英文翻译资料：高效液相色谱法词汇
高效液相色谱( high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC
高效液相色谱（high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC）也叫高压液相色谱（high pressure liquid chromatography）、高速液相色谱（high speed liquid chromatography）、高分离度液相色谱（high resolution liquid chromatography）等。
是在经典液相色谱法的基础上，于60年代后期引入了气相色谱理论而迅速发展起来的。
它与经典液相色谱法的区别是填料颗粒小而均匀，小颗粒具有高柱效，但会引起高阻力，需用高压输送流动相，故又称高压液相色谱。
又因分析速度快而称为高速液相色谱。
高效液相色谱是目前应用最多的色谱分析方法，高效液相色谱系统由流动相储液体瓶、输液泵、进样器、色谱柱、检测器和记录器组成，其整体组成类似于气相色谱，但是针对其流动相为液体的特点作出很多调整。
HPLC的输液泵要求输液量恒定平稳；进样系统要求进样便利切换严密；由于液体流动相粘度远远高于气体，为了减低柱压高效液相色谱的色谱柱一般比较粗，长度也远小于气相色谱柱。
HPLC应用非常广泛，几乎遍及定量定性分析的各个领域。
使用高效液相色谱时，液体待检测物被注入色谱柱，通过压力在固定相中移动，由于被测物种不同物质与固定相的相互作用不同，不同的物质顺序离开色谱柱，通过检测器得到不同的峰信号，最后通过分析比对这些信号来判断待侧物所含有的物质。
高效液相色谱作为一种重要的分析方法，广泛的应用于化学和生化分析中。
高效液相色谱从原理上与经典的液相色谱没有本质的差别，它的特点是采用了高压输液泵、高灵敏度检测器和高效微粒固定相，适于分析高沸点不易挥发、分子量大、不同极性的有机化合物。
发展历史：1960年代，由于气相色谱对高沸点有机物分析的局限性，为了分离蛋白质、核酸等不易气化的大分子物质，气相色谱的理论和方法被重新引入经典液相色谱。
1960年代末科克兰（Kirkland）、哈伯、荷瓦斯(Horvath)、莆黑斯、里普斯克等人开发了世界上第一台高效液相色谱仪，开启了高效液相色谱的时代。
液相色谱词汇中英文对照
液相色谱词汇中英文对照液相色谱词汇中英文对照高效毛细管电泳high-performance capillary electrophoresis归一化法normalization method毛细管等电聚焦capillary isoelectric focusing毛细管等速电泳isotachophoresis毛细管电色谱capillary electrochromatography毛细管电泳capillary electrophoresis毛细管电泳电喷雾质谱联用capillary electrophoresis – electr芯片电泳microchip electrophoresis色谱法chromatography色谱峰chromatographic peak色谱峰区域宽度peak width色谱富集过样samt injection of chromatography色谱工作站chromatographic working station色谱图chromatogram色谱仪chromatograph色谱柱chromatographic column色谱柱column色谱柱切换技术switching column technique毛细管超临界流体色谱法capillary supercritical fluid chromat…毛细管电泳基质辅助激光解吸电离质谱离线检测off-line capillar…毛细管电泳离子分析capillary ion analysis毛细管电泳免疫分析immunity analysis of capillary electropho…毛细管胶束电动色谱micellar electrokinetic chromatography毛细管凝胶电泳capillary gel electrophoresis毛细管凝胶柱capillary gel column毛细管亲和电泳affinity capillary electrophoresis毛细管区带电泳capillary zone electrophoresis毛细管有效长度the effective length of capillary electrophor…间接检测indirect detection间接荧光检测indirect fluorescence detection间接紫外检测indirect ultraviolet detection检测器detector检测器检测限detector detectability检测器灵敏度detector sensitivity检测器线性范围detector linear range阴离子交换剂anion exchanger阴离子交换色谱法anion exchange chromatography, AEC高速逆流色谱法high speed counter-current chromatography高温凝胶色谱法high temperature gel chromatography高效液相色谱-付里叶变换红外分析法high performance liquid ch…高效液相色谱法high performance liquid chromatography高效柱high performance column高压流通池技术high pressure flow cell technique高压输液泵high pressure pump高压梯度high-pressure gradient高压液相色谱法high pressure liquid chromatography阴离子交换树脂anion exchange resin荧光薄层板fluorescent thin layer plate荧光检测器fluorescence detector荧光色谱法fluorescence chromatography迎头色谱法frontal chromatography迎头色谱法frontal method硬（质）凝胶hard gel有机改进剂organic modifier有机相生物传感器Organic biosensor有效峰数effective peak number EPN有效理论塔板数number of effective theoretical plates有效塔板高度effective plate height有效淌度effective mobility淤浆填充法slurry packing method予柱pre-column在线电堆集on-line electrical stacking在柱电导率检测on-column electrical conductivity detection噪声noise噪信比noise –signal ratio增强紫外-可见吸收检测技术UV-visible absorption enhanced det…窄粒度分布narrow particle size distribution折射率检测器refractive index detector, RID真空脱气装置vacuum degasser阵列毛细管电泳capillary array electrophoresis蒸发光散射检测器evaporative light-scattering detector, ELSD整体性质检测器integral property detector正相高效液相色谱法normal phase high performance liquid chro…正相离子对色谱法normal phase ion-pair chromatography正相毛细管电色谱positive capillary electrokinetic chromatog…直接化学离子化direct chemical ionization GC-MS直接激光在柱吸收检测on-column direct laser detection纸色谱法paper chromatography置换色谱法displacement chromatography制备色谱preparative chromatography制备色谱仪preparative chromatograph制备柱preparation column智能色谱chromatography with artificial intelligence质量色谱mass chromatography质量型检测器mass detector质量型检测器mass flow rate sensitive detector中压液相色谱middle-pressure liquid chromatography重建色谱图reconstructive chromatogram重均分子量weight mean molecular weight轴向扩散longitudinal diffusion轴向吸收池absorption pool of axial direction轴向压缩柱axial compression column柱端电导率检测out-let end detection of electrical conductiv…柱负载能力column loadability柱后衍生化post-column derivatization柱老化condition (aging) of column柱流出物(column) effluent柱流失column bleeding柱内径column internal diameter柱前衍生化pro-column derivatization柱切换技术column switching technique柱清洗column cleaning柱容量column capacity柱入口压力column inlet pressure柱色谱法column chromatography柱上检测on-line detection柱渗透性column permeability柱寿命column life柱头进样column head sampling柱外效应extra-column effect柱温箱column oven柱效column efficiency柱压column pressure柱再生column regeneration柱中衍生化on-column derivatization注射泵syringe pump转化定量法trans-quantitative method紫外-可见光检测器ultraviolet visible detector, UV-Vis紫外吸收检测器ultraviolet absorption detector自动进样器automatic sampler自由溶液毛细管电泳free solution capillary electrophoresis总分离效能指标over-all resolution efficiency总交换容量total exchange capacity总渗透体积total osmotic volume纵向扩散longitudinal diffusion组合式仪器系统building block instrument最佳流速optimum flow rate最佳实际流速optimum practical flow rate最小检测量minimum detectable quantity最小检测浓度minimum detectable concentration萃取色谱法extraction chromatography脱气装置degasser外标法external standard method外梯度outside gradient网状结构reticular structure往复泵reciprocating pump往复式隔膜泵reciprocating diaphragm pump微分型检测器differential detector微孔树脂micro-reticular resin微库仑检测器micro coulometric detector微量进样针micro-syringe微量色谱法micro-chromatography微乳液电动色谱microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography微生物传感器Microbial sensor微生物显影bioautography微填充柱micro-packed column微吸附检测器micro adsorption detector微型柱micro-column涡流扩散eddy diffusion无机离子交换剂inorganic ion exchanger无胶筛分毛细管电泳non-gel capillary electrophoresis无孔单分散填料non-porous monodisperse packing无脉动色谱泵pulse-free chromatographic pump物理钝化法physical deactivation吸附等温线adsorption isotherm吸附剂adsorbing material吸附剂活性adsorbent activity吸附平衡常数adsorption equilibrium constant吸附溶剂强度参数adsorption solvent strength parameter吸附色谱法adsorption chromatography吸附型PLOT柱adsorption type porous-layer open tubular colum…吸附柱adsorption column吸光度比值法absorbance ratio method洗脱强度eluting power显色器color-developing sprayer限制扩散理论theory of restricted diffusion线速度linear velocity线性梯度linear gradient相比率phase ratio相对保留值relative retention value相对比移值relative Rf value相对挥发度relative volatility相对灵敏度relative sensitivity相对碳（重量）响应因子relative carbon response factor相对响应值relative response相对校正因子relative correction factor相交束激光诱导的热透镜测量heat lens detection of intersect …相似相溶原则rule of similarity响应时间response time响应值response小角激光散射光度计low-angle laser light scattering photomet…小内径毛细管柱Microbore column校正保留体积corrected retention volume校正曲线法calibration curve method校正因子correction factor旋转薄层法rotating thin layer chromatography旋转小室逆流色谱rotational little-chamber counter-current c…选择性检测器selective detector循环色谱法recycling chromatography压电晶体piezoelectric crystal压电免疫传感器Piezoelectric Immunosensor压电转换器piezoelectric transducer压力保护pressure protect压力上限pressure high limit压力梯度校正因子pressure gradient correction factor压力下限pressure low limit衍生化法derivatization method衍生化试剂derivatization reagent阳离子交换剂cation exchanger阳离子交换色谱法cation exchange chromatography, CEC氧化铝色谱法alumina chromatography样品环sample loop样品预处理sample pretreatment液-液分配色谱法liquid-liquid partition chromatography液-液色谱法liquid-liquid chromatography液滴逆流色谱drop counter-current chromatography液固色谱liquid-solid chromatography液晶固定相liquid crystal stationary phase液态离子交换剂liquid ion exchanger液相传质阻力resistance of liquid mass transfer液相色谱-傅里叶变换红外光谱联用liquid chromatography-FTIR 液相色谱-质谱分析法liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 液相色谱-质谱仪liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer液相色谱法liquid chromatography液相载荷量liquid phase loading溶剂效率solvent efficiency溶解度参数solubility parameter溶液性能检测器solution property detector溶胀swelling溶质性质检测器solute property detector容量因子capacity factor渗透极限分子量permeation limit molecular weight生物色谱biological chromatography生物特异性柱biospecific column生物自显影法bioautography升温速率temperature rate湿法柱填充wet column packing十八烷基键合硅胶octadecyl silane石墨化碳黑graphitized carbon black示差折光检测器differential refraction detector试剂显色法reagent color-developing method手动进样器manual injector手性氨基酸衍生物GC固定相chiral amino aci d derivatives stat…手性拆分试剂chiral selectors手性固定相chiral stationary phase手性固定相拆分法chiral solid phase separation手性环糊精衍生物GC固定相chiral cyclodextrin der GC手性金属络合物GC固定相chirametal stationary phase in GC 手性流动相chiral mobile phase手性流动相拆分法chiral mobile phase separation手性色谱chiral chromatography手性试剂chiral reagent手性衍生化法chiral derivation method疏溶剂理论solvophobic theory疏溶剂色谱法solvophobic chromatography疏溶剂作用理论solvophobic interaction principle疏水作用色谱hydrophobic interaction chromatography树脂交换容量exchange capacity of resin数均分子量number mean molecular weight双保留机理dual reservation mechanism双活塞往复泵two-piston reciprocating pump双束差分检测器detector of dual-beam difference双柱色谱法dual column chromatography水凝胶hydragel水系凝胶色谱柱aqua-system gel column死区域dead zone死体积dead volume塔板理论方程plate theory equation碳分子筛carbon molecular sieve特殊选择固定液selective stationary phase梯度洗脱gradient elution梯度洗脱装置gradient elution device梯度液相色谱gradient liquid chromatography体积排斥理论size exclusion theory体积排斥色谱size exclusion chromatography体积色谱法volumetric chromatography填充柱packed column填料packing material停流进样stop-flow injection通用型检测器common detector涂层毛细管coated capillary拖尾峰tailing peak拖尾因子tailing factor流动分离理论separation by flow流动相mobile phase流动相梯度eluent gradient流体动力学进样hydrostatic pressure injection流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume流型扩散dispersion due to flow profile脉冲阻尼器pulse damper酶传感器Enzyme sensor酶联免疫传感器Enzyme linked immunosensor酶免疫分析enzyme immnunoassay内标法internal standard method内标物internal standard内梯度inside gradient逆流色谱法counter-current chromatography逆流色谱仪counter current chromatograph凝胶过滤色谱gel filtration chromatography凝胶内体积gel inner volume凝胶色谱法gel chromatography凝胶色谱仪gel chromatograph凝胶渗透色谱gel permeation chromatography凝胶外体积gel interstitial volume凝胶柱gel column浓度梯度成像检测器concentration gradient imaging detector 浓度型检测器concentration detector排斥极限分子量exclusion limit molecular weight排斥体积exclusion volume排阻薄层色谱法exclusion TLC漂移drift迁移时间migration time迁移时间窗口the window of migration time前延峰leading peak前沿色谱法frontal chromatography强碱性阴离子交换剂strong-base anion exchanger强酸性阳离子交换剂strongly acidic cation exchanger切换时间switching time去离子水deionized water全多孔硅胶macro-reticular silica gel全多孔型填料macro-reticular packing material全二维色谱Comprehensive two-dim ensional gas chromatography…全硅烷化去活complete silylanization deactivation溶剂强度solvent strength激光解吸质谱法laser desorption MS, LDMS激光色谱laser chromatography激光诱导光束干涉检测detection of laser-induced light beam I…激光诱导毛细管振动测量laser-reduced capillary vibration det…激光诱导荧光检测器laser-induced fluorescence detector记忆峰memory peak记忆效应memory effect夹层槽sandwich chamber假峰ghost peak间断洗脱色谱法interrupted-elution chromatography间接光度（检测）离子色谱法indirect photometric ion chromato…间接光度（检测）色谱法indirect photometric chromatography减压液相色谱vacuum liquid chromatography键合固定相bonded stationary phase键合型离子交换剂bonded ion exchanger焦耳热joule heating胶束薄层色谱法micellar thin layer chromatography胶束液相色谱法micellar liquid chromatography交联度crosslinking degree阶梯梯度stagewise gradient进样阀injection valve进样量sample size进样器injector聚苯乙烯PSDVB聚硅氧烷高温裂解去活high-temperature pyrolysis deactivation…聚合物基质离子交换剂polymer substrate ion exchanger绝对检测器absolute detector可见光检测器visible light detector可交换离子exchangable ion空间性谱带加宽band broadening in space空穴色谱法vacancy chromatography孔结构pore structure孔径pore diameter孔径分布pore size distribution控制单元control unit快速色谱法high-speed chromatography理论塔板高度height equivalent to a theoretical plate（HETP）理论塔板数number of theoretical plates峰面积peak area峰面积测量法measurement of peak area峰面积校正calibration of peak area峰容量peak capacity固定相stationary phase固定液stationary liquid固定液的相对极性relative polarity of stationary liquid固定液极性stationary liquid polarity固相扩散solid diffusion固相荧光免疫分析solid phase fluorescence immunoassay固有粘度intrinsic viscosity光散射检测器light scattering detector硅胶silica gel硅烷化法silanization硅烷化法silanizing硅烷化载体silanized support过压液相色谱法over pressured liquid chromatography,OPLC恒流泵constant flow pump恒温操作constant temperature method恒压泵constant pressure pump红色载体red support红外检测器infrared detector红外总吸光度重建色谱图total infrared absorbance reconstruct…化合物形成色谱compound-formation chromatography化学发光检测器chemiluminescence detector化学发光检测器Chemiluminescence detector, SCD化学键合固定相bonded stationary phase化学键合相色谱bonded phase chromatography化学色谱法chemi-chromatography环糊精电动色谱cyclodextrin electrokinetic chromatography环形展开比移值circular development Rf value环形展开法circular development缓冲溶液添加剂buffer additives辉光放电检测器glow discharge detector混合床离子交换固定相mixed-bed ion exchange stationary phase 混合床柱mixed bed column活塞泵piston pump活性activation活性硅胶activated silica gel活性氧化铝activated aluminium oxide基流background current or base current基线baseline基线宽度baseline width基质substrate materials基质隔离技术matrix isolation technique电歧视效应the effect of electrical discrimination电迁移进样electrophoretic injection电渗流electroendosmotic flow电渗流标记物electroendosmotic flow marker电渗流淌度electroendosmotic mobility电泳淌度electrophoretic mobility调整保留时间adjusted retention time调整保留体积adjusted retention volume叠加内标法added internal standard method二极管阵列检测器diode-array detector, DAD二维色谱法two-dimensional chromatography二元溶剂体系dual solvent system反冲洗back wash反吹技术back flushing technique反峰negative peak反离子counter ion反相高效液相色谱法reversed phas e high performance liquid ch…反相离子对色谱reversed phase ion pair chromatography反相离子对色谱法reversed phase ion-pair chromatography反相毛细管电色谱reverse capillary electrokinetic chromatogr…反相柱reversed phase column反应色谱reaction chromatography反圆心式展开anti-circular development反转电渗流reverse electroendosmotic flow范第姆特方程式van Deemter equation仿生传感器Biomimic electrode放射性检测器radioactivity detector放射自显影autoradiography非极性固定相non-polar stationary phase非极性键合相non-polar bonded phase非水系凝胶色谱柱non-aqua-system gel column非水相色谱nonaqueous phase chromatography非吸附性载体non-adsorptive support非线性分流non-linearity split stream非线性色谱non-linear chromatography非线性吸附等温线non-linear adsorption isotherm酚醛离子交换树脂phenolic ion exchange resin分离－反应－分离展开SRS development分离数separation number分离因子separation factor分离柱separation column分配等温线distribution isotherm分配色谱partition chromatography分配系数partition coefficient分析型色谱仪analytical type chromatograph分子扩散molecular diffusion封尾endcapping峰高peak heightpH梯度动态分离dynamic separation of the pH gradient pH值梯度洗脱pH gradient elutionZata电势Zata potentialZ形池Z-form pool氨基键合相amino-bonded phase氨基酸分析仪amino acid analyzer安培检测器ampere detector白色载体white support半微柱semimicro-column半制备柱semi-preparation column包覆型离子交换剂coated ion exchanger包覆型填料coated packing material保护柱guard column保留间隙retention gap保留时间retention time保留体积retention volume保留温度retention temperature保留值定性法retention qualitative method保留值沸点规律boiling point rule of retention保留值碳数规律carbon number rule of retention保留指数retention index保留指数定性法retention index qualitative method背景电导background conductance苯酚磺酸树脂phenol sulfonic acid resin苯乙烯styrene比保留体积specific retention volume比例阀proportional valve比渗透率specific permeability比移值Rf value便携式色谱仪portable chromatograph标准偏差standard deviation表观电泳淌度apparent electrophoretic mobility表观交换容量apparent exchange capacity表面电位检测器surface potential detector表面多孔硅胶superficially porous silica gel表面多孔填料superficially porous packing material表面多孔型离子交换剂superficially porous ion-exchanger玻璃球载体glass beads support不分流进样splitless sampling参比柱reference column场放大进样electrical field magnified injection场流分离field-flow fractionation场流分离仪field-flow fractionation场效应生物传感器Field effect transistor based Biosensor常压液相色谱法common-pressure liquid chromatography超声波脱气ultrasonic degas程序变流色谱法programmed flow (gas) chromatography程序升温进样programmed temperature sampling程序升温色谱法programmed temperature (gas) chromatography 程序升温蒸发器programmed temperature vaporizer ,PTV程序升压programmed pressure大孔树脂macro-reticular resin大孔填料macro-reticular packing material大内径毛细管柱Megaobore column单活塞往复泵single piston reciprocating pump单相色谱仪single phase chromatograph单向阀one-way valve单柱离子色谱法single column ion chromatography等度洗脱isocratic elution等离子体色谱法plasma chromatography等途电泳-毛细管区带电泳耦合进样isotachophoresis injection-c…低负荷柱low load column低容量柱low capacity column低压梯度low-pressure gradient低压液相色谱low-pressure liquid chromatography电导池conductance cell电导检测法conductance detection电荷转移分光光度法charge transfer spectrophotometry电化学检测器electrochemical detector电解抑制器electrolyze suppressor。
高效液相色谱和超高效液相色谱
高效液相色谱和超高效液相色谱高效液相色谱（HighPerformanceLiquidChromatography，HPLC）和超高效液相色谱（Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography，UHPLC），是现代分析化学中常用的分离技术。
它们可以对复杂的混合物进行分离和定量分析，广泛应用于药物分析、食品分析、环境分析、生物分析等领域。
本文将从原理、仪器、方法和应用等方面，介绍高效液相色谱和超高效液相色谱的基本知识。
一、原理高效液相色谱和超高效液相色谱的原理基本相同，都是利用样品在流动相中的分配系数差异，通过固定相和流动相的作用，将混合物中的化合物分离出来。
不同的是，超高效液相色谱采用了更小的颗粒固定相，使得流动相可以更快地通过固定相，从而提高了分离效率和分离速度。
在高效液相色谱和超高效液相色谱中，样品首先被注入流动相中，然后通过固定相的柱子。
固定相通常是一种多孔的固体材料，如硅胶、C18等。
样品中的化合物在流动相中的分配系数不同，因此在通过固定相时，会被分离出来。
分离出来的化合物，会在检测器中被检测到，从而实现分离和定量分析。
二、仪器高效液相色谱和超高效液相色谱的仪器基本相同，主要由注射器、流动相泵、柱子、检测器和计算机控制系统等组成。
（一）注射器注射器是将样品引入流动相中的关键部分。
常用的注射器有手动注射器和自动进样器。
手动注射器通常用于小样品量的分析，而自动进样器可以实现高精度、高效率的样品进样。
（二）流动相泵流动相泵是将流动相送入柱子中的装置。
其主要功能是控制流动相的流速和流量，并确保流动相的稳定性。
常用的流动相泵有恒压流量泵和梯度流量泵。
恒压流量泵可以保持恒定的流量，适用于等浓度的流动相。
梯度流量泵可以实现不同浓度的流动相混合，从而实现更好的分离效果。
（三）柱子柱子是高效液相色谱和超高效液相色谱的核心部分，用于固定相的分离。
常用的柱子材料有硅胶、C18、C8等。
专业英语翻译学习：高效液相色谱法英语词汇
⾼效液相⾊谱法：high performance liquid chromatography,hplc⾼速液相⾊谱法：high speed lc,hslc⾼压液相⾊谱法：high pressure lc,hplc⾼分辨液相⾊谱法：high resolution lc,hrlc液固吸附⾊谱法（液固⾊谱法）：liquid-solid adsorption chromatography,lsc 液液⾊谱法：liquid-liquid chromatography,llc正相：normal phase,np反相：reversed phase,rp化学键合相⾊谱法：bonded phase chromatography,bpc⼗⼋烷基：octadecylselyl,ods离⼦对⾊谱法：paired ion chromatography,pic反相离⼦对⾊谱法：rpic离⼦抑制⾊谱法：ion suppression chromatography,isc离⼦⾊谱法：ion chromatography,ic⼿性⾊谱法：chiral chromatography,cc环糊精⾊谱法：cyclodextrin chromatography,cdc胶束⾊谱法：micellar chromatography,mc亲和⾊谱法：affinity chromatography,ac固定相：stationary phase化学键合相：chemically bonde phase封尾、封顶、遮盖：end capping⼿性固定相：chiral stationary phase,csp恒组成溶剂洗脱：isocraic elution梯度洗脱：gradient elution紫外检测器：ultraviolet detector,uvd荧光检测器：fluorophotomeric detector,fd电化学检测器：ecd⽰差折光检测器：rid光电⼆极管检测器：photodiode array detector ,dad三维光谱－波谱图：3d-spectrochromatogram蒸发光散射检测器：evaporative light scattering detector,elsd安培检测器：ampere detector,ad⾼效⽑细管电泳法：high performance capillary electrophoresis,hpce淌度：mobility电泳：electrophoresis电渗：electroosmosis动⼒进样：hydrodynamic injection电动进样：electrokinetic injection⽑细管区带电泳法：capillary zone electrophoresis,cze胶束电动⽑细管⾊谱：micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography,mecc ⽑细管凝胶电泳：capillary gel electrophoresis,cge筛分：sieving。
高效液相色谱法
高效液相色谱法（HPLC）1.4.1.1 高效液相色谱法高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography;HPLC)是用高压输液泵将规定的流动相泵入装有填充剂的色谱柱进行分离测定的色谱方法。
注入的供试品，由流动相带入柱内，在柱内各成分被分离后，并依次进入检测器，由记录仪、积分仪或数据处理系统记录色谱信号。
高效液相色谱法是在经典液相色谱法的基础上，引入了气相色谱法的理论和实验技术，以高压输送流动相，采用高效固定相及高灵敏度检测器，发展而成的现代液相色谱分析方法。
它具有分离效率高、选择性好、分析速度快、检测灵敏度高、操作自动化和应用范围广的特点。
与经典液相色谱法相比，高效液相色谱法具有下列主要优点：①应用了颗粒极细(一般为10μm以下)、规则均匀的固定相，传质阻抗小，柱效高，分离效率高；②采用高压输液泵输送流动相，流速快，分析速度快，一般试样的分析需数分钟，复杂试样分析在数十分钟内即可完成；③广泛使用了高灵敏度检测器，大大提高了灵敏度。
紫外检测器最小检测限可达10-9g，而荧光检测器最小检测限可达10-12g。
与气相色谱法相比，高效液相色谱法具有下列主要优点：①不受试样的挥发性和热稳定性的限制，应用范围广；②可选用不同性质的各种溶剂作为流动相，而且流动相对分离的选择性有很大作用，因此分离选择性高；③一般在室温条件下进行分离，不需要高柱温。
1.4.1.2 高效液相色谱法主要类型按固定相的聚集状态包括液液色谱法(LLC)和液固色谱法(LSC)两大类。
按分离机制则包括分配色谱法(partition chromatography)、吸附色谱法(adsorption chromatography)、离子交换色谱法(ion exchange chromatography; IEC)和空间排阻色谱法(steric exclusion chromatography; SEC)四类基本类型色谱法；高效液相色谱法中最常见的是化学键合相色谱法及由其衍变和发展的离子抑制色谱法(ion suppression chromatography; ISC)和离子对色谱法(paired ion chromatography; PIC或ion pair chromatography; IPC)；除此之外，高效液相色谱法还包括许多与分离机制有关的色谱类型，如亲和色谱法(affinity chromatography; AC)、手性色谱法(chiral chromatography; CC)、胶束色谱法(micellar chromatography; MC)和电色谱法(electrochromatography; EC)等。
高效液相色谱的简称
高效液相色谱的简称为HPLC，全称为High Performance Liquid Chromatography。
它是一种常用的分离和分析技术，广泛应用于化学、制药、环境科学、食品安全等领域。
HPLC利用液体作为流动相，在固定填充物（如柱填充剂）中进行分离。
样品溶液被注入进HPLC系统，经过柱子后，各组分根据其在填充物上的亲和性差异而被分离。
通过控制流动相的性质和梯度，可以实现对样品中不同组分的分离和定量。
HPLC具有以下特点：
1. 高效：HPLC能够在短时间内完成复杂样品的分离和分析，提高实验效率。
2. 灵敏度高：HPLC可以检测到很低浓度的物质，通常可达到ppm或ppb级别。
3. 选择性强：HPLC可以通过调整流动相的成分和条件来实现对不同化合物的选择性分离。
4. 应用广泛：HPLC可以用于分析各种样品，包括有机物、无机物、生物大分子等。
5. 自动化程度高：现代HPLC系统具有自动进样、自动分离和自动检测等功能，减少了人工操作的影响。
因为HPLC在科学研究和实验室分析中具有重要地位和广泛应用，所以被称为高效液相色谱。
1。
高效液相色谱的术语
高效液相色谱的术语
高效液相色谱法（High Performance Liquid Chromatography，HPLC）中，有一些常用的术语和概念：
1. 色谱图（Chromatogram）：色谱柱流出物通过检测器时所产生的响应信号对时间的曲线图，其纵坐标为信号强度，横坐标为时间。
2. 色谱峰（Peak）：色谱柱流出组分通过检测器时产生的响应信号。
3. 峰底（Peak Base）：峰的起点与终点之间连接的直线。
4. 峰高（Peak Height）：峰最大值到峰底的距离。
5. 峰面积（Peak Area）：峰与峰底之间的面积，又称响应值。
6. 基线（Baseline）：在正常操作条件下，仅由流动相所产生的响应信号。
7. 基线飘移（Baseline Drift）：基线随时间定向的缓慢变化。
8. 基线噪声（Baseline Nois e）：由各种因素所引起的基线波动。
以上信息仅供参考，如有需要，建议查阅高效液相色谱相关文献或咨询专业人士。
荧光高效液相色谱法 英文
荧光高效液相色谱法英文Fluorescence High Performance Liquid Chromatography (FL-HPLC) is an analytical technique that separates and measures compounds based ontheir fluorescent properties. It is a highly sensitive and selective technique that has gained popularity in areas such as pharmaceutical development, environmental monitoring, and food safety analysis.Fundamental Principle The fundamental principle of fluorescence detection in HPLC is based on the interaction of light with fluorescent compounds, which absorb light at a certain wavelength and emit light at a longer wavelength. When a sample is injected into an HPLC system, it is separated into its constituent components by a stationary phase, such as a column filled with a packing material. The separated components pass through a detector, where they are excited by a light source at a specific wavelength. As the excited moleculesreturn to their ground state, they emit light at alonger wavelength which is detected by a photomultiplier or diode array detector.Instrumentation FL-HPLC systems consist of the following components:1. mobile phase delivery system2. column3. injector4. detector5. data acquisition and processing system.The mobile phase delivery system includes pumps that deliver solvent or buffer solutions to the column at a constant flow rate. The column contains a stationary phase that separates the sample intoits individual components. The injector introduces the sample into the column in precise amounts. The detector detects the emission of light from the fluorescent compound, and the data acquisition and processing system collects and analyzes the detected signals.Applications FL-HPLC is highly sensitive and selective for the detection of fluorescent compounds, making it suitable for the analysis of trace amounts of compounds in complex matrices. It has found applications in the following areas:1. Pharmaceutical analyses: FL-HPLC is used to analyze active pharmaceutical ingredients and impurities in drug formulations.2. Food and beverage analyses: FL-HPLC is used to analyze vitamins, amino acids, and other nutrients in food and beverages.3. Environmental analyses: FL-HPLC is used to analyze pollutants and toxins in soil, water, and air.Advantages and limitations FL-HPLC has several advantages over conventional HPLC:1. High sensitivity: FL-HPLC is highly sensitive, and can detect trace amounts of compounds.2. High selectivity: FL-HPLC can selectively detect fluorescent compounds, which can be advantageous in a complex matrix.3. Versatility: FL-HPLC can be used to detect a wide range of compounds, including those that are difficult to detect using other methods.However, there are also some limitations to FL-HPLC:1. Limited applicability: FL-HPLC is only applicable to compounds that are fluorescent, which limits its use in some areas.2. Background fluorescence: Background fluorescence from the matrix can interfere with the detection of fluorescent compounds.3. Instrumentation costs: FL-HPLC instrumentation is more expensive than conventional HPLC instrumentation.Conclusion FL-HPLC is a powerful tool for the analysis of fluorescent compounds. Its high sensitivity and selectivity make it an attractive option for the detection of trace amounts of compounds in complex matrices. However, its limitations must also be considered when selecting an analytical method. With continued development, FL-HPLC has the potential to become even more powerful as an analytical tool in a variety of fields.。
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高效液相色谱法词汇
高效液相色谱法：high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC
高速液相色谱法：high speed LC,HSLC
高压液相色谱法：high pressure LC,HPLC
高分辨液相色谱法：high resolution LC,HRLC
液固吸附色谱法（液固色谱法）：liquid-solid adsorption chromatography,LSC
液液色谱法：liquid-liquid chromatography,LLC
正相：normal phase,NP
反相：reversed phase,RP
化学键合相色谱法：bonded phase chromatography,BPC
十八烷基：octadecylselyl,ODS
离子对色谱法：paired ion chromatography,PIC
反相离子对色谱法：RPIC
离子抑制色谱法：ion suppression chromatography,ISC
离子色谱法：ion chromatography,IC
手性色谱法：chiral chromatography,CC
环糊精色谱法：cyclodextrin chromatography,CDC
胶束色谱法：micellar chromatography,MC
亲和色谱法：affinity chromatography,AC
固定相：stationary phase
化学键合相：chemically bonde phase
封尾、封顶、遮盖：end capping
手性固定相：chiral stationary phase,CSP
恒组成溶剂洗脱：isocraic elution
梯度洗脱：gradient elution
紫外检测器：ultraviolet detector,UVD
荧光检测器：fluorophotomeric detector,FD
电化学检测器：ECD
示差折光检测器：RID
光电二极管检测器：photodiode array detector ,DAD
三维光谱－波谱图：3D-spectrochromatogram
蒸发光散射检测器：evaporative light scattering detector,ELSD
安培检测器：ampere detector,AD
高效毛细管电泳法：high performance capillary electrophoresis,HPCE 淌度：mobility
电泳：electrophoresis
电渗：electroosmosis
动力进样：hydrodynamic injection
电动进样：electrokinetic injection
毛细管区带电泳法：capillary zone electrophoresis,CZE
胶束电动毛细管色谱：micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography,MECC
毛细管凝胶电泳：capillary gel electrophoresis,CGE
筛分：sieving。