[新概念英语语法详解大全].学习笔记

Let’s 包括说话者

Let us 不包括说话者

以”S”结尾仍为单数的名词

1.maths, politics, physics

2.news

3.the Chinese States, the United Nations

8:20 eight twenty/twenty past eight

6:47 six forty-seven/thirteen to seven

动词过去式

清辅音后读“-t”

In+年/月

On+具体天

At+具体时刻

A lot of (lots of) +不可数

可数

Have been to a place 去过

Have gone to a place 在那个地方或正在去的地方

Too+adj.+for sb. to do sth

对某人太…以致于不能…

Sb.+be+too+adj.+to do sth.

某人太…以致于不能…

If从句+一般现在时，主句+一般将来时

What a thing to say

多么难听的话

小品词

与动词搭配的介词和副词

A full meal

吃饱

在if条件句中不能用will/shall

在条件句中，用现在时表示将来时

Have to

客观的要求或外在的原因

Have got to

Must 主观的要求或表示说话的人认为自己做某事

在表达难道你能不能（做…）含义时，一般用Must you?句型

Have后面可跟宾语+不带to的动词不定式，宾语+动名词，或宾语+过去分词

Fool around (with) 闲游取乐

Drive the sleep home 把羊赶回家

在说明或询问人或物等存在时用there be结构，在用there表示过存在之后，就必须用it或人称代词做进一步说明

Be used to: be accustomed to 习惯于

Used to 过去的习惯，现在已近不存在了。后面常常由but now, but not..., any more/any longer等构成

Mountain range

山脉

Little 否定，有几乎一点也没有的含义

+不可数名词

A little 肯定，有some的含义

Few 否定

+复数名词

A few 肯定

Little的比较级为less，few的比较级为fewer

If+一般过去时，主句would/could等+动词原形，表示与现在事实相反

If+过去完成时，主句would/could等+have+过去分词，表示与过去事实相反

Must+不定式完成时，表示说话人对过去时态的推测

Have+名词代替普通动词表示完成该动作

Prefer death to surrender

宁死不屈

Meet with little opposition

遇到很小的阻力

后跟动名词的动词和结构

Avoid, admit, deny, fancy, finish, enjoy, mind, suggest, stand

Busy, worth, it is no/little use, bored with, interested in, insist on, prevent…from…

与for连用的形容词

Eager, enough, ready, sorry, famous

与with连用的形容词

Enjoy, busy, content, popular

与of连用的形容词

Afraid, aware, unaware, careful, certain, kind, north, south, east, west, short, shy, sure

与to连用的形容词

Close, cruel, dear, new, obvious, polite, sensitive, rude, useful, similar

与at连用的形容词

Good, bad, clever, expect, quick, slow

与from连用的形容词

Away, different, far, safe

与in连用的形容词

Fortunate, honest, weak

与on连用的形容词

Dependent, intent, keen

与about连用的形容词

Curious, doubtful, right, uneasy

Must have done 对过去的肯定推测，表示必然，一定

Can’t/couldn’t have done…否定推测

Must+动词原形肯定句

对现在情况的推测

Can’t 动词原形否定句

需要倒装的情况

否定词或具有否定意义的副词+助动词+主语+句子的其他部分Never, rarely, seldom, little, on no account

与only构成的词组置于句首时

So+形容词（…that…）和such（…that…）引导的句子

Prefer:

Prefer +动名词/名词+to+动名词/名词

Prefer to +动词原形+rather than+动词原形

Make在被动句中，后面需要接带to的不定式做补语

Have sth. done 某事让别人来做

Have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事

在wish/短语if only使用中，

用过去时态表示现在

过去完成时态表示过去

与would/could连用时表示一般愿望或未来

Would rather/would sooner+不带to的动词不定式

表示个人选择，或谈论他人的选择，可以指现在，也可以指过去

表示全部否定：

No, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere, neither, never

Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.

世上无难事，只怕有心人

代词或副词如all, both, every, everyone, everybody, everything, many, everyday, everywhere, always, often, completely, entirely等与not连用表示部分否定

Was able to do sth. 不但有能力做某事，而且做到了

Could只表示有能力，但不表示做到了

介词+wh-从句：放在介词的后面作介词宾语

In what 因为

But that 要不是

Except that 除外

Before作连词引导时间状语从句，表示时间的先后顺序。如果其主句谓语动词为将来时，从句用一般现在时。如果主句为一般过去时或过去完成时，从句则用一般过去时

It is/was not until …that…直到…才

如果表示某事从发生到现在值钱的某一时刻，则不用ago，而用before或previously，并且用于过去完成时时态

Fat food

脂肪高的食物

Do more with less money

少花钱多做事

Superior/inferior to优于/低于

Prior/posterior to 先于/后于

Senior/junior to 年长的/年幼的，地位较高的/地位低下的

在after, before, since, on和in之后不能直接跟过去分词，而要用being+过去分词或having been+过去分词的用法

He was not man enough

Play individual markets off against each other

挑起单个市场相互竞争

Once与now that引导的从句需要用现在完成时

No sooner…than/hardly(scarcely)…when

这几个结构都表示刚…就…，表示从句与主句动作相继发生，主句动词需要用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时

Be+of+抽象名词结构相当于该抽象名词相应的形容词

在条件状语从句中，表示对将来的推测一般不用将来时态，而是用现在时态

Remember to do sth 记住要做sth

Doing sth 记住做过sth

Regret to do sth 遗憾sth

Doing sth 后悔sth

Try to do sth 尽力sth

Doing sth 试着sth

Forget to do sth 忘记要做sth

Doing sth 忘记做过sth

Stop to do sth 停下来去做sth

Doing sth 停止做sth

Before引导的从句的动作发生在主句动作之后，如果从句为过去时，主句要用过去完成时After引导的从句动作发生在主句动作之前，与before引导的从句相反，如果从句用过去完成时，主句用过去时

As soon as, before, by the time, th emoment, immediately, till, until, when等引导的时间状语从句如果表示将来时，需要用现在时代替将来时，现在完成时代替将来完成时

Time-tested

久经考验的

A walking encyclopedia

活的百科全书

Hair stand on end

毛骨悚然

几种副词同时出现，通常的次序为方式副词，地点副词和时间副词

Pull a muscle

肌肉拉伤

Beyongd all hope 毫无希望

Beyongd comprehension 不可理解

Beyongd doubt 不容置疑

Beyongd comparison 无以伦比

Beyongd dispute 无可争议

Beyongd control 难以控制

Beyongd belief 难以置信

Beyond question 无可争辩

Beyond praise 赞美不尽

Beyongd reach 够不着

Might have/could have+过去分词

过去可能发生而没有发生的事情

Might/may+have+过去分词某事在过去发生，但不确定是否发生过

Might not+have或may not+have+过去分词

表示可能过去某件事不是那么回事或不曾发生

《英语语法大全(完全版)

v1.0可编辑可修改语法 1. 5种类型的谓语 1326 在一个完整的句子中，主语之外的部分称为谓语，- 谓语。第一类包含一个不及物动词（IV）: He came My wife cried 第二类包含一个及物动词及其宾语（TV+ O : Joh n likes me . His un cle wrote letters 第三类包含一个双宾动词、一个间接宾语和一个直接宾语（They teach me En glish . I bought Mary sugar . 第四类包含一个系动词及主语补语（LV+ C）: He is a teacher . She looks sad . 第五类包含一个宾补动词、宾语及宾语补语（FV+ C+ C）: 5种类型的DV+IO+DC :

v1.0可编辑可修改We made him king . She left the house dirty 1.基本成分 1302 根据其结构，句子可以分为5类： a.主语+ 不及物动词 Joh n came. (S)(IV) b.主语+ 及物动词+宾语 Joh n likes oranges . (S) (TV) (O) c.主语+ 双宾动词+ 间接兵语+直接宾语 Joh n gave Mary books . (S)(DV (10)(DO

d.主语+ 系动词+ 主语补语 Joh n is happy . (S)(LV)(SC e.主语+ 宾补动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补语 Joh n makes Mary angry . (S)(FV) ( O)(OC 主语、不及物动词、及物动词、双宾动词、系动词、宾补动词、宾语及补语可以称为基本句子成分。在上面的句子中，如把任何一个成分删除，都会成为病句。从上面例句也可看出，完整的句子一般至少包含2个基本成分，至多4个基本成分。 2 ?附属成分 1303 基本成分可以加修饰语：1）定语（即用来修饰名词的单词、短语或从句）或2）状语（即用来修饰名词或代词以外的词的单词、短语或从句）。下面例句中，修饰语为斜体字，被修饰的词为黑体字： 1）Poor John tottered toward a hospital nearby . John likes oranges imported from the U . S..

初二英语语法总结

初二英语语法总结 1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如： When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？ 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如： Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如： Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？ 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用 should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？ Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？ should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如： We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。我们在使用时要注意以下几点： 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如： You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如： You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如： We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 3) What...? 与 Which...? 1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如：What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？该句相当于： What does your father do?

英语学习之名词短语

英语句子的核心组成部分——名词短语(noun phrase，简称NP)。从一开始就搞清楚名词短语的构造规则，对于今后的英语学习将是非常重要的。一、名词短语the core element of a sentence 英语中，短语有很多类，比如动词短语(have been doing)、介词短语(for you)、名词短语(my best friend)等等。其中名词短语最为重要，它是英语造句中不可或缺的元素。 1、名词短语的功能名词短语的简单定义：名词与它的修饰语一起即构成名词短语。先来看几个简单的例子： ①These red roses are for you . 译：这些红玫瑰是送给你的。名词短语these red roses在句中充当主语。 ②I have three close friend . 译：我有三个要好的朋友。名词短语three close friend在句中充当宾语。 ③He is my best friend . 译：他是我最好的朋友。名词短语my best friend在句中充当表语。 ④There are some red roses on that small table .

译：在那张小餐桌上有一些红玫瑰。名词短语some red roses在句中充当主语；名词短语that small table在句中充当介词on的宾语。以上例句中的名词短语，都包含在英语句子和文章中。可以充当句子中的各个成分。 ※注意：英文中的介词不能单独使用，其后面必须接宾语，所接的宾语往往是名词短语(如例句4)。 the bird in the tree树上的那只小鸟 the map on the wall墙上的地图 the development of China中国的发展 the standard of living生活水平 the south side of the Changjiang river长江南岸 the way to the hotel去旅馆的路 the life in the future未来的生活名词短语有如此重要的作用，那么这么重要的句子构成要素是怎样构成的呢？下面来详细总结它的构造规律。 2、名词短语的构造名词短语由名词与它的修饰语一起构成。

现代英语语法历年真题汇总2(打印版)

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大学英语语法大全_太经典了

大学英语语法学习提纲一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如： I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如： He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)

自考现代英语语法学习笔记--名词和名词短语

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