浅谈英语无灵主语句
高中英语高考读后续写无灵主语知识讲解
高考英语读后续写无灵主语讲解“无灵主语”简单理解就是“没有生命力”的东西做主语。
比如时间，地点，自然现象等。
“有灵动词”简单理解就是把没有生命力的东西，赋予有生命力的动作。
比如上一句Mylove goes to everybody.中love就是没有生命力的名词，但是go就是有生命。
无灵主语句=无灵主语+有灵动词一、无灵主语的优点1.增加主语的多样性。
往往在写作时，我们会反复用同一有生命的词作主语，使语句显得单调，重复。
这些总在不经意之间常常发生。
例如 We don’t think so.If we want light,we must conquer darkness. 我们并不这么认为。
如果我们想要光明，我们就必须征服黑暗。
三个we的使用，使句子显得平淡，甚至别扭，但如果稍加变动，句子会显得协调的多。
Wedon’t think so.If we want light,darkness must be conquered. 我们并不这么认为。
如果我们想要光明，黑暗就必须被征服。
2.增使语言更生动化。
将无生命的事物作主语而展开的句子，往往会用上比喻、拟人等修辞手法，语言随之提升一个档次。
这也就是无灵主语的难点所在，也是华丽之处。
需要注意的是，并不是简单的主动语态变为被动语态，而是用主动语态去表达被动意义。
比如：I forgot his name.我们忘了他的名字了。
并不是简单地变为His name was forgotten by me.而应当更为形象的用主动语态表示。
比如我们可以说：“他的名字溜出了我的大脑。
”His name slipped my mind.“他的名字没有在我头脑中扎根。
”His name didn't take root in my mind.其实要写这样的句子并不难，只要掌握这种思想，加上一段时间的练习，肯定会下笔如有神。
再比如：He was excited.他很兴奋。
英语无灵主语句
英语无灵主语句ⅰ主语是某种心理感受，谓语选择creep, strike, seize, dawn, catch, worm into, grip, enter, register, overcome, take possession of, surround, give way to, desert, pass, tear等词。
Fear gripped the village. 整个村庄笼罩在恐怖之中Courage deserted him.他没有了勇气。
His presence of mind deserted him.他失去了沉着。
The earthquake struck the village two minutes ago.It dawns on me that *** 开始明白A new dignity crept into his steps.他走起路来，又不知不觉新添了几分尊严。
My perception for free-loaders----welfare and food stamp recipients----had always been tinged with disdain. 过去，我一向都用轻蔑的眼光看待那些揩油的人——福利金和食品券的领取者。
His action was prompted by the fear of being attacked. 怕遭到攻击，他采取了行动。
Anxiety tore him into pieces. 他焦虑万分，肝肠寸断。
By now optimism had given way to doubt. 现在，乐观变成了怀疑。
Anger choked my words.我气的说不出话。
ⅱ主语选择心理动作，谓语选择fill, give, make等“使…心理变化”的词汇。
The sight of the desolation filled me with forlornness. 看到着孤寂的景象，我心中满是凄凉。
体现英语思维的句型——无灵主语句
Terry’s tip: Only the grasp of some sentence structures typical in English can give you a glance of what English thinking really is, and once you have a good command of that, you’ll be more native-like.英语中的无灵主语句无灵主语句是英语思维不同于汉语思维的典型体现，只有悟性超群的学生才能窥见此中真谛。
一、常见的无灵主语句：客观事物“看”得见（see, find, witness）①The new century will see a significant and far-reaching change in China.中国在新世纪将发生重大而深远的变化。
②Tianjin first saw the rise of the May Fourth Movement.“五四运动”最早从天津开始。
③Youth sees him on a job and in love.进入青春期，他工作了，他恋爱了。
④The world history has seen more tears than laughter.在世界历史上泪水比欢笑多。
⑤September finds agreeable weather in Shanghai.九月的上海天气宜人。
⑥The year 2003 witnessed an unprecedented disastrous flood in Huai river basin.2003年淮河流域发生了史无前例的洪灾。
二、常见无灵主语句：生动地道的表达①你为什么会问这个问题？What makes you ask this question?②我突然有了一个好主意！A bright idea flashed/jumped into my mind!③我一时想不起他的名字来了。
无灵主语句[整理版]
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英语无灵主语句一.主语是情感状态的抽象名词谓语选择如：creep, strike, seize, dawn, catch, worm into, grip, enter, register, overcome, take possession of, surround, give way to, desert, pass, tear 等词。
1. Fear gripped the village. 整个村庄笼罩在恐怖之中。
2. Courage deserted him. 他没有了勇气。
3. His presence of mind deserted him. 他失去了沉着。
4. The earthquake struck the village two minutes ago.5. A new dignity crept into his steps. 他走起路来，不知不觉添了几分尊严。
6. Anxiety tore him into pieces. 他焦虑万分，肝肠寸断。
7. By now optimism had given way to doubt. 现在，乐观变成了怀疑。
8. Anger choked my words. 我气的说不出话。
9. Astonishment deprived me of my power of speech. 我惊讶得说不出话来。
10. Neither sorrow nor regret followed my passionate outburst.我这样发作一通之后，既不难过，也不后悔。
11. A chill of horror suddenly swept over him. 他突然感到不寒而栗。
12. Despair seized him at the thought of her setting out alone to renew theweary quest for work.想起她一个人出去重新登上找工作的艰辛路途，他觉得万念俱灰。
英语无灵主语句类型、特征及翻译方法-英语论文-语言学论文
英语无灵主语句类型、特征及翻译方法-英语论文-语言学论文——文章均为WORD文档，下载后可直接编辑使用亦可打印——摘要：英语无灵主语句是英语书面语中常见的一种句型，也是英语中独特的语言现象。
由于中西方文化、思维方式的差异，理解和运用这种句型对中国学生来说是一个难点。
本文探讨了英语无灵主语句的形成原因、类型、句型特点以及翻译方法，旨在帮助学生更深入了解无灵主语句，避免汉语的负迁移，形成英语思维模式，使语言表达更地道、更准确。
关键词：无灵主语; 有灵主语; 思维差异;英语无灵主语句是英语书面语中一种常见的句式结构，也是一种独特的语言现象。
按照句子主语有无生命来分类，主语可分为有灵主语和无灵主语两种类型。
有灵主语句无论是在汉语还是英语中都是常用的表达方式，但是无灵主语句在英语中相对使用较多。
英语句子结构常用inanimate subject（无灵主语）+animate verb（有灵动词），而汉语句子结构则常用animate subject（有灵主语）+animate verb（有灵动词）。
英语无灵主语句的使用不仅可以准确地表达思想和观念，也能够反映出对语言的熟练掌握。
但是这种句型经常会给中国学生带来理解和运用的困难，有必要对其进行分析和研究，使学生英语水平提高，语言表达更地道、更准确。
一、形成原因语言是思维和文化的载体，思维和文化的差异也能通过语言表达体现出来。
汉语句式多是有灵主语，体现了以人为中心的思维方式；英语句式多是无灵主语，体现了客观判断，逻辑性和准确性。
不同的哲学思想对人们的思维方式产生了很大的影响。
中国传统思想把主体自身作为宇宙中心，认为认识了自身就认识了自然界和宇宙的根本规律，用主体的修养代替对客体的认识，主客一体。
这种主体性思维方式往往从自我出发来理解、解释，描写客观世界中的事物。
西方思维传统以自然为认知对象，强调客观性，认为只有认识自然才能把握自然，只有探索自然才能征服自然，因此主体客体二分，将自然作为自身之外的对象来研究。
28.3.1--无灵主语的特点
28.3.1--无灵主语的特点
1) 英语无灵主语句表达生动有力
例： The year 1998 witnessed an unprecedented disastrous flood in Changjiang River basin.1998年长江流域发生了史无前例的洪灾。
2）英语无灵主语句客观公正
例： Informed guesswork suggests that major tax changes are being considered by the Treasury Department.消息灵通人士猜测，财政部正考虑对税收作重大改革。
3）英语无灵主语句表达紧凑、简洁、凝练
例： High efficiency without anger makes her an angel.她办事效率高，又不发火，简直是个天使。
4）无灵主语句显得更加庄重、含蓄、幽默，多使用在正规文体例： The world history has seen more tears than laughter. 在世界历史上，泪水比欢笑多。
5）无灵主语句往往有拟人化的修辞色彩
例： A strange peace came over her when she was alone. 她独处便感到一种特殊的安宁。
总之无灵主语句是地道的英美人在正式文体中经常使用的表达方式。
这并不意味着不分场合不分语境走极端。
应该充分了解无灵主语句的产生及特点和翻译策略，从而更地道的使用英语。
体现英语思维的句型——无灵主语句
Terry’s tip: Only the grasp of some sentence structures typical in English can give you a glance of what English thinking really is, and once you have a good command of that, you’ll be more native-like.英语中的无灵主语句无灵主语句是英语思维不同于汉语思维的典型体现，只有悟性超群的学生才能窥见此中真谛。
一、常见的无灵主语句：客观事物“看”得见（see, find, witness）①The new century will see a significant and far-reaching change in China.中国在新世纪将发生重大而深远的变化。
②Tianjin first saw the rise of the May Fourth Movement.“五四运动”最早从天津开始。
③Youth sees him on a job and in love.进入青春期，他工作了，他恋爱了。
④The world history has seen more tears than laughter.在世界历史上泪水比欢笑多。
⑤September finds agreeable weather in Shanghai.九月的上海天气宜人。
⑥The year 2003 witnessed an unprecedented disastrous flood in Huai river basin.2003年淮河流域发生了史无前例的洪灾。
二、常见无灵主语句：生动地道的表达①你为什么会问这个问题？What makes you ask this question?②我突然有了一个好主意！A bright idea flashed/jumped into my mind!③我一时想不起他的名字来了。
英语无灵主语句
英语无灵主语句与英汉思维特征对比2.English sentences with inanimate subjects are a typical sentence pattern in formal written English.英语无灵主语句是英语正式书面语中的一种典型句型。
3.On Chinese-translation Characteristics from the Structure of English Sentences with Inanimate Subjects;从英语无灵主语句的结构看其汉译特征4.The Mechanisms and Forms of English Sentenses with Inanimate Subjects Revisited;英语无灵主语句的生成机制与表现形式再探5.Strategies and methods of translating English sentences with inanimate subjects into Chinese;英语无灵主语句的汉译策略与方法探索6.English sentences with inanimate subjects( ESWIS) are a kind of common and typical sentence pattern and a unique language phenomenon in English written texts.英语无灵主语句是英语书面语中常见的一种典型句型和独特语言现象。
7.Previous studies in translating English sentences with inanimate subjects into Chinese are mostly guided by the domestication strategy and chiefly explore effective liberal translating methods.英语无灵主语句这种独特句型的汉译,已有的研究大都在归化策略指导下探寻可行的意译方法。
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浅谈英语无灵主语句On the English Inanimate-Subjects Sentences班级: 姓名: 学号: 得分:摘要：英语无灵主语句是英语书面语中常见的一种典型句型和独特的语言现象。
由于中西文化，思维方式以及英汉语言之间的差异，给中国学生在理解和运用这类句子带来困难。
本文首先探究英语无灵主语的主要类型，它们分别是表示思想情感的名词做主语；表示行动和身体部位的名词做主语；表示情景和自然现象的名词作主语，表示时间和地点的名词做主语。
然后文章通过运用具体实例重点分析无灵主语句的翻译方法以提高中国学生的翻译水平。
关键词：无灵主语；类型；翻译Abstract: English sentences with inanimate subjects are a kind of common and typical sentence pattern and a unique language. Due to cultural and linguistic differences between English and Chinese and differences in ways of thinking between East and West, it is not easy for Chinese students to understand and use. This paper firstly explores the categories of inanimate subjects, which are nouns of feeling and thought; nouns of action and part of body; nouns of situation and natural phenomenon; nouns of time and place respectively. Secondly, it analyzes the techniques of sentences with inanimate subjects’ translation through concrete examples to improve Chinese students’ abilities of translation.Key words:inanimate subject；categories；translation1 IntroductionInanimate subject is a kind of english syntactic structure. The subject in english can be expressed in two types: personal and impersonal. When expressed in impersonal way, this sentence does emphasize the thing happening on the person, while in Chinese it can be translated into"什么人怎么样了". Furthermore, the impersonal subject also can be divided into two types: inanimate subject and animatesubject . This article mainly talks about the inanimate subject.2 Animate verbThe impersonal subject sentence with inanimate subject usually indicate the abstract concept , psychological feeling , concrete subject or time and place and so on,however, the predicate in this sentence usually is "animate verb" which indicate the person's or group's action and behaviour, like see, desert, find, bring, witness, give, escape, surround, kill, deprive, serve, send, know, tell, permit, invite, take, drive, prevent from and so on, and this kind of sentence is often rhetorical and carry personification.E.g. 1 Past experience has taught us that we should not depend on others for everything.E.g. 2 His name slips my mind.E.g. 3 A good idea suddenly strikes me.E.g. 4 A strange peace came over her when she was alone.3 The categories of inanimate subjects3.1 Nouns of feeling and thoughtEg.Having seen the man，a chill of horror suddenly swept over her. /看到那个人，她突然有种不寒而栗的感觉。
Despair seized him at the thought of her setting out alone tore new the weary quest for work. /想起她一个人出去重新登上找工作的艰辛路途，他觉得万念俱灰。
The " a chill of horror " and " despair " are feeling and thought.3.2 Nouns of action and part of bodyEg. Many years of hard work changed his father greatly. /多年的辛劳使他父亲大大变样了。
My heart failed me at the sight. /一见那情景我就失去了勇气。
Her eyes were the same color as the sea，cheerful and excited. /她那碧波般的双眸流露着兴奋和激动的神色The subject " many years of hard work " is an action, and " my heart " and " her eyes " are the part of body.3.3 Nouns of situation and natural phenomenonEg.A hush fell upon the assembly. /会场一片寂静。
A heavy rain visited the city. /这个城市刚下过一场大雨。
The subject " a hush " is the situation of assembly, and " a heavy rain " is a natural phenomenon.3.4 Nouns of time and placeEg. Dusk found the little girl crying in the street. /黄昏时分人们发现小女孩在街上哭。
The postwar years in Germany saw honors heaped upon the great scientist. /在德国战后的岁月里，这位伟大的科学家得到了种种荣誉。
The town boasts a beautiful lake. /镇上有个美丽的湖，人人以此自豪。
The city had witnessed many great historic events. /在这个城市曾经发生过许多重大历史事件。
The subject" dusk " and " postwar years " are the nouns of time,and " town " and " city " are the nouns of place.4 T he techniques of sentences with inanimate subjects’ translation4.1 Translation into animate-subject sentenceEg. The job exhausted me. 我已经干得筋疲力尽了。
His name escaped me from the moment.我一时记不起他的名字。
Obviously ,we can find out the logical subjects from the examples above. The logical subjects are "me" behind the verbs, so we can regard it as the direct subject when we translate the sentence into Chinese.4.2 Translation into adverbial clause of reasonThe inanimate-subject sentence can also be translated into adverbial clause of reason, but we should clear the logical relations between the subject and object.For exampleBusiness took him to the town.他因事进城了。