2013年12月大学英语四级改革新题型段落翻译题
大学英语四级新题型“段落翻译”探析

大学英语四级新题型“段落翻译”探析作者:张英萍来源:《考试周刊》2014年第07期摘要:从2013年12月开始,大学英语四级考试中的翻译题部分发生了巨大改革,由原来完成句子翻译改为整个段落的翻译,此改革表明原来的知识型考核转为能力型考核。
因此了解其变化和要求,掌握一定的翻译技巧具有重要意义。
关键词:段落翻译新题型翻译技巧从2013年12月开始,大学英语四级考试中的翻译题部分发生了巨大改革,由原来完成句子翻译改为整个段落的翻译,此改革表明原来的知识型考核转为能力型考核。
这对于很少练习翻译的考生来说很可能会成为失分的地方,因此了解其变化和要求,掌握一定的翻译技巧具有重要意义。
一、变化原四级翻译只是单纯地完成句子,相对来说,简单得多,只要观察判断整个句子,然后根据所学英语知识中的句型结构、语法,翻译给出的汉语,就能完整准确地完成句子。
但现在则改为段落翻译,具体变化如下:1.其分值比例由原来的5%调整为15%。
2.考试时长由原来的5分钟调整为30分钟。
3.内容:涉及中国历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。
4.要求:四级长度为140~160个汉字。
5.评分标准。
二、特点与要求以前的大学英语四级考试大纲中并未将翻译作为一个独立技能考核,翻译部分主要考核学生运用正确词汇和语法结构的能力,反映在题型上只是根据给出的英语句子和汉语内容完成句子。
现在由单句翻译改为段落翻译,其内容涉及中国历史、文化、经济、社会发展等,明显提高了对翻译能力的要求,从对知识“点”的考查转变为对知识“面”的考查,这不仅要求考生按照英语语言结构与思维翻译出整个段落,而且对学生的考核要求也相应拓宽、加深了,不再单一考查学生所学的词汇和语法基础等英语知识,而是考查学生对中国历史、文化、经济、社会发展、风俗习惯等的学习和了解;考查学生对合理拆分、组合句子,将汉语所承载的信息用英语表达出来的能力;考查学生对翻译技巧与方法的掌握。
总之,改革后的段落翻译是对学生进行英语知识、翻译能力、中国文化的学习等多方位、多层面的考查。
历年英语四级翻译真题及答案

2013 年12 月:段落翻译:试卷二:中餐【真题原文】许多人喜欢中餐,在中国,烹饪不仅被视为一种技能,而且也被视为一种艺术。
精心准备的中餐既可口又好看,烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。
但好的烹饪都有一个共同点,总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nUtntion)。
由于食物对健康至关重要,好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡,所以屮餐既味美又健康。
【翻译答案】MOSt PeOPIe Iike Chinese food. InChina, COOking is ConSidered as not only a Skill but also an art. The WelI-PrePared Chinese food is both delicious and good-looking. AlthOUgh COOking methods and food ingredient Vary WiIdly in different PIaCeS Of China, it is COmmOn for good CUiSine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. SinCe food is CrUCial to health, a good Chef is inSiStentIy trying to Seek balance between Cereal) meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as WeIl as healthy.试卷二:信息技术【真题原文】信息技术(InfOrmatiOn Technology),正在飞速发展,中国公民也越来越重视信息技术,有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程,对这一现象大家持不同观点。
一部分人认为这是没有必要的,学生就应该学习传统的课程。
2013年12月英语四级改革后新题型汉译英

1. 挖掘考点:由样题可以看出,翻译题越来越重视中国的历史、文化,也就是越来越接地气。
所以,建议考生有意识的积累和背诵一些和中国节日、历史事件、经济和社会发展相关的词汇。
关注以反映中国社会为主的一些英文杂志和报纸。
例如中国日报及其网站。
大家每天看看网站中头条新闻,配合中文新闻的背景,就可以学到很多表达。
推荐一个中国日报网站下面的一个小栏目:language tips,有大量简单实用的双语文章。
2. 实战演练:【汉译英1】波士顿咨询公司最近做的一项研究显示,到2020年中国将会有2.2亿家庭收入在2万到100万美元的富裕消费者。
这些消费者中75%住在“较小城市”。
随着网络的发展,较小城市的消费者的一种必然趋势是他们更加依赖社交网络服务上的信息。
很多网络顾客都是通过微信、微博和QQ空间分组的。
据估计今年中国将会有2.5亿消费者进行网购,位于四线城市的消费者平均每人会花费他们50%或者更高的工资在网购上,这一数据要比一线城市的消费者的花费高。
【参考译文】A recent study conducted by the Boston Consulting Group says there will be 220 million affluent consumers, who are from households earning between $ 20,000 to $ 1 million, in China by 2020, and 75 percent of them will live in “smaller” cities. With the development of the Internet, an inevitable trend among these consumers is they are much more dependent on information from social networking services. Many of the website’s customers are “grouped” by Wechat, Weibo and QQ Zones. It is now estimated that 250 million Chinese consumers will shop online this year and the average shopper in a fourth-tier city in China will spend 50 percent or more of their income on e-commerce than those in top-tier cities.【汉译英2】聘金是中国传统习俗的一部分。
2013年12月改革后四六级段落翻译

1、为了切实保护儿童权益,中国的立法、司法、政府各有关部门以及社会团体都建立了相应的机制,以监督、实施和促进保护儿童事业的健康发展。
// 中国政府动员社会采取多种方式关心和帮助残疾儿童的成长,大力弘扬残疾儿童自强不息的精神,倡导团结、友爱、互助的道德风尚。
// 中国民族素有“携幼”,“爱幼”的传统美德,中国古语“有无有以及人之幼”了流传至今。
// 我们要在全社会倡导树立“爱护儿童、教育儿童、为儿童做表率、为儿童办实事”的公民意识,并努力为儿童事业的发展创造良好的社会条件。
//To effectively protect children’s rightsand interests, china’s legislation, judicial and government departmentsconcerned as well as non-governmental organizations have set up correspondingmechanisms to supervise, facilitate and promote the healthy development of thework on protecting children.// The Chinese government has done a great deal tomobilize various circles in society to care for, in various manners , thedevelopment of disabled children, to greatly encourage the spirit of unceasingself-improvement among physically disadvantaged children and to advocate thevalued social virtues of unity, friendship and mutual aid.// The Chinese nationhas long cultivated the traditional virtues of “bring up the young” and caringfor the young”. An old Chinese saying that “love our children and love others’children in the same manner” is still very popular.// We should urge thesociety at large to raise the awareness of importance of “protecting andeducating children, and setting a good example and doing practical thing forchildren”. We will spare no efforts to create favorable social conditions forthe progress of child development programs.//2、中国将进一步发展经济、扩大开放,这对海外企业(enterprises)意味着更多的商机。
2013年12月四级考试试题、原文翻译及答案解析

第一张Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks。
You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage。
Read the passage through carefully before making your choices。
Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter, Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once。
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage。
What does it take to be a well—trained nurse? The answer used to be two—year associate's or four—year bachelor’s degree programs。
But as the nursing shortage 36 , a growing number of schools and hospitals are establishing ”fast—track programs" that enable college graduates with no nursing 37 to become registered nurses with only a year or so of 38 training。
大学英语四级2013改革后新题型_段落翻译_练习题_答案_评分标准

以蛇宴闻名遐迩的蛇餐馆,已有80多年历史, 天天宾客盈门,座无虚席。 The Snake Restaurant that has a history of over 80 years is famous all over the world for its snake dinner. Every day the restaurant is crowded with diners(用餐者) and it is often difficult to find an empty table.
前途是光明的,道路是曲折的 Despite twists and turns on the road ahead, the future is bright. While the prospects are bright, the road has twists and turns. The road is tortuous, but the future is bright.
通过举办文化节,许多中国城市在世界上的知名度 (prestige)提高了。 Through culture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world. (减译-举 办) Through hosting culture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world. 失业现象—unemployment 暴力手段---violence
人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。特别是在春节 和婚庆期间,剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间, 以增加喜庆的气氛。 People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings. During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms in order to enhance the joyous atmosphere.
修改后大学英语四级2013_新题型_段落翻译_解题方法Az

The well -prepared Chinese food is tasty and good-looking.
【3】烹饪技术和配料在中国各地差别很大。
Cooking methods and ingredients vary greatly across China.
【4】但好的烹饪都有一个共同点,总是要考虑到颜色、
原文
Many people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is regarded not only as a kind of skill but also as a kind of art. Chinese food, which is prepared carefully, is both delicious and good looking. Cooking skills and ingredients differ greatly from place to place in China. However, good cooking shares one thing in common: color, taste, feel and nutrition are always under consideration. Since food is of vital importance to health, good cooks are always trying to be balanced with grain, meat, and vegetables. By contrast, Chinese food is delicious and healthy.
5分参考译文 Many people like Chinese food. Cooking is not only a skill but also it is a kind of art. It is delicious and beautiful that Chinese meals carefully prepared. It is differently in cooking and material beside in Chinese. But, good meals have a common point which color, teast and nutrition are though about. Then a good cooker is always trying their best to balance it from meat vegetables and so on. Therefore, Chinese meals are delicious and heathy. (划线句为正确句) 评语: 1. 译文仅表达一部分原文意思。存在用词不准确,语 言错误多等问题。所以定位为4-6分档译文。 2. 参照表2,本译文中划线句为正确句,仅一句,所 以最终定为5分译文。
2013年12月大学英语四级改革新题型翻译题专练(特别推荐)DOC

2013年12月大学英语四级改革新题型翻译题:(1)在我的生活里,我也尝试过很多次试着放手。
虽然,学会放手不会减轻生活里的伤痛或是改变什么,也不会让你的情绪得以发泄,也许你仍然会被生活所困。
然而,富有同情心是一种释放。
会让你和感受到你同情心的人得到精神上的洗礼。
当你对一切都富有同情心时,你会发挥自己最大潜力。
你也会在生活中觉得自己有无限的正能量。
(2)关于吃月饼这个传统的来历有两个传说。
一个是唐朝的神话故事,说的是当时地球被10个太阳包围着。
有一天10个太阳同时出现在天空中,巨大的热量几乎把地球烤焦了。
多亏一位名叫后羿的神箭手射下了9个太阳,地球才被保住。
为了奖励后羿,王母娘娘赐给后羿一种长生不老药,但是王母警告他必须正当使用。
然而后羿没有理会王母娘娘的警告,他被名利冲昏了头脑,变成了一个暴君。
后羿美丽的妻子嫦娥对他的暴行再也不能袖手旁观,于是她偷走了后羿的长生不老药,飞到月亮上逃避后羿的狂怒。
从此就有了关于月宫仙子嫦娥,这个月亮上的美丽女人的传说。
(3)和平稳定是发展的前提和基础。
上个世纪,人类经历了两次世界大战,生灵涂炭,经济社会发展遭受严重挫折。
第二次世界大战结束以来,世界经济能够快速增长,主要得益于相对和平稳定的国际环境。
我们应该恪守联合国宪章宗旨和原则,充分发挥联合国及其安理会在维护和平、缔造和平、建设和平方面的核心作用。
坚持通过对话和协商,以和平方式解决国际争端。
我们应该坚持国家不论大小、强弱、贫富都是国际社会平等一员,以民主、包容、合作、共赢的精神实现共同安全,做到一国内部的事情一国自主办、大家共同的事情大家商量办,坚定不移奉行多边主义和国际合作,推进国际关系民主化。
(4)总结一年来的工作,我们清醒地看到,经济社会发展中还存在不少问题和困难。
必须坚持把人民群众利益放在第一位。
要切实维护人民群众的经济、政治和文化权益,着力解决关系群众切身利益的突出问题,保障城乡困难群众的基本生活。
不断满足人们日益增长的物质文化需要,是社会主义现代化建设的根本目的。
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2013年12月大学英语四级改革新题型段落翻译题练习1Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)(原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。
翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。
四级长度为140-160个汉字。
)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国的传统节庆膳食是节日必不可少的伴侣。
例如,我国的端午节(the Dragon Boat Festival)是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。
那一天,人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子(zongzi)。
中秋节是观赏满月的日子。
圆圆的月亮象征着圆满,象征着家庭团聚。
因此,中秋节(The Mid-autumn Festival)的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。
春节是中国的农历新年(the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday),除了常见的家禽和肉类之外,人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制传统食物,如铰子和年糕。
参考答案Traditional Chinese holiday meals are indispensable on some festivals. For example, the Dragon Boat Festival is a day established in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan and people usually hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, or rice dumpling on that day. The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon. The round moon is a symbol for completeness and family reunion. The special food of the day is yuebing, a round cake known as the mooncake. The Spring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday. Besides the popular poultry and meat, peoplecook traditional food according to regional customs, for example, jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, and niangao, or the “1 ”new year cake .难点精析■1.中国的传统节庆膳食:翻译为Traditional Chinese holiday meals,其中“节庆膳食”直接译为holiday meals , 即可,翻译时注意“中国的”和“传统”的顺序。
2.纪念:翻译为介词短语in memory of,修饰前面的a day。
■3.赛龙舟:翻译为hold dragon boat races,其中hold意为“举行”,“举行龙舟比赛”即“赛龙舟”。
4.观赏满月:“满月”即fMlmoon,此处的“观赏”可以译为viewing,也可以用enjoying或watching表示。
5.象征着家庭团聚:“象征”翻译为系表结构is a symbol for,也可以用动词symbolize表示,“家庭团聚”翻译:为family reunion 即可。
练习2Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)(原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。
翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。
四级长度为140-160个汉字。
)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.北京有无数的胡同(hutong)。
平民百姓在胡同里的生活给古都北京带来了无穷的魅力。
北京的胡同不仅仅是平民百姓的生活环境,而且还是一门建筑艺术。
通常,胡同内有一个大杂院,房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20 口人住。
所以,胡同里的生活充满了友善和人情味。
如今,随着社会和经济的飞速发展,很多胡同被新的高楼大厦所取代。
但愿胡同可以保留下来。
参考答案In Beijing, there are numerous hutongs. The life of common people in hutongs brings endless charm to the ancient capital, Beijing. The hutong in Beijing is not only the living environment of common people but also a kind of architecture. Usually, there is a courtyard complex inside hutong, with rooms shared by 4 to 10 families of about 20 people. Therefore, life in hutongs is full of friendliness and genuine humanity. Nowadays, with rapid social and economic development, many hutongs are replaced by new tall buildings. I hope hutongs can be preserved.难点精析1.带来了无穷的魅力:翻译为bring endless charm to。
2.汉语习惯于用并列的散句或短语来表达一个语境,而英文习惯上用整句表述,句内不太重要的信息会用| 介词短语或从句来补充说明,如本段中“胡同内有一个大杂院,房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20口人住”是:两个并列关系的汉语短句,翻译成英文时可将第二句用with介词结构表达出来,起补充说明的作用。
3.充满友善和人情味:翻译为full of friendliness and genuine humanity。
4.随着社会和经济的飞速发展:翻译为with rapid social and economic development,也是with介词短语的应用,在句中作伴随状语。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.过去的七年,中国的房地产(real estate)业经历了前所未有的高速增长。
对于那些月薪较低却渴望在大城市拥有一套属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说,高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。
鉴于这一状况,政府近来采取了一系列的措施来防止房价过快增长,包括提高利率及增加房产税等。
目前,这些措施在部分城市已经取得了初步的成效。
参考答案In the past seven years, China’s real estate industry has developed in a record high speed. For those who earn less but are eager to own a decent and comfortable place of their own in a big city, the high housing price is a heavy burden that they cannot afford. For this reason, the government has taken a series of measures to prevent the housing price from rising too fast, including raising interest rates and increasing taxes on real estate etc. Presently, these measures have achieved initial effects in some cities.难点精析1.房地产业:翻译为real estate industry。
2.前所未有的高速增长:翻译为a record high speed。
3.鉴于这一状况:可以根据上下文的语境转译为for this reason。
4.采取一系列的措施:翻译为take a series of measures。
5.取得初步成效:翻译为achieve initial effects。
练习4Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)(原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。
翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。
四级长度为140-160个汉字。
)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.如今,越来越多的大学生抱怨很难找到好工作。
造成这一现象的原因如下:首先,大学生把在校的大多数时间都用在了专业学科学习上,只有当他们开始找工作的时候,才意识到自己缺乏必要的职业培训。
其次,大学生之间的竞争也越来越激烈,这导致任何一名大学生找到工作的机会都变小了。
因此,强烈建议大学生在课余时间做一些兼职工作,以积累相关的工作经验。
参考答案Nowadays, more and more university students complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job. The reasons for this phenomenon are as follows: First, college students spend most of their time at school studying academic subjects and it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training. Second, competition among graduates has become more and more fierce. And this results in a decreased chance for any individual graduate to find a job. Therefore, it is highly suggested that college students should do some part-time jobs in their spare time to accumulate relevant working experience.难点精析1.抱怨很难找到好工作:翻译为complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job。