2015科技论文的阅读与写作5

• • • •
• •
• •
File Type publishing platform supports many file types File Size Supporting Information files must be under 10MB, although exceptions can be made if absolutely necessary. Very large files can be submitted compressed where appropriate. Naming Conventions Supporting Information may be named in almost any way as long as it contains an "S" and its number. Common examples include Alternative Language Abstract S1, Checklist S1, Dataset S1, Figure S1, Protocol S1, Table S1, Text S1. In-Text Citations While it is highly recommended, it is not technically required that all Supporting Information be cited in the text. Citations need not be in numerical order, as is required for regular publishing figures and tables.
• 只著录公开发表的文献。保密，内部刊物资料 和个人通讯等均不作为参考文献列出。已被有 关刊物接受但尚未发表的文献可以列入，但应 在刊名后著明“in press‖
著录的原则和主要规定
• 多次引用同一著者的同一文献时, 在正文 中标注首次引用的文献序号. • 副刊在刊名后加(副刊), 英文用(Suppl), S 大写 • 引用的论点必须准确无误,不能断章取义
参考文献类型
专著 论文集 报纸文章 期刊文章 学位论文 报告 标准 专利 数据库 电子公告
文献类型与文献载体代码
根据 GB3469 － 83 《文献类型与文献载体代码》规定，对于 以纸张为载体的传统文献类型以单字母标识，数据库和电子 公告等电子文献类型以双字母标识。 文献类型标识：
• • • • 专著M ； 报纸N ；期刊J ；专利文献P；汇编G ；古籍O；技术标准S ； 学位论文D ；科技报告R；参考工具K ；检索工具W；档案B ；录音带A； 图表Q；唱片L；产品样本X；录相带V；会议录C；中译文T； 乐谱I； 电影片Y；手稿H；微缩胶卷U ；幻灯片Z；微缩平片F；其他E。 DB （数据库） EB（电子公告）
• We suggest the following kind of format (please use initials to refer to each author's contribution): AB carried out the molecular genetic studies, participated in the sequence alignment and drafted the manuscript. JY carried out the immunoassays. MT participated in the sequence alignment. ES participated in the design of the study and performed the statistical analysis. FG conceived of the study, and participated in its design and coordination and helped to draft the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. • All contributors who do not meet the criteria for authorship should be listed in an acknowledgements section. Examples of those who might be acknowledged include a person who provided purely technical help, writing assistance, or a department chair who provided only general support
• 如果在致谢中提及某人，要征得被感谢人的同 意。明智的做法是把拟好的致谢给那些要感谢 的人看。与其给出不合适的致谢还不如不要致 谢。如果确实很感激朋友和同事的建议和帮助， 就应该细心一点，用他们喜欢而不是讨厌的方 式来感谢他们。 • 此外，感谢别人的想法、建议或说明时，务必 具体指明这些内容。
• We thank ____for generously sharing the microarray data and for their critical review of the manuscript. • We also thank ______ for his critical review of the manuscript and comments. • This work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No ) to __.
Authors' contributions
In order to give appropriate credit to each author of a paper, the individual contributions of authors to the manuscript should be specified in this section. • An "author" is generally considered to be someone who has made substantive intellectual contributions to a published study. To qualify as an author one should 1) have made substantial contributions to conception and design, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; 2) have been involved in drafting the manuscript or revising it critically for important intellectual content; and 3) have given final approval of the version to be published. Each author should have participated sufficiently in the work to take public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content. • Acquisition of funding, collection of data, or general supervision of the research group, alone, does not justify authorship.
Acknowledgements
• 感谢别人（实验室同事或者任何其他人） 给予的重要技术帮助，还要感谢提供了 特殊实验设备或相关材料的个人或组织 （Thanks are due to J. Jones for assistance with the experiments and R. Smith for valuable discussion.。 • 感谢接受的经费资助，比如基金、合同、 奖学金等。
参考文献条目的编排格式
• a.专著、论文集、学位论文、报告 • [序号］主要责任者.文献题名［文献类型标识］.出版地:
出版者，出版年.起止页码. ［1］刘国钧，陈绍业，王凤翥.图书馆目录［M].北 京:高等教育出版社，1957.15-18. ［2］辛希孟.信息技术和信息服务国际研讨会论文 集:A集［C］.北京:中国社会科学出版社，1994. ［3］张筑生.微分半动力系统的不变集［D］.北京: 北京大学数学系数学研究所，1983. ［4］冯西桥.核反应堆压力管道和压力容器的LBB 分析［R］.北京:清华大学核能技术设计研究院，1997.
• ［文献类型标识/载体类型标识］
•
•百度文库
• • •
［DB/OL］——联机网上数据库(database online) ［DB/MT］——磁带数据库(database on magnetic tape) ［M/CD］——光盘图书(monograph on CDROM) ［CP/DK］——磁盘软件(computer program on disk) [J/OL］——网上期刊(serial online) ［EB/OL］——网上电子公告(electronic bulletin board online)
科技论文的阅读与写作
王 伟
2014.11.04
Introduction
Material and methods
Results Discussion Authors' contributions Acknowledgements Supplemental Information/Supporting Information References
参考文献著录的目的与作用
• 反映作者的科学态度和论文具有真实、广泛的 科学依据，也能反映出该论著的起点和深度。 • 区分论文作者的成果与前人的成果 • 起索引作用，方便读者快速检索和查找有关图 书资料 • 节省论文篇幅 • 有助于科技情报人员进行文献情报检索
著录的原则和主要规定
• 著录最必要、最新的文献。要求作者列出亲自 阅读过的有关最新文献，一般不引用转引文献。 避免使用摘要做参考文献。
Supporting Information
A Supporting Information file is published not directly in the article, but as a hyperlink from the online version of an article. ancillary Generally the information contained in these files is ancillary to the article's content, but occasionally important data are included if the file size is excessive or the file type is not supported in the main article.
参考文献
为撰写或编辑论文和著作而引用的有关 文献信息资源
论文中过多引用参考文献，给人的感觉不 是治学严谨，而是作者对论文内容极度地 不自信。 -W . C. Roberts
• 是科技论文的重要组成部分,既不能随意 省略,也不能任意标注. 是为撰写或编辑 论著而引用的有关资料. • 在各种类型出版物中,凡是引用前人或他 人的观点,数据等都要在正文中出现的地 方标明.并在文末将作者、题名、版本、 出版项等重要信息或获取方式按照一定 的形式和结构列出参考文献的著录。