《中西文化对比》第二章 第二讲 汉英文化比较

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中西方文化差异英文版ppt课件-18页精品文档

中西方文化差异英文版ppt课件-18页精品文档

The western people’s opinion about loving is that “if we are well acquainted with each other ,let us go together.”And they will not contact loving with marriage.
China
Western
Vs
countries
Education
Section one
Section two
Section three
Valurn countries
Care about the reputation in educating in the child.
• Group members : Liuchenxu Baishuangcheng Meiqibing Chenyihui Liliangxiu Duanqingqi
Using the encouraging language.
Pay great attention to individual quality and the emotional communication.
Eating and drinking
Section one
Section two
Section three
Our topic:
The culture difference between china and western countries .
Differences
Section one
Section two
Section three
Education Eating and drinking Loving and marriage

中西文化比较(英文版ppt)

中西文化比较(英文版ppt)

1.Introduction
Table manner is an important part of cross-cultural communication. Chinese and Western people have been deeply influenced by different
social cultures, historical cultures and various social backgrounds, so
Every culture in the world is equal, We should avoid using our own culture, morality and value to judge foreign culture. We should treat foreign culture objectively .
Chinese
Western
In western meals , they use so much table wares with different kinds and sizes. the use of table wares also shows different food culture in different countries, the main table wares in western are knives, forks , spoons , glass and napkin.
吵闹和安静是中西方餐桌气氛最主要的不同之处。中 国的餐桌气氛总是吵闹的,而且最热闹越好。而西方 的餐桌文化总是安静的。
In china
People begin to talk at the time they sit down, and they would keep talking during the whole dinner. Everybody at the table talking, drinking, eating, and enjoying the pulsating(活跃的) atmosphere. Noisy atmosphere can reflect the guests’ happiness from their hearts.

中西文化差异英文版

中西文化差异英文版

Cooking skills
Differences in wedding
Differences in painting
Differences in education
Chinese education
Western education
Teaching style
The standard of evaluating
But in most west countries; people live in a easy and happy
lives They get up late and go to work late too; they go to pubs; bars to have a rest after they finish their work; they enjoy their holidays; they seldom go to work during the weekend if you go to west countries; you can take part in their joyful night life
Culture differences between China and western
As we all know that
there are many
differences between
The culture
China and
includes many
Western;and I think the things;such as
Differences in thinking
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
THANKS
Differences in living style

中西文化比较 第2版 unit 2 The Chinese and Western Language

中西文化比较 第2版 unit 2 The Chinese and Western Language
6
① This game is a variant of baseball. 这种运动是由棒球演变而来的。
② There are so many variant spellings of his name. 他的名字有很多不同的拼写形式。
Text A
Notes 3. Mandarin n.
the standard form of Chinese, which is the official language of China
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① In this grim little episode of recent American history, few people come out well. 在美国近代史上这一小段阴暗时期,很少有人能有好 的结果。
② The final episode will be shown next Sunday. 下周日将播出最后一集。
② The characters in that novel speak a Yorkshire dialect. 那部小说里的人物讲的是一种约克郡方言。
5
Text A
Notes 2. variant n./adj.
① something a little different from others of the same type ② differing from a norm or standard
① My special guest will be comedian Ben Elton. 我的特邀嘉宾将是喜剧演员本·艾尔顿。
② I’m going to write good jokes and become a good comedian. 我打算写一些精彩的笑话,成为出色的喜剧作家。

中西方文化比较chapter 2 language, culure, thought

中西方文化比较chapter 2 language, culure, thought
(Time Order 时间先后)
他人老 心不老。
Although he has aged physically, he remains young at heart.
19




跑得了和尚,跑不了庙. The monks may run away, but the temple cannot run away with him. 一个英国人,不会说中国话,有一次在中国旅行. An Englishman who could not speak Chinese was once traveling in China. 那太阳,整天躲在云层里,现在又光芒四射了. The sun, which had hidden all day, now came out in full splendor.
17
汉英语言的差异反应出来的思维差异



英语重形合:句子结构非常严谨,注重时态变化, 词形变化,句子中各个成分的结合是用关联词语来 表达其相互关系的 汉语重意合:句子结构比较简洁,少用连接手段, 句子看上去松散,缺乏明显的外在逻辑联系,通过 句子内在的意义将句群连在一起。 Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者,事竟成。
枝型的。” — 钱学森
4
Chinese Mode
Ethical Synthetic 伦理型 整体性 Cognitive
Western Mode
认知型 分析性
Analytical
Intentional
Intuitive
意向性
直觉性
Objective
Logical
对象性
逻辑性

2 英汉国俗语言对比

2 英汉国俗语言对比

“acase of dog eat dog”,指残酷无情的竞争,自相残杀; ,指残酷无情的竞争,自相残杀; “ a dog in the manger”,狗占马槽,比喻占着茅坑不 ,狗占马槽, 拉屎的人; 拉屎的人; “lead a dog’s life”,过着牛马不如的生活; ,过着牛马不如的生活; “treat sb.1ike a dog”,比喻视某人如草芥,不当 . ,比喻视某人如草芥, 人看; 人看; 形容人装腔作势, “put Oil the dog”形容人装腔作势,摆架子。 形容人装腔作势 摆架子。 指老年人, “an old dog”指老年人, 指老年人 指聪明伶俐的人, “a jolly dog”指聪明伶俐的人, 指聪明伶俐的人 指快活的人, “a gay dog”指快活的人, 指快活的人 指要人或看门的人、 “a big dog”指要人或看门的人、保镖, 指要人或看门的人 保镖, “a sly dog”指行为失检的人或偷鸡摸狗 指行为失检的人或偷鸡摸狗 指卑鄙可耻的人或狗杂种, “a yellow dog”指卑鄙可耻的人或狗杂种, 指卑鄙可耻的人或狗杂种 指一位老水手, “a sea dog”指一位老水手, 指一位老水手 指聪明的孩子或年轻人。 “a clever dog”指聪明的孩子或年轻人。 指聪明的孩子或年轻人
鼠:喻指微小且无足轻重的事物,指小偷小摸的 喻指微小且无足轻重的事物, 习性或行为,或喻指庸人、小人,多含贬义,例如: 习性或行为,或喻指庸人、小人,多含贬义,例如: 胆小如鼠” 抱头鼠窜、奉头鼠窜” “胆小如鼠”、“抱头鼠窜、奉头鼠窜”、“鼠目寸 鸡肠鼠肚” 贼眉鼠眼” 光”、“鸡肠鼠肚”、“贼眉鼠眼”。 英语中,鼠多作贬义或戏谑语,喻羞怯、 英语中,鼠多作贬义或戏谑语,喻羞怯、胆小之 人,例, “His son,a strange little mouse,never said , , anything”, , 译为“他的儿子胆小如鼠,竟然一句话都没说” 译为“他的儿子胆小如鼠,竟然一句话都没说”。 胆小如鼠)。 “as timid as a mouse”(胆小如鼠 。又 胆小如鼠 不出声、 如“as quite as a mouse”(不出声、无声响 不出声 无声响) 中西文化中,老鼠都有胆小的形象特征, 中西文化中,老鼠都有胆小的形象特征,鼠都 作贬义使用,代表着卑怯等不良形象。 作贬义使用,代表着卑怯等不良形象。

第二章中西文化差异、汉英语言、句法、篇章对比

第二章中西文化差异、汉英语言、句法、篇章对比

第二章汉英翻译基础知识汉英翻译与文化1.文化的定义♦现代汉语词典♦OALED (Oxford Advanced Learner‟s English-Chinese Dictionary)♦美国著名翻译理论家尤金·奈达将语言文化特性分五类:1.Ecology生态学2.Material Culture物质文化3.Social Culture社会文化4.Religious Culture宗教文化5.Linguistic Culture语言文化♦文化是人类在社会历史发展中所创造的物质财富和精神财富的总和.2.文化、语言与汉英翻译的关系♦Some social scientists regard language as a keystone of culture. Language reflects culture. Without language, culture would not be possible.♦On the other hand, language is influenced and shaped by culture. In the broadest sense, language is the symbolic representation of a people, and it comprises their historical and cultural backgrounds as well as the approach to life and their ways of living and thinking.That's to say, language and culture interact. They can't be separated from each other.♦王佐良说:­翻译者必须是一个真正意义的文化人。

不了解语言当中的社会文化,谁也无法真正掌握语言。

第二讲-汉英文化对比与翻译

第二讲-汉英文化对比与翻译
机在其中。机不可设,设则不中。
教学内容:
1. 文化概论 2. 中西文化对比 3. 汉英思维方式对比 4. 文化因素对翻译的影响 5. 文化的可译性限度 6. 文化与翻译 7. 语篇翻译练习与讲解
1. 文化概论
(1)文化的概念 Culture is succinctly defined as “the totality of beliefs and
--Eugene Nida: Language, Culture and Translating, 1993
“the way of life and its manifestations that are peculiar to a community that uses a particular language as its means of expression”
(3)文化系统
1)技术――经济系统 2)社会系统 3)观念系统 4)语言系统(柯平,1993:77)
(4)文化层次
文化系统结构有四个层次(Strata of culture) : 1)物质形态层(material stratum) 2)典章制度层(institutional stratum) 3)行为习俗层(behavioral and customary stratum) 4)心理或心智活动层(mental stratum) (刘宓庆,1999:33)
practices of a society.” "that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief,
art, morals, law, customs, and many other capabilities and habits acquired by...[members] of society.“
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Small c culture (behavior culture) means the way
of life of a people, including values, beliefs, and perceptions. “第二种文化”、”广义的文化”、 “普通文化”、“交际文化” Culture as a set of traits (胡文仲)
中国人重“统一”;英美人重“对立”。 “顺向思维” 与 “逆向思维”
您(先)请!
After you. 可来自我们已说到故事的后面去了。 But
we are getting ahead of the story. 前事不忘,后事之师。 Past experiences, if not forgotten, is a guide for the future. (Lessons learned from the past can serve as a guide in the future.)
第二节
词汇中的文化
语法中的文化 成语中的文化
语言中的文化解析
语用中的文化
语言和文化差异在很大程度上源于心
理文化的差异,而在心理文化中,对 语言文化转换最具阻力的是思维方式。 中国文化属于人文文化,西方文化属 于科学文化。 中国文化重在求善,西方文化重在求 真。
中英思维方式对比
Hoist your sail when the wind is fair. Still waters run deep. In a calm sea, every man is a pilot. A small leak will sink a great ship. a sea of debt a sea of smiles at sea between the devil and the deep sea
文化的广狭之分
Big C culture (achievement culture) refers to such
things as education, history, geography, institutions, literature, art, music, etc. “第一种文 化”、”狭义的文化”、”正式文化”、”知识文 化”。 Culture as ‘high civilization’ (胡文仲)
文化语言学的分类法
物质文化(material culture)
制度文化(institutional culture)
精神文化( mental culture):心理文
化和观念文化
奈达的分类
Ecology 生态文化
Material Culture 物质文化
Social Culture 社会文化
徐迟
“枯叶蝴蝶”
它收敛了它的花纹、图案,隐藏了它的粉墨、彩色,
逸出了繁华的花丛,停止了它翱翔的姿态,变成了 一张憔悴的,干枯了的,甚至不是枯黄的,而是枯 槁额,如同死灰颜色的枯叶。
When it gathers its wings full of exquisite
patterns, it conceals its beautiful colors. When if flutters out from a cluster of blooming flight, it turns into a dried leaf, not even of a withering yellow, but of a deathly grey.
第2讲
汉英文化比较
第一节
文化和语言的关系
文化的定义:共有近三百多种定义,不同角
度 涵盖面最广、最精确的是Edward Tylor 1871 年在《原始文化》一书中提出的:“所谓文 化和文明乃是包括知识、信仰、艺术、道德、 法律、习俗以及包括作为社会成员的个人而 获得的其他任何能力、习惯在内的一种综合 体。” “That complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”
中国人注重伦理(ethics),英美人注重认知
(cognition)。 中国人重整体(integrity)、偏重综合性 (synthetic)思维,英美人重个体(individuality)、 偏重分析性(analytic)思维。 中国人重直觉(intuition),英美人重实证 (evidence)。 中国人重形象思维(figurative thinking),英 美人重逻辑思维(logical thinking)。
登幽州台歌
(陈子昂)
前不见古人, 后不见来者。 念天地之悠悠, 独怆然而涕下。
Looking back, I do not see
the ancients, Looking ahead, I can’t see the wise ones to come. Brooding on the endless universe, Alone, in my sorrow, tears stream down.
Religious Culture 宗教文化
Linguistic Culture 语言文化
中英文化差异
The Loess & The Blue Sea &
Agriculture-based culture 黄土、农耕文明
槁木死灰

Commodity-based culture 海洋、商业文明
骨瘦如柴 对牛弹琴 滚石不生苔 众人拾柴火焰高 竹篮打水一场空 挥金如土
海阔天空、海市蜃楼、海角天涯、海外奇谈、
海底捞针
语言和文化密不可分
语言是文化的一部分,文化又无时无刻影响
着语言 语言是文化的载体,又是文化的写照 语言文字当中,处处都打有文化的烙印,语 言活动过程中,时时可觅见文化的踪迹
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