2015贵州大学考博英语题型分析
贵州民族大学考博英语真题

贵州民族大学考博英语真题1、It’s raining heavily outside. Don’t leave _______ it stops. [单选题] *A. whileB. sinceC. until(正确答案)D. when2、It took a long time to _______ Tom to go shopping with me. [单选题] *A. speakB. tellC. persuade(正确答案)D. talk3、_____he was seriously ill, I wouldn’t have told him the truth. [单选题] *A.If I knewB.Had I known(正确答案)C.Did I knowD.Were I known4、( )He gave us____ on how to keep fit. [单选题] *A. some advicesB. some advice(正确答案)C. an adviceD. a advice5、There ______ a football match and a concert this weekend.()[单选题] *A. isB. haveC. will be(正确答案)D. will have6、We should have breakfast every day to keep ______. [单选题] *A. healthB. healthy(正确答案)C. healthilyD. the healthy7、--Whose _______ are these?? ? ? --I think they are John·s. [单选题] *A. keyB. keyesC. keys(正确答案)D. keies8、Sometimes Americans are said to be _____. [单选题] *A superficially friendB superficial friendC. superficial friendlyD. superficially friendly(正确答案)9、Li Jing often helps me ______ my geography.()[单选题] *A. atB. inC. ofD. with(正确答案)10、Mike and his friend are going to the _______ to see the new action movie tonight. [单选题] *A. book shopB. restaurantC. concertD. cinema(正确答案)11、You cannot see the doctor _____ you have made an appointment with him. [单选题] *A. exceptB.evenC. howeverD.unless(正确答案)12、A good teacher is able to_____a complicated idea in very simple terms. [单选题] *A.put across(正确答案)B.break upC.work outD.bring out13、20.Sometimes it often rains ________ in my hometown in summer. [单选题] * A.heavyB.hardlyC.heavily(正确答案)D.strongly14、22.______ is convenient to travel between Pudong and Puxi now. [单选题] *A.It(正确答案)B.ThisC.ThatD.What15、There _____ wrong with my radio. [单选题] *A. are somethingB. are anythingC. is anythingD. is something(正确答案)16、Jim will _______ New York at 12 o’clock. [单选题] *A. get onB. get outC. get offD. get to(正确答案)17、She _______ be here. [单选题] *A. is gladB. is so glad to(正确答案)C. am gladD. is to18、9.There will be a lot of activities at English Festival nest month. Which one would you like to ________? [单选题] *A.take part in (正确答案)B.joinC.attendD.go19、_____ whether robots will one day have vision as good as human vision. [单选题] *A. What is not yet knownB. It is not yet known(正确答案)C. As is not yet knownD. This is not yet known20、Lucy _______ at 7:00 every day. [单选题] *A. go to schoolB. goes to school(正确答案)C. to go to schoolD. went?to?school21、You have failed two tests. You’d better start working harder, ____ you won’t pass the course. [单选题] *A. andB. soC. butD. or(正确答案)22、Last week they _______ in climbing the Yuelu Mountain. [单选题] *A. succeeded(正确答案)B. succeedC. successD. successful23、_______, making some DIY things is fashionable. [单选题] *A. Stand outB. In ones opinionC. In my opinion(正确答案)D. Out of fashion24、11.________ big furniture shop it is! [单选题] *A.HowB.WhatC.What a (正确答案)D.What an25、—Who came to your office today, Ms. Brown?—Sally came in. She hurt ______ in P. E. class. ()[单选题] *A. sheB. herC. hersD. herself(正确答案)26、Could you please ______ why you can’t come to attend the meeting? [单选题] *A. explain(正确答案)B. understandC. giveD. reach27、Don’t forget _______ those books when you are free. [单选题] *A. to read(正确答案)B. readingC. readD. to reading28、Which animal do you like _______, a cat, a dog or a bird? [单选题] *A. very muchB. best(正确答案)C. betterD. well29、7.—I've got some ________.—Great! I'd like to write with it. [单选题] * A.funB.chalk(正确答案)C.waterD.time30、He was proud of what he had done. [单选题] *A. 对…感到自豪(正确答案)B. 对…感到满足C. 对…表示不满D. 对…表示后悔。
2015~2017年中国社会科学院考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】

2015年中国社会科学院考博英语真题及详解PART Ⅰ: Vocabulary and GrammarSection A (10 points)Directions: Choose the answer that best fills in the blank.1. Even the president is not really the CEO. No one is. Power in a corporation is concentrated and vertically structured. Power in Washington is _____ and horizontally spread out.A. prudentB. reversibleC. diffuseD. mandatory【答案】C【解析】句意:甚至总统也不是真正的首席执行官,谁都不是。
在公司中,权力集中且垂直分布。
在华盛顿,权力分散且平行分布。
diffuse散开的。
prudent谨慎的,节俭的。
reversible 可逆的,可撤销的。
mandatory强制的,命令的。
2. In describing the Indians of the various sections of the United States at different stages in their history, some of the factors which account for their similarity amid difference can be readily accounted for, others are difficult to _____.A. refineB. discernC. embedD. cluster【答案】B【解析】句意:在描述美国历史中不同阶段不同地区的印第安人中,一些影响他们不同点之间的相似点的因素能够很容易的解释清楚,而其他的却很难看出。
2015年贵州省高考英语试卷及答案

2015年贵州省高考英语试卷及答案要高考了,英语怎么办呢?赶紧和店铺一起做份2015年贵州省高考英语试卷吧,希望对各位有帮助!2015年贵州省高考英语试卷第Ⅰ卷第一部分阅读理解 (共两节,满分40分)第一节 (共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
(A)Several years ago I was diagnosed with cancer. It was the most difficult time I have ever faced. I think it was my sense of humor that allowed me to hold onto my sanity (心智健全). Like many people who have gone through chemotherapy (化疗), I lost all of my hair, being bald as a golf ball. I always had enjoyed wearing hats, so I ordered several special hats with the hair already attached. It was easy and I never had to worry about how my hair looked.I have always been a big golf fan. At one point during my cancer treatments, my husband John and I decided to get away from the cold Minnesota winter and took a trip to Scottsdale, Arizona. There was a Senior PGA Tour even called “The Tradition” being played, and that seemed like just the ticket to lift my spirits.The first day of the tournament brought out a huge crowd. It was a beautiful day, and I was in heaven, I was standing and watching my three favorite golfers in the world approach the tee box (开球区): Jack Nicklaus, Raymond Floyd and Tom Weiskopf.Just as they arrived at the tee, the unimaginable happened.A huge gust of wind came up from out of nowhere and blew myhat and hair right off my head and into the middle of the fairway (球道)! The thousands of people lining the fairway fell into an awkward silence, all eyes on me. Even my three favorite golfers were watching me, as my hair was in their flight path. I was ashamed! Embarrassed as I was, I knew I couldn’t just stand there. Someone had to do something to get things moving again.So I took a deep breath and out into the middle of the fairway.I took hold of my hat and hair, put them back on my head as best I could. Then I turned to the golfers and loudly announced, “Gentlemen, the wind is blowing from left to right.”They said the laughter could be heard all the way to the nineteenth hole.1.What made the author remain mentally healthy even in her illness?A. The Tradition.B. The treatment.C. Her family.D. Her humor.2.The underlined phrase in Para. 3 “in heaven” probably means “___”.A. scaredB. embarrassedC. puzzledD. excited3.Why did the author go into the fairway to pick up her hat and hair?A. To amuse the golfers.B. To give a weather report.C. To have the game restarted.D. To draw others’ attention.4.We can know from the text that the author ___ .A. was fond of wearing hatsB. was an excellent golferC. planed to live in ScottsdaleD. felt worried her hair(B)Food and drink makers are adding caffeine (咖啡因) to a growing number of products. Is it safe for kids to consume these products?You may have heard adu lts say they can’t get going in themorning without a cup of coffee. One reason why they may feel that way is that coffee contains caffeine, a substance (物质) known to improve and increase energy. Caffeine occurs naturally in coffee, tea, and cocoa beans, which are used to make chocolate. But now food makers are adding caffeine to many products, from popcorn and potato chips to water. “It’s possible for all of this caffeine consumption to add up and become dangerous,” says Virginia Stallings, a doctor at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia.Studies show that too much caffeine can cause inability to sleep, and a racing heartbeat. What’s more, caffeine is habit-forming. Those who consume it regularly and stop suddenly may experience headaches and feel tired.One of the biggest problems is the large amount of caffeine added to so-called energy drinks, like Red Bull. A 12-ounce can of cola has about 35 milligrams of caffeine. A similar serving of Red Bull contains more than triple (三倍) that amount. Emergency-room visits related to energy-drink consumption were up from 10,068 visits in 2007 to 20,783 in 2011.Teenagers should be aware of caffeine’s effects on health and on the brain. Take, for example, teenagers who consume caffeine to stay awake and study for a test. The effect? Research shows they may remember less of what they just studied.So what can be done to protect young people from the harmful effects of caffeine? Michael Jacobson of the Center for Science in the Public Interest, says the FDA needs to set limits on caffeine, especially in energy drinks. The amount of caffeine should be printed on food labels to warn consumers. Doctors say kids should avoid caffeine. If you need extra energy, try these natural methods instead: eating right, exercising, and gettingplenty of sleep.5.According to the text, it’s dangerous to add more ___ to drinks.A. teaB. chocolateC. yoghurtD. caffeine6.What should the FDA do in protecting the consumers?A. Draw up a project about physical exercise.B. Forbid kids from having water with caffeine.C. Create a set of standards on caffeine products.D. Not allow energy drinks to appear in the market.7.What can we learn from the text?A. Cola has much more caffeine the Red Bull.B. More people are suffering from energy drinks.C. Drinking enough Red Bull can help sleep well.D. Having too much caffeine can improve memory.8.The text is written mainly for those ___ .A. who often have headachesB. who are caffeine-product loversC. who usually feel tiredD. who are food and drink makers(C)As weather cools across the United States, a growing number of Americans visit farms. They harvest apples, enjoy hay wagon rides and walk in the fields. These people are called “agri-tourists”. They improve the economy of rural areas and h elp farmers increase their profits.School children are walking in a corn field maze (迷宫). The corn is cut into tricky passageways that make it difficult to find a way out. The children are from Yorktown Elementary School in Bowie Maryland. They have traveled to Montpelier Farms in Prince George’s County which is also in Maryland. The farm is about 40 kilometers from The White House.Debbie Pierson is the student’s teacher. “We go on these kind of field trips so that the children will have a hands-on experi ence of what it’s like to be on a farm,” Pierson said.Amy Etsy-Smith is visiting the farm with her children. “We come about once a year, lots of fun, yes. The kids enjoy it. This was her favorite part, was choosing the pumpkin.” Amy said.When Mike Dunn opened the family farm to agri-tourists in 2008, he had only a corn maze, a pumpkin field and hay wagon rides. But he says, so many people visited that he soon increased the number of activities. He hopes to make a larger profit from visitors than from farm ing someday. “Our agri-tourism income might be 30 percent of our entire farm income. We’d like to grow it to one day maybe 60 percent,” Dunn said.Americans spent more than $700 million on agri-tourism activities in the United States in 2012. That is an increase of 24 percent from 2007.9.When do Americans prefer to pay a visit to family farms?A. In spring.B. In summer.C. In autumn.D. In winter.10.Mike Dunn added some other activities to his farm because he wanted ___ .A. to earn much more moneyB. to develop agriculture betterC. to solve problems on farmingD. to compete with other farms11.We may infer from the last two paragraphs that ___ .A. field trips can help to promote industrial productionB. agri-tourism is becoming more and more popular in AmericaC. farmers will make more money in farming than farming tripsD. Americans will spend less than $700 million on field tripsin 2016(D)Have you ever felt somebody else’s pain? You’re not alone, with new research showing some people do have a physical reaction to others’ injuries.British researchers used brain-imaging technology (影像工程学) to show that people who say they feel the pain of others have heightened activity in pain- sensing brain regions when they see someone else being hurt. For the study, the researchers exposed 108 college students to images of painful situation, ranging from athletes suffering sports injuries to patients receiving an injection. Nearly a third said that, for at least one image, they not only had an emotional reaction, but also felt pain in the same site as the injury in the image.The researchers found that while viewing the painful images, both people who said they felt pain and those who did not showed activity in the emotional centers of the brain. But those who felt pain showed greater activity in pain-related brain regions compared with the others.“Patients with functional pain experience pain in the absence of an obvious disease or injury to explain their pain. This confirms that at least some people have an actual physical reaction when observing others being injured or expressing pain,” Dr. Stuart Derbyshire of the University of Birmingham, one of the researchers, told reporters.He noted that the people reported feeling pain also tended to say that they avoided horror movies and disturbing images on the news – so as to avoid being in pain.The findings were published in the December issue of the journal Pain.12.The underlined words “a third” probably refer to ___ .A. sportsmen experiencing painB. the 36 students involved in the studyC. patients receiving an injectionD. the 108 students exposed to the images13.The researchers observed the students’ emotional activity in their ___ .A. brain regionsB. eye regionsC. facesD. voices14.If you are allergi c to pain, you’d better get away from ___ .A. reading journalsB. seeing scary moviesC. listening to the newsD. going to the concert15.What would be the best title for the text?A. Emotional Centers of Your BrainB. You Can Use Brain-imaging TechnologyC. You Can Feel Others’ PainD. Painful Images to the Researchers第二节 (共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
贵州统招专升本2015年英语答案

贵州统招专升本2015年英语答案I. Phonetics(5 points)Directions: In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A, B. C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identity the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. A. land B. lamb C. father D. ladder2. A. challenge B. cheap C. choose D. character3. A. sweat B. please C. beat D. meat4. A. rescue B. league C. pursue D. argue5. A. action B. section C. solution D. questionII. Vocabulary and Structure (15 points)Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.6. There no one to help me at this moment, I need to handle the work all by myself.A. beB. beingC. to be7. Mary took a part-time job last summer , but her parents were unhappy about she did.A. theseB. whichC. thatD. what8. I did not do well on the writing exam , for the topic to write on was un 信miliar one.II. toIII. forIV. withV. about9.1 can hardly distinguish the two girls, since they look quite8. like9. unlike10. alike11. likelyE. You'd better speak loudly at the meeting everyone can hear you.E. except thatF. such thatG. in thatF. Peter would stay at home watching TV than go shopping with his mom.A. ratherB. quiteC. betterD. stillG. By the time you return in two years , your hometown will new look.A. have taken onB. take onC. have been taken onD. be taken onH. Please make sure that your name is entered in the space when you fill out this form.A. vacantVI. bareVII. blankVIII. empty12. Reading aloud every day can be one of the most ways to improve your spoken English.J. effectiveK. favoriteL. favorable13. If Peter had told his teacher about his difficulty in math homework , she him before the exam.I. helpsJ. will helpK. would have helpedL. would helps14. all the difficulties, the researcher c»ntlnued her research.E. In case ofF. In spite ofG. Because ofH. Instead of15. The organizers of the conference have arranged hotel rooms for those students from out of town.E. to comeF. comeG. comingH. to have come16. The job applicant was worried about the interview he was wellprepared..A. ifB. becauseG whenD. thoughC. It was suggested that this hardworking girl an example for other students.A. besetB. will be setC. could be setD. had been setD. Since computers were Introduced , they to be useful tools for people weak in math.A. had provedB. have provedC. will proveD. are provingIII. Cloze(30 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passage , there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer SheeLIn our online life , we need to use passwords frequently. We use passwords 21 e-maiL gaming sites , social networking sites, and other shopping sites. 22 rthe passwords most people use are not very 23 and can easily be "broken" by others. In fact , the most commonly used passwords are so simple that it requires very 24 effort to figure them out. Can you guess 25 the most commonly used passwords are? They are: Names of baseball teams, birth dates of a family 26 , the year of a special sports event, the random numbers like 156468, 27 the name of a friend , pet, favorite T'V star, or band .There are programs 28 to break into people's online accounts. These programs are a 29 of trying every word in the English dictionary and the dictionaries 30 many foreign languages , in their effort to break into an account. 31 can even search words backward. Some will try 32 words or words that are followed by numbers, 33 school222. These programs can test millions of passwords in a few minutes. So , you are advised to be careful about 34 passwords so that they will be hard to break, You are also advised not to make them 35 hand to remember. Meanwhile, you need to change them once in a while.21. A. to B. with C. by D. for22. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Besides23. A. natural B. safe C. strange D. clear24. A. minor B. small C. little D. tiny25. A. what B. who C. where D. which26. A. figure B. member C. creature D. character27. A. as close as B. as good as C. as dear as D. as well as28. A. formed B. shaped C. composed D. designed29. A. typical B. capable C. sure D. true30. A. from B. with C. of D. for31. A. They B. It C. That D. Those32. A. added B. gathered C. combined D. collected33. A. such as B. except for C. as for D. as of34. A. locating B. searching C. choosing D. tracking35. A. rather B. too C. far D. enoughIV. Reading Comprehension(60 points)Directions: There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions , For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer SheetPassage OneSound sleep occurs when one's internal clock is regulated. Grcadian rhythms(^®i5$) can become compromised quite easily. Many people with sleep troubles tend to vary bedtimes. To avoid this common problem , sleep sufferers should go to bed and wake up at the same time every day. To help improve circadian rhythms , sufferers should enjoy 15minutes of sun exposure the first thing in the morning.A bedtime routine can help prevent insomn沽(失。
考博英语阅读理解试题分类解析-考试要求、命题形式与解题技巧【圣才出品】

第一部分考试要求、命题形式与解题技巧一、考试要求阅读理解(Reading Comprehension)是博士生入学英语考试的重要组成部分,该题型一直是各院校考查的重点,为每年必考题型而且比重最大(个别院校除外),分值比重一般为30%或40%(电子科技大学达到50%)。
为了顺利通过博士生入学英语考试,考生必须高度重视阅读理解能力的训练和提高。
(一)测试要求在国家教育部颁布的《非英语专业研究生英语教学大纲》中关于“读”的能力要求为:掌握并能运用各项阅读技能(如概括中心思想,猜词悟意,预见,推理和推论等),具有语法水平上的分析能力。
能较顺利地阅读并正确理解有相当难度的一般性题材文章和其他读物,达到每分钟60-70个词,读后能够理解中心思想及内容。
计时阅读难度略低,生词不超过总词数2%的材料,速度达到每分钟100-120个词,读后能理解中心思想及主要内容。
总阅读量:精读30000个词左右,泛读80000个词左右。
原国家教委发布的《非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程考试大纲》(试行稿)明确指出,阅读理解的测试目的主要是考查学生通过阅读材料获取信息的能力,要求考生在快速阅读材料的同时,能够正确地理解材料的意思。
具体而言,阅读理解主要测试考生如下几方面的能力:(1)所掌握词汇量的深度和广度,准确把握某些词和词组在上下文中特定含义的能力;(2)迅速总结所读材料的中心思想和段落大意,并找出一些表露作者观点的关键句子的能力;(3)对所读材料各段落之间的逻辑意义进行判断、推理和引申的能力;(4)注意一些对理解全文或某个关键句子起着重要的作用的细节问题的能力;(5)领会作者的观点和判断作者的态度,或者从阅读材料所隐含的意思中推断出作者的观点和态度的能力。
总之,阅读理解部分不但要求掌握所读材料的主旨大意、中心思想,而且要求考生注意文中细节;不但要求对具体事实情节的理解,而且要求对其抽象含义的理解,既要理解字面意思,又要理解其深层含义,包括作者的态度、观点、意图等;既要求理解文中某句、某段的含义及全文的逻辑关系,又要求根据其含义及逻辑关系进行判断和推理;既要求考生能够运用材料中的信息去理解、分析问题,又要求考生能运用应有的常识去分析、理解问题。
2015年全国医学统考考博英语真题与答案解析

目录医学考博英语历年真题 (2)2015年全国医学博士英语统一入学考试试卷 (2)2015年全国医学博士英语统一入学考试试题参考答案及解析 (17)2015年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试卷录音原文 (29)本试题含阅读文章大意分析,听力含答案解析,有听力原文。
医学考博英语历年真题2015年全国医学博士英语统一入学考试试卷Part I Listening Comprehension(30%)Section ADirections:In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,you will hear a question about what is said.The question will be read only once.After you hear the question,read the four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Listen to the following example.You will hear:Woman:I fell faint.Man:No wonder You haven't had a bite all day.Question:What's the matter with the woman?You will read:A.She is sick.B.She is bitten by an ant.C.She is hungry.D.She spilled her paint.Here C is the right answer.Sample AnswerA B●D Now let's begin with question number1.1. A.How to deal with his sleeping problem. B.The cause of his sleeping problem.C.What follows his insomnia.D.The severity of his medical problem.2. A.To take the medicine for a longer time. B.To discontinue the medication.C.To come to see her again.D.To switch to other medications.3. A.To tale it easy and continue to work. B.To take a sick leave.C.To keep away from work.D.To have a follow-up.4. A.Fullness in the stomach. B.Occasional stomachache.C.Stomach distention.D.Frequent belches.5. A.extremely severe. B.Not very severe.C.More severe than expected.D.It's hard to say.6. A.He has lost some weight. B.He has gained a lot.C.He needs to exercise more.D.He is still overweight.7. A.She is giving the man an injection. B.She is listening to the man's heart.C.She is feeling the man's pulse.D.She is helping the man stop shivering.8. A.In the gym. B.In the office.C.In the clinic.D.In the boat.9. A.Diarrhea. B.Vomiting.C.Nausea.D.A cold.10. A.She has developed allergies. B.She doesn't know what allergies are.C.She doesn't have any allergies.D.She has allergies treated already.11. A.Listen to music. B.Read magazines.C.Go play tennis.D.Stay in the house.12. A.She isn't feeling well. B.She is under pressure.C.She doesn't like the weatherD.She is feeling relieved.13. A.Michael's wife was ill B.Michael's daughter was ill.C.Michael's daughter gave birth to twins.D.Michael was hospitalized for a check-up.14. A.She is absent-minded. B.She is in high spirits.C.She is indifferent.D.She is compassionate.15. A.Ten years ago. B.Five years ago.C.Fifteen years ago.D.Several weeks ago.Section BDirections:In this section you will hear one conversation and two passages'after each of which,you will hear five questions.After each question,read the four possible answers marked A,B,C and D.Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Dialogue16. A.A blood test. B.A gastroscopy.C.A chest X-ray exam.D.A barium X-ray test.17. A.To lose some weight. B.To take a few more tests.C.To sleep on three pillows.D.To eat smaller,lighter meals.18. A.Potato chips. B.Chicken. C.Cereal. D.fish.19. A.Ulcer B.Cancer C.Depression. D.Hernia.20. A.He will try the diet the doctor recommended.B.He will ask for a sick leave and relax at home.C.He will take the medicine the doctor prescribed.D.He will take a few more tests to rule out cancer.Passage One21. A.A new concept of diabetes.B.The definition of Type1and Type2diabetes.C.The new management of diabetics in the hospital.D.The new development of non-perishable insulin pills.22. A.Because it vaporizes easily.B.Because it becomes overactive easily.C.Because it is usually in injection form.D.Because it is not stable above40degrees Fahrenheit.23. A.The diabetics can be cured without taking synthetic insulin any longer.B.The findings provide insight into how insulin works.C.Insulin can be more stable than it is now.D.Insulin can be produced naturally.24. A.It is stable at room temperature for several years.B.It is administered directly into the bloodstream。
2015年南京大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2015年南京大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English TranslationStructure and V ocabulary1.The ambassador was accused of having______on domestic affairs.A.trespassedB.encroachedC.entrenchedD.invaded正确答案:B解析:近义词词义辨析。
encroach,invade,trespass这三个词均指损害他人权利,侵占其财产或侵犯别国的领土。
encroach通常指蚕食,即逐渐地、不声不响或偷偷摸摸地进入别国的领土,或攫取别人的财物,侵犯他人的权利,常与介词on或upon连用。
invade暗示着明目张胆、凶残与暴行,常用来指一国武装侵略另一国。
也可用来指疾病、虫害的侵袭。
trespass是个法律用语,指未经许可进入私人土地,或非法侵入,常与on或upon连用。
句中提及侵犯他国内政,encroach更加符合语境。
entrench与on搭配使用时表示挖掘壕沟,与题意不符。
故答案为B。
2.The goal is to use crops, weeds and even animal waste______the petroleum that fuels much of American manufacturing.A.in terms ofB.in favor ofC.in spite ofD.in place of正确答案:D解析:介词词组辨析。
句中crops,weeds,animal waste与petroleum“石油”对比可知,这两组是性质不同的能源,由此可知空格处的词组应为“取代”的意思,选项中只有D表示“取代,替换”的意思。
2015博士英语试题讲解
财政部财政科学研究所2015年招收攻读博士学位研究生入学考试英语试题PART ONE: Grammar (15 points)Directions: Below each sentence, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentence or that best completes the sentence. Please write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. The quality of teaching should be measured by the degree the students’potentiality is developed.A. of whichB. with whichC. in whichD. to which2. Another food crop raised by Indians strange to the European was called Indian corn.A. who wereB. that wereC. that wasD. who was3. We moved to the new house in the suburbs so that the kids would have a garden .A. in which to playB. to play withC. to playD. where to play4. There are many copper mines in the state of Arizona, contributes significantly to the state’s economy.A. a factB. which factC. whose factD. that5. Hydrogen is the fundamental element of the universe it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced.A. so thatB. but thatC. in thatD. provided that6. Nearly all trees contains a mix of polymers that can burn like petroleum properly extracted.A. afterB. ifC. when itD. is7. The early years of the United States government were characterized by a debate concerning or individual states should have more power.A. whether the federal governmentB. either the federal governmentC. that the federal governmentD. the federal government8. Exploration of the Solar System is continuing, and at the present rate of progress all the planets within the next 50 years.A. will have been contactedB. will have contactedC. will be contactedD. will contact9. By the year of 2025, scientists probably a cure for cancer.A. will be discoveringB. are discoveringC. will have discoveredD. have discovered10. Thomas Edison’s first patented invention was a device in Congress.A. for counting votesB. that counting votesC. counts votesD. counted votes11. Using many symbols makes to put a large amount of information on a single map.A. possibleB. it is possibleC. it possibleD. that possible12. Anna was reading a piece of science fiction, completely to the outside world.A. being lostB. having lostC. losingD. lost13. Beef cattle of all livestock for economic growth in the certain geographicregions.A. the most are importantB. are the most importantC. is the most importantD. that are most important14. advance and retreat in their eternal rhythms, but the surface of the sea itself isnever at rest.A. Not only when the tides doB. As the tides not only doC. Not only do the tidesD. Do the tides not only15. divorce ourselves from the masses of the people.A. In no time we shouldB. In no time should weC. At no time we shouldD. At no time should wePART TWO: Reading comprehension (20 points)Directions:There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1 (5 points)The good news made headlines nationwide: Deaths from several kinds of cancer have declined significantly in recent years. But the news has to be bittersweet for many cancer patients and their families. Every year, more than 500000 people in the United States still die of cancer. In fact, more than half of all patients diagnosed with cancer will die of their disease within a few years. And while it’s true survival is longer today than in the past, thequality of life for these patients is often greatly diminished. Cancer –and many of the treatments used to fight it - causes pain, nausea, fatigue, and anxiety that routinely go undertreated or untreated.In the nation’s single-minded focus on curing cancer, we have inadvertently devalued the critical need for palliative care, which focuses on alleviating physical and psychological symptoms over the course of the disease. Nothing would have a greater impact on the daily lives of cancer patients and their families than good symptom control and supportive therapy. Yet the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the federal government’s leader in cancer research and training, spent less than one percent of its 1999 budget on any aspect of research or training in palliative care.The nation needs to get serious about reducing needless suffering. NCI should commit to and fund research aimed at improving symptom control and palliative care. NCI also could designate “centers of excellence” among the cancer centers it recognizes. To get that designation, centers would deliver innovative, top-quality palliative care to all segments of the populations the centers serve; train professionals in medicine, nursing, psychology, social work, and other disciplines to provide palliative care; and conduct research.Insurance coverage for palliative and hospice care also contributes to the problem by forcing people to choose between treatment or hospice care. This “either/or” approach does not readily allow these two types of essential care to be integrated. The Medicare hospice benefit is designed specifically for people in the final stages of illness and allows enrollment only if patients are expected to survive six months or less. The benefit excludes patients from seeking both palliative care and potentially life-extending treatment.That makes hospice enrollment an obvious deterrent for many patients. And hospices, which may have the most skilled practitioners and the most experience in administering palliative care, cannot offer their services to people who could really benefit but still are pursuing active treatment.It is innately human to comfort and provide care to those suffering from cancer, particularly those close to death. Yet what seems self-evident at an individual, personal level has not guided policy at the level of institutions in this country. Death is inevitable, but severe suffering is not. To offer hope for a long life of the highest possible quality and to deliver the best quality cancer care from diagnoses to death, our public institutions need to move toward policies that value and promote palliative care.16. Palliative care is concerned with improving patients’.A. survival ratesB. quality of lifeC. lifespansD. options for health insurance providers17. According to the author, research on palliative care for .A. is more important than research for cancer curesB. has been overlooked by researchersC. is virtually non-existentD. is regarded by researchers as a frivolous topic18. The main problem of insurance coverage for hospice care and active treatment isthat .A. it does not allow patients to seek bothB. it only covers patients whose life expectancy is less than six monthsC. it deprives patients of the right to choose between two proven treatment methodsD. hospice care is only covered when it may extend a patient’s life expectancy19. Hospices offer cancer patients .A. an alternative to palliative careB. comfort in their early stages of illnessC. skilled and experienced palliative careD. an alternative to active treatment20. This text is mainly about .A. improving cancer research in the U.SB. reforming insurance coverage for cancer patientsC. understanding different options for cancer treatment and careD. reducing the suffering of cancer patientsPassage 2 (5 points)Man and women do think differently, at least where the anatomy of the brain is concerned, according to a new study. The brain is made primarily of two different types of tissue, called gray matter and white matter. This new research reveals that men think more with their gray matter, and women think more with white. Researchers stressed that just because the two sexes think differently, this does not affect intellectual performance.Psychology professor Richard Haier of the University of California, Irvine led the research along with colleagues from the University of New Mexico. Their findings show that in general, men have nearly 6.5 times the amount of gray matter related intelligence compared with women, whereas women have nearly 10 times the amount of white matter related to intelligence compared with men. “These findings suggested that human evolution has created two different types of brains designed for equally intelligent behavior,”said Haier, adding that, “by pinpointing these gender-based intelligence areas, the study has the potential to aid research on dementia and other cognitive-impairment diseases in the brain.The results are detailed in the online version of the journal NeuroImage. In human brains, gray matter represents information processing centers, whereas white matter works to network these processing centers. The results from this study may help explain why men and women excel at different types of tasks, said co-author and neuropsychologist Rex Jung of the University of New Mexico. For example, men tend to do better with tasks requiring more localized processing, such as mathematics, Jung said, while women are better at integrating and assimilating information from distributed gray-matter regions of the brain, which aids language skills. Scientists find it very interesting that while men and women use two very different activity centers and neurological pathways, men and women perform equally well on broad measures of cognitive ability, such as intelligence tests.This research also gives insight to why different types of head injuries are more disastrous to one sex or the other. For example, in women 84 percent of gray matter regions and 86 percent of white matter regions involved in intellectual performance were located inthe frontal lobes, whereas the percentages of these regions in a man’s frontal lobes are 45 percent and zero, respectively. This matches up well with clinical data that shows frontal lobe damage in women to be much more destructive than the same type of damage in men. Both Haier and Jung hope that this research with someday help doctors diagnose brain disorders in men and women earlier, as well as provide help designing more effective and precise treatments for brain damage.21. Which of the following statements is true, according to paragraph 1 ?A. The brain is a monolithic organ.B. Intellectual ability depends on which part of the brain is used.C. Intellectual ability varies between men and women.D. The anatomy of men’s brains and women’s brains differ.22. According to paragraph 2, this discovery is significant because .A. it is necessary to understand the anatomy of the brain when dealing with diseasesaffect thought processesB. it shows that men and women are equally intelligentC. it shows that men and women are equally intelligent overall, but specialize indifferent ways of thinkingD. many diseases of the brain are specific to gender or the other23. Which of the following statements is true about gray brain matter?A. It helps put together information from different parts of the brain.B. It is used for processing i nformation.C. There is less of it in men’s brains.D. There is a direct correlation between the amount of gray brain matter andmathematical ability.24. Which of the following statements is false about white brain matter?A. Women have more of it than men.B. It is used for putting together information from different parts of the brain.C. There is direct correlation between the amount of white brain matter and linguisticability.D. The amount of white brain matter is not directly related to overall intelligence.25. The final paragraph suggests that .A. men and women are equally intelligentB. men and women have different frontal lobesC. head injuries can have varied effects, according to whether a person is male orfemaleD. the research will be useful to other scientistsPassage 3 (5 points)So much data indicate the world’s progress towards meeting the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), a set of targets adopted by world leaders at the UN more than ten years ago. But the goal-setting exercise has further pitfalls. Too often, the goals are reduced to working out how much money is needed to meet a particular target. Yet the countries that have made most progress in cutting poverty have largely done so not by spending public money, but by encouraging faster economic growth. As Shanta Devarajan,the World Bank’s chief economist for Africa, points out, growth does not just make more money available for social spending. It also increases the demand for such things as schooling, and thus helps meet other development goals. Yet the goals, as drawn up, made no mention of economic growth.Of course growth by itself does not solve all the problems of the poor. It also clear that while money helps, how it is spent and what it is spent on are enormously important. For instances, campaigners often ask for more to be spent on primary education. But throughout the developing world teachers on the public payroll are often absent from school. Teacher-absenteeism rates are around 20% in rural Kenya, 27% in Uganda and 14% in Ecuador.In any case, money that is allocated for such services rarely reaches its intended recipients. A study found that 70% of the money allocated for drugs and supplies by the Uganda government in 2000 was lost; in Ghana, 80% was siphoned off. Money needs to be spent, therefore, not merely on building more schools or hiring more teachers, but on getting them to do what they are paid for, and preventing resources from disappearing somewhere between the central government and their supposed destination.The good news is that policy experiments carried out by governments, NGOs, academics and international institutions are slowly building up a body of evidence about methods that work. A large-scale evaluation in Andhra Pradesh in southern India was shown, for example, that performance pay for teachers is three times as effective at raising pupil’s test scores as the equivalent amount spent on school supplies.And in Uganda the government, appalled that money meant for schools was not reaching them, took to publicizing how much was being allotted, using radio and newspaper. Money wastage was dramatically reduced. The World Bank hopes to bring such innovations to the notice of other governments during the summit, if it can. For if the drive against poverty is succeed, it will owe more to such ideas and wider use than to targets set at UN-sponsored summits.26. According to the text, which of the following merits can’t we derive from economicgrowth?A. It increases other demands such as education.B. It may help the government to fulfill Millennium Development Goals.C. Faster growth will lift the poor out of poverty.D. Economic growth may solve some problems of the poor.27. Teacher-absenteeism is cited as example .A. to call for governments apply performance pay for teachersB. to underline the importance of money should be spent on where it is neededC. to state that the allocated money should get staffs to do what they are paid forD. to show that African countries have a long way to go before reaching the UN’sgoalposts28. According to the author, we should when dealing with allocated money.A. avoid the leakage of moneyB. give the anti-poverty plans the priorityC. promote education to a higher levelD. improve public infrastructure first29. On which of the following would the author most probably agree?A. Economic growth does not make more money available for social spending.B. Money leakage is a big problem that Africa encounters.C. Millennium Development Goals may involve each country’s GDP growth.D. Millennium Development Goals have come to seen as applying to each developingcountry.30.We may infer from the last paragraph that .A. the World Bank plays an important role in helping Uganda fix money leakageB. money leakage is rampantly flourishing in UgandaC. Millennium Development Goals may have failed in lifting the poor out of povertyD. innovative ideas should come before targets set by UNPassage 4 (5 points)In the 20th century, all the nightmare-novels of the future imagined that books would be burnt. In the 21th century, our dystopias imagine a world where books are forgotten. To pluck just one, Gary Steynghart’s novel Super Sad True Love Story describes a world where everybody is obsessed with their electronic Apparat – an even more omnivorous i-phone with a flickering stream of shopping and reality shows and porn – and have somehow come to believe that the few remaining unread paper books left off a rank smell. The book on the book, it suggests, is closing.The book – the physical paper book – is being circled by a shoal of sharks, with sales down 9 percent this year alone. It’s being chewed by the e-book. It’s being gored by the death of the bookshop and the library. And most importantly, the mental space it occupied is being eroded by the thousand Weapons of Mass Destruction that surround us all. It’s hard to admit, but we all sense it: it is becoming almost physically harder to read books.In his gorgeous little book The Lost Art of Reading – Why Books Matter in a Distracted Time, the critic David Ulin admits to a strange feeling. All his life, he had taken reading as for granted as eating – but then, a few years ago, he “become aware, in an apartment full of books, that I could no longer find within myself the quiet necessary to read”. He would sit down to do it at night, as he always had, and read a few paragraphs, then find his mind was wandering, imploring him to check his email, or Twitter, or Facebook. “What I’m struggling with,”he writes, “is the encroachment of the buzz, the sense that there’s something out there that merits my attention.”I think most of us have this sense today, if we are honest. If you read a book with your laptop thrumming on the other side of the room, it can be like trying to read in the middle of a party, where everybody is shouting to each other. To read, you need to slow down. You need mental silence except for the words. That’s getting harder to find.No, don’t misunderstand me. I adore the web, and they will have to wrench my Twitter feed from my cold dead hands. This isn’t going to turn into an antediluvian rant against the glories of our wired world. But there’s a reason why that word –“wired”–means both “connected to the internet” and “high, frantic, unable to concentrate”.In the age of the internet, physical paper books are a technology we need more, not less. In the 1950s, the novelist Herman Hesse wrote: “The more the need for entertainment and mainstream education can be met by new inventions, the more the book will recover itsdignity and authority. We have not yet quite reached the point where young competitors, such as radio, cinema, etc, have taken over the functions from the book it can’t afford to lose.” We have now reached that point.31.By mentioning the work of Gary Steynghart, the author intends to .A. advocate the idea that reading physical paper books is out of fashionB. introduce a brand new electronic product even omnivorous than i-phoneC. prove that books will be outweighed by reality shows and porn in the futureD. indicate that books are left out in fictions describing the future world32. The most significant reason for the falling sales of paper books is that .A. electronic books are taking over more and more market share of paper booksB. people’ minds don’t have the space for reading due to all kinds of temptationC. bookstores are out of business as people prefer to borrowing books from the libraryD. people think things on the Internet are more worthy of their attention33.According to paragraph 3, we can infer that .A. people are inclined to take reading for grantedB. people’ minds are encroached by the InternetC. it’s hard to concentrate on reading nowadaysD. David Ulin’s book gives readers a strange feeling34. The explanation of the word “wired” probably indicates that .A. people always misunderstand the functions of internetB. Internet is partly responsible for the vanishing of paper booksC. people call the internet “wired world” for a reasonD. Internet will take over the functions of paper books35. Which of the following will the author most probably agree on?A. True readers can maintain reading in all kinds of environment, including noisy one.B. The Internet should be strictly condemned for endangering physical paper books.C. Physical paper books are facing extreme danger of being replaced by other things.D. Reading books isn’t in accordance with the increasing need for entertainment. PART THREE (20 points)Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation must be written on the Answer Sheet.When a company unexpectedly finds itself losing market share and taking a beating at the hands of its competitors, it’s a clear signal that a change is needed. For a variety of reasons, any company can suddenly lose the competitive advantage that it previously enjoyed. 36. The mark of a strong business, however, is its ability to overcome such setbacks and reclaim its positions as the front runner in its field.One of the greatest variables in the process, however, is technology, which on one hand makes business more efficient and thus profitable than previously thought possible, but changes at such a rapid pace that few businesses utilize it to its full potential. Those companies that invest heavily in the latest technology of the day may find their machines out dated and obsolete the next year, thus losing the advantage that they hoped to gain, and also a substantial amount of investment money as well. 37. Those are more cautious and buy less of the latest machine may learn that technology changes more slowly, and theircompetitors who invested more heavily now hold the upper hand. It’s a game of hit or miss.Because of the uneven and unpredictable pace of progress between technological fields, 38. companies are devoting more and more resources to not only acquiring more of the latest developments, but researching the factors that determine their production so as to position themselves better to adapt to the next change. This strategy has been producing positive results for those who employ it, but it is a massively expensive one, limiting its viability to only the largest companies, who are already enjoying many advantages in the market.Such dynamics make it increasingly difficult for new setup companies to break into established markets, lacking the funding and cash reserves necessary to play the game way as the big boy do. The same technology that keeps the large companies on top, however, can still topple them. 39. New and smaller companies have less to lose and thus can afford to gamble on new technologies that larger companies consider too risky to devote themselves to. 40. In the rare occurrences when these risky endeavors bear fruit, providing themselves to be the way of future, the rewards to those daring enough, or small enough, to invest in them prove well worth the effort.PART FOUR (20 points)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English. Your translation must be written on the Answer Sheet.41.我们必须全面深化改革,以释放市场活力对冲经济下行压力。
贵州省专升本英语真题2015年
贵州省专升本英语真题2015年(总分150, 做题时间90分钟)Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and StructureDirections:There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence, and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.The sign reads "In case of ______ fire, break the glass and push ______ red button."A /; aB /; theC the; theD a; a答案:B[考点] 冠词的用法题[解析] 本句中的fire表示泛指,而不是指具体的火灾,为不可数名词,因此其前不用冠词修饰;句中的button(按钮)为特指,因此其前应用定冠词the修饰。
故选B。
2.We"re going to the bookstore in John"s car. You can come with us ______ you can meet us there later.A butB andC orD then答案:C[考点] 连词的用法题[解析] but意为“但是”,表示转折关系;and意为“和”,表示并列关系;or 意为“或者”,表示选择关系;then意为“然后”,表示先后顺序。
根据句意选C。
3.In spite of the thunderstorm, the children slept ______ all night.A soundlyB ignorantlyC naturallyD noisily答案:A[考点] 词义辨析题[解析] noisily意为“吵闹地”;ignorantly意为“不知道地,无知地”;naturally意为“自然地”;soundly意为“酣畅地”。
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(贵州省解析版)
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第Ⅰ卷第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
(A)My color television has given me nothing but a headache. I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn’t fit. I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model. I realized this a day later, when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid. The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night. Fortunately, I didn’t get any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static (静电) noise. For some reason, when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. Gradually this noise began to appear during a show, and to get rid of it, I had to change to another channel and then change it back. Sometimes this technique would not work, and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound. I actually began to build up my arm muscles (肌肉) shaking my set.When neither of these methods removed the static noise, I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away. At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist, and it stopped working altogether. My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now, but I keep expecting more trouble.1. Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set?A. He got an older model than he had expected.B. He couldn’t return it when it was broken.C. He could have bought it at a lower price.D. He failed to find any movie shows on it.2. Which of the following can best replace the phrase “singed off” in Paragraph 1?A. ended all their programsB. provided fewer channelsC. changed to commercialsD. showed all-night movies3. How did the author finally get his TV set working again?A. By shaking and hitting it.B. By turning it on and off.C. By switching channels.D. By having it repaired.4. How does the author sound when telling the story?A. Curious.B. Anxious.C. Cautious.D. Humorous.(B)Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you.Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely toencourage overeating, for people are often less self-conscious (难为情) whenthey’re in poorly lit places – and so more likely to eat lots of food. If your homedoesn’t have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place withbrightness.Mind the colors. Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites. In onestudy, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those ina yellow or red room. Warm colors like yellow make food appear appetizing, whilecold colors make us feel less hungry. So when it’s time to repaint, go blue.Don’t forget the clock – or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consumeabout 70 fewer calories (卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals.Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes.And while you’re at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowingdown, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. Weeat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate.When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake (摄入) jumps by 14percent. And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass thana tall, skinny glass.5. The text is especially helpful for those care about ___ .A. their home comfortsB. their body shapeC. house buyingD. healthy diets6. A home environment in blue can help people ___ .A. digest food betterB. reduce food intakeC. burn more caloriesD. regain their appetites7. What are people advised to do at mealtimes?A. Eat quickly.B. Play fast music.C. Use smaller spoons.D. Turn down the lights.8. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Is Your House Making Y ou Fat?B. Ways of Serving DinnerC. Effects of Self-ConsciousnessD. Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?(C)More students than ever before are taking a gap year (间隔年) before going touniversity. It used to be called the “year off” between school and university. Thegap-year phenomenon originated (起源) with the months left over to Oxbridgeapplicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academicyear.This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher educationinstitutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics onuniversity entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service(UCAS).That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year.Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone inhigher education. “Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to besatisfied with, and complete, their chosen course. Students who take a gap year areoften more mature and responsible,” he said.But not everyone is happy. Owain James, the president of the National Unionof Students (NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship –young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education.“New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to £15,000in debt. It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year toearn money to support their study for the degree. NUS statistics show that over40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to90% during vacation periods,” he said.9. What do we learn about the gap year from the text?A. It is flexible in length.B. It is time for relaxation.C. It is increasingly popular.D. It is required by universities.10. According to Tony Higgins, students taking a gap year ___ .A. are better prepared for college studiesB. know a lot more about their future jobsC. are more likely to leave university in debtD. have a better chance to enter top universities11. How does Owain James feel about the gap-year phenomenon?A. He’s puzzled.B. He’s worried.C. He’s surprised.D. He’s annoyed.12. What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?A. Attend additional courses.B. Make plans for the new terms.C. Earn money for their education.D. Prepare for their graduate studies.(D)Choose Your One-Day Tours!Tour A –Bath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Romanbathrooms and Stonehenge - £37 until 26 March and £39 thereafter.Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescentand the Costume Museum. Stonehenge is one of the world’s most famousprehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.Tour B-Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary’sChurch Tower and Anne Hathaway’s house - £32until 12 March and £36thereafter.Oxford:Includes a guided tour of England’s oldest university city and colleges.Look over the “city of dreaming spires(尖顶)”form St Mary’s Church Tower.Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.Tour C - Windsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to HamptonCourt Palace - £34 until 11 March and £37 thereafter.Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry Ⅷ’s favouritepalace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle (entrance fees not included). With 500years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen.Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction.Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫) where it is easy to get lost!Tour D - Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great- £33 until 18 March and £37 thereafter.Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardensof the 18th century.13. Which tour will you choose if you want to see England’s oldest university city?A. Tour A.B. Tour B.C. Tour C.D. Tour D.14. Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?A. Windsor Castle & Hampton Court.B. Oxford & Stratford.C. Bath &Stonehenge.D. Cambridge.15. Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?A. It used to be the home of royal families.B. It used to be a well-known maze.C. It is the oldest palace in Britain.D. It is a world-famous castle.第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
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2015贵州大学考博英语历年真题一、招考介绍从整体上看,由于博士生招生形势的不断发展各院校博士生入学考试的难度越来越大,对考生的外语水平要求也越来越高,特别是听、说能力。
攻读博士学位的学生,一方面应该具备坚实的专业理论基础和扎实的科研能力,另一方面还应该具备较高水平的外语能力。
二、贵州大学考博英语题型Part1:选择填空50个小题,共25分,前20题是(四选一),后30个是按所给4项答案的正确形式填空,相当于完形填空。
Part2:阅读理解5篇,共25分,每篇5小题(四选一)。
Part3:翻译,共30分,(英译汉5句话,共15分,是翻译一段文字里指定的5句话;汉译英,共15分,是大约翻译200字左右的一整段文字。
)Part4:共20分,要求词数不得少于250个词。
三、考博英语必备参考书育明考博教研部主编,河北大学出版社出版的《考博英语真题解析》和《考博词汇》是考博人必备的两本书。
在当当网,亚马逊和全国各大书店均有销售,也可以联系我们直接购买。
四、联系导师在初步定好考博学校之后,就要和所报考院校中意的老师取得联系,询问是否有招生名额,能否报考,这是我们考博成功的关键第一步。
大多数考生会在九月中下旬与导师取得联系。
因为太早,学校里面直博名额什么的还没有确定,报考的导师也不清楚是否有名额;太晚的话,怕别的学生比你早联系就不好了。
一般情况下,导师对一个学生很中意的话,后来联系的学生,导师一般也不会答应其报考了。
在此说点题外话,联系导师的过程中,如果读研期间的导师有关系,可以尽量利用。
如果没有,也没关系,凭着自己的本事也是可以和考博导师很好的沟通的,这就要看自己了。
通常跟导师初次联系,都是发邮件。
导师回复邮件的情况一般有几种:(1)、欢迎报考。
这种答复最笼统,说明不了问题。
我们可以接着努力和老师多沟通,看看具体的进展,避免出现初试之后却没有名额的情况。
(2)、名额有限,可以报考,但有竞争。
很多人说这样的回复不满意,认为希望很小一般会被刷。
其实这样还是比较好的一种回答,最起码导师没有骗你而且给你机会去证明自己,考的好就可以上。
(3)、你的研究方向和我一样......各种一大堆他的研究方向和你相关,欢迎报考什么的话。
不可否认,这是最好的情况,你可以放心的去考,一般不会出问题的。
但不排除偶然,像出现直博和本学校的硕转博名额问题,可能会给我们的报考和录取产生影响。
总之考博凭的是实力和自身的本事,关系只是占一部分,自己努力了就行,不用过分纠结于导师回复有没有啥隐含意思的。
初次联系好导师后,一定要注意跟导师保持联系。
每半个月或者一个月向导师汇报一下学习情况或者复习情况,交流一下科研方向,这很有必要。
一方面让导师觉得你很想去跟他深造,另一方面显得你虔诚好学。
五、听力答题技巧1、卷子发下来后快速的浏览一遍,包括题干和答案。
这样会大大提高你对听力的理解---知道它是讲什么内容,大概是怎么回事。
联系我们扣扣:四一六九二五五五九。
电话:四零零六六八六九七八。
扣扣群:一零五六一九八二零。
2、没听懂的题目,就放弃它,千万不要在听下道题的时候还在想上道题。
这样会引起头脑的混乱。
3、相信第一感觉,听力部分不是非常确凿的感觉的话不要改动开始的答案。
人的大脑有时候会混淆的。
因此很多情况下不是你选错了,而是改错了。
因此轻易别选,但是选了之后轻易别改。
(1)提炼选项中的重要信息考生务必先看选项。
当录音人开始宣读Directions时,考生应充分利用这段时间速读选项,预测考点,从而做到心中有数。
通过先看选项,可以明确题目多方面的信息。
(2)掌握节奏合理安排时间可能没有哪种考试对时间安排的要求比听力考试还要苛刻。
“录音不等人”,所以很多考生答题时都很紧张。
其实,听力考试每分钟阅读的字数和停顿时间有严格限制:约每分钟140词,每个问题后有约15秒停顿。
拍子已经固定,我们要做的是跟上节奏,过分的紧张只会造成混乱,直接影响发挥。
答题时,考生切勿在某一题上花费过多的时间(一般少于10秒/题),剩余的时间用于阅读下一题的选项和大胆猜测考点。
一旦没有听懂就根据已经掌握的信息迅速猜一个答案,马上进入下一题的节奏。
千万不可拖泥带水,否则破坏了节奏,可能造成随后的简单题目失分。
答案选定后可放松一口气,然后尽可能多看下一题乃至两题的选项。
(3)听力是一种Paraphrase考试Paraphrase就是运用同类词语的替换或句型的变换解释句或段的意义。
听力考试多数时候是一种paraphrase考试,它往往考的不是考生是否听见,而是考考生是否听懂。
把命题中的对话和段落原封不动地照搬到答案里,等着考生把它挑出来,在考博听力考试中这种题型几乎找不到。
绝大多数题目,要求考生把听到的原文进行变换和归纳,对应到选项中。
如此一来,我们不光得竖起耳朵听,还得开动脑筋想。
这就造成有的考生听懂了原文的每个字,却选不出答案。
要避免这种情况,请注意正确答案的固定特征:(4)听懂语调和重音英语和汉语一样,说话人通过各种各样的语调和重音的变化表达不同的意思。
考博听力中,专业的录音人更是力求表演得真实,他们绝不会用平淡的语调表示自己的惊讶,也绝不会把重音放在无关紧要的词上。
重读的每一处都具有提示作用。
因而,从录音人的表现中就能推测出人物的心理活动、观点和态度。
重音和语调是最为重要的线索。
辨认录音人语调中的信息在听力考试中比听懂单个词更重要。
(5)针对题型逐个演练不管是对话还是文段,听力考试的提问可分主题题型、细节题型、推断题型和语言点题型四大类。
我们可以在平时的练习中有意识的总结做题的方法和技巧。
六、阅读理解的解题技巧其实考博阅读的技巧是有针对性的,看整篇文章就是为了弄清文章的框架,具体的问题我们可以不管,但文章的层次必须弄清楚。
只有弄清了文章的层次,具体的问题才好归类,结合课后问题才能快速定位问题答案。
另外我发现考博的题目基本都围绕在文章的各层次主干上,细枝末节上基本没有涉题,于是就会发现,原文几百字的文章,真正需要了解的只有主干的几十字而已,其余的东西都可省。
当我们划去冗余,就会发现几十字的文章骨架基本覆盖所有的问题。
可见,对于考博阅读,若要高效正确的征服,必须学会快速分析文章的主干。
这就是基于逻辑的阅读,上升到理论层面的阅读模式。
下面进行具体分析:(1)主旨在英语阅读中要弄清楚层次,个人以为要弄清文章主旨,段落中心以及段落内部的次中心,这些在一些文章主旨题和一些细节题上很受用。
常规的文章主旨都会有其固定的出现地点:首段末尾处、第二段的开头和最后一段。
当然也有非常规的情况,这就需要靠自己的能力去寻找。
找主旨需要慢慢训练,常规的、非常规的文章都能通过真题并结合后面的专家解析,这样能力就能够很快地提升。
(2)常规文章行文逻辑本文中一直的强调要重视文章逻辑,那么,一般的都有哪些逻辑呢?通过一般归纳总结,大致可以得到四个逻辑框架。
这些框架特别有助于理解文章的总体内容,阅读过程按框架有重点地跳读,辨明逻辑主线,在把握文章重点、段落中心和段内次中心基础上,会有很好的效果。
也许,在做考博阅读之初,很多平日里有扎实功底的同学也会出现全军覆没的局面,出现这种情况,并不一定是英语词汇有巨大的缺知,而可能是逻辑上出现混乱。
现在将框架简单介绍如下:框架1:提出问题——分析问题——解决问题框架2:叙述现象——分析现象——结论框架3:提出观点——支持or反驳该观点——重申观点框架4:两种东西对比——分项对比——总体对照在阅读中要有意识的将文章归类分析,弄清逻辑,以上列出的是主干,还需进一步分析到枝叶,这样才能达到层次清晰的程度。
到段落级别,文章中心也容易辨出,多数文章中心在首末,少数会出现在段中。
于是在理解阅读文章的时候,在定位完毕后尽量将重点阅读范围扩大多句,观察所在句子在段落中的地位和在全文的地位。
一般情况,较接近的段中心和段落次中心往往就是正确答案,当然在最终填写答案的时候还是细细分析更为可靠。
(3)暗含答案的重点位置所谓文章重点就是阅读文章时得特别关注的地方,也是我们在浏览文章时眼界的着力点。
在考博阅读中,出题点一般都是文章中较为重要的地方,常见的有段落的中心和次中心;对于非中心,考博文章一般不会考察。
这是博士研究生入学考试的选拔性和阅读科技论文实用性所决定的。
上述的逻辑对于宏观题基本可以一网打尽,但对于微观题,我们必须通过重点位置的提示来解决。
下面通过一些分析和重点位置的介绍来理解把握文章的细节:1)所有文章的中心与段落中心和次中心。
2)转折和因果。
在阅读中,最好把含有转折和因果的词句标出来,因为转折和因果都意味着作者的观点和态度,相对一般句子更有强调性。
例如:because,for,but,however……3)表示观点的句子、观点的词可能多处出现,当然并不是所有观点的句子和词汇都是重点,但值得一读。
阅读文章中对这些词语的敏感是件令人兴奋的事情,所以平时应做好积累。
例如:agree,acknowledge,assert,see,insist,according to,find,think,believe,show,point out,content,acclaim,say等4)特殊标点符号,有的表示具体说明、有表解释、有表反义等等,均有或强或弱的强调意味,主要的特殊标点符号有:——、()、“”等。
5)情态动词。
should,must都能表达作者感情的因素,能从侧面反映作者对于某事物的观点,理应重点阅读。
6)特殊句型。
例如副词提前加逗号这种形式Variety,……,Significantly,……副词在句中起着很大作用,能反映态度,能表程度,这种特殊句型更有强调的成分,值得多阅读分析。
7)有指代的比较级、最高级和such/so等。
上面列举的一些重点特征很多,无异就是一些相对突出强调的词语。
阅读文章的时候,仅靠这些重点基本上可以做出大部分的阅读题。
阅读时快速画出重点,仅阅读含有重点特征的句子,对文章进行“减肥”,以提高阅读效率。
(4)选项特点1)正确答案的特点a、与原文句子同义词替换。
b、相对原文语法变化,如原文中的被动变为主动。
C、正面反面,即原文句子的否定形式,答案变成肯定的正面叙述;原文是肯定形式,从正面叙述,答案变成否定形式从反面叙述。
d、AB角度,原文从A角度叙述某事,而答案从B角度叙述同一件事情,本质不变。
e、具体抽象,即原文具体事例,答案变为抽象概括,或反之。
2)干扰选项的特点a、照抄原文,个别词语不同。
b、一半信息符合原文,一半信息不符。
c、将原文某些信息张冠李戴。
d、与原文叙述的内容相反。
e、与原文中没有出现观点新信息。
f、含有绝对化的词语,如only,always,never,all,everything,anything,everywhere,everybody,nobody。