中国文化术语翻译

Unit 1焚书坑儒burn books and bury Confucian scholars alive牛郎织女the Cowherd and the Girl Weaver or the Cow Herder and the Weaver Maid封建礼教feudal ethical codes善有善报，恶有恶报Good will be rewarded with good and evil repaid with evil《山海经》Classics of Mountians and seas精卫填海Jingwei Determines to fill up the seaUnit 2饮食疗法dietotherapy or food therapy色香味color, aroma and taste美食家gourmet南甜北咸东辣西酸Sweet in the south, salty in the north, sour in the west and spicy in the east.中国四大菜系Grand Four Categories of Chinese Cuisine八大菜系eight main schools of Chineses Cuisine点心Dim Sum鉴别诊断differential diagnosis礼仪之邦land of ceremony and propriety良药苦口Good medicine tastes bitter.控制阴阳失调to conterbalance the Yin-yang disequilibriumUnit 3衣食住行clothing, food, shelter and transportation曲裾curving-front robe直裾straight-front robe战国时期Warring States Period男女授受不亲to avoid close contact of the male and the female唐装Tang Costume盘扣buttonhole loop玉珮jade ornamentUnit 4道家四象the four Taoist quadrants风水先生 a geomancer皇陵the imperial mausoleum宗庙或祠堂the ancestral temple天坛the Temple of Heaven塔pagoda莫高窟the Mogao Grottoes天人合一unity of Heaven and man拙政园Humble Administrattor's Garden卢沟桥的狮子数不清The lions on the Lugouqiao are uncountableUnit 5世界遗产名录List of World Heritage金丝猴golden snub-nosed monkey人间仙境Fairy Land on Earth五岳Five Sacred Mountains有眼不识泰山One who fails to recognize a somebody has been compared to a person unable to see Mt.Tai.稳如泰山as stable as Mt. Tai会当凌绝顶，一览众山小Only by ascending Mt. Tai will you find how dwarfish all mountains under heaven are.五岳归来不看山，黄山归来不看岳I find it no longer worth my while to look at a mountain after visiting the five sacred mountains. No longer do I find it worth my while to look at the sacred five after returning from Huangshan.四川大熊猫自然保护区Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries云南三江并流Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas国家风景区National seenic area桂林山水甲天下The scenery in Guilin is unparalleled in the world( or topped all under heaven)阳朔山水甲桂林The montains and waters in Yangshuo are even better than those in Guilin.Unit 6烽火台beacon tower天下第一关the World’s First Pass故宫the Palace Museum（the Forbidden City）秦始皇陵Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor《史记》The Historical Records兵马俑Terra cotta legions释迦牟尼Sakyamuni（皇帝）登基ascend the throne腐败无能的政府corrupt and impotent government天圆地方round Heaven and square EarthUnit 7春节the Spring Festival元宵节the Lantern Festival清明节Tomb Sweeping Day or the Clear Bright Festival端午节the Dragon Boat Festival中秋节the Mid-Autumn Festival重阳节the Double Ninth Festival泼水节Water Sprinkling Festival那达慕the Nadam Fair火把节the Torch Festival阴历the lunar calendar公历Gregorian calendar年糕sticky cakes红包lucky money in little red envelopes春联spring couplets年画New Year pictures舞狮Lion Dances闰月an intercalary month年饭the New Year feast元宵glutinous rice dumplings stuffed with various sweet fillings赛龙舟dragon boat races粽子pyramid-shaped dumplings with glutinous rice吉祥话auspicious messages秋分the autumn equinox月饼moon cake《易经》I-Ching (the Book of Changes)登高节Height Ascending Festival赏菊enjoying the flourishing chrysanthemum中国生肖the Chinese zodiac五行the Five Elements算命fortune telling护身符talismans相手术palmistry相面face reading皇道吉日之类的almanacs红色等同于财富Red is synonymous with wealth.火化cremation避邪to avoid epidemies七夕节the Double Seventh Festival礼轻情意重 A gift may be insignificant, but it carries tremendous friendship Unit 8绢花silk flower漆器lacquer wares景泰蓝cloisonné enamel青铜器bronze wares唐三彩the Tang tricolor ceramics盆景bonsai司线戊方鼎Simuwu Quadripod陶器earthenware新石器时代the Neolithic Age刺绣embroidery钟鼎文inscription甲骨文tortoise shell script青花瓷the blue and white porcelainUnit 9岁寒三友three friends of winter君子四艺the four skills of a learned scholar to pursue挂轴hanging scroll工笔画gongbi or meticulous brushwork山水画landscape painting国粹quintessence of Chinese culture小篆the Small Seal Script隶书the Official Script草书the Cursive Script行书the Running Script楷书the Regular Script文房四宝four treasures of the study花鸟图flower and bird painting出淤泥而不染come out of the mire without being sneared Unit 10《赵氏孤儿》An Orphan of the Zhao Family《15贯》 Fifteen Strings of Coppers《空城计》 The Ruse of an Empty City《白蛇传》The Story of a White Snake《贵妃醉酒》The Drunken Concubine《岳母刺字》Yuefei’s Mother Tattooing His Back《打渔杀家》Fisherman’s Revenge《二进宫》Entering the Palace for the Second Time《霸王别姬》Farewell My Concubine《群英会》Gathering of Heroes《乌盆记》The Story of the Black Basin《宝莲灯》The Lotus Lantern《智取威虎山》Takeover of Tiger Mountain四大名旦Four Major Dan Roles梵语SanskritUnit 11中医TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine)望observation闻auscultation and olfaction问interrogation切pulse feeling and palpation经络channels or meridian中草药herbal medicine针灸acupuncture艾灼moxibustion拔罐cupping推拿massage刮痧guasha五行相生结构：金水木火土The Generating cycleMetal produces water, water nourishes wood, wood fuels fire, fire makes earth, earth yields metal.五行相克结构：金木土水火The Regulating CycleMetal can cut wood, wood can contain earth, earth can absorb water, water can extinguish fire, fire can melt metal.Unit 15九歌Nine Songs木兰辞the Ballad of Mulan《西厢记》The West Chamber《诗经》The Book of Songs《离骚》Lament of Encountering Sorrow or Sorrow after departure《孔雀东南飞》Southeast the peacock flies《全唐诗》The complete Anthology of the Tang Dynasty初唐四杰the four preeminent poets of the early Tang Dynasty诗仙the Immortal of Poems诗圣Sage of the Poems山水田园诗人pastoral poets边塞诗人frontier poets熟读唐诗三百首，不会作诗也会吟。