7月全国自考经贸知识英语自考试题及答案解析
7月全国自考外刊经贸知识选读试题及答案解析
7月全国自考外刊经贸知识选读试题及答案解析全国2018年7月高等教育自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题课程代码：00096I. Choose one answer that best explains the underlined part of the following statements or best completes them:(30%)1.The authorities are willing to permit a run-down in the country’s international reservesover the next few years as a means of accelerating the introduction of foreign technology.【】A. speeding upB. speeding onC. speeding offD. speeding down2.Another 20% worked well, but the remaining 60% should have been scrapped.【】A. improvedB. removedC. stimulatedD. introduced3.Now Zhangjiagang is China’s seventh largest port and a tumultuous construction zone ofhalf-built office buildings and hotels.【】A. tremendousB. enormousC. noisyD. orderly4.Against this deteriorating global background, the improvement in economic performance in a few developingregions in 1991 was especially noteworthy.【】A. determinatingB. toleratingC. improvingD. worsening5.Balanced against that criticism is the positive reaction in Latin America to Mr. Clinton’s embrace of the free trade agreement.【】A. hugB. embarrassC. acceptanceD. balance6.As Europe’s economy has soured, free-market ideas that are new to much of Europe face new challenges.【】A. increasedB. declinedC. sky-rocketedD. tasted7.At the summit meeting, America insisted that Japan should come up with specific measures that would enable it to meet new import targets.【】1A. bring forthB. come acrossC. put offD. reach out8.Fearful that rapidly modernizing Korean rivals will intrude on its foreign and domestic markets, Japan has fought to keep the Koreans from appropriating its technologies.【】A. competitorsB. representativesC. negotiatorsD. dealers9.International consultants who want to secure definite projects at lucrative fees are finding it harder and harder.【】A. lowB. minimumC. highD. profitable10.A separate, long-running dispute over oilseeds does still pose a threat.【】A. possessB. presentC. provideD. persuade11.With barter, however, debtor nations can continue to import goods while, in effect, concealing export earnings from creditors.【】A. loanersB. borrowersC. ownersD. believers12.However, Coca-Cola and PepsiCo still face a struggle in persuading bottlers across the nation to take the.【】A. offeringB. forcingC. encouragingD. discouraging13.Hong Kong Eggs and Products Company monopolizes the import of Chinese eggs, both fresh and preserved.【】A. confinesB. minimizesC. dominatesD. mobilizes14.You can use credit cards but it’s best to take some currency as well.【】A. couponsB. moneyC. coinsD. dimes15.Lead values moved up to their best level since April last year in the absence of a settlement at Australia’s broken hill lead-zinc-silver mines.【】A. withoutB. withC. asD. through2II. Translate the following phrases into Chinese: (10%)16. counter trade17. means of production18. surplus labour19. debt restructuring20. trade reprisal21. certificate of origin22. currency exchange system23. exclusive contract24. foreign exchange earnings25. primary productsIII. Translate the following phrases into English:(10%)26. 货币市场27. 利息付款28. 试销29. 新兴工业30. 国内需求31. 直接投资32. 供应短缺33. 大规模销售活动34. 供求模式35. 现货市场IV. Read the following passages and answer the following questions in English:(18%)Passage 1The slowdown of the industrial countries in 1991 partly originated in structural problems inherited from the 1980s. Slower growth in Europe in 1991 revealed that unemployment, for instance, was still a structurally problematic area. The unemployment rate in the four largest European economies was 7.8 per cent in 1990, near the peak of the business cycle, and rose to 8.3 per cent in 1991. Financial stress brought on by excessive debt in the household and corporate sectors was an example of another kind of structural problem, in particular for the economies of Japan and the United States. Financial institutions in these two countries adopted more conservative lending policies, curtailing financing of higher-risk projects such as commercial3construction and highly leveraged corporate transactions. A number of weaker institutions were also consolidated through bankruptcy, merger and reorganization.36. What are the two structural problems mentioned in the passage?37. When did the structural problems start?38. What do "conservative lending policies" and "commercial construction" mean?Passage 2The need for reform is clear: Although South Korea’s material achievements are impressive, the development of its political and economic organizations hasn’t kept pace. In recent years, the government has come under more and more pressure from trading partners and has begun to open the gates to foreign investment. There’s also a strong pressu re to keep up the fight against corruption, protect consumers and curtail the power of the huge business organizations that still dominate the economy. Keeping the reform process going and bringing the country’s institutions up to the level of those in advanced countries has become the pivotal agenda of President Kim Young Sam’s government.39. Why is it necessary to reform in South Korea?40. What do "hasn’t kept pace" and "pivotal agenda" mean?41. What is the main consideration of President Kim Young Sam’s government?V. Read the following two passages and decide whether the statements are true or false. Mark T for true and F for false in the brackets given: (20%)Passage 1I’m contemplating applying for my fifty-first job. It’s been a long time since I wasted stamp money this way. In fact, when I reached the fiftieth without success I decided to abandon job hunting and got out my pen to scratch a living instead.But there’s another wildly exciting job in the paper today, "salary ￡22,500—￡26,250 according to age and experience". The good news is the pay, the bad news is that damning little phrase "according to age and experience" which means I won’t get the job.It’s not that I have more age than experience - I’ve led an incident-packed existence. Journalist, company director, wife and mother, market researcher, and now, at thirty-something, I’m trying to use my Cambridge degree in criminology.I’m a victim of the sliding pay-scale. Employers can obtain a fresh 22-year-old graduate to train a lot cheaper than me. Yet I’m the ideal employer: stable, good-humored, child-bearing behind me, looking for 25-plus years of steady pensionable employment.4Ageism is everywhere. It’s much more prevalent than sexism in the job market. It is lagging behind sexism, racism, and handicappism because even the oppressed seem to accept the discrimination. Yet there are many professions that would benefit from the maturity and stability the older entrant can bring.My own pressing concern is to lessen my guilt. I am desperately grateful to the Government for financing me through my university education at a cost of over ￡10, 000. But unless someone gives me a job, how can I pay them back in income tax?Statements:42. The writer is over forty years old. 【】43. She gave up applying for jobs some time ago. 【】44. Employers think that someone of her age is too expensive to employ. 【】45. People don’t get as angry about ageism as about otherforms of discrimination. 【】46. More mature employees would be valuable assets to many professions. 【】Passage 2Consumers are primarily interested in product availability and low price in at least two types of situations. The first is that the demand for a product exceeds supply, as is the case in many Third World countries. There the consumers are more interested in obtaining a product than in its fine quality. The suppliers will concentrate on finding ways to increase production. The second situation is that the product’s cost is high and is to be brought down through increased productivity to exceed the demand. Some service organizations also have the production tendency. Many medical and dental practices are organized by assembly-line principles, as are some government agencies like unemployment offices and license bureaus. While it results in handling many cases per hour, this management orientation is open for charges of impersonality and questionable service quality.Statements:47.Consumers are interested in the quality of a product when demand exceeds supply.【】48.In many Third World countries, consumer demand is not very high. 【】49.If product cost is too high, producers will concentrate on finding ways to reduce production.【】50.Many hospitals and government agencies tend to operate like factories so that they will be more efficient. 【】551.It seems that the author is for the idea of this management orientation.【】VI. Translate the following passage into Chinese: (12%) Now, some Western experts are predicting that China could become the world’s dominant economy early in the 21st century. Many economists believe a standard estimate of China’s per capita gross national product ($370) is already two to three times too low. And former World Bank chief economist Larry Summers recently argued that China could surpass both Japan and the Unit ed States to become the world’s largest economy by 2020.6。
2023年自考专业(国贸)《国际商务英语》考试历年真题摘选附带答案
2023年自考专业(国贸)《国际商务英语》考试历年真题摘选附带答案第1卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【单选题】We take the liberty____writing to you with a hope to get your best offers for Chinese bicycles.A.toB. inC.ofD.with2.【单选题】The letter we sent last week is an enquiry _______ color TV sets.A.aboutB. forC.ofD.as3.【单选题】Please see to it that the goods we ordered are shipped as soon as the covering letter of credit ______ you.A.getsesC.arrivesD. reaches4.【单选题】We agree to the amendments to the contract _____requested in your letter of May5.A.asB.likeC. to beD. when5.【单选题】Our bank offers minimum interest ______ for seller financing and for loans of cash.A.levelsB.ratesC.basesD.percentage6.【单选题】We regret the need for you to write to us and hope the steps we are taking____the safe arrival of all your orders in the future.A.insureB. assureC.sureD.ensure7.【单选题】On receipt of your instruction, we shall carry out this order ______.A.in returnB.without least delayC.with least delayD.without delays8.【单选题】The importer will go to the wharf and____delivery of the goods.A.makeB.effectC.fulfillD.take9.【单选题】After unpacking the case we found the goods did not____with the original sample.pareB. matchC.agreeD.measure10.【单选题】____shipment, please amend the L/C to allow transshipment.A.RegardingB.CoveringC.ConcerningD. Referring11.【单选题】We cannot accept any fresh orders _______ heavy commitments.A.due toB.owing toC.becauseD.on account of12.【单选题】Because there is no direct steamer from here to your port, we suggest that you____trans-shipment at Hong Kong.A.may acceptB.acceptC.must acceptD. can accept13.【单选题】Many international companies produce a large number of products, often divided into product________.A.categoriesB.mixC.brandsD.lines14.【单选题】We would like to take this ______ to establish business relations with you.A.openingB.opportunityC. stepD.advantage15.【单选题】We have received your enquiry of October 15_____we learn that you are interested in our Sewing Machines.A.from whichB.in whichC. whichD.at which16.【单选题】______our catalogues for your reference.A.EnclosingB. Please find encloseC.Enclosed please findD.Enclosure17.【单选题】No discount will be allowed ____ you could place an order for more than 5,000pcs.A.untilB. exceptC.besidesD.unless18.【单选题】The credit of letter will be confirmed by the Bank of China, Shanghai, that will _______your draft on the documents at sight for the amount of your invoice.A. acceptB.pay forC. receiveD.obtain19.【单选题】To comply with your request, we are quoting you _____.A.as followingB.as followC. as followsD.follow20.【单选题】As we are ____ the market for Table cloth, we should be glad if you would send us your best quotation。
7月自考经贸知识英语试题及答案解析
全国2018年7月自考经贸知识英语试题课程代码：00095I. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right:(5%)( ) 1. discrimination A. introduction of something new( )2. maturity B. a practical advantage given to one over others( )3. innovation C. the time when a note or bill of exchange or a loan becomes due( )4. preference D. the total annual income of a state( )5. revenue E. treatment or distinction in favor of or against a person, group, etc., not based onindividual meritII. Translate the following words and expressions:(10%)(i)From English into Chinese:6. title of the goods7. partial shipment8. contract proper9. gold tranche10. board of directors(ii)From Chinese into English:11. 无形贸易12. 承运人13. 成本节约14. 可保利益15. 外汇III. Make brief explanations of the following and give the full term of the abbreviation in English: (20%)16. sight draft17. tariff18. consignee19. principle of indemnity20. EXWIV. Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate wordfrom the list（You can only choose 10 from the following 12 words in the box）: (10%)International trade is often explained by the theory of comparative advantage, also called the comparative cost theory. This (21)___________was developed by David Ricardo, John Stuart Mill, and (22)___________economists in the nineteenth century. The theory (23)___________that different countries orregions have different (24)___________possibilities. A tropical climate is better suited for growing bananas (25)___________a cold one. A country like Norway could produce bananas in hot houses, (26)___________it is cheaper for Norway to (27)___________bananas than to produce them. Thus, climate establishes a trade pattern between a northern and a southern country. In other cases the availability of natural resources may be a trade factor.The theory of comparative cost points out that trade between countries can be (28)___________for all, even if one of the countries can produce every commodity more cheaply. As long as there are minor, relative differences in the (29)___________of producing a commodity, even the poor country can (30)___________a comparative advantage in producing it.V. Translate the following into English :(25%)31. 低收入国家的经济繁荣也会给发达国家带来好处。
7月自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题及答案解析
全国2018年7月自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题课程代码：00096一、单项选择题（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个可以替代句中划线的单词或词组，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1. The pattern of China’s foreign trade has changed greatly since the founding of the People’s Republic. ( )A. substantiallyB. initiallyC. secondlyD. commercially2. I declared at the meeting that I did not support him. ( )A. attractedB. prolongedC. transformedD. announced3. China’s special economic zones will still be “special”after the country’s entry to the WTO.( )A. companiesB. areasC. producesD. funds4. Now the world has witnessed China’s emergence and its impact on both the US and the Asia-Pacific region. ( )A. emergencyB. existenceC. appearanceD. distance5. In 1991, the economies of low-income and middle-income countries virtually stagnated.( ) A. reversed B. stoppedC. registeredD. consolidated6. An economic confrontation will be destroying in its own way depending on how long it is carried on. ( )A. conflictB. combinationC. consequenceD. connection7. Europe has just traversed one of its roughest economic storms in years.( )A. transmittedB. passedC. transportedD. soured8. Regional and bilateral trade agreements form an integral part of the US approach to international trade policy. ( )A. standB. issueC. wayD. thrust9. There is a trend in an attempt to compete against Microsoft’s dominance in desktop applications. ( )A. rivalB. reachC. outstripD. forge10. The UAE remains wary about Iraq’s threat to Kuwait and, therefore, to the Gulf.( ) A. massive B. parallelC. reasonableD. watchful11. A business tax cut is needed to spur industrial investment. ( )A. stimulateB. squanderC. surpriseD. sustain12. Dealers continue to secure parts sales from aftermarket (配件市场) channels.( ) A. exert B. flourishC. acquireD. subsidize13. This measure aims to support commercial promotion in order to increase enterprise competitiveness in thefield. ( )A. placeB. pushC. pressureD. pull14. It could make sense to subsidize the preschool activities of children of poor families since these children maywell receive inadequate care without such subsidies. ( )A. supportB. provideC. supplyD. furnish15. The UN Terrorism Prevention Branch describes various types of conventional terrorist weapons. ( )A. transitionalB. tropicalC. translationalD. traditional二、将下列词组译成中文（本大题共10小题，每小题1 分，共10分）16. compensation agreement17. test market18. currency movement19. security20. good resistance21. tough policy22. impose import23. Special Drawing Right24. GNP (gross national product)25. per capita income三、将下列词组译成英文（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）26. 最惠国待遇27. 贸易顺差28. 硬通货29. 银行兼并30. 易于变卖的资产31. 闭关自守的国家32. 贸易谈判33. 据粗略估计34. 中国出口商品交易会35. 外汇储备四、简答题（本大题共6小题，共18分）Passage 1If there is a road to China’s future, Highway 204 out of Shanghai is it. Along its two dusty lanes, local trucks and buses jockey with Cadillacs driven by financiers from Taiwan and Hong Kong investors. Migrant workers crowd the narrow shoulders. Factories line the highway, producing sneakers, toys, plastics, clothes, aircraft components and medical equipment. Eventually industry gives way to ricefields, which is being dug up to build still more factories. Cranes turn overhead as dump trucks and cement mixers nose onto the road. Outside the town of Jiading, one tractor-trailer leaves Asia’s largest container plant every three minutes, carrying goods bound for the Shanghai docks.36. What does “it” in the first sentence refer to? What does the sentence “the local trucks and buses jockey withCadillacs” imply?37. What do “eventually” and “give way to” mean respectively in the passage?38. Where is the biggest container plant in Asia situated? Where are the tractor-trailors going?Passage 2Gold: lower. after coming in for early support on news of strike action affecting mines belonging to gold fields of South Africa, values declined in line with platinum and New York advices as miners were encouraged to return to work by management promises of negotiation. The fall in oil prices also brought pressure to bear but good resistance at around the 400 dollars per ounce level permitted a brief rally. However, values suffered a late decline to below 400 dollars per ounce in line with New York as the dollar strengthened on news of a decline in the U.S. budget trade and a cut in the bank of Japan’s discount rate.39. W hat were “New York advices”?40. What happened to the gold price when the dollar strengthened?41. What brought about the strength of the dollar according to the passage?五、正误判断题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）Passage 1Every market activity is an investment in time, energy and money. Few companies would spend a large sum of money on, say, a purchase of capital equipment without a full investigation into why it is needed, the choices available, and the expected return. Yet every year the vast majority of companies invest a large amount of money in marketing actions without knowing what their financial worth to the company or likely return will be. By introducing the disciplines arising from market planning, a company should be able to ensure that the costs of marketing planning show a reasonable return and are calculated in the same way as all other business investments.Many managers believe that the costs of marketing form an additional expense. Whilst it is true that many companies use certain tools of marketing for this purpose, it is also true that the most successful companies accept marketing as an essential part of the company’s total commercial operation, for it is an essential cost in the same way as production or finance.Companies often avoid planning marketing procedures in detail because of the effort needed to express their forward policy in a written form. In fact, the manager who spends his time on dealing with current administrative detail is almost certain to have ignored proper planning in the past. For, if properly prepared, the marketing plan will contain sufficient details of the company’s policy and operational strategy for the work to be done by an assistant.For a marketing-oriented activity to produce lasting results, the entire operation has to be systematically planned. By producing basic information in written form and establishing aims for the future, the company is creating standards against which actual performance can be measured. Documentation of detailed policy actions then provides the basis for controlling the company’s operation. Future trends may be predicted through the investigation of all factors likely to influence company results.42. The purpose of this article is to discuss every market activity. ( )43. It is reasonable for companies to expect return for their expense in marketing.( ) 44. The most successful companies believe that marketing forms an additional expense.( )45. In order to make a good marketing plan, it is necessary to focus on current administrative detail. ( )46. As marketing creates standards to measure actual performance, it will produce lasting results.( )Passage 2Apart from the various subsidies governments offer to their exporters, governments also refund to their exporters the product tax, the import tariff of the components of the exported finished products. This is justifiable as they are finally to be borne by the customers in the importing nations and so the funding is not taken as a kind of subsidy. Now the average product tax refunding rate of the exported products in China is about lower than 10%.Developing nations can also adjust down the exchange rate of their currencies with foreign currencies to encourage export. This is sometimes very effective because it means to reduce prices of their goods in foreign markets. But this will also mean great loss in paying off the foreign loans and shatter the standing of their currencies in international financial markets.Nations also negotiate among themselves to ease the trade among them. They might reach various trade agreements. The present trend is regional economic integration, of which the first stage is free trade area, within which the international flow of goods is free of tariff imposition. North American Free Trade Area is such an instance. The second stage is tariff union, within which the countries not only adopt free trade policy but also united tariff system. Caribbean Community is such an example. The third stage is common market, which is more integrated in that it also allows free flow of labor and capital within this area. Finally, there is economic union, which requires its member countries to adopt uniform economic systems, such as those in finance and social welfare. They will also use the same currency.47. Product tax is a kind of government subsidy.( )48. The customers who buy the imported goods from China pay 10% less of the tariff.( ) 49. By lowering the exchange rate of its currency, the country can market its goods at a lower price in the importing country. ( )50. Adjusting down the exchange rate will sometimes make the currency less strong.( ) 51. All the forms of economic integration across the border aim at keeping trade balances.( ) 六、翻译题（本大题12分）Clearly, China’s economy is a work in progress, nowhere near realizing the potential of its billion-plus population. Its gross domestic product last year was, according to the official measure, $420 billion —no more than that of southern California. China remains primarily a nation of farmers, and the transition to an industrial free market is much like the traffic on Highway 204—unpredictable. Few state-owned firms have been sold, and most are laggard behemoths. Growth is driven by new joint ventures, collectives and private businesses, which now account for more than 50 per cent of China’s industrial production.。
2024年自考-自考专业(国贸)-外刊经贸知识选读考试历年真题常考点试题3带答案
2024年自考-自考专业(国贸)-外刊经贸知识选读考试历年真题常考点试题带答案（图片大小可任意调节）第1卷一.单选题(共20题)1.Will you _________ playing basketball?A.join us inB. join toC. join us toD. to join us2.Our teachers made us ________a lot of homework after school.A.to doB.doingC.doD.to have done until seven o clock.3.The cost of the various repairs amounts __________ total to just over a hundred pounds.A. toB.inC.byD.for4.His whole school education ________ only 2 years because of his illness.A.added upB.added up inC. added up toD.was added up5.I don't know_________.B.how I could finish my homework on timeC.I can how finish my homework on the timeD.how I can finish my homework on time6.________, the first settlers found in New Zealand many strange birds and animals that exist nowhere else in the world.A.As in AustraliaB.As AustraliaC.Like in AustraliaD.Like Australia7.The storm died away at last with the golden waves __________ the shore in peace.A.beatB.to beatC.beatingD. beaten8.I don ’ t want to buy the sweater because I don ’ t like the color. __________, it is too expensive.A.ExceptB.Except forC.HoweverD.Besides9.You should try to write __________ eve n when you ’ re busy. As you know, pract ice makes perfect.A.now and thenB.more or lessC.sooner or laterD.here and there10.We are living a_____A.stillB.quietC.calmD.silent11.When Bob woke up he found himself in hospital, but he didn t __________.A.came aboutB. came outC. came along12.The world ’ s smallest baby, a __________ girl weighed just 24 grams when she was born .A.three monthsB.three-month-oldC.three months oldD.three-months-old13.One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain __________ good knowledge of basic word formation.A./B.theC.aD.one14.John said he would pay __________ second visit to China __________ next month.A.the; /B. the; theC.a; theD.a; /15.I __________ the movie, but now I hardly remember it. Can you remind me of its name?A.may seeB. can seeC. may have seenD. can ’ t have seen16.Are you _________ your classmates well?A.getting alongB.get long withC.getting long withD.getting along with life in the country.17.--- Have you moved into the new house? --- Not yet. The rooms __________.A.are paintingB.are being paintedC.are paintedD.have painted18.—You look very pale. You __________ very tired. —I didn ’ t sleep at all last night.A.must beB. must have been19.I want your_________, sir. I don t know what to do.A.advicesB.piece of advicesC.adviceD.advise20.For some reason, it __________ all day over the two weeks.A.rainedB.rainsC.was rainingD.has been raining第2卷一.单选题(共20题)1.You look not a bit older than you did 5 years ago. How do you __________so young?A.changeB.growC.becomeD.stay2.At this moment the bell rang, ________ the end of class.A.announcedB.. having announcedC.announcingD.to announce3.Mr. Smith is in good health now for it is quite a long time since he __________.A.not smokedB.smokedC. has smokedD.began to smoke4.I _________when I was a young girl.C.made diariesD.kept diaries5.It's seven thirty. I_________ go to school.A.have gotB.have got toC.got toD.had got to6.Where was __________ you met with the famous scientist?A.it thatB.itC.the placeD.there7.No one _________of it.A.dared to speakingB.dared speakC. can dared speakD.dare speaking8.This is the first time that I_________ at the meeting.A. had spokenB. have spokenC.amD. was9.An A4 sized panel ( 太阳能板 ) put onto the back of a jacket costs __________ US$15. It could __________ a cellphone during a summer walk.A.at most; workB.at least; controlC.at least; fuelD.at most; charge10.Our teacher __________ us to practise our spoken English as often as possible.A.hopesB.suggestsC.advisesD.lets11.Wood is often _________ paper.ed to be madeed making12.—It ’ s a warm day, isn —’ Yes, t it? it ’ s __________ cold. I just wear a jacket.A.not a bitB.a bitC.a littleD. not a little13.The speech is strongly impressed ________ my memory.A.toB.overC.byD.on14.You __________ put your computer in your bedroom.A.don ’ t needB.had not betterC.had better notD.ought not15.He came into the classroom_________.A.very upsetB.being upsetC.to upsetD.to be upset16.The number of tall buildings __________ greatly in Tianjin in the last few years.A.is increasingB.has increasedC.are increasedD. have increased17.The boy bought a new dictionary__________ he turned for help.A.from whichB. into whichC. whichD. to which18.__________ twenty-fifth of December is __________Christmas Day.C.The; aD.A; the19.— How are you today? —Oh, I __________ as ill as I do now for a long time.A.didn ’ t feelB.didn ’ t feelC. wasn’ t feelingD.don ’ t feel20.The two main popular__________ of Easter are the Easter bunny and the Easter egg.A.signsB. symbolsC. marksD.signals第1卷参考答案一.单选题1.参考答案： A2.参考答案： C3.参考答案： B4.参考答案： C5.参考答案： D7.参考答案： C8.参考答案： D9.参考答案： A10.参考答案： B11.参考答案： A12.参考答案： B13.参考答案： C14.参考答案： C15.参考答案： C16.参考答案： D17.参考答案： B18.参考答案： A20.参考答案： D第2卷参考答案一.单选题1.参考答案： D2.参考答案： C3.参考答案： B4.参考答案： A5.参考答案： B6.参考答案： A7.参考答案： B8.参考答案： B10.参考答案： C11.参考答案： B12.参考答案： A13.参考答案： D14.参考答案： C15.参考答案： A16.参考答案： B17.参考答案： D18.参考答案： A19.参考答案： B20.参考答案： B。
浙江7月自考外贸英语写作试题及答案解析
浙江省2018年7月高等教育自学考试外贸英语写作试题课程代码：00097Part One: Questions 1-20Directions: There are 20 sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. (在下列各题中选择一个最佳答案填空。
)20%1. Please let us have details of your machine tools _______ your earliest delivery.A. giving usB. give usC. to give usD. given us2. _______supporting your sales, we are sending some samples of our new makes.A. In order toB. With a view toC. Intending toD. Owing to3. It is quite probable that you could not find the model _______ you were looking in our catalogue.A. whichB. whatC. for thatD. for which4. We would ask you to do _______ to ensure punctual shipment.A. everything possiblyB. possible everythingC. everything possibleD. possibly everything5. Due to a serious shortage of shipping space we _______ deliver these machines _______ December.A. can…exceptB. cannot …untilC. can …inD. cannot …unless6. The delivery date and price are agreed _______ at the time the contract is made.A. toB. withC. uponD. in7. Please place your order immediately , _______ you will not be eligible for the discount.A. orB. andC. butD. thus8. The value of output of our department is higher than _______ in the corporation.A. any other departmentB. all the departmentsC. any departmentD. any departments9. The coffee you made this morning tastes _______.A. most stronglyB. stronglyC. strongestD. strong10. A profit-sharing plan was offered to _______employees in place of cost-of-living raise.1A. weB. theyC. usD. he11. _______ that you would need the goods now, we immediately shipped them to you.A. To knowB. KnowingC. Being knownD. Haven known12. Some machines require separate outlets; _______, new outlets were installed.A. furthermoreB. on the other handC. moreoverD. consequently13. Lura has _______ performance in the business this year.A. the most perfectB. the perfectestC. the most nearly perfectD. most perfect14. To play fair is as important as .A. play wellB. to play wellC. we play wellD. well to play15. Our company’s full range of products and services _______available through our local dealers.A. wereB. areC. beingD. is16. No one knew _______about the reason for the delay of the shipment.A. anythingB. everythingC. somethingD. any thing17. The position will be filled by _______the manager hires.A. whoeverB. whoC. whomeverD. whose18. Because of the construction decline, _______housing is available.A. fewerB. fewC. lessD. least19. Mr. Fenton spoke with Carmen and me about _______E-mail for inter-office message.A. our useB. our usingC. us useD. we using20. The projections of _______ President Baldwin have proven exceedingly accurate.A. ex-ViceB. ex-viceC. Ex-ViceD. Ex-vicePart Two: Questions 21-30There is one mistake in each of the following questions. Detect and correct the mistakes. Write your corrections together with the mistakes on the Answer Sheet. (下列每句各有一个错误，找出错误并改正。
2023年全国7月高等教育自学考试英语阅读一试题
全国2023年7月高等教育自学考试英语阅读(一)试题请将答案填在答题纸对应位置上，所有题目用英文作答(翻译题除外)1. Careful Reading. (40 points, 2 points for each)Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to people’s desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers’money.Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago, a brand of bread was offered to dieters with the message that there were fewer calories in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic (适合于节食旳), but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer’s real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.Each Consumer must evaluate her or his own situation．Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers．but it does not force them to buy the product．Consumers still controlthe final buying decision．1.Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by________.A.stressing their high qualityB.convincing him of their low priceC.maintaining a balance between quality and priceD.appealing to his buying motives2.The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that______.A.thin slices of bread could contain more caloriesB.the loaf was cut into regular slicesC.the bread was not genuine breadD.the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same3.According to the passage，which 0f the following statements is true?A.Sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needs.B.Advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they don’t need.C.The buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisements.D.Fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment.4.It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should______.A.think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisementsB.guard against the deceiving nature of advertisementsC.be familiar with various advertising strategiesD.avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal5.The passage is mainly about______.A.how to make a wise buying decisionB.ways to protect the interests of the consumerC.the positive and negative aspects of advertisingD.the function of advertisements in promoting salesPassage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓旳) clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity than to step out of uniform?Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible (可减税旳). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.6. It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality____.A. enjoy having a professional identityB. still judge a man by his clothesC. hold the uniform in such high regardD. respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform7. People are accustomed to thinking that a man in uniform______.A. appears to be more practicalB. suggests quality workC. discards his social identityD. looks superior to a person in civilian clothes8. The chief function of a uniform is to______.A. provide the wearer with a professional identityB. inspire the wearer’s confidence in himselfC. provide practical benefits to the wearerD. make the wearer catch the public eye9. According to the passage, people wearing uniforms ______.A. tend to lose their individualityB. are usually helpfulC. look like generalsD. have little or no individual freedom10. The best title for this passage would be______.A. Uniforms and SocietyB. Advantages and Disadvantages of UniformsC. The Importance of Wearing a UniformD. Practical Benefits of Wearing a UniformPassage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.British newspapers can be classified into groups according to various criteria, such as area of distribution, size of sales, socioeconomic class of their readers, days (and times) of publication, and political bias. Each of these different criteria will lead to more or less different groupings.With regard to the area of distribution a fairly clear distinction can be made between national papers and local papers. The national, e.g. The Times, Daily Mirror and Sunday Express, are readily obtainable in virtually all parts of the United Kingdom at the same time. On the other hand, local papers, e.g. Yorkshire Post or Liverpool Echo, serve a particular area, and outside that area must be specially ordered.As regards the sales figures, we must recognize that there is no clear line that will distinguish between large and small sales. However, we make a somewhat arbitrary distinction here, partly based on copies sold, but also influenced by the type of content of the papers. This separates the so-called “popular” papers from the “quality” papers: the “qualities”, like SundayTimes or Financial Times, tend to have larger, more serious arti cles than the “populars”, such as The People or News of the World.Regarding the socioeconomic class of the readers, a classification on these lines will to a large extent reflect the above distinction into quality and popular. This is because the quality papers are mostly intended for the upper income groups, while the popular papers find their readers among the lower socioeconomic groups. Thus, a reader of The Observer or Financial Times, which are quality papers, is likely to be an educated person with quite a good income, while a reader of Daily Mail or The Sun is more likely to be a less well-educated person with a lower income.As to the days of publication, most British papers are either so-called “daily papers”, (which in tact do not appear on Sundays), e.g. The Guardian or The Scotsman, or Sunday papers, like Sunday Times or News of the world. Local papers with small circulations, however, might appear only once or twice a week, or even less frequently, depending on the demand for them. Concerning the time of publication, the vast majority are morning papers, i.e. they go on sale early in the morning, while the minority are the so-called “evening” papers, whose sales might start as early as midday, and then continue until the evening.11. According to various criteria British newspapers can be classified into______.A. national papers and local papersB. “qualities” and “populars”C. morning papers and evening papersD. all of the above12. The Times, Daily Mirror, and Sunday Express are readily obtainable in virtually all parts of the UK at the same time. Therefore, they are______.A. so-called “daily paper”B. national papersC. popular papersD. local papers13. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The “'quality” papers te nd to have large, more serious articles than the “populars”.B. The “popular” papers have larger sales.C. The “quality” papers find their readers among the upper income groups.D. A reader of the “qualities” is likely to be a less well-educated person with a lower income.14. As to the days of publication, British daily papers appear______.A. only on SundaysB. only once or twice a weekC. every day except on SundaysD. every day15. Sales of the so-called “evening” papers might start______.A. early in the morningB. as early as noonC. in the eveningD. at midnightPassage FourQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supposing players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society’s understanding—the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation.Education in any society is a minor of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weaknesses and the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.“All men ar e created equal.” We’ve heard it many times, but it still has important meaning for education in a democratic society. Although the phrase was used by this country’s founders to denote equality before the caw, it has also been interpreted to mean equality of opportunity. That concept implies educational opportunity for all children—the right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capacity, whether that capacity be small or great. Recent court decisions have confirmed the right of all children —disabled or not—to an appropriate education, and have ordered that public schools takethe necessary steps to provide that education. In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs.16. In paragraph 2, the author cites the example of the leading actor on the stage to show thatA. the growth of exceptional children has much to do with their family and the societyB. exceptional children are more influenced by their families than normal children areC. exceptional children are the key interest of the family and societyD. the needs of the society weigh much heavier than the needs of the exceptional children17. The reason that the exceptional children receive so much concern in education is that_______.A. they are expected to be leaders of the societyB. they might become a burden of the societyC. they should fully develop their potentialD. disabled children deserve special consideration18. The word “denote” in the fourth paragraph most probably means_______.A. translateB. indicateC. blameD. ignore19. This passage mainly deals with ____A. the differences of children in their learning capabilitiesB. the definition of exceptional children in modern societyC. the special educational programs for exceptional childrenD. the necessity of adapting education to exceptional children20. From this passage we learn that the educational concern for exceptional children_______.A. is now enjoying legal supportB. disagrees with the tradition of the countryC. was clearly stated by the country’s foundersD. will exert great influence over court decisionsII. Speed Reading. (10 points, 1 point for each)Passage FiveQuestions 21-25 are based on the following passage.The human thumb made man. Its development was as important an event in man’s growth as his success in learning to walk upright. The thumb shaped the human hand. Without it, man might not have survived. Luckily, the hand developed only one thumb. Two thumbs on one hand would be like having two or more cooks in a small kitchen. They would get in each other’s way. As one English writer said almost 500 years ago, “Ah, each finger today is a thumb, I think.”That is how we still describe a man who cannot get anything right. We say he is “all thumbs”. There are days when this happens to all of us, days when everything we do seems to go wrong. We cannot even get the right shoes on. The typist cannot hit the right key. The carpenter’s hammer misses the nail and hits his finger. Nothing can be done but throw up one’s hands and moan (悲叹), “God, I am all thumbs today!”Clearly, the hand can have just one master—the thumb. It gives the hand a freedom and control of movement that are beautiful to see. This can be seen in old sculptures and stone carvings. We have a special phrase to express this mastery of the thumb. When one is ruled by another, completely controlled by him, we say the pe rson is “under the other’s thumb”. A sick man, for example, often finds himself “under his doctor’s thumb”. Tenants have often complained about being“under the thumb of the landlord”.There was a time, very long ago, when such tenants might in anger “bite their thumbs” at the landlord. Such a gesture was an insult that could not be accepted lightly. People no longer do this. But they do something as childish and as offensive and ugly. They “thumb their noses” at somebody they want to defy or insult.21. If a person has two or more thumbs on one hand, he would______.A. do more thingsB. have a lot of troubleC. work as two or more cooksD. become a writer22. Without ______man might not have survived.A. the cookB. the thumbC. the fingerD. the writer23. When a person says “I am all thumbs today”, he means that_______.A. he can’t get the right shoes onB. his hammer misses the nail and hits his fingerC. he does everything smoothlyD. he can’t get everything right24. When a person is completely controlled by another person, _______.A. we say that he is “all thumbs”B. we say that he has “a great thumb”C.. we say that he is “under the other’s thumb”D. he turns thumb down on him25. When you want to insult someone, you can_______.A. put your thumb on your noseB. wave your thumb at himC. put him under your thumbD. do nothing with your thumbPassage SixQuestions 26-30 are based on the following passage.Where did the movies begin? It is often said that they are an American invention, but this is not entirely true. The motion picture has been the most international of arts before the dawn of the 20th century.Soon after 1889, when the famous American inventor Thomas Edison first showed motion pictures through a device called the kinetoscope, other devices for the same purpose appeared all over the world. One other important contribution by Edison was the introduction of 35mm as the international standard film width. When it became possible to use any 35mm machine for showing movies from any part of the world, the international trading of films could begin.During the first years, there were no special movie theaters. Films were often shown in buildings which had formerly beenstores. In America, these became known as nickelodeons because each member of the audience paid a nickel (five cents) to watch the movie.At first, movies pleased people just because the experience of watching them was new. In the black and white shadows, one could see larger-than-life images of reality and they moved! But images alone cannot keep people interested forever. Then cameras were taken to South Africa and Cuba to photograph wars in action. Prizefights were filmed, and so were religious processions. But none of these attractions could please the crowds for long.What gave the movies the possibility of becoming an art form was the introduction of narrative. Someone realized that a film could tell a story.Edwin S. Porter was a director and cameraman for Thomas Edison’s company. He advanced the art of the film by a giant step when, in 1903, he produced The Great Train Robbery.Although this account of a mail robbery and the pursuit of the robbers was very simple, it required the filming of several different locations. The result was a film that not only shifted freely from place to place but even enabled viewers to see two actions that occurred at the same time. They watched the robbers escape and then saw the pursuers gathering for the pursuit. Within this brief, eight-minute movie lay the seeds of a true art form.In 1908, Biograph, a small film company in New York, employed a man who was to become the first true genius of motion pictures. He was D. W. Griffith, an unsuccessful actor and writer of plays, who had worked briefly for Porter. Griffith preferred writing to acting, but at Biograph he worked as a writer, an actor and a director. In less than five years, he directed almost 300 pictures, raised Biograph to a leading position among film companies, and laid the foundations for modernfilm art.26. The first motion pictures were shown by Thomas Edison in_______.A. 1889B. 1903C. 1907D. 190827. _______ made the international trading of films possible.A. The use of nickelsB. Movie theatersC. The introduction of 35mm as the international standard film widthD. A device called the kinetoscope28. _______made it possible for films to become an art form.A. Larger-than-life images of realityB. The fact that wars were filmedC. PrizefightD. The introduction of narrative29. The writer said that Porter advanced the art of the film by a giant step in producing The Great Train Robbery.This is probably because the film_______.A. had a title which had a tremendous effectB. was the longest at that timeC. was produced by a directorD. required the filming of several different locations30. _______is regarded as the first true genius of motion picture.A. EdisonB. PorterC. GriffithD. BiographIlI. Discourse Cloze. (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: The following passage is taken from the textbook. Read the passage and fill in the numbered spaces (there are more suggested answers than necessary). Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.WORLD WAR II, the name commonly given to the global conflict of 1939-1945. It was the greatest and most destructive war in history. 31. _______, World War II included gigantic struggles not only in Europe but in Asia, Africa, and the far-flung (广泛旳,漫长旳) islands of the Pacific as well. More than 17 million members of the armed forces of the various belligerents (交战国) perished during the conflict. Its conduct strained the economic capabilities of the major nations and left manycountries on the edge of collapse.At the end of World War I the victorious nations formed the League of Nations for the purpose of airing international disputes, and of mobilizing its members for a collective effort to keep the peace in the event of aggression by any nation against another or of a breach (对法律、义务等旳违犯) of the peace treaties. The United States, imbued (鼓吹) with isolationism, did not become a member. The League failed in its first test. In 1931 the Japanese, using as an excuse the explosion of a small bomb under a section of track of the South Manchuria Railroad (over which they had virtual control), initiated military operations designed to conquer all of Manchuria. 32. _______ Thereupon, Japan resigned from the League. Meanwhile, Manchuria had been overrun and transformed into a Japanese puppet state under the name of Manchukuo. 33. _______.In 1933 also, Adolf Hitler came to power as dictator of Germany and began to rearm the country in contravention (违反，违反) of the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles. 34.___. That year the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini began his long-contemplated invasion of Ethiopia, which he desired as an economic colony. 35. _______. British and French efforts to effect a compromise settlement failed, and Ethiopia was completely occupied by the Italians in 1936.Alarmed by German rearmament, France sought an alliance with the USSR. Under the pretext that this endangered Germany, Hitler remilitarized the Rhineland in 1936. 36. _______. Emboldened by this success, Hitler intensified his campaign for Lebensraum (space for living) for the German people. 37. _______. In September, as Hitler increased his demands on the Czechs and war seemed imminent, the British and French arranged a conference with Hitler and Mussolini. At the Munich Conference they agreed to German occupation of the Sudetenland, Hitler’s asserted last claim, in the hope of maintaining peace. This hope was short lived, for in March 1939, Hitler took over the rest of Czechoslovakia and seized the former German port of Memel from Lithuania. There followed demands on Poland with regard to Danzig (波兰港口) and the Polish Corridor. 38. _______. After surprising the world with the announcement of a nonaggression pact (公约) with his sworn foe, the Soviet Union, he sent his armies across the Polish border on Sept. 1, 1939.39. _______.As the Germans devastated Poland, the Russians moved into the eastern part of the country and began the process that was to lead to the absorption in 1940 of Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania. They also made demands on Finland. 40. _______.Meanwhile, Japan had undertaken military operations for the subjugation of China proper, and was making preparationsfor the expansion of its empire into Southeast Asia and the rich island groups of the Southwest Pacific. Mussolini watched the progress of his fellow dictator, Hitler, while preparing to join in the war at a favorable moment.(From The World War II in Brief)A. The League voted minor sanctions (制裁) against Italy, but these had slight practical effectB. He denounced the provisions of that treaty that limited German armament and in 1935 reinstituted compulsory military serviceC. Whereas military operations in World War I were conducted primarily on the European continentD. He forcibly annexed (吞并) Austria in March 1938, and then, charging abuse of German minorities, threatened CzechoslovakiaE. Because of a lack of resources, Allied strategy had envisioned the prior defeat of Germany while remaining on the defensive against the JapaneseF. After receiving the report of its commission of inquiry, the League adopted a resolution in 1933 calling on the Japanese to withdrawG. The Poles remained adamant (顽强旳，坚决旳), and it became clear to Hitler that he could attain his objectives only by forceH. Beset (缠扰) by friction and dissension (冲突，纠纷) among its members, the League took no further actionI. Britain and France, pledged to support Poland in the event of aggression, declared war on Germany two days laterJ. It was a dangerous venture, for Britain and France could have overwhelmed Germany, but, resolved to keep the peace, they took no actionK. The recalcitrant (顽抗旳) Finns were subdued in the Winter War of 1939-1940, but only after dealing the Russians several humiliating military reversesL. War’s end found the United States and the USSR the two greatest powers in the worldIV. Word Formations. (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word in the brackets. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.41. (significant) It is a waste of time to listen to his ______talk.42. (astonish) I was ______ at the news of his escape.43. (bankruptcy) Our business is at the crossing. If this deal does not succeed, we shallbe______.44. (vain) Before they fled the country, the enemy ______attempted to destroy all thefactories.45. (extinct) His movie of the______of dinosaurs was a great success.46. (exist) In her speech, the Minister came out against any change to the ______law.47. (patient) The nurse has been criticized for the third time for she is always ______withher patients.48. (mystery) There are many______stories about the Egyptian pyramids.49. (valid) This ticket has passed its expiration date, and so it is now______.50. (deprivation) If you drive too fast, the police will______you of your licence.V. Gap Filling. (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: The following passage is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box (there are more words than necessary). Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Before the war ended, these thirteen states realized that they would need to work together in peacetime as they had been 51. ______ to do in wartime. In 1782 they put into effect a plan for 52.______ under a federal system. This meant that each of the states would remain 53. ______ in many ways but would join with the others in a government that would be able to do thingsthat individual states could not do by themselves with success. Unfortunately this plan did not provide for a federal government strong enough to 54.______ it to do what needed to be done. This became clear after a few years of experience. In 1786 a call went out to all the states inviting them to send delegates to a meeting to be held in Philadelphia in the spring of 1787. This meeting was the Constitutional Convention, a great 55.________ point in American history.No more important meeting has ever been held in America. To it came fifty-five men, 56. ______ them some of the most famous men in our history. They included George Washington who presided over the convention, Benjamin Franklin, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton. They worked 57.______ and in secret from May well into September and adjourned only after they had written a new plan of government to be sent to the thirteen states for 58.______ The document was the Constitution of the United States. A great English statesman called this constitution “the most 59. ______ work known to me in modern times to have been produced by the human intellect, at a single stroke (so to speak), in its 60. ______ to political affairs.” Before 1788 had ended, the Constitution had been approved in most of the states and in 1789 it went into effect. Since then it has been the fundamental law of the nation.(From The Constitution of the United States) VI. Short Answer Questions. (10 points, 5 points for each)Directions: The following 2 questions are based on Passage Four in this test paper. Read the passage carefully again and answer the questions briefly by referring back to Passage Four. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.61. What’s the function of education in a society? Why does the public education show great interest in exceptional children?62. What does the statement “All men are created equal.” mean according to the passage?VII. Translation. (10 points, 2 points for each)Directions: The following excerpt is taken from the textbook. Read the paragraphs carefully and translate into Chinese each of the numbered and underlined parts.It was twenty years ago and I was living in Paris. 63. I had a tiny apartment in the Latin Quarter overlooking a cemetery and I was earning barely enough money to keep body and soul together. She had read a book of mine and had written to me about it. I answered, thanking her, and presently I received from her another letter saying that she was passing through Paris and。
浙江7月高等教育自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题及答案解析
浙江省2018年7月高等教育自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题课程代码：00096Ⅰ.常用词语的英译汉(每个词组1分，共10分)Put the following phrases into Chinese.1.trade fairs and exhibitions2.intellectual property right3.trade procedure4.export quota5.(government)procurement6.European integration7.Export Commodity Fair8.countervailing duty9.fledgling industries10.deinflationary policiesⅡ.常用词语的汉译英(每个词组1分，共10分)Put the following phrases into English.1.外商独资2.自然资源3.国内生产总值4.供需5.市场导向6.商业周期7.质量证书8.贸易逆差9.市场力量10.经常项目Ⅲ.正误判断题(每题2分，共10分)Read the following passage and decide whether the satements are ture or false.What Is MarketThe world market is used in a number of ways.There is a stock market and an automobile market,a retail market for furniture and a wholesale market for furniture.One person may be going to the market;another may plan to market a product.What,then is market?A market may be defined as a place where buyers and sellers meet,goods or services are offered for sale,and transfers of ownership occur.A market may also be defined as the demand made by a certain group of potential buyers for a good or service.For instance,there is a farm marker for petroleum(石油)products.The terms market and demand are often used interchangeably;they may also be used jointly as market demand.These definitions are not sufficiently precise to be useful to us here.For business purposes we define a market as people or organizations with wants(needs) to satisfy,money to spend, and the willingness to spend it.Thus in the market demand for any given product or service,there are three factors to consider—people or organizations with wants(needs),their purchasing power,and theirbuying behavior.We shall employ the dictionary definition of needs:the lack of anything that is required,desired,or useful.We do not limit needs to the narrow physiological(生理的)requirements of food,clothing and shelter essential for survival.In our discussion the words needs and wants are used synonymously and interchangeably.In strict interpretation,however,needs would refer to such basic physiological requirements as food,clothing,and shelter,while wants would be nonbasic preferences.However,in our affluent society,little is to be gained by trying to differentiate between the two.Many of us would see as needs some items that are far beyond food,clothing,and sheltter. 1.According to the passage,the word“market”can be used in different occasions and thereforeacquire different meanings.( )2.The sentence“…there is a farm market for petroleum products.”indicates that “market”and“demand”are sometimes synonyms.( )3.In the commercial field,the concept of market involves only people with wants.( )4.The words “needs”and “wants”can be used synonymously and interchangeably because theyboth suggest the lack of something.( )5.The passage is mainly about why people are confused with needs and wants.( )Ⅳ.单项选择题(每题2分，共20分)Choose one answer that best explains the underlined part or what is required in the following statements.1.In April,the EC imposed a ban on livestock,meat,and dairy products from 18 eastern countries following an outbreak of hoof and mouth disease in Croatia.( )A.levied a high tariffB.adopted quota systemC.limited the import volumeD.shut out imports2.Hire a commission buying agent who finds sources abroad on behalf of the principal.( )A.head of an educational institutionB.person who commits a crimeC.main actor or performerD.one who employs another to act as his agent3.An in-ouse service gives managers direct contact with foreign suppliers, an advantage to a firm that has a large volume of overseas purchasing.( )A.a business carried on in shelter,not in openB.a deal concluded in one's own countryC.an entertainments given to suppliersD.a negotiation with the supplier in one's own company4.But it often allows the purchaser a say in product specifications.( )A.revision to his requirementsB.room for bargainingC.right to decideD.presentation of complaint5.It is also the only way to ensure product exclusivity.( )A.right of only sale of a product,not shared by othersB.a competitive edge in sale of a productC.an advantage over other firms in sale of a productD.a small number of a product only6.Direct buying enables companies to do a better job of product development with key vendors.( )A.producersB.sellersC.consumersD.buyers7.Officials on both sides were optimistic that a deal on farming,which would unlock the rest of the round,was within reach.( )A.solveB.openC.tightenD.close8.Sony had to shrink 2,000 components into a space one quarter the size they occupy in a conventional camcorder.( )A.condenseB.add up toC.leave offD.make lighter9.With a target to aim at,the coverers know that the innovation is at least technically feasible.( )A.strongB.stableC.advancedD.possible10.Tourists enterprises and any other service industry outside the zone are not entitled to any special status.( )A.have no power toB.are not interested inC.have no right toD.are not obliged toⅤ.英译汉(每题4分，共40分)Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1.We will also implement the “going out”strategy,encouraging viable enterprises to invest abroad.This will enable us to take advantage of both the domestic and international markets.2.After China joins the WTO,consumers on the mainland will start to find more choices in their shops,including many new items from overseas.3.International marketing is important because the world has become globalized.International marketing takes place all around us every day, and has a major effect on our lives.4.Technology transfer is the transfer of systematic knowledge for the manufacture of a product,for the application of a process,or for the rendering of a service.The elements of the transfer are “human ware”,“soft ware”and “hard w\are”.5.Foreign direct investment tends to transfer assets from the developed world to the developing world.But the pattern is not entirely simple.6.We are not safely beyond a backlash against the new world of competition.7.Hong Kong and Korea didn't invent new or more efficient manufacturing techniques.They simply bought market share with low wages.8.Globalisation has aroused worries in many rich countries that free trade with much poorer countries threatens jobs and prosperity.This was plain in last year's debate in the United States over expanding the North American Free Trade Agreement.9.The world economy has sneezed,the mainland's export sector has caught a cold,and Hong Kong is suffering from influenza.There is no quick cure medication.10.The company's new formula was designed partly to keep Coke's sales growing overseas. Compared with Americans,who guzzle more soda than water,the rest of world is still in the sipping stage.Ⅵ.短文提问(每题2分，共10分)Read the following passage and answer the questions in English.Given the stakes involved,it's not surprising that the issue has become politically volatile.The outspoken opposition leaders of the National Assembly routinely criticize the government forgranting special tax breaks to the chaebol,which they argue have impeded the growth of small businesses and stymied entrepreneurship.1.What does “given”mean here?2.What is “the stakes”?3.Why was the government criticized by the outspoken opposition leaders?4.Give one synonym for “businesses”.5.What is the meaning of “involved”here?。
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全国2018年7月自考经贸知识英语试题
课程代码：00095
Ⅰ. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right: (5%)
（）1. indemnity A. the total annual income of a state
（）2. revenue B. compensation for loss
（）3. cost-effective C. an official group of persons who direct or supervise some
activities of a firm
（）4. board D. producing the best result for the expenditure
（）5. consensus E. general agreement
Ⅱ. Translate the following words and expressions: (10%)
(ⅰ) From English into Chinese:
6. economies of scale
7. documentary collection
8. Electronic Data Interchange
9. insurance policy
10. preferential customs tariff
(ⅱ) From Chinese into English:
11. 无形贸易
12. 保兑信用证
13. 运输标志
14. 商品交易会
15. 资本市场
Ⅲ. Make brief explanations of the following terms in English: (20%)
16. clean bill of lading
17. Incoterms
18. balance of payments
19. revolving credit
20. MFN
Ⅳ. Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word from the list (You can only choose 10 from the following 12 words in the square): (10%)
Successful multinational corporations eventually must learn (21)________ to inter-relate their subsidiaries with the (22)________ company, how to delegate decision-making authority, and how to develop satisfactory methods of control and supervision. (23)________ most traditional organizational structure is the international division structure, in (24)________ communication (25)________ the parent company is channeled (26)________ an international division. In the global structure there is no international division for overseas activities; instead, the entire top management becomes involved (27)________ international as well as (28)________ matters. The global approach unifies domestic and international divisions (29)________ one global division. It therefore
eliminates the danger of competition (30)________ an international division and a domestic one.
Ⅴ. Translate the following into English：（25%）
31.比较利益理论已成为现代国际贸易思想的基石。
32.配额或者说数量限制是最常见的非关税壁垒。
33. 如果投保的险别不是造成损失的直接原因，保险公司将不予赔偿。
34.已装船提单表明货物已实际装上开往目的地港的承运船只。
35.尽管有很多好处，反向贸易可能是风险很大的事。
Ⅵ. Translate the following into Chinese: (15%)
36. The transferable credit is designed to meet the requirements of international trade. It enables a middleman who
is receiving payment from a buyer under a documentary credit to transfer his claim under that credit to his own supplier.
A transferable credit may only be transferred once. The second beneficiary may not further transfer it
unless there is an express provision to this effect in the original credit. This limit on transferability is intended to prevent abuse. On the other hand, the first beneficiary can transfer fractions of the original credit to several suppliers, provided that partial shipments are allowed. The aggregate of these partial transfers constitutes one transfer.
Ⅶ. Answer the following questions in English: (15%)
37. What are the three major functions of the bill of lading?
38. What does “insurable interest”mean? Why insurable interest is a very important principle of insurance?。