Emerging Chemicals and Analytical
分析化学领域期刊
引言：分析化学领域期刊是分析化学领域的重要载体，承载着该领域的最新研究成果与科研进展。
本文将继续对分析化学领域期刊进行分析，重点介绍其中几个优秀的期刊，并详细讨论它们在不同研究方向中的重要性和贡献。
概述：正文内容：一、AnalyticalChemistry1.1重要性和贡献：AnalyticalChemistry是分析化学领域最为重要和具有影响力的期刊之一。
它涵盖了分析化学的各个方面，包括仪器分析、生物分析、环境分析等。
它的重要性体现在它为分析化学研究者提供了一个交流和分享研究成果的平台。
通过发表在AnalyticalChemistry上的论文，研究者们可以与全球同行进行学术交流，推动该领域的发展。
1.2研究方向：在AnalyticalChemistry中，有许多研究方向值得关注。
其中之一是仪器分析，它涉及到新型仪器的开发和应用。
生物分析也是一个重要的研究方向，它研究了在生物体内的分析方法和技术。
环境分析也是AnalyticalChemistry的一个重要研究方向，它关注环境中的污染物的监测与测定方法。
二、JournalofChromatographyA2.1重要性和贡献：JournalofChromatographyA是色谱领域的领先期刊之一。
色谱在分析化学中具有广泛的应用，它是一种分离和检测分析方法。
JournalofChromatographyA提供了一个平台，使研究者可以分享和交流他们在色谱领域的最新研究成果。
无论是新的色谱方法，还是应用于生物化学、环境化学等领域的色谱技术，JournalofChromatographyA都是该领域研究者的重要参考来源。
2.2研究方向：JournalofChromatographyA涵盖了各种色谱技术的研究方向。
例如，气相色谱和液相色谱是该期刊的重点关注领域。
JournalofChromatographyA还关注新型色谱技术的发展和应用，如超临界流体色谱、毛细管电色谱等。
环境中抗生素的污染现状及危害
环境中抗生素的污染现状及危害李红燕;陈兴汉【摘要】本文综述抗生素使用现状及环境中抗生素的污染现状及危害,以引起人们对抗生素污染环境问题的广泛关注,期望对相关环境治理工作起到促进作用.笔者检索了国内外近二十年关于抗生素污染环境的相关文献,对环境中抗生素的污染现状及其对人类的危害进行归纳总结.研究表明,当前环境受抗生素污染情况十分严重,对环境、人类的危害已日益凸显,应引起人们的高度重视.【期刊名称】《中国资源综合利用》【年(卷),期】2018(036)005【总页数】4页(P82-84,95)【关键词】抗生素;使用;环境污染;危害【作者】李红燕;陈兴汉【作者单位】阳江职业技术学院食品与环境工程系,广东阳江 529566;阳江职业技术学院食品与环境工程系,广东阳江 529566【正文语种】中文【中图分类】X592近年来，对于环境中抗生素污染研究逐步增多，其中我国对于环境中抗生素的研究总体呈现北方多、南方少的特征。
因此，本文以环境中抗生素污染及危害作为研究对象，研究结果可为环境中抗生素污染和危害普查提供科学依据。
1 抗生素生产使用现状抗生素主要应用在人类、禽畜的疾病预防与治疗、农业病害防治以及水产养殖等途径。
据统计，2000年，美国抗生素使用总量约为16 200 t，70%左右用于水产养殖业[1]。
澳大利亚每年使用的抗生素中有56%用于饲料添加剂，有36%用于人类疾病防治，而另8%用于兽药[2]。
我国更是抗生素生产和消费的大国，主要使用的种类包括青霉素类、头孢菌素类、β-内酰胺酶抑制剂类、氨基糖苷类、四环素类、大环内酯类、喹诺酮类、抗结核类、抗病毒类等。
2009年，我国抗生素的年产量就已达到14.7万t，抗生素品种达到181个，生产企业达到120家，市场规模约600亿元，居世界首位[3]。
同时，我国也是抗生素的消费大国，而且存在明显的滥用情况。
以医疗用抗生素为例，西方国家抗生素占药物处方的比例仅为30%，而在我国这一比例高达70%[2]。
产业生态学报-JournalofIndustrialEcology-YaleUniversity
Chinese Abstracts
《产业生态学报》
2006 年冬, 第 10 卷第 1-2 期, 19-42 页
题目：2003 环境与经济帐户体系及物流核算的经济相关性 作者：Ole Gravgård Pedersen, Mark de Haan
关键字：环境会计，投入产出分析，物料流分析(MFA)，包括 环境帐户的国民核算矩阵(NAMEA)，物质投入产出表(PIOT)， 国民核算体系
Journal of Industrial Ecology
2006, Vol. 10, Issue 1-2, pp. 43-60
Data Cubes and Matrix Formulae for Convenient Handling of Physical Flow Data
Erik Löfving, Anders Grimvall, and Viveka Palm
KEYWORDS:
aggregation, disaggregation, matrix operations, multidimensional data arrays, substance flows, theoretical framework
SUMMARY: If the technosphere and the biosphere are divided into cells, the presence and turnover of a substance in a study area can be summarized in a vector of stocks and a matrix of flows between different pairs of cells. Likewise the stocks and flows of several substances or materials in one or more time periods can be summarized in multidimensional data cubes. In this article, we provide a theoretical framework for handling physical flow data, and we demonstrate how a set of matrix operations can facilitate exploratory analysis and quality assessment of such data regardless of the number of substances, materials, and time periods considered. In particular, we show how matrices and cubes of flow data can be recalculated when the collection of cells is modified by joining cells, and also what information is required to recalculate flows when cells are split. Furthermore, we illustrate how and under what circumstances substanceflow data originating from different studies with different collections of cells can be compared or merged. The generic character of the given formulae facilitates the development of software for physical flow data.
(参考资料)化工专业英文词汇大全
化学专业课程中英文对照普通化学General Chemistry分析化学Analytical Chemistry有机化学Organic Chemistry物理化学Physical Chemistry谱学导论Introducton of Spectroscopy无机化学Inorganic Chemistry普通化学和分析化学实验Experiments of General and Analytical Chemistry现在基础化学The Principle of Mordern Chemistry现在基础化学实验Experiments of Modern Fundamental Chemistry有机化学实验Experiments of Organic Chemistry仪器分析和物理化学实验Experiments of Instrumental Analysis and Physical Chemistry合成化学实验Experiments of Synthetic Chemistry现代化学专题Topic of Modern Chemistry化学综合实验Experiments of Comprehensive Chemistry化工原理Principle of Chemical Engineering化工原理实验Experiments of Chemical Engineering应用化学实验Experiments of Applied Chemistry无机合成化学Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry近代分析化学Modern Analytical Chemistry分离分析化学Separation Analytical Chemistry有机化合物波谱鉴定Spectrum Identification of Organic Compounds有机合成及反应机理Organic Synthesis and Mechanics化学进展Progress in Chemistry化学反应工程Chemical Reaction Engineering应用电化学Applied Electrochemistry工业催化Industrial Catalysis环境化学Environmental Chemistry环境监测Environmental Monitoring化学科技英语Scientific English for Chemistry数理方法在化学中的应用Mathematical Statistics for Chemistry化工制图Chemical Engineering Cartography计算机与化学测量实验Computer and Chemical Measurement化学信息学Chemoinformatics or Chemical Informatics应用化学专题Special Topics in Applied Chemistry化工装置常用词汇1一概论 introduction方案(建议书) proposal可行性研究 feasibility study方案设计 concept design工艺设计 process design基础设计 basic design详细设计 detail design开工会议 kick-off meeting审核会议 review meeting外商投资 foreign investment中外合资 joint venture中外合营 joint venture补偿贸易 compensation trade合同合同附件 contract卖方 vendor买方 buyer顾客 client承包商 contractor工程公司 company供应范围 scope of supply生产范围 production scope生产能力 production capacity项目 project界区 battery limit装置 plant公用工程 utilities工艺流程图 process flow diagram工艺流程方块图 process block diagram管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument drawing物料及热量平衡图 mass & heat balance diagram蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图 steam & condensate balance diagram 设备布置图 equipment layout设备表 equipment list成品(产品) product(final product)副产品 by-product原料 raw-material设计基础数据 basic data for design技术数据 technical data数据表 data sheet设计文件 design document设计规定 design regulation现场服务 site service项目变更 project change用户变更 client change消耗定额 consumption quota技术转让 technical transfer技术知识 technical know-howtechnical knowledge技术保证 technical guarantee咨询服务 consultative services技术服务 technical services工作地点 location施工现场 construction field报价 quotation标书 bidding book公司利润 company profit固定价合同 fixed price contract固定单价合同 fixed unit price contract成本加酬金合同 cost plus award fee contract 定金 mobilization银行保证书 bank guarantee letter保留金 retention所得税 income taxes特别承包人税 special contractor's taxes城市和市政税 city and municipal taxes工作手册 work manual工作流程图 work flow diagram质量保证程序 QA/QC procedures采购计划 procurement plan施工计划 construction plan施工进度 construction schedule项目实施计划 project execution plan项目协调程序 project coordination procedure 项目总进度计划 project master schedule设计网络计划 engineering network logic项目质量保证 project quality assurance项目质量控制 project quality control采购 procurement采购周期 procurement period会签 the squad check计算书 calculation sheets询价 inquiry检验 inspection运输 transportation开车 start up / commission验收 inspection & acceptance校核 check审核 review审定 approve版次 version部门 department专业 specialty项目号 project number图号 drawing number目录 contents序言 foreword章 chapter节 section项 itemMR material requisitionSPEC engineering specificationDATA SHEET（技术表） technical data sheetTBA(技术评标） technical bid analysisPDP preliminary design packagePM (项目经理) project managerLDE(专业负责人) lead discipline engineerMRQ(材料询价单) Material requisition for quotationMRP(材料采购单) material requisition for purchaseBEP(基础工程设计包) basic engineering packageP&ID(管道及仪表流程图) piping and instrument drawing(diagram) PFD process flow diagramNNF normally no flowFO failure openFC failure closeC/S/A civil/structure/architectureDDP（详细设计阶段） detail design phase二. 工艺流程连续过程 continuous process间歇过程 batch process工艺叙述 process description工艺特点 process feature操作 operation反应 reaction副反应 side reaction絮凝 flocculation浮洗 flotation倾析 decantation催化反应 catalytical reaction萃取 extraction中和 neutralization水解 hydrolysis过滤 filtration干燥 drying还原 reduction氧化 oxidation氢化 hydrogenation分解 decomposition离解 dissociation合成 synthetics吸收 absorption吸附 adsorption解吸 desorption结晶 crystallization溶解 solution调节 modulate控制 control悬浮 suspension循环 circulation再生 regeneration再活化 reactivation沥取 leaching破碎 crushing煅烧 caloination沉降 sedimentation沉淀 precipitation气化 gasification冷冻 refrigeration固化、结晶 solidification 包装 package升华 sublimation燃烧 combustion引烧 ignition蒸馏 distillation碳化 carbonization压缩 compression三、化学物质及特性固体 solid液体 liquid气体 gas化合物 compound混合物 mixture粉 powder片状粉未 flake小粒 granule结晶 crystal乳化物 emulsion氧化物 oxidizing agent 还原剂 reducing agent有机物 organic material 真空 vacuum母液 master liquor富液 rich liquor贫液 lean liquor萃出物 extract萃余物 raffinate絮凝剂 flocculants冷冻盐水 brine酸度 acidity浓度 concentration碱度 alkalinity溶解度 solubility凝固点 solidificalion point沸点 boiling point熔点 melting point蒸发率 evaporation rate粘度 viscosity吸水的 water absorbent(a)无水的 anhydrous(a)外观 appearance无色的 colorless(a)透明的 transparent(a)半透明的 translucent密度 density比重 specific gravity催化剂 catalyst燃烧 combustion引燃 ignition自然点 self-ignition temperature可燃气体 combustible gas可燃液体 inflammable liquid易燃液体 volatile liquid爆炸混合物 explosive mixture爆炸性环境 explosive atmosphere(environment) 爆炸极限 explosive concentration limit废水 waste water废液 waste liquid废气 off-gas噪声 noise pollution成分 composition挠度 deflection力和力矩 force and moment弯矩 bending moment应力-应变曲线 stress-strain diagram百分比 percentage环境温度 ambient temperature工作温度 operating设计温度 design temperature(pressure)相对湿度 RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥 sludge杂质 impurity四、化工设备泵 pump轴流泵 axial flow pump真空泵 vacuum pump屏蔽泵 canned pump柱塞泵 plunger pump涡轮泵 turbine pump涡流泵 vortex pump离心泵 centrifugal pump喷射泵 jet pump转子泵 rotary pump管道泵 inline pump双作用往复泵 double action reciprocating pump计量泵 metering pump深井泵 deep well pump齿轮泵 gear pump手摇泵 hand(wobble) pump螺杆泵 screw (spiral) pump潜水泵 submersible pump斜转子泵 inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵 hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump 气升泵 air-lift-pump轴承 bearing叶轮 impeller虹吸管 siphon高压容器 high pressure vessel焚化炉 incinerator火焰清除器 flame arrester工业炉 furnace烧嘴 burner锅炉 boiler回转窑 rotary kiln加热器 heater电加热器 electric heater冷却器 cooler冷凝器 condenser换热器 heat exchanger反应器 reactor蒸馏釜 still搅拌器 agitator混合器 mixer静态混合器 static mixers管道混合器 line mixers混合槽 mixing tanks破碎机 crusher磨碎机 grinder研磨机 pulverizer球磨机 ballmill过滤器 filter分离器 separator干燥器 drier翅片 fins烟囱 stack火炬 flare筛子 screen煅烧窑 calciner倾析器 decanter蒸发器 evaporator再沸器 reboiler萃取器 extractor离心机 centrifuger吸附（收）器 adsorber结晶器 crystallizer电解槽 electrolyzer电除尘器 electric precipitator洗涤器 scrubber消石灰器 slaker料仓 bin料斗 hopper加料器 feeder增稠器 thickener澄清器 clarifier分级器 classifier浮洗器 flocculator废液池 sump喷射器 ejector喷头 sprayer成套设备 package unit仪器设备 apparatus附属设备 accessory旋转式压缩机 rotary compressor往复式压缩机 reciprocating compressor水环式压缩机 nash compressor螺杆式压缩机 helical screw compressor离心式压缩机 centrifugal compressor多级压缩机 mutiple stages compressor固定床反应器 fixed bed reactor流化床反应器 fluidized bed reactor管式反应器 tubular reactor列管式换热器 tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器 spiral plate heat exchanger 萃取塔 extraction column板式塔 plate column填料塔 packed column洗涤塔 scrubber吸收塔 absorber冷却塔 cooling tower精馏塔 fractionating tower汽提塔 stripper再生塔 regenerator造粒塔 prill tower塔附件 tower accessories液体分配（布）器 liquid distributor填料支持板 support plate定距管 spacer降液管 downcomer升气管 chimney顶(底)层塔盘 top (bottom) tray挡板 baffle抽出口 draw nozzle溢流堰 weir泡罩 bubble cap筛板 sieve plate浮阀 float valve除沫器 demister pad塔裙座 skirt椭圆封头 elliptical head高位槽 head tank中间槽 intermediate tank加料槽 feed tank补给槽 make-up tank计量槽 measuring tank电解槽 cell溜槽 chute收集槽 collecting tank液滴分离器 knockout drum稀释罐 thinning tank缓冲罐 surge drum回流罐 reflux drum闪蒸罐 flash drum浮顶罐 floating roof tank内浮顶罐 covered floating roof tank球罐 spheroid气柜 gas holder湿式气柜 wet gas-holder干式气柜 dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜 helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀 rotary valve抽滤器 mutche filter压滤器 filter press压滤机 pressure filter板框压滤器 plate-and-fram filter press转鼓过滤器 rotary drum filter带式过滤器 belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器 bag filter旋风分离器 cyclone separator盘式干燥箱 compartment tray drier真空干燥器 vacuum drier隧道式干燥器 tunnel drier回转干燥器 rotary drier穿流循环干燥器 through circulation drier 喷雾干燥器 spray drier气流干燥器 pneumatic conveyor drier圆盘式加料器 dish feeder螺旋式加料器 screw feeder颚式破碎机 jaw crusher回转破碎机 gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机 roll crusher锤式破碎机 hammer crusher冲击破碎机 rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机 jet pulverizer棍磨机 rod mill雷蒙机 raymond mill锤磨机 hammer mill辊磨机 roller mill振动筛 vibrating screen回转筛 rotary screen风机 fan罗茨鼓风机 root's blower起重机 crane桥式起重机 bridge crane电动葫芦 motor hoist发电机 generator电动机 motor汽轮机 steam turbine五、管道工程 piping engineering1 阀门 valve阀杆 stem内螺纹阀杆 inside screw阀座 valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈 sealing ring阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等) trim阀盘 disc阀体 body阀盖 bonnet手轮 hand wheel手柄 hand level (handle)压盖 gland闸阀 gate valve平行双闸板 double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板 split wedge截止阀 globe valve节流阀 throttle valve针阀 needle valve角阀(角式截止阀) angle valveY型阀(截止阀) Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)球阀 ball valve三通球阀 3-way ball valve蝶阀 butterfly valve对夹式(薄片型) wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀 offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀 combined non-return butterfly valve柱塞阀 piston type valve旋塞阀 plug valve三通旋塞阀 three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀 four-way plug valve旋塞 cock衬套旋塞 sleeve cock隔膜阀 diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀 rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀 straight way diaphragm valve夹紧式胶管阀 pinch valve止回阀 check valve升降式止回阀 lift check valve旋启式止回阀 swing check valve落球式止回阀 ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀 spring ball check valve底阀 foot valve切断式止回阀 stop check valve活塞式止回阀 piston check valve翻板止回阀 flap check valve蝶式止回阀 butterfly check valve安全泄气阀 safety[SV]安全泄放阀 relief valve[RV]安全泄压阀 safety relief valve杠杆重锤式 lever and weight type罐底排污阀 flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀 bellow sealed valve电磁阀 solenoid (operated) valve电动阀 electrically(electric-motor)operated valve气动阀 pneumatic operated valve低温用阀 cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap机械式疏水阀 mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀 open (top) bucket trap浮球式疏水阀 float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap恒温式疏水阀 thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀 balanced pressure thermostatic trap 热动力式疏水阀 thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap放汽阀(自动放汽阀) (automatic) air vent valve换向阀 diverting (reversing) valve呼吸阀 breather valve减压阀 pressure reducing valve控制阀 control valve执行机构 actuator差压调节阀 differential pressure regulating valve切断阀 block (shut-off, stop) valve调节阀 regulating valve快开阀 quick opening valve快闭阀 quick closing valve隔断阀 isolating valve三通阀 three way valve夹套阀 jacketed valve非旋转式阀 non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法兰管子 pipe(按标准制造的配管用管)tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)钢管 steel pipe铸铁管 cast iron pipe衬里管 lined pipe复合管 clad pipe碳钢管 carbon steel[C.S.]pipe合金钢管 alloy steel pipe不锈钢管 stainless steel[S.S.]pipe奥氏体不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管 ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管 wrought-steel pipe锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管 seamless[SMLS] steel pipe焊接钢管 welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance-welded steel pipe电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管 electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe排污阀 blowdown valve集液排放阀 drip valve排液阀 drain valve放空阀 vent valve卸载阀 unloading valve排出阀 discharge valve吸入阀 suction valve取样阀 sampling valve手动阀 hand operated(manually-operated) valve(水)龙头 bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀(小阀) bleed valve旁路阀 by-pass valve软管阀 hose valve混合阀 mixing valve破真空阀 vacuum breaker冲洗阀 flush valve根部阀 root (primary, header) valve水煤气钢管 water-gas steel pipe塑料管 plastic pipe玻璃管 glass tube橡胶管 rubber tube壁厚 wall thickness[WT]壁厚系列号 schedule number[SCH.NO.]加厚的,加强的 extra heavy (strong)双倍加厚的,双倍加强的 double extra heavy (strong) 弯头 elbow异径弯头 reducing elbow长半径弯头 long radius elbow短半径弯头 short radius elbow长半径180°弯头 long radius return短半径180°弯头 short radius return三通 tee异径三通 reducing tee等径三通 straight tee带支座三通 base tee45°斜三通 45°lateralY型三通 true"Y"四通 cross异径管 reducer同心异径管 concentric reducer偏心异径管 eccentric reducer管接头 coupling;full coupling活接头 union短管 nipple预制弯管 fabricated pipe bendU型弯管 "U"bend法兰端 flanged end万向接头 universal joint对焊的 butt welded[BW]螺纹的 threaded[THD]承插焊的 socket welded[SW]法兰 flange[FLG]整体管法兰 integral pipe flange钢管法兰 steel pipe flange螺纹法兰 threaded flange滑套法兰 slip-on flange平焊法兰 slip-on-welding flange承插焊法兰 socket welding flange松套法兰 lap joint flange[LJF]对焊法兰 weld neck flange[WNF]法兰盖 blind flange;blind异径法兰 reducing flange压力级 pressure rating(class)突面 raised face[RF]凸面 male face凹面 female face全平面;满平面 flat face;full face[FF]3.管道特殊件 piping speciality粗滤器 strainer过滤器 filter临时过滤器 temporary strainer(cone type) Y型过滤器 Y-type strainerT型过滤器 T-type strainer永久过滤器 permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器 eye washer and shower 视镜 sight glass阻火器 flame arrester喷咀;喷头 spray nozzle喷射器 ejector取样冷却器 sample cooler消音器 silencer膨胀节 expansion joint波纹膨胀节 bellow补偿器 compensator软管接头 hose connection[HC]快速接头 quick coupling金属软管 metal hose橡胶管 rubber hose挠性管 flexible tube特殊法兰 special flange漏斗 funnel8字盲板 spectacle (figure 8) blind爆破板 rupture disk4,其它材料碳素钢 carbon steel [C.S.]不锈钢 stainless steel[S.S.]铸铁 cast iron[C.I.]铝 aluminum铜,紫铜 copper钛 titanium抗拉强度 tensile strength非金属材料 non-metallic material塑料 plastic陶瓷 ceramic搪瓷 porcelain enamel玻璃 glass橡胶 rubber垫片 gasket[GSKT]平垫片 flat gasket填料 packing型钢 shaped steel角钢 angle steel槽钢 channel工字钢 I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢 wide flanged beam扁钢 flat bar圆钢 round steel; rod钢带 strap steel网络钢板 checkered plate材料表 bill of material[BOM]材料统计 material take-off[MTO]散装材料 bulk material综合管道材料表 consolidated piping material summary sheet[CPMSS]汇总表 summary sheet5.设备布置及管道设计中心线 center line装置边界 boundary limit[BL]区界 area limit设备布置 equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan标高,立面 elevation[EL]支撑点 point of support[POS]工厂北向 plant north方位 orientation危险区 hazardous area classification净正吸入压头 net positive suction head绝对标高 absolute elevation坐标 coordinate管道研究 piping study管道布置平面 piping arrangement plan[PAP]管道布置 piping assembly; layout详图 detail"X"视图 view "X""A-A" 剖视 section "A-A"轴测图 isometric drawing索引图 key plan管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument diagram[P&ID]管口表 list of nozzles地上管道 above ground piping 地下管道 under ground piping 管线号 line number总管 header; manifold旁路 by pass常开 normally open常闭 normally closed取样接口 sampling connection 伴热管 tracing pipe蒸汽伴热 steam tracing热水伴热 hot-water tracing电伴热 electrical tracing夹套管 jacketed line全夹套管 full jacketed比例 scale图 figure草图 sketch图例 legend符号 symbol件号 part n。
trends in analytical chemistry约稿模板
trends in analytical chemistry约稿模板Title: Trends in Analytical Chemistry: A Comprehensive OverviewIntroduction:Analytical chemistry plays a crucial role in various fields, including pharmaceuticals, environmental sciences, food safety, and forensic science. As technology advances, the field of analytical chemistry continues to evolve and embrace new methodologies and techniques. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the emerging trends in analytical chemistry, highlighting their significance and potential implications.1. Miniaturization:One of the prominent trends in analytical chemistry is the miniaturization of analytical devices and systems. Miniaturization offers several advantages, including lower sample and reagent consumption, reduced analysis time, and portability. Techniques such as microfluidics, lab-on-a-chip, and nanosensors have gained attention due to their ability to perform rapid and sensitive analysis in small volumes. Miniaturization has opened up new possibilities for point-of-care diagnostics, on-site monitoring, and personalized medicine.2. Advanced Mass Spectrometry:Mass spectrometry (MS) has been a key analytical tool for decades, but recent advancements have significantly enhanced its capabilities. High-resolution MS, tandem MS, and ion mobility MS have improved the detection and identification of complexanalytes, including metabolites, proteins, and peptides. Furthermore, the development of ambient ionization techniques has enabled direct analysis of samples in their native environment, eliminating the need for sample preparation. These advancements have revolutionized the fields of metabolomics, proteomics, and omics sciences.3. Big Data and Data Analytics:The advent of big data has had a profound impact on various scientific disciplines, including analytical chemistry. Analytical chemists are now faced with large and complex datasets generated from various analytical techniques. Thus, the need for effective data management, data processing, and data analytics has become increasingly important. Data integration, machine learning algorithms, and chemometrics are being employed to extract meaningful information, identify patterns, and make predictions, leading to better decision-making and optimization of analytical processes.4. Sustainable and Green Analytical Chemistry:With increasing environmental concerns, there is a growing emphasis on sustainable and green analytical chemistry practices. This includes developing eco-friendly sample preparation techniques, reducing waste generation, and utilizing renewable resources. Techniques such as microwave-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, and solid-phase microextraction are gaining popularity due to their reduced solvent consumption and energy requirements. Additionally, green analytical chemistry involves using environmentally friendly reagents and developing recyclable or biodegradable analytical tools.5. Multi- and Cross-Disciplinary Approaches:Analytical chemistry has always been an interdisciplinary field, but recent trends indicate a shift towards multi- and cross-disciplinary approaches. Collaborations with experts from fields such as materials science, nanotechnology, biology, and computer science have led to significant advancements. Integration of analytical chemistry with these disciplines has resulted in the development of innovative techniques such as plasmonics-based sensing, bioanalytical nanomaterials, and data-driven analytical models, expanding the scope and applicability of analytical chemistry. Conclusion:The field of analytical chemistry is constantly evolving, driven by emerging trends and technological advancements. This article has provided a comprehensive overview of some of the prominent trends, including miniaturization, advanced mass spectrometry, big data analytics, sustainable practices, and cross-disciplinary approaches. It is evident that these trends will continue to shape the future of analytical chemistry and pave the way for novel analytical methods, instruments, and applications.。
英语写作_Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Normal UniversityWhat is chemistry aboutThe different kinds of matter that compose the universe are termed materials. Each material has its own distinguishing characteristics, which is termed its properties. These properties enable the material to be recognized or separated from other materials. (Miriam, 2000)The study of materials is the joint concern of chemistry and physics. These two sciences are so closely related that no one can learn very much about either without considerable training in the other. In many of their applications it is hard to tell where the one science leaves off and the other begins.Roughly stated, physics is concerned with the general properties and energy and with events which result in what are termed physics changes. Physics changes are those in which materials are not so thoroughly altered as to be converted into other materials distinct from those present at the beginning. (Sadeghi, B. 2008) Chemistry, by contrast, tends to focus on the properties of substances and the interactions between different types of matter, particularly reactions that involve electrons. (Karimi, A. R. 2006)Who but a chemist would ever guess that common salt can be resolved into a greenish gas and silvery matal? Or that two odorless gases, nitrogen and hydrogen, can be combined to form ammonia? Or that ordinary air and water can be converted into nitric acid? Or that coal tar contains ingredients that can be transformed into dydstuffs and perfumes? Such thoroughgoing transformations, in which all the properties of a material are altered, so that a completely different material is obtained, are called chemical transformations, chemical changes or chemical reactions. Chemistry as an art is concerned with identifying, seperating and transforming materials, in applying them to definite uses.(Kantevari, S. 2007)Chemistry as a science is a manner of thinking about transformations of materials which helps us to understand, predict and control them. It furnishes directing intelligence in the use of materials.The scope of chemistryChemistry is the branch of science which deals with the properties, composition and the structure of matter. It also deals with chemical reactions, changes in matter, and the principles which govern these changes and is sometimes called the “central science”because it relates to so many areas of human endesvor and curiosity. (Lingaiah, N. 2007) Chemists who develop new materials to improve electronic devices such as solar cells, transistors, and fiber optic cables work a the interfaces of chemistry with physics and engineering. Those who develop mew pharmaceuticals for use against cancer or AIDS work at the interfaces of chemistry with pharmacology and medicine. Many chemists work in more traditional fileds of chemistry. Biochemists are interested in chemical processes that occur in living organisms. Physical chemists work with fundamental principles of physics and chemistry in an attempt to answer the basic questions that apply to all of chemistry: why do some substances react with one another while others do not? How fast will a particular chemical reaction occur? How much useful energy can be extracted from a chemical reaction? Analytical chemists are investigators; they study ways to seperate and identify chemical substances. Many of the techniques developed by analytical chemists are used extensively by environmental scientists. Organic chemists fouse their attention on substances that contain carbon and hydrogen in combination with a few other elements. The vast majority of substances are organic chemicals. Inorganic chemists fouse on most of the elements other than carbon, though the fileds of organic and inorganic chemistry overlap in some ways. (Saikat, D. S. 2008) They work in a lab, in a research environment, asking questions and testing hypotheses with experiments.Authough chemistry is considered a “mature”science, the landscape of chemistry is dotted with unanswered questions and challenges. Moden techenology demands new materials with unusual properties, and chemists must devise new methods of producing these materials. Modern medicine requires druges targeted to perform specific tasks in the human body, and chemists must design strategies to synthesize these drugs from simple starting materials. (Subhasis, S. 2009)Society requires improved methods of pollution control, substitues for scarce matericals, nonhazardous means of disposing of toxic wastes, and more efficient ways to extractenergy from fuels. Chemists are at work in all these areas.Chemical engineeringChemical engineering is the profession concerned with the creactive application of the scientific principles underlying the transport of mass, energy and momentum, and the physical and chemical change of matter. (Mazaahir, K. 2007)The broad implications of this definition have been justifed over the past few decades by the kinds of problems that chemical engineers have solved, though the profession has devoted its attention in the main to the chemical process industries. As a result chemical engineers have been defined more traditionally as those applied scientists trained to deal with the research, development, design and operation problems of the chemicals, petroleum and related industries.( Majid, M. H. 2007)Experience has shown that principles requried to meet the needs of the process industries are applicable to a significantly wider class of problems, and the modern chemical enineer is bringing his established tools to bear on such new areas sa the environmental and life sciences.Chemical engineering developed as a distinct dsciplne during the twentieth century in answer to the needs of a chemical industry no longer able to operate efficiently with manufacturing processes which in many cases were simply larger scale versions of laboratory equipment. (Sivakumar, K. 2010) Thus, the primary emphasis in the profession was initially devoted to the general subject of how to use the results of laboratory experiments to design process equipment capable of meeting industrial production rates. This led naturally to the characterization of design procedures in terms of the unit operations, those elements common to many different processes.The basic unit operations include fluid flow, heat exchange, distillation, extraction, etc. A typical manufacturing process will be made up of combinations of the unit operations. Hence, skill in designing each of the units at a production scale would provide the means of designing the entire process. The unit operations concept dominated chemical engineering education and practice until the mid-1950s, when a movement away from this equipment-oriented philosophy toward an engineering science approach began. This approach holds that the unifying concept is not sepcificprocessing operations, but rather the understanding of the fundamental phenomena of mass, energy and momentum transport that are common to all of the unit operations, and it is argued that concentration on unit operations obscures the similarity of many operations at a fundamental level.(Janis, R. A. 1987)Although there is no real conflict between the goals of the unit operation and engineering science approaches, the latter has tended to emphasize mathematatical skills and to de-emphasize the design aspects of engineering education.(Bossert, F. 1981) Such a conflict need not exist, and recent educational effort has been directed toward the development of the skills that will enable the creactive engineering use of the fundamentals, or a synthesis of the engineering science and unit operations approaches. One essential skill in reaching this goal is the ability to express engineering problems meaningfully in precise quantitative terms. Only in this way can the chemical engineer correctly formulate, interpret, and use fundamental experimens and physical principles in real world applications outside of the laboratory. This skill which is distinct from ability in mathematics, we call analysis.References and notes[1] Miriam, V. B., Matthew, P. S., Jeffrey, R. L.J Am.Chem. Soc. 2000,122, 6664.[2] Sadeghi, B.; Mirjalili, B. B. F.; Hashemi, M. M. Tetrahedron Lett., 2008, 49, 2575.[3] Karimi, A. R.; Alimohammadi, Z.; Azizian, J.; Mohammadi, A. A.; Mohammadizadeh, M. R.Catal. Commun., 2006, 7, 728.[4] Kantevari, S.; Vuppalapati, S. V. N.; Biradar, D. O.; Nagarapu, L. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem.,2007, 266, 109.[5] Lingaiah, N.; Satyender, A.; Srinivas, K. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2007, 266, 104.[6] Saikat, D. S.; Parasa, H.; Dilip, K. Tetrahedron Lett., 2008, 49, 2216.[7] Subhasis, S.; Ganesh, C. N.; Pallavi, S.; Singh, M. S. Tetrahedron., 2009, 65, 10155.[8] Mazaahir, K.; Poonam, M.; Vikas, B.; Rishi, K. S.; Abdul, S. E.; Mazaahir, K.; Sharmistha, D.J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2007, 265, 177.[9] Majid, M. H.; Fatemeh, D.; Fatemeh, F. B. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2007, 263, 112.[10] Sivakumar, K.; Kathirvel, A.; Lalitha *, A. Tetrahedron Lett., 2010, 51, 3018.[11] Janis, R. A.; Silver, P. J.; Triggle, D. J. Adv. Drug Res.1987, 16, 309.[12]Bossert, F.; Mayers, H.; Wehinger, E. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.1981, 93, 756.。
Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry
Analytical Methods in EnvironmentalChemistryEnvironmental chemistry is a rapidly growing field of study that deals with the chemical and physical processes that occur in natural systems, including the air, water, and soil. Analytical methods play a critical role in environmental chemistry, providing researchers with the tools they need to understand and quantify the complex chemical interactions that are taking place in our environment. This article will discuss some of the analytical methods that are commonly used in environmental chemistry, and describe how they are applied to solve real-world environmental problems.The first analytical method that we will discuss is chromatography, which is a technique that separates mixtures into their individual components based on their physical and chemical properties. Chromatography is widely used in environmental chemistry to isolate and identify pollutants in air, water, and soil samples. Gas chromatography is often used to analyze air samples for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other pollutants, while liquid chromatography can be used to separate complex mixtures of organic compounds in water and soil samples. The use of chromatography in environmental chemistry has revolutionized the field, allowing researchers to accurately measure even trace amounts of pollutants in the environment.Another important analytical technique in environmental chemistry is spectrophotometry, which measures the interaction between light and matter. Spectrophotometry is commonly used to analyze heavy metals in water samples, as well as to measure the absorption of pollutants like carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere. This technique can provide precise measurements of environmental contaminants, allowing researchers to track their sources, pathways, and impact on the environment.In addition to chromatography and spectrophotometry, environmental chemists also use a variety of other analytical methods, including mass spectrometry, electrochemistry,and atomic absorption spectroscopy. Mass spectrometry is especially useful for analyzing the complex mixtures of compounds found in environmental samples, while electrochemistry can be used to measure the properties of environmental pollutants like soil pH and redox potential. Atomic absorption spectroscopy is another important technique in environmental chemistry that is used to analyze the concentration of heavy metals in water and soil samples.While each of these analytical methods has its own advantages and limitations, it is often necessary to use a combination of techniques to fully analyze an environmental sample. For example, a researcher studying the impact of industrial activities on a local waterway might use a combination of gas chromatography, spectrophotometry, and atomic absorption spectroscopy to identify and quantify the various pollutants present in the water. By analyzing the results of these different tests together, the researcher can get a more complete picture of the chemical interactions taking place in the environment.In conclusion, analytical methods are a critical component of environmental chemistry and provide researchers with the tools they need to understand and quantify the complex chemical interactions that take place in the environment. Chromatography, spectrophotometry, mass spectrometry, electrochemistry, and atomic absorption spectroscopy are just a few of the techniques commonly used in this field. By using a combination of these techniques, environmental chemists can gain a deeper understanding of the causes and impacts of environmental pollution, and develop effective strategies for mitigating its effects on our planet.。
化学分析自我介绍英语
化学分析自我介绍英语In the intricate world of chemical analysis, I am a seeker of knowledge and an explorer of the unknown. My journey with chemistry began at a tender age, when the wonders of science first captivated my imagination. As I grew older, my fascination with the subject deepened, and I found myself increasingly drawn to the mysteries of chemical reactions and the precision of analytical techniques.My educational background in chemistry has been diverse and comprehensive, spanning from the fundamentals of inorganic and organic chemistry to the advanced concepts of analytical and instrumental analysis. My academic pursuits have not been confined to textbooks alone; I have also gained valuable practical experience through various laboratory projects and research studies.One of my proudest moments was when I was part of a research team that developed a novel analytical method for the determination of trace elements in environmental samples. This experience taught me the importance ofteamwork, problem-solving, and the application of chemical knowledge to real-world problems.In addition to my academic qualifications, I am also proficient in various analytical instrumentation such as spectrometers, chromatographs, and electrochemical workstations. My ability to interpret and analyze complex data sets using statistical software has further strengthened my skills in the field of chemical analysis. Moreover, I possess a strong command of the English language, which has enabled me to keep up with the latest advancements in the field of chemistry through reading international journals and participating in scientific conferences. This linguistic proficiency has alsofacilitated my communication with colleagues and mentors from diverse cultural backgrounds.As a chemical analyst, I am passionate about my work and always strive to improve my skills and knowledge. I believe that continuous learning is crucial in this rapidly evolving field, and I am committed to staying abreast of new technologies and methodologies.In conclusion, my journey in chemical analysis has been a rewarding and enriching experience that has shaped meinto a knowledgeable and skilled professional. I am excited about the opportunities that lie ahead and look forward to contributing to the advancement of science through my work. **化学分析中的自我探索**在化学分析的复杂世界中，我是知识的追求者和未知的探索者。
reviews in analytical chemistry
Reviews in Analytical ChemistryIntroductionAnalytical chemistry plays a crucial role in various scientific disciplines by providing methods for the identification, quantification, and characterization of chemical compounds. Reviews in analytical chemistry serve as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners in this field. In this article, we will explore the importance of reviews in analytical chemistry and discuss their key contributions to the advancement of this discipline.Advancing Methodologies1.Overview of Analytical Techniques–Spectroscopic techniques–Chromatographic techniques–Electrochemical techniques–Mass spectrometryparison of Analytical Methods–Sensitivity and detection limits–Selectivity and specificity–Speed and efficiency–Cost-effectiveness3.Introduction of New Approaches–Nanotechnology in analytical chemistry–Biosensors for analytical applications–Microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip devices–Advances in data analysis and chemometricsEnabling Innovations1.Development of New Instrumentation–High-resolution mass spectrometry–Miniaturized analytical devices–Imaging techniques in analytical chemistry–Automation and robotics in sample preparation2.Integration of Multimodal Techniques–Hyphenated techniques for comprehensive analysis•GC-MS•LC-MS•CE-MS•SFC-MS3.Applications of Analytical Chemistry in Various Fields–Environmental monitoring and analysis–Pharmaceutical and drug discovery–Forensic analysis–Food safety and quality controlQuality Assurance and Standardization1.Accreditation and Certification–International organizations and standards–Good Laboratory Practices (GLP)–ISO certifications in analytical chemistry–Proficiency testing and inter-laboratory comparisons 2.Method Validation and Verification–Accuracy and precision assessment–Calibration and traceability–Method robustness and ruggedness–Measurement uncertainty estimation3.Quality Control Procedures–Statistical process control–Quality control charts–Internal and external quality control samples–Data integrity and traceabilityEmerging Trends in Analytical Chemistry1.Applications of Artificial Intelligence–Machine learning algorithms in data analysis–Deep learning for pattern recognition–Intelligent data mining and knowledge discovery–Automation and optimization of analytical processes2.Sensor Technologies and Internet of Things (IoT)–Smart sensors for real-time monitoring–Wireless communication and remote sensing–Sensor networks for environmental surveillance–Integration with IoT platforms for data management3.Green Analytical Chemistry–Sustainable and eco-friendly analytical techniques–Reduction of hazardous reagents and waste–Life cycle assessment of analytical methods–Green metrics for evaluating analytical processesConclusionReviews in analytical chemistry serve as a comprehensive source of information, providing critical insights into the latest methodologies, innovations, quality assurance practices, and emerging trends. By consolidating the knowledge and expertise of experts in the field, these reviews contribute significantly to the advancement of analytical chemistry. Researchers and practitioners can rely on reviews to stay updated with the latest developments and make informed decisions intheir work.。
考研分析化学名词解释
考研分析化学名词解释考研分析化学，即考研化学分析学，是指在考研化学专业的学习和研究中，涉及到的与分析化学有关的名词的解释和理解的过程。
分析化学是化学中一门重要的学科，研究的对象是物质的组成、结构和性质，以及分析方法的开发和应用。
考研分析化学作为一门专业课程，常常会涉及到一些关键的名词和概念，下面将对其中的一些常见名词进行解释。
1. 分析化学（Analytical Chemistry）分析化学是一门研究化学物质和材料的组成、结构、性质及其变化规律的学科。
它通过定性和定量的方法，研究各种化学成分和它们之间的相互关系，并发展和应用各种分析方法。
2. 定性分析（Qualitative Analysis）定性分析是分析化学中一种通过观察和判断，确定物质是否含有某种成分的方法。
通过化学反应、形态学特征、颜色、形状等进行观察和分析，确认物质的成分。
3. 定量分析（Quantitative Analysis）定量分析是分析化学中一种通过测量和计算，确定物质中特定成分含量的方法。
通过仪器和方法的精确测量，可以得出物质的具体成分和含量。
4. 仪器分析（Instrumental Analysis）仪器分析是分析化学中一种利用仪器测量物质的成分和性质的方法。
通过使用各种分析仪器，如红外光谱仪、质谱仪、核磁共振仪等，可以对物质进行精确的分析和测量。
5. 质谱分析（Mass Spectrometry）质谱分析是一种通过对物质的化学成分进行质谱测量，确定其分子结构和组成的方法。
它通过将物质分子离子化，并在质谱仪中对其进行分离和测量，从而得到物质的质谱图谱，进而确定其结构和组成。
6. 光谱分析（Spectroscopy）光谱分析是一种通过测量物质与电磁辐射相互作用的方式，来研究物质的成分和性质的方法。
根据物质的吸收、发射、散射等光谱特性，可以得到物质的光谱图谱，从而确定物质的结构和组成。
7. 脱附分析（Desorption Analysis）脱附分析是分析化学中一种通过将吸附在固体表面上的物质脱附出来，然后进行进一步的分析和测量的方法。
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Faculty Publications from The Water Center
University of Nebraska - Lincoln Year
Emerging Chemicals and Analytical Methods (2006)
Matthew C. Morley∗ Daniel D. Snow† Chad Cecrle‡ Patrick Denning∗∗ Lindsey Miller††
1018
Water Environment Research, Volume 78, Number 10—Copyright © 2006 Water Environment Federation
Table 2. Abbreviations of Analytical Terms. APCI BFR BSTFA DVB ELISA ESI GC HPLC ICP LC LC/MS LOQ MAE MEKC atmospheric pressure chemical ionization brominated flame retardant N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide divinylbenzene enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay electrospray ionization gas chromatography high performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma liquid chromatography liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry limit of quantitation microwave-assisted extraction micellar electrokinetic chromatography MIP MS MS/MS MTBSTFA MSTFA NCI PDMS RYA SDVB SIM SPE SPME TOF YES molecularly imprinted polymer mass spectrometry tandem mass spectrometry N-methyl-N -(tertbutyldimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide N-methyl-N -(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide negative chemical ionization poly(dimethylsiloxane) recombinant yeast assay styrene divinylbenzene selected ion monitoring solid phase extraction solid phase microextraction time of flight yeast estrogen screen
2
Assistant Professor and Director, Water Science Laboratory, University of Nebraska – Lincoln
3
Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Nebraska - Lincoln
1*
Senior Environmental Engineer, MWH Americas, 3321 Power Inn Road, Suite 300, Sacramento, CA 95826-3889; Tel. 916-924-8844; Fax. 916-924-3293; e-mail: mmorley2@
compounds
hormones, surfactants, and plasticizers; and brominated flame retardants (BFRs). Although many of the cited articles refer to multiple types of contaminants (particularly hormones and pharmaceuticals), each article is summarized in only one section. Articles pertaining to specific treatmOP E1 E2 E3 EDC EE2
PPCP SDZ SMX SMZ SPY TBBPA TC
General Reviews and Multiple Contaminants Several reviews of developments in environmental analytical chemistry were presented. Developments during 2003 and 2004 were reviewed by Koester and Moulik (2005), summarizing recently developed extraction, separation, and detection methodologies for trace level analysis of
Americas, Sacramento, CA, mmorley2@ of Nebraska- Lincoln, dsnow1@ ‡ University of Nebraska- Lincoln ∗∗ University of Nebraska- Lincoln †† University of Nebraska- Lincoln This paper is posted at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln.
doi:10.2175/106143006X119143
This review summarizes peer-reviewed literature related to analysis, occurrence, and fate of emerging chemical contaminants in the water environment. The review focuses on the following broad categories of emerging contaminants: pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting personal care products (PPCPs); (EDCs), including
† University
∗ MWH
/watercenterpubs/13
Emerging Chemicals and Analytical Methods
Matthew C. Morley1*, Daniel D. Snow2, Chad Cecrle3, Patrick Denning3, and Lindsey Miller3
risk assessments, or biological effects are not included in this review, and articles covering disinfection byproducts (DBPs), fluorinated compounds, and organometallics are not reviewed as in past years. Because of the ever-increasing volume and scope of literature pertaining to emerging contaminants, this review should not be considered to be comprehensive; however, a broad range of literature that is relevant to environmental engineers and scientists is summarized. Acronyms that are used in this review for contaminants and analytical methods are summarized in Tables 1 and 2, respectively.
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Water Environment Research, Volume 78, Number 10—Copyright © 2006 Water Environment Federation
Table 1. Contaminant and Analyte Abbreviations. APE BDE-209 BFR BPA CBZ CIP CIT CTC DBP DEHP alkylphenol polyethoxylate decabromodiphenyl ether brominated flame retardant bisphenol A, or 4,4’isopropylidenediphenol carbamazepine ciprofloxacin citalopram chlortetracycline di-n-butyl phthalate bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, or di(2ethylhexyl) phthalate diethylstilbestrol di-n-octyl phthalate estrone 17 -estradiol estriol endocrine disrupting compound 17 -ethinylestradiol HBCD NP NP1EO NP2EO NPEO or NPnEO NSAID OP OTC PBDE PhAC hexabromocyclododecane nonylphenol, or 4-tert-nonylphenol 4-nonylphenol monoethoxylate 4-nonylphenol diethoxylate nonylphenol polyethoxylate (n=1 to 17) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug 4-tert-octylphenol oxytetracycline polybrominated diphenyl ether Pharmaceutically active compound pharmaceuticals and personal care products sulfadiazine sulfamethazine sulfamethoxazole sulfapyridine tetrabromobisphenol A tetracycline