定语从句 (3)
定语从句(3)从句的本质
定语从句（3）从句的本质从句的本质是：句子作成分/词类在简单句中，成分都是由单词或短语充当的：I know you.主语是I ；谓语是know ；宾语是youI enjoy reading novels.主语是I ；谓语是know ；宾语是reading novels（动宾短语）I know he is ill.主语是I ；谓语是know ；宾语是he is ill（句子）我们可以看出：最后的句子He is ill 是作了句子成分的，作宾语，因此可以叫它为“宾语从句”从另一个角度来说：这个句子相当于一个名词，因此可以叫做“名词性从句”That she finished reading an English novel surprised us all.上面的句子当中，句子She finished reading an English novel作了主语，因此叫“主语从句”，也相当于名词，还可以叫做“名词性从句”She finished reading an Englishnovel yesterday. She finished reading an Englishnovel at the age of 12.She finished reading an Englishnovel when she was 12.从上面的变化情况我们可以看出，从单词作成分，短语作成分到句子作成分，作的都是状语，因此从句叫“状语从句”，或叫“副词性从句”。
The little girl finished reading an English novel. The girl in school uniform finished reading an English novel.The girl who is 12 finished reading an English novel.从上面的变化情况我们可以看出，从单词作成分，短语作成分到句子作成分，作的都是定语，因此从句叫“定语从句”，或叫“形容词性从句”。
Unit 6定语从句练习3
定语从句(The Attributive Clause)（三）一、相同先行词使用不同的关系词：我们前面讲过：1)当先行词是表示时间的名词时，用关系副词when;例如：I will remember the day when I joined the Party.2)当先行词是表示地点的名词时，用关系副词where;例如：This is the house where I was born.3)当先行词是表示原因的名词时，用关系副词why;例如: This is the reason why he was late.而事实上并非如此。
我们看下面的一组句子：1. I will remember the day______ I joined the Party.I will remember the day______ we spent together.在第1组句子中，我们得到答案：a) I will remember the day _when__ I joined the Party.b) I will remember the day that/which_ we spent together.有的同学可能要问同样是表示时间的先行词the day，为什么第一句用关系副词when，而第二句关系代词that/which呢？我们可以把a)句I will remember the day ______I joined the Party.拆开就得到两个句子:①I will remember the day.②I joined the Party on the day.在这两个句子中先行词是物the day，所以我们用关系代词that/which，根据句意可知第一句为主句，所以我们得到: I will remember the day that/which I joined the Party on.把介词on提前，即得：I will remember the day on which I joined the Party而on which=when,亦即：I will remember the day when I joined the Party.所以第a)句填when.我们可以把b)句I will remember the day______ we spent together..拆开就得到两个句子:①I will remember the day.②we spent the day together.在这两个句子中先行词是物the day，所以我们用关系代词that/which，根据句意可知第一句为主句，所以得到:I will remember the day that/which we spent together.所以第b)句填that/which.我们再看一组句子：a)This is the house _______I was born.b) This is the house ________I was born in.我们可以把a)句This is the house _______I was born拆开就得到两个句子:①This is the house.②I was born in the house.在这两个句子中先行词是物the house，所以我们用关系代词that/which，根据句意可知第一句为主句，所以我们得到:This is the house that/which I was born in.把介词in提前，即得：This is the house in which I was born.而in which=where,亦即：This is the house where I was born..所以第a)句填where.我们可以把b)句This is the house _______I was born in.拆开就得到两个句子:①This is the house.②I was born in the house.在这两个句子中先行词是物the house，所以我们用关系代词that/which，根据句意可知第一句为主句，所以我们得到:This is the house that/which I was born in.所以第b)句填that/which.我们看第三组句子：a)This is the reason ________he was late.b) This is the reason ________he gave.我们可以把a)句This is the reason ________he was late.拆开就得到两个句子:①This is the reason.②He was late for the reason.在这两个句子中先行词是物the reason，所以我们用关系代词that/which，根据句意可知第一句为主句，所以我们得到:This is the reason that/which he was late for.把介词for提前，即得：This is the reason for which he was late.而for which=why,亦即：This is the reason why he was late..所以第a)句填why.我们可以把b)句This is the reason ________he gave.拆开就得到两个句子:①This is the reason.②He gave the reason.在这两个句子中先行词是物the reason，所以我们用关系代词that/which，根据句意可知第一句为主句，所以得到: This is the reason that/which he gave.所以b)句填that/which.从以上三组例子，我们可以看出，当先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的名词时并不一定用关系副词when, where, why;而可以用关系代词that/which。
定语从句(3)
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高考一轮总复习 ·英语
学习目标
理解定语从句，先行词，关系词
第
1 学会选择关系词
步
学习重点
第
3
掌握如何正确选择关系词
步
第
2 学习难点
步
判断关系词在从句中做什么成分
介词+关系代词的用法
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高考一轮总复习 ·英语
展示任务
1. 定语从句的相关概念（定语从句 先行词 关系词 ）
第
1 2. 什么情况下只能用关系词that? 什么情况下只能用which？
步
3. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，怎么选择介词和 第
关系代词
3 步
第 4. Which 和 as 引导定语从句的区别
2
步 5. 以 way 和 time 为先行词的定语从句。
6. 高考应用与策略
7. 高考演练
8. 课堂小结
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高考一轮总复习 ·英语
第
1 步
考点三 “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用 whom，第
3
指物时常用 which。另外，whose 也可以放在介词后，即“介 步
第 2
词＋whose＋名词”结构。
步
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步
第 2
2．当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，即使先行词是表示时
步
间、地点和原因的词仍用 which/that 引导定语从句。
第二部分 专题九
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高考一轮总复习 ·英语
定语从句 3
He lives in a house whose windows open to the
south. 他住在一所窗户朝南的房子里。
指物
把两句话合成一句话
That is the new machine. The parts of it are too small to see.
That’s the machine whose parts are too small to see. whose 指人的或物的，在从句中作定语。
THANK.
翻译下面句子并找出先行词与定语从句。
1. This is the woman whose name is known all over the country.
(这个是一个名字被整个国家所熟知的女科学家.）
2. He lives in a room whose window faces north.
Laoshe.
简借了老舍写的那本书。
主语
找一找下列句子中的关系词、识别其在定语从句中所作成分。
⑤ We weren’t playing on the court which was next to our
buliding. 我们没有在紧挨着我们住所的球场上打球。 主语 ⑥ Tyrone Bogues, a guy who played for the Charlotte Hornets.
定语
包是新的那个女孩叫安。
三、练习题：
1、翻译下面句子并找出先行 词与定语从句
1. shelter 避难所 2. survivor 幸存者 3. destroy 破坏； 4. canal 运河 5. dialect 方言 6. crack 裂缝 7. kilometre 千米
人教版高一英语必修二语法unit1-定语从句-(3)限制性非限制性定从
A. whom
B. who C. / D. he
• 13. The boy ___D__ has two lovely dogs.
A. who live next door B. which lives next door
C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door
This is the same instrument that I used yesterday.
是我昨天用过的那一个--同一个
This is the same instrument as I used yesterday.
跟我昨天用过的那台一样--长得像
表示说话人的看法、态度、解释或评论。此时as可以翻译为 “正如；就像”等。由as引导的从句可在句首，句中或句尾。
He is so honest a boy as everyone likes.
He is not the same man as he was.
so/such...as...与 so/such...that...
在限制性定语从句中，当先行词被so\such修饰时，关系词用as, 在从句中充当成分。 但so/such...that引导结果状语从句，连接 词在句中不充当成分，没意义。
as often happens
正如经常发生的那样
as can be seen/ judged from... 从...中可以看出、判断出
as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别：
1) 含义的区别 as 有“正如，就像”之意，表示依据、看法、态度等； which 多译为 “这；这一点”，表示事实、转折、起因、让步等。
A. /, to B. that, / C. where, to D. which, there
定语从句语法解析(三)
定语从句语法解析（三）五、紧缩的定语从句1. 关于“介词+关系代词+不定式”该结构主要用于正式文体中，相当于一个被紧缩的定语从句：She must have time in which to grow calm. 她必须有冷静下来时的时间。
Allow me one minute in which to change my clothes. 给我一点时间换衣服。
He was miserable unless he had neighbors with whom to quarrel. 他要是没有邻居吵架就难受。
注意，该结构中的介词不能没有，也不能位于不定式后面：在那儿孩子们有个玩耍的花园。
正：There the children had a garden in which to play. (很正式)正：There the children had a garden in which they could play. (较正式)正：There the children had a garden to play in. (较口语化)误：There the children had a garden which to play in.2. 将定语从句转化为分词短语有时为了简洁起见可将定语从句转化为分词短语作定语：Who’s the girl who is sitting beside Jim? / Who’s the girl sitting beside Jim? 坐在吉姆旁边的女孩是谁？Most of the people who were invited to the party were teachers. / Most of the people invited to the party were teachers. 应邀参加晚会大多数是教师。
Anyone who touches that wire will get a shock. / Anyone touching that wire will get ashock.任何人触到那根电线都会遭到电击。
定语从句练习 (3)
语从句( ) 1.（2009•甘肃兰州）I like the teacher__________ classes are very interesting and creative.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. whose【答案】D( ) 2.（2009•山东淄博）I don’t know the teacher is talking with Miss Wang.A. whatB. whom C, which D. who【答案】D( ) 3.（2009•河北）Sorry, we don’t have the coat ______ you need.A. whatB. whoC. whomD. which【答案】D( ) 4.（2009•山东烟台）I’ve found some pictures of the most interesting places ______ you can visitduring the winter holidays.A. whereB. whichC. whatD. that【答案】D( ) 5.（2009•四川成都）The girl ______ I just talked with is Ben’s mother.]A. whomB. whichC. she【答案】A( ) 1.（2009•河南）It’s time to say goodbye to my school. I’ll always remember the people __have helped me.A. whoB. whatC. whichD. where【答案】A( ) 2.（2009•湖北孝感）The skirt _________ is made of silk is very expensive. I can’t afford it.A. whatB. /C. thatD. it【答案】C( ) 3.（2009•陕西绥德）I love people ______ are friendly to others.A. whichB. whoseC. whatD. who【答案】 D( ) 4.（2009.福建漳州）---Could you tell me something about Zheng He?---Sure. He was a Ming Dynasty explorer ______ the Chinese people are proud of?A. whichB. whoseC. whomD. where【答案】 C( ) 1.（2009•哈尔滨）Ten months has passed, but Chinese people still remember those exciting days_______they spent during the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games．A．that B．who C．when【答案】A( ) 2.（2009•吉林通化）Jim dislikes people ______ talk much but never do anything.A. whomB. whenC. whoseD. who【答案】D( ) 3.（2009•辽宁锦州）—Is everything _____ we need to do _______?—Yes. You needn’t worry about it.A. which; has doneB. which; doingC. that; has doneD. that; done【答案】D( ) 4.（2009•深圳）---Do you know the boy_________ is sitting next to Peter?---Yes．He is Peter’s friend．They are celebrating this______ birthday.A. who, ninthB. that, nineth C,/, nineth D. which, ninth【答案】A( ) 5.（2009•山东德州）This is the novel________ is written by Guo Jingming.A. whoB. whatC. thatD. /【答案】C( ) 6.（2009•湖南长沙）---What are you looking for?---I’m looking for the pen ______ I bought yesterday.A. whoB. whichC. whose【答案】B( ) 7.（2009•朝阳）---What kind of music do you like?---I like music ______ I can sing along with.A. whoB. whereC. thatD. when【答案】C( ) 8.（2009•福建莆田）The place ______ interested me most was Jiuzhaigou.A. whichB. whereC. what【答案】A(2010 .河北中考Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me ________?A. where you buy itB. where do you buy itC. where you bought itD. where did you buy it【解析】选C(2010.盐城中考)—Excuse me .Could you tell me_____I can get to the Space Museum? --Of course.You can take bus No.1.A.whereB.howC.ifD.why【解析】选B（2010.自贡中考）—Do you know ________the new mobile phone last week?--Maybe 900 yuan. I’m not quite sure.A.how much she paid forB.how much will she pay forC.how much did she pay for【解析】选A(2010潍坊中考)Michael Jordan has failed over and over again in his life.And that’s ____ he succeeds .A.whatB.whenC.whyD.where【解析】选C(2010潍坊中考)Alice in Wonderland is a fantastic movie.It’s about ______.A.how did Alice end the Red Queen’s reign of terror（恐怖统治）B.what did Alice end the Red Queen’s reign of terrorC.how Alice ended the Red Queen’s reign of terrorD.what Alice ended the Red Queen’s reign of terror【解析】选C（2010南京中考）—Do you know ________the girl in red is ?--I’m not sure.Maybe a teacher.A.whenB.howC.whereD.what【解析】选D(2010.无锡中考)—What did your parents thank about your decision?--They always let me do_______I think I should.A.whenB.thatC.howD.what【解析】选D一、单项选择1．— The Dragon Boat races are so exciting, but our boat is still behind.—Don’t worry. I am sure _______ our team will win!A. ifB. /C. whetherD. of2．Why not listen to BBC news to improve your listening skills?It’s difficult for me follow.A. too; toB. so; thatC. such; thatD. so; too3．— Yesterday there were many people in the park I almost lost my way.— It was the May Day holiday. Lots of people wanted to have fun there.A. quite; thatB. so; thatC. enough; thatD. very; that4．This lesson was so boring ____ some students began to sleep in class.A. thatB. andC. whenD. how5．— Why not listen to BBC news to improve your listening skills?—It’s _________ difficult for me _________ follow.A. too; toB. so; thatC. such; thatD. so; too6．---The doctor told me not to eat too much, but I found it difficult.---The doctor is right. _________ you eat, ______ you will be.A. The less, the healthierB. The less; the more healthilyC. The more; the healthierD. The more; the more healthily7．—It seems _____ you like to work with children.—Yes, they are so lovely.A.thatB.whatC.toD.as8．I want to know if the idea _______ she has thought up works out fine.A. whoB. whereC. thatD. how9．—You speak _____ fast _____ we can’t follow you.—I will speak slowly.A.so; thatB. such; thatC. such a; thatD. too; to10．Are you sure the news ______ you received from the Internet is true?A. thatB. whereC. whatD. how11．—Could you tell me __________？—Sorry, I don’t know.A. how can I get to the Water Sports CenterB. when will Mr. Black come backC. why is Tom late for classD. where Mr. Green has gone12．These days the long TV play is popular my mother often keep watching it for two hours without a rest a day .A. so, thatB. too , toC. very , thatD. such , that13．I don’t know .A、what does he doB、what’s the matter with herC、what he says just now14．There are always ____interesting stories in the series that ___ many people watch them.A. so, soB. such, suchC. such, soD. so, such15．Sichuan food is hotter than Shanghainese food. That's ______________.A. what I like itB.what do I like itC. why I like itD.why do I like it16．—I’m going to buy a new car. Any advice, John?—Well, it depends on _______. If money isn’t a problem, you can buy a BMW.A. when you will buy oneB. where you are drivingC. what color do you likeD. how much you can afford17．——Do you know _______? ——I’m not sure. Maybe an artist.A. what the man with long hair isB. what is the man with long hairC. who the man with long hair isD. who is the man with long hair18．—I dislike shopping online, I prefer to actually see and touch what I’m buying before I pay for it, especially for clothes and shoes.—That’s right.___________.A. Seeing is believingB. Clothes do not make the manC. The first step is always the hardestD. You are never too old to learn19．---Who can tell me_______? ---Every 15 minutes.A. when the bus will arrive.B. how often the bus arrivesC. how long has the bus been awayD. when will the bus arrive20．I wonder when they ___ for Beijing. I will go to the train station to see them off when they ___.A .leave, will leave B. will leave, leaveC. will go, leaveD. go, leave21．.—What will you do if it _______ tomorrow?—I will stay at home and watch the match on TV.A、rainB、rainsC、will rainD、is raining22．I didn’t see Tom yesterday. Do you know?A、what happened with himB、where he has beenC、why didn’t he come23．-Do you know if he will come tomorrow?-No,but if he ,I’ll call you to have a meal together.A.will comeB.won’t comeCes D.doesn’t come24．Many countries are setting up nation parks animals and plants can be protected.A. whenB.whichC.where25．The second book ______I want to read is Business @ the Speed of Thought.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. as七、补充句子（题型注释）根据所给提示，完成以下句子。
定语从句知识点详解(初中英语专项复习) (3)
定语从句知识点详解（初中英语专项复习）Mr. Brown is a teacher __________ is strict with all is students.A. whichB. whoC. where【参考答案】B【试题解析】句意＂布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师＂。
本题考查定语从句。
A.指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B.指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；C.表示地方，在从句中作地点状语。
本句话中先行词为a teacher，指人，在从句中作主语，故选B。
做定语从句的题时，可先将先行词还原到句中。
其次选择关系词，要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。
二要看从句中做何种成分，从而做出正确的判断。
一、关系代词关系代词有六个，听我逐一来说破；which表物人用who，人物都有that顾；which用在逗号后，意表前句你要know；who作主语很称职，whom用到宾语里。
二、that用法that用法真有趣，两个地方它不去；逗号后边它不去，介词之后不考虑。
三、that和which的区别that which代表物，区别听我来叙述；先行若是不定代，that就把which踹；先行词前有两数，就用that定无误；先行词前最高级，还用that必无疑；句中若有there be，that应把which替；先行主中作表语，避免重复从句里；just，the only，very，same，last其后也要用that。
四、指人的关系代词指人可用that, who，以下情况多用who；those people作先行，there be的结构中；先行指人不定代，从中作主who要在；两个定从一起来，不要重复你有才。
五、whose的用法定从之中少定语，whose为你唱一曲；whose指人又指物，所属关系要记住。
六、as和which的区别as/which在句末，若有否定as错；句首只能用as，还有认知猜想词；固定结构用as, the same/such/so/as；so/such...that宾不离，so/such...as...宾要弃。
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A. 与先行词的搭配
1. I will never forget the day on which I joined the army. ( on the day )
2. I will never forget the year in which my son went to college. ( in the year )
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定 语 从 句（3）
Attributive clause
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
Revision
定语从句
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2. This is the boy (whom / that ) I played tennis with yesterday. = This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday.
二、“介词+关系代词” 中介词的确定
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二、“介词+关系代词” 中介词的确定
B. 与从句中谓语动词的搭配
1. Do you like the book on which she spent $10? ( spend … on )
2. Do you like the book for which she paid $10? ( pay… for ) 常见搭配：talk / know/hear about speak to learn from
当关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语，常可把介词提前，
放在先行词和关系代词之间，即由“介词+关系代词”来引导定
语从句。
注意： 介词+关系代词
先行词是人时用 whom 先行词是物时用 which
1. The school （which / that）he once studied in is very famous. =The school in which he once studied is very famous.
概 念： 在复合句中，修饰名词（或代词）的句子叫定语从句。 关系代词： who, whom, whose, which, that
定语从句中宜用 that 的情3;关系代词” 基本结构
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