(完整版)七年级下册英语语法

(完整版)七年级下册英语语法
(完整版)七年级下册英语语法

七年级下册英语语法:

一.情态动词的用法

(1)Can

情态动词can有一定的词义,但不能独立存在,它必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词can没有人称和数的变化。其具体用法如下:

1.表示"能、会",指脑力或体力方面的"能力"。例如: I can speak English.我会讲英语。

Jim can swim but I can't.吉姆会游泳,但我不会。

2.表示"可能",常用于否定句或疑问句中,指某种可能性。例如: Han Mei can't be in the classroom.韩梅不可能在教室里。Can he come here today, please?请问他今天能到这里来吗?

3.表示"可以",常用于口语中,指许可或请求做某事。例如: Can I have a cup of tea, please?请问我可以喝一杯茶吗?You can go out.你可以出去了?补充:

①can在口语中可以代替may,表示许可或可以。

②can't在口语中代替mustn't时,表示禁止或不准。例如:

You can't play football in the street.不准在马路上踢足球。

③情态动词can的过去式could,用于现在时,可使语气更委婉、更客气。例如: Could you help me with my English?你能帮助我学习英语吗?情态动词can的基本句型

1.肯定句型为:主语+can+动词原形+其它。例如: They can play basketball.他们能打篮球。She can dance.她会跳舞。

You can go to watch TV.你可以去看电视了。

2.否定句型为:主语+can not(can't/cannot)+动词原形+其它。表示"某人不能(不会。不可能)做……"。其中can't是can not的缩略式,英国多写成cannot。例如: You cannot pass the ball like this.你不能像这样传球。I can't ride a motorbike.我不会骑摩托车。

3.疑问句句型分为:一般疑问句句型和特殊疑问句句型两种类型。⑴一般疑问句句型为:Can+主语+动词原形+其它。表示"某人会(能。可以)做……吗?",用于口语时,常表示请求或许可。其肯定答语用""Yes,主语+can."作答;否定答语用"No,主语+can't."作答。注意答语中作主语的人称代词,应根据问句中的主语作相应的变化。其变化规则为:第一人称问,则第二人称答;第二人称问,则第一人称答;第三人称问,第三人称答。例如:

①-Can you sing an English song for us?你可以为我们大家唱一首英语歌吗?

-Yes.行。(注意在Yes后面常省略I can) ②-Can I skate?我可以滑冰吗?-Yes, you can.可以。

③-Can she climb hills?她能爬山吗? -No, she can't.不,她不能。

⑵特殊疑问句句型为:a. Who+can+动词原形+其它。该句型中who相当于主语。例如: -Who can sing in English in your class?你们班上谁会用英语唱歌?-Lily can.莉莉会。

b.特殊疑问词(作定语)+名词+can+主语+动词原形+其它。该句型中的特殊疑问词常用how many, how much等。例如:

-How many boats can you see in the river?你能看见河中有多少只船吗?-Only one boat.仅有一只。

c.特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其它。该句型中的特殊疑问词常用what, where, when等,一般用肯定陈述句作答。例如:

-What can you see in the picture?你能在图画中看到什么?

-I can see some birds and two big trees in it.我能看到一些鸟儿和两棵大树。Ⅰ. 单项选择(15分)

()1. My sister likes playing the guitar, but she can’t play ______.

A. nice

B. good

C. well

()2. —Are you good ____ swimming? —Yes, and I think I can help kids ___ it. A. with; in B. with; with C. at; with

3.He wants ______ the English club.

A. to join

B. to be

C. be in

()4. My father can’t play ______ basketball. He can play ______ piano.

A. the; the

B. /; the

C. the; /

()5. —Why do you want to ______ the English club? Because Mr Li in the club is good ___ us.

A. have; with

B. join; with

C. join; at

()6. My brother doesn’t like playing basketball _______ watching TV.

A. and

B. but

C. or

()7. —Can you speak Chinese, Tom? —Yes, but only ______.

A. lots of

B. many

C. a little

()8. —_______ do you want to join? —The music club.

A. What club

B. When

C. What

()9. Hi!Can I help you? __. I want to join the club.

A. No, thanks a lot

B. Great

C. Yes, please

()10. —___? —He can do Chinese kung fu well.

A. Can he do Chinese kung fu

B. What can he do

C. Does he want to join the Chinese kung fu club

( )11. ---What can you do? ---I can _____.

A. play the guitar

B. play violin

C. swimming

D. join the club

( )12. ---Can Tom help kids _____ swimming? --Yes, can. A. x B. with C. for D. to

( )13. ---___ do you want to join the chess club? ---Because I like chess very much.

A.Who

B. How

C. Why

D. What

( )14. What is the first day of the week?

A.Monday

B. Friday

C. Saturday

D. Sunday

( )15. I can swim well.I want to join the ___ club.

A music

B chess

C swimming D、musician

1.Gina wants to j ________ the music club.

2.Can you s ________ English?

3.I can play the guitar but can’t play the p ________.

4.Can you h ________ kids with swimming?

用所给单词适当形式填空

41.—Can you help kids with _____(dance)? —Yes,I can.

42.They want_____ (join)the baseball club.

43.Can you _____(sing)?

44.The girl likes music.She wants to be a ______ (music).

45.Do you want to join the_______ (swim)club?

46.Are you good with______ (kid),Jim?

47He wants to join the____(dance) club.

48.She can _______ (play) basketball.

49.She can help ______(I) with ______ (I) English.

50. I need ______ (buy) a pen?

现在进行时

1. 定义:表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。常与now, these days等时间状语连用,句首有Look ! / Listen !等提示语。I’m visiting my friends now. Look! He is sitting there.

2.基本结构:be动词(am ,is ,are) +动词的现在分词构成(动词-ing)

肯定句:be + doing 否定句:be + not doing 一般疑问句:Be动词提前到句子开头+主语+doing

记忆口诀:现在进行主动宾,be +动词-ing要记清; 助动词(am, is ,are) 跟着

主语变,am, is ,are + -ing;

变疑问,助动词(am, is ,are) 后主语跟,变否定,助动词(am, is ,are) 后not 跟。例句:

肯定句:I am working. He is working. They are working. 否定句:I am not working. He is not working. They are not working. 疑问句:Are you working? Is he working? Are they working? 回答:Yes, I am . Yes, he is. Yes, they are.

No, I’m not. No, he isn’t. No, they aren’t.

注意:现在进行时的特殊用法:

1)现在进行时与always 连用时,往往含有赞扬、厌恶、责备等感情色彩。如:He is always working hard.他总是非常努力地工作。(表示赞扬)

2)come, go, begin, start, leave 等动词常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。She is leaving China tomorrow. I'm going to school. 3. 现在分词的变法规则:当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,

构成如下:一)一般在后加ing。如:sing-singing, see-seeing, play-playing, go-going, do-doing,

二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如:write-writing, have-having, come –coming 来;close - closing关;make –making 制造ride –riding 骑;write - writing 写;take - taking 拿走; have –having 有;

三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning; sit- sitting ;cut –cutting 切;shop-shopping 购物;begin-beginning 开始forget-forgetting忘记;stop-stopping 停止travel-travelling 旅行;begin—beginning 开始; swim—swimming 游泳;run—running跑步; put—putting放;let—letting让;get—getting得到

四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如:tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying 位于

现在进行时态专项练习

一、写出下列动词的现在分词形式

stay _____ do ______ listen ______ forget ______ refuse______

close_______ travel______ die______ work_____ spend _____ look ______ make ____put ______ sit _____ run ____ tie_______ take ____ give _______ ride _______ please ______ win ______ begin ____ open____ lie___

二、用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. Mary and Lucy are ________ (dance) now.

2. Listen! Someone is _______ (play) the piano in the next room.

3. He is __________ (sweep) the floor at the moment.

4. Look ! The cat ________ ________ (eat) the fish on the table.

5. A: ______ you _______ (study) French ?B: Yes , I am.

6. She often ____________ (dance) after school.

7. My father and mother ______ ______ (swim) in the pond.

8. My sister is ________ (fly) a kite in the garden.

9. We are __________ (watch) TV now.

10.Be quiet ! The baby _____ ______ (sleep) now.

三.单选

1、Look! He _____their mother do the housework.

A. is helping

B. are help

C. is help

D.is helpping

2 、_____are the boys doing ? They are singing in the room. A .Who

B .How C.What D.Where

3、Don’t talk here. My mother _____.

A. is sleeping B .are sleeping C. Sleeping D .sleep

4 、Danny ______. Don’t call him.

A. is writeing B .is writing C.writing D .writes

5 、–When_____he_____back?–Sorry, I don’t know.

A.does,come

B.are coming

C.is come

D.is coming

6. Who _____ over there now?

A. singing

B. are sing

C. is singing

D. sing

7. It’s eight o’clock. The students _____ an English class.

A. have

B. having

C. is having

D. are having

8. Listen! The baby _____ in the next room.

A. crying

B. cried

C. is crying

D. cries

9. Look! The twins _____ new sweaters.

A. are wearing

B. wearing

C. are wear

D. is wearing

10. Don’t talk here. Grandparents _____.

A. is sleeping

B. are sleeping

C. sleeping

D. sleep

11. Tom is a worker. He ____ in a factory. His sisters _____ in a hospital.

A. work/ work

B. works/ work

C. work/ works

12. Who _____ English best in your class?

A. speak

B. speaks

C. Speaking

13. Mrs. Read _____ the windows every day.

A. is cleaning

B. clean

C. cleans

14. We _____ music and often _____ to music.

A. like/ listen

B. likes/ listens

C. like/ are listening

15. She _____ up at six in the morning.

A. get

B. gets

C. getting

16. On Sundays he sometimes _____ his clothes and sometimes _____ some shopping.

A. wash/ do

B. is washing/ is doing

C. washes/ does

17. The twins usually _____ milk and bread for breakfast, but Jim _____ some coffee for it. A. have/ have B. have/ has C. has/ have

语法一般过去时句式

一、一般过去时的概念:

一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:last year, yesterday, in 1990, two days ago等;也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作,常和often, always等频率副词连用。

例如:

①I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。

②Li Mei always went to school on foot last year. 去年李梅总是步行上学。

二、一般过去时的构成:

1. be动词的一般过去时的构成:

第一人称单数和第三人称单数用was, 其余人称用were 例如:

①I was ten years old at that time.

②There were many people standing in front of the door. 2. 实义动词的一般过去时的构成:

(1)规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则:①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上ed。如:look---looked work---worked jump---jumped stay---stayed

②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,直接加d。

如:live---lived close---closed dance---danced

③末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加ed。如:stop---stopped shop---shopped prefer---preferred ④末尾是辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,然后再加ed。

如:study---studied try---tried

(2) 不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。

如:am(is)---was are---were go---went come---came take---took

have(has)---had

三、一般过去时的几种句型:

(1) be动词的一般过去时的句型:

①肯定句结构为:主语+was / were+其它。

如:I was at home yesterday.

They were really happy at the party.

②否定句结构为:主语+was not (wasn’t) /were not (weren’t)+其它。

如:I wasn’t at home yesterday. They weren’t happy at the party.

③一般疑问句结构为:Was / Were+主语+其它?

如:---Were you at home yesterday? ---Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t.

---Were they happy at the party? ---Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t.

④特殊疑问句结构为:疑问词+was / were+主语+其它?

如:---Where were you last night? ---We were at my uncle’s house. ---How was your weekend? ---It was great.

(2) 实义动词的一般过去时的句型:

①肯定句结构为:主语+动词的过去式+其它。

如:He went to the toy store yesterday. We took some pictures in the park.

②否定句结构为:主语+did not (didn’t)+动词原形+其它。

如:He didn't go to the toy store yesterday. We didn’t take any pictures in the park. ③一般疑问句结构为:Did+主语+动词原形+其它?

如:---Did you go to Beijing last week? ---Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. ---Did he meet the businessman before? ---No, he didn't. / Yes, he did.

④特殊疑问句结构为:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?

如:---What did you do last night? ---I did my homework.

---Where did you go last week? ---I went to Shanghai with my parents. Exercises:

一、按要求完成下列句子:

1. The children are having a good time in the park. (用last Sunday改写) The children _________ a good time in the park_________ _________.

2. Last week I read an English book. (改为否定句)

Last week I _________ _________an English book.

3. There were about nine hundred people at the concert.

否定句:____________________________________________

一般疑问句:________________________________________

对划线部分提问:____________________________________

4. There was only one problem.

否定句:____________________________________________

一般疑问句:________________________________________

对划线部分提问:____________________________________

5. Ann did her homework yesterday evening.

否定句:____________________________________________

一般疑问句:________________________________________

对划线部分提问:____________________________________

6. My brother was in the park just now.

否定句:____________________________________________

一般疑问句:________________________________________

对划线部分提问:____________________________________

7. She had some bread for lunch today.

否定句:____________________________________________

一般疑问句:________________________________________

对划线部分提问:____________________________________

二、用动词的适当形式填空:

1. I _________ (have) an exciting party last weekend.

2. _________ she _________ (practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she

________.

3. ---What ________ Tom ________ (do) last Saturday evening? ---He ________ (watch) TV and __________ (read) an interesting book.

4. They all __________ (go) to the mountains yesterday morning.

5. She _________ (not visit) her aunt last weekend. She ________ (stay) at home and _________ (do) some ___________ (clean).

6. When _________ you _________ (write) this song? I _________ (write) it last year.

7. Carol ___________ (study) for the math test and __________ (practice) English last night.

8. ---__________ Mr. Li __________ (do) the project last Monday morning? ---Yes, he _______.

9. ---How _________ (be) Jim’s weekend? ---It _________ (be not) bad.

10. ---___________ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? ---No, she __________.

11. There ___________ (be) only one tall building here now.

12. My aunt ___________ (travel) a lot every year.

13. The man ___________ (have) three horses, but now he ___________ (have) only two.

14. When the students ___________ (learn) the good news, they

___________ (be) proud of themselves.

15. Dick ___________ (jump) into a large hole as soon as he ___________ (see) the bear.

16. I don’t know why they ___________ (not go) to the movies last night.

17. Tom ___________ (fail) in the exam. He ___________ (look) upset now.

18. The teacher ___________ (be) pleased with the boy’s school work just now.

19. Alice ___________ (show) her uncle around the new neighborhood last Monday. 20. He ___________ (join) the army at the age of eighteen.

21. Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month.

22. Mike ____________ (not go) to bed until 12 o’clock last night.

23. Mary __________ (read) English every morning.

七年级下册英语语法整理

七年级英语下册语法整理 一、可数名词的单数变复数规则(规则变化): ①绝大多数名词的复数形式是在名词词尾加s,例如:bag—bags,apple-apples; ②以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,先变y为i,再加es。例如:family- families,dictionary- dictionaries; ③在以s,x, sh,ch 结尾的名词后加es。例如:Class- Classes,watch(手表)-watches; ④在以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为ves。例如:wife-wives,leaf-leaves; ⑤以o结尾的名词,有生命的加s,没有生命的加es。例如:piano-pianos,tomato-tomatoes,zoo-zoos。 可数名词的单数变复数(不规则变化): man-men;woman-women;child-children;chinese- chinese;Japanese- Japanese 二、一般现在时 含义:表反复、经常发生的动作,或存在的状态。 结构:常体现在动词上。当主语是第一人称、第二人称和第三人称复数形式时,动词用原形;当主语是第 三人称单数形式时,动词用三单式。 标志:常与often,usually,always,every day/morning/week/month/year…,sometimes(有时),on Sundays,never(从不,从来没有),once a week(每周一次)等连用。 用法:(1)一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作,或存在的状态。例如: ①I am a student.我是一个学生。(存在的状态)②He likes. apples.他喜欢苹果。③She has a bike.她有一辆自行车。 这些动词常与often,usually,always,every day/morning/week/month/year…,sometimes(有时),on Sundays,never(从不,从来没有),once a week(每周一次)等连用。例如: ④I go to school every day.我每天去上学。⑤He doesn't work on Sundays.他星期天不工作。 (2)表示普遍真理或客观事实。例如:① It is hot in summer.夏天天气热。(普遍真理/客观事实) ②There is a big tree near the house.房子附近有一棵大树。(客观事实) ③The sun rises.(v, 升起)in the east.太阳从东方升起。(普遍真理) (3)表示主语的特征、性格、状态或能力等。例如: ①He is at work now.他现在在工作。(表示主语的状态) ②Do you speak English?你会讲英语吗?(表示主语的能力) ③I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。(表示主语的喜好) (4)表示计划、安排的将来动作,也可用一般现在时。如go,come,leave,arrive, be,start,begin等动词常可以这样使用。例如:①She comes. back tonight.她今晚回来。(现在还未到晚上,她还未回来) ②The metting is at 8:30,don't be late .八点钟开会,别迟到。(会还未开,还没有迟到) 构成:一般现在时由“主语+动词”构成。根据我们的学习内容,把动词分为三类—系动词be(即is,am,are),have

七年级下册英语语法点总结

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