句(3)

定语从句(3)

第二部分 专题九
第2页
高考一轮总复习 ·英语
学习目标
理解定语从句,先行词,关系词

1 学会选择关系词

学习重点

3
掌握如何正确选择关系词


2 学习难点

判断关系词在从句中做什么成分
介词+关系代词的用法
第二部分 专题九
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高考一轮总复习 ·英语
展示任务
1. 定语从句的相关概念(定语从句 先行词 关系词 )

1 2. 什么情况下只能用关系词that? 什么情况下只能用which?

3. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,怎么选择介词和 第
关系代词
3 步
第 4. Which 和 as 引导定语从句的区别
2
步 5. 以 way 和 time 为先行词的定语从句。
6. 高考应用与策略
7. 高考演练
8. 课堂小结
第二部分 专题九
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高考一轮总复习 ·英语

1 步
考点三 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1.若介词放在关系代词之前,关系代词指人时常用 whom,第
3
指物时常用 which。另外,whose 也可以放在介词后,即“介 步
第 2
词+whose+名词”结构。

第二部分 专题九
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高考一轮总复习 ·英语

第 2
2.当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时,即使先行词是表示时

间、地点和原因的词仍用 which/that 引导定语从句。
第二部分 专题九
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高考一轮总复习 ·英语

定语从句的三要素口诀

定语从句的三要素口诀

定语从句的三要素口诀定语从句,哎呀,听起来有点复杂,其实它并不难掌握哦。

只要你记住三个要素,就能轻松搞定。

那这三个要素是什么呢?快跟我一起来看看吧!1. 定语从句的基本概念1.1 定义定语从句就是用来修饰名词的从句,简单来说,就是给名词“加点料”。

就像你做菜时加点调料一样,它让句子更加丰富、具体。

比如,“The book that I bought yesterday is interesting.” 这句中的“that I bought yesterday”就是定语从句,它给“book”加了个特别的描述。

1.2 功能定语从句的主要功能就是对名词进行详细说明。

就像你介绍朋友时,不仅说他们的名字,还会提到他们的特点一样。

通过定语从句,你可以让听者对名词有更清楚的了解。

2. 定语从句的三要素要搞定定语从句,你得抓住三个关键点。

听好了,这可是核心要素哦!2.1 关系词关系词就是把定语从句和主句连接起来的“桥梁”。

常见的关系词有“who”、“which”、“that”等。

比如,“The girl who is singing is my sister.” 这里的“who”就是关系词,它把“is singing”这个信息传递给“girl”。

2.2 先行词先行词是定语从句修饰的对象,简单来说,就是“定语从句要给谁加料”。

比如在句子“The car that I want to buy is too expensive.”中,“car”就是先行词。

你可以理解为,定语从句是为了给先行词提供更多信息。

2.3 定语从句的内容内容部分就是定语从句的核心,包含了关于先行词的具体信息。

这部分描述了先行词的特征或动作,比如“who is singing”就是对“girl”的详细描述。

这是定语从句的“主菜”,要把重点放在这部分哦!3. 例子分析好了,现在我们来看看一些例子,把理论变成实际操作,确保你能掌握得更牢靠!3.1 短句子练习1. “I have a friend who lives in New York.”关系词:who先行词:friend内容:lives in New York。

定语从句三要素

定语从句三要素

定语从句三要素1.先行词;2.引导词;3.引导词再从句中的成分。

定语从句(也称关系从句、形容词性从句),是指一类由关系词引导的从句,因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语,所以曾被称为定语从句,这类从句除了可以做定语之外,还可以充当状语等其它成分。

1.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。

He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us.(which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词:引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词(替代作用)②连接主句和定语从句(连接作用)③在定语从句中作句子成分(成分作用)(2)关系词的分类①标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词:在从句中做主,宾,表,定(that/which/who/whom/whose/as)③关系副词:在从句中作状语(When/where/why)3.定语从句:用来做定语,修饰限定先行词的句子1.限制性定语从句:对先行词起限定修饰作用。

He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句:对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较:He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons)。

定语从句 3

定语从句 3

He lives in a house whose windows open to the
south. 他住在一所窗户朝南的房子里。
指物
把两句话合成一句话
That is the new machine. The parts of it are too small to see.
That’s the machine whose parts are too small to see. whose 指人的或物的,在从句中作定语。
THANK.
翻译下面句子并找出先行词与定语从句。
1. This is the woman whose name is known all over the country.
(这个是一个名字被整个国家所熟知的女科学家.)
2. He lives in a room whose window faces north.
Laoshe.
简借了老舍写的那本书。
主语
找一找下列句子中的关系词、识别其在定语从句中所作成分。
⑤ We weren’t playing on the court which was next to our
buliding. 我们没有在紧挨着我们住所的球场上打球。 主语 ⑥ Tyrone Bogues, a guy who played for the Charlotte Hornets.
定语
包是新的那个女孩叫安。
三、练习题:
1、翻译下面句子并找出先行 词与定语从句
1. shelter 避难所 2. survivor 幸存者 3. destroy 破坏; 4. canal 运河 5. dialect 方言 6. crack 裂缝 7. kilometre 千米

定语从句语法解析(三)

定语从句语法解析(三)

定语从句语法解析(三)五、紧缩的定语从句1. 关于“介词+关系代词+不定式”该结构主要用于正式文体中,相当于一个被紧缩的定语从句:She must have time in which to grow calm. 她必须有冷静下来时的时间。

Allow me one minute in which to change my clothes. 给我一点时间换衣服。

He was miserable unless he had neighbors with whom to quarrel. 他要是没有邻居吵架就难受。

注意,该结构中的介词不能没有,也不能位于不定式后面:在那儿孩子们有个玩耍的花园。

正:There the children had a garden in which to play. (很正式)正:There the children had a garden in which they could play. (较正式)正:There the children had a garden to play in. (较口语化)误:There the children had a garden which to play in.2. 将定语从句转化为分词短语有时为了简洁起见可将定语从句转化为分词短语作定语:Who’s the girl who is sitting beside Jim? / Who’s the girl sitting beside Jim? 坐在吉姆旁边的女孩是谁?Most of the people who were invited to the party were teachers. / Most of the people invited to the party were teachers. 应邀参加晚会大多数是教师。

Anyone who touches that wire will get a shock. / Anyone touching that wire will get ashock.任何人触到那根电线都会遭到电击。

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1. 关系代词与关系副词的使用归纳
2.限制性定于从句与非限制性定语从句
(非限制性,for which不能换为why,which代指前面“I lost my money that day.”这句话) 4.He met with a pretty girl in the park, whom he fell in love with at first sight.
(非限制性,whom不能换为who)
注:当先行词是专有名词或由物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。

Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。

3. 关系代词as的用法
用适当的关系词填空:(as /that /where /which)
①This is such a heavy bag I can't carry.
This is such a heavy bag I can't carry it .
②This is the same place I visited three years ago.
This is the same place I worked three years ago.
③He failed in the exam,made his father very angry.
He failed in the exam,I had expected.
④A lot of language learning, has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.
4.定语从句中含有插入语
定语从句和先行词之间常常会有I think,you know,I believe,I thought 等插入语。

做此类题目时,我们要先去除插入语,再选择正确的关系词。

完成下列句子:
①This is the school you know I once studied.
②I picked up a man I thought was honest.
③He made a discovery, (我认为) is very important.(是不是非限制性定语从句?指人指物?)。

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