西语专八常考的文学知识

西语专八常考的文学知识
西语专八常考的文学知识

西语专八常考的文学知识

一,中世纪(EDAD MEDIA)及中世纪后、黄金世纪(SIGLO DE ORO)前

1.《熙德之歌(El cantar de Mío Cid)》

2.《鲁卡诺尔伯爵(El Conde Lucanor)》

3.《塞莱斯蒂娜(La Celestina)》

4.《小癞子(El Lazarrillo de Tormes)》

二,黄金世纪(SIGLO DE ORO)

1.塞万提斯Cervantes(1547-1616)西班牙文学“三巨头”之一

2.贡戈拉Góngora(1561-1627)西班牙文学“三巨头”之一夸饰主义诗人《莱尔马公爵颂》

3.洛佩·德·维加Lope de Vega(1562-1635)西班牙文学“三巨头”之一戏剧家当时的名声远远超过塞万提斯,被称为“自然界的精灵”、“天才中的凤凰(fénix de los ingenios)”其创作题材包罗万象,主要门类:古史剧《亚历山大的丰功伟绩》,近史剧《羊泉村(Fuenteovejuna)》,外国剧《奥东帝国》,骑士剧《少年罗尔丹》,袍剑剧(描写人情世故和阴谋诡计)《谨慎的情人》,宗教剧《美丽的以撒》,牧歌剧《真正的爱人》,神话剧《克里特迷宫》,仆人剧《园丁之犬(El perro del hortelano)》。

4.盖维多Quevedo(1580-1645)警语主义诗人

5.莫利纳Tirso de Molina (1583?-1648)戏剧家

《塞维利亚的爱情骗子(El burlador de Sevilla)》是《唐璜(Don Juan)》的前身

6.卡尔德隆Calderón de la Barca(1600-1681)戏剧家在西班牙剧坛的地位仅次于洛佩

代表作《人生如梦(La vida es sue?o)》

三,19世纪的现实主义(Realismo)和浪漫主义(Romanticismo)20世纪初的98代(Generaci ón del 98),27代(Generación del 27)

1.Benito Pérez Galdós, Clarín(Leopoldo Alas),Vicente Blasco Ibá?ez

2.José de Espronceda, José Zorilla, Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer

4.Miguel de Unamuno, Pío Baroja, Azorín, Valle Inclán, Antonio Machado…

5.Juan Ramón Jiménez

6.Pedro Salinas, Jorge Guillén, Federico García Lorca, Rafael Alberti, Luis Cernuda

四,战后文学及现当代文学

现实主义

1.贝尼托?佩雷斯·加尔多斯Benito Pérez Galdós (1843-1920)世纪之交西班牙文坛最有影响的小说家

《两个女人的命运(Fortunata y Jacinta)》是其代表作。

2.克拉林(莱奥波尔多·阿拉斯) Clarín(Leopoldo Alas)(1852-1901)

著有长篇小说《庭长夫人(La Regenta)》

3.维森特·布拉斯科·依巴涅斯Vicente Blasco Ibá?ez(1867-1928)

代表作《血与沙(Sangre y arena)》。

4.佩德罗·安东尼奥·德·阿拉尔孔Pedro Antonio de Alarcón

著有中篇小说《三角帽(EL sombrero de tres picos)》。

浪漫主义

1.侯赛·德·埃斯普隆塞达Joséde Espronceda(1808-1842)

2.侯赛·索利亚JoséZorilla(1817-1893)

3.古斯塔沃·阿道夫·贝克尔Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer(1836-1870)

98代

阿索林Azorín(1874-1967)

皮奥·巴哈罗Pío Baroja(1872-1956)

米格尔才乌纳穆诺Miguel de Unamuno(1864-1936)

巴列·因克兰Valle Inclán(1866-1936)

安东尼奥·马查多Antonio Machado(1875-1939)

介于98代和27代

胡安·拉蒙·希梅内斯Juan Ramón Giménez(1881-1958)

《小银与我(Platero y yo)》

27代

费德里科·加西亚·洛尔卡Federico García Lorca(1898-1936)

豪尔赫·纪廉Jorge Guillén(1893-1934)

拉法埃尔·阿尔维蒂Rafael Alberti(1902- )

佩德罗·萨利纳斯Pedro Salinas(1891-1951)

路易斯·塞尔努达Luis Cernuda(1902-1963)

四、战后文学及现当代文学

1.卡米洛·侯赛·塞拉Camilo JoséCela(1916-2002)

代表作《帕斯瓜尔·杜阿尔特一家(La familia de Pascual Duarte)》

2.米盖尔·德里维斯Miguel Delibes(1920- )

代表作《与马里奥在一起的五个小时》

3.卡门·拉弗雷特Carmen Laforet(1921- )

代表作《一无所获(nada)》

4.安娜·玛丽娅·马图特Ana María Matute(1926- )

代表作《初忆》

5.爱德华多·门多萨Eduardo Mendoza

代表作《萨沃达案件的真相》

6.胡安·侯赛·米亚斯Juan JoséMillás

代表作《你错乱的名字》

西班牙获NOBEL的作家:

1.哈辛托·贝拉文特Jacinto Benavente(1866-1954) 戏剧家1922 《不吉利的姑娘》

2.胡安·拉蒙·希梅内斯Juan Ramón Jiménez(1881-1958) 1956 《小银与我(Platero y yo)》

3.维森特·阿莱桑德雷Vicente Aleeixandre(1898-1984) 1977 《天堂的影子》

4.卡米洛·侯赛·塞拉Camilo JoséCela(1916-2002) 1989 《蜂房(la colmena)》

5.侯赛·埃切加莱JoséEchegaray(1832-1916) 1904 《伟大的牵线人(El gran galeoto)》(来源:爱西语网校)

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