How Search Engines Rank Web Pages Part II

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英文classification作文

英文classification作文

英文classification作文下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成,希望大家下载以后,能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。

文档下载后可定制随意修改,请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用,谢谢!并且,本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料,如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等,如想了解不同资料格式和写法,敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!Classification is a way of organizing things based on their similarities and differences. It helps us make sense of the world around us by grouping similar things together and separating different things. For example, we can classify animals into different groups based on whether they have fur, feathers, or scales.In science, classification is used to organize living organisms into different categories based on their characteristics. This helps scientists understand the diversity of life on Earth and how different species are related to each other. It also allows us to study and compare different species to learn more about their behavior, ecology, and evolution.In everyday life, we use classification to organize and categorize things to make it easier to find and understand them. For example, we classify books in a library based on their genre, author, or topic. We also classify food intodifferent groups such as fruits, vegetables, grains, and proteins to help us make healthy meal choices.Classification is also used in technology to organize and categorize data. For example, search engines use classification algorithms to categorize and rank web pages based on their relevance to a user's search query. This helps users find the information they are looking for more quickly and easily.Overall, classification is a fundamental concept that helps us make sense of the world and organize information in a meaningful way. It allows us to understand the relationships between different things and make informed decisions based on these relationships. Whether in science, everyday life, or technology, classification plays acrucial role in how we understand and interact with the world around us.。

对于互联网的理解英语作文

对于互联网的理解英语作文

对于互联网的理解英语作文Title: Understanding the Internet: A Comprehensive Insight。

The Internet has evolved into an indispensable part of our lives, revolutionizing communication, commerce, education, and entertainment. Understanding its profound impact requires delving into its multifaceted nature and exploring its various dimensions.At its core, the Internet is a global network of interconnected computers and devices, enabling the exchange of information through a standardized system of protocols, such as TCP/IP. This interconnectedness forms the foundation of the World Wide Web, a vast repository of web pages, multimedia content, and applications accessible via the Internet.One of the key aspects of the Internet is its role as a communication medium. Email, instant messaging, socialmedia platforms, and video conferencing services facilitate real-time interactions across geographical boundaries. These communication tools have transformed how we connect with others, breaking down barriers of distance and time.Moreover, the Internet has democratized access to information, empowering individuals with knowledge and resources like never before. Search engines index billions of web pages, enabling users to retrieve information on virtually any topic within seconds. Online educational platforms offer courses on diverse subjects, allowing learners to acquire new skills at their own pace and convenience.E-commerce is another significant aspect of the Internet, enabling businesses to reach customers globally and consumers to shop conveniently from the comfort oftheir homes. Online marketplaces, payment gateways, and digital wallets facilitate transactions, creating new opportunities for entrepreneurship and economic growth.The Internet's influence extends to entertainment andmedia consumption as well. Streaming services deliver a vast array of movies, TV shows, music, and other forms of digital content on-demand, revolutionizing how we entertain ourselves. User-generated content platforms, such as YouTube and TikTok, have empowered individuals to create and share their own content, democratizing the media landscape.However, the Internet is not without its challenges and complexities. Issues like cybersecurity threats, privacy concerns, misinformation, and online harassment pose significant risks to individuals and societies. Ensuring a safe and inclusive online environment requires collective efforts from governments, technology companies, and users alike.In conclusion, the Internet is a transformative force that has reshaped virtually every aspect of our lives. Its role as a communication medium, information repository, marketplace, and entertainment platform underscores its profound impact on society. Understanding the Internet entails recognizing its capabilities, opportunities, andchallenges, as we navigate the digital landscape in the 21st century.。

seop的操作步骤

seop的操作步骤

seop的操作步骤英文回答:SEO (Search Engine Optimization) is the process of optimizing a website or webpage to improve its visibility and ranking on search engine results pages (SERPs). It involves various techniques and strategies to make the website more search engine-friendly and attract organic (non-paid) traffic.Here are the steps involved in performing SEO:1. Keyword Research: This is the first and most crucial step in SEO. It involves identifying the relevant keywords and phrases that users are searching for in search engines. By targeting the right keywords, you can optimize your website to appear in the search results when users search for those keywords.For example, if you have a website selling fitnessequipment, you might want to target keywords like "best fitness equipment," "home workout gear," or "exercise machines."2. On-Page Optimization: This step involves optimizing the content and structure of your webpages. It includes optimizing the title tags, meta descriptions, headers, and URL structure. On-page optimization also involves incorporating the targeted keywords naturally into the content, optimizing images, and improving the overall user experience.For example, you can include the targeted keyword in the title tag, meta description, and headers of your webpage. You can also optimize the images by adding alt tags with relevant keywords.3. Off-Page Optimization: Off-page optimization refers to activities done outside of your website to improve its visibility and credibility. This includes building high-quality backlinks from other reputable websites, social media marketing, guest blogging, and influencer outreach.For example, you can reach out to fitness bloggers or influencers in the industry and ask them to link back to your website or share your content on their social media platforms.4. Technical SEO: Technical SEO involves optimizing the technical aspects of your website to improve its performance and crawlability by search engines. This includes optimizing the website's loading speed, mobile-friendliness, site structure, and ensuring proper indexing by search engines.For example, you can compress images to reduce their file size and improve loading speed. You can also implement responsive design to make your website mobile-friendly.5. Content Creation and Optimization: Creating high-quality and relevant content is crucial for SEO. This includes creating informative blog posts, articles, videos, infographics, and other types of content that provide value to your target audience. Optimizing the content involvesincorporating the targeted keywords naturally, using proper headings and formatting, and making the content easy toread and understand.For example, if you have a fitness website, you can create blog posts about workout routines, nutrition tips,or product reviews. You can optimize the content byincluding relevant keywords, using subheadings, and adding bullet points for better readability.中文回答:SEO(搜索引擎优化)是优化网站或网页以提高其在搜索引擎结果页面(SERP)上的可见性和排名的过程。

关于自己感兴趣的学术领域的英语作文

关于自己感兴趣的学术领域的英语作文

关于自己感兴趣的学术领域的英语作文全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1The field of study that I am most interested in is environmental science. Environmental science is a multidisciplinary field that integrates physical, biological, and information sciences to study the environment and the impact of human activities on it. I have always been passionate about protecting the environment and finding sustainable solutions to the environmental challenges we face today.One of the aspects of environmental science that I find particularly fascinating is climate change. Climate change is one of the most pressing issues of our time, and it is caused by human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes. The consequences of climate change are far-reaching and include rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and loss of biodiversity. As an environmental science student, I am interested in studying the causes and effects of climate change and finding ways to mitigate its impact.Another area of environmental science that I am interested in is conservation biology. Conservation biology is the science of preserving biodiversity and protecting endangered species and ecosystems. I believe that biodiversity is essential for the health of the planet and for the well-being of future generations. Through my studies in conservation biology, I hope to contribute to the conservation and restoration of threatened species and habitats.In addition to climate change and conservation biology, I am also interested in environmental policy and sustainable development. Environmental policy plays a crucial role in shaping how we interact with the environment, and sustainable development is essential for meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. By studying environmental policy and sustainable development, I hope to contribute to the creation of policies and practices that support a more sustainable and equitable world.Overall, environmental science is a field that I am deeply passionate about, and I am excited to continue my studies and research in this area. I believe that by studying environmental science, I can make a positive impact on the planet and helpcreate a more sustainable future for all living beings. I am committed to finding innovative solutions to environmental challenges and working towards a healthier, more resilient planet for generations to come.篇2The field of my academic interest is digital marketing. As a student studying business administration, I have always been fascinated by the way technology is evolving and shaping the way companies interact with their customers.Digital marketing is a broad term that encompasses all marketing efforts that use an electronic device or the internet. This includes online advertising, social media marketing, email marketing, and search engine optimization, among others. With the advent of digital technology, businesses now have more opportunities than ever to reach and engage with their target audience in a more personalized and efficient manner.One aspect of digital marketing that particularly interests me is social media marketing. Platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and LinkedIn have become essential tools for businesses to connect with their customers and build brand awareness. Through social media, companies can engage with theiraudience in real-time, share valuable content, and gather feedback to improve their products and services.Another area of digital marketing that I find intriguing is search engine optimization (SEO). SEO involves optimizing a website to improve its visibility in search engine results. By ranking higher on search engine results pages, businesses can attract more organic traffic and generate leads. Understanding how search engines like Google rank websites and the various strategies businesses can use to improve their search engine rankings is a key component of successful digital marketing campaigns.Overall, digital marketing is a dynamic and rapidly evolving field that presents endless opportunities for businesses to reach their target audience in innovative ways. As technology continues to advance, I look forward to exploring new trends and strategies in digital marketing and applying them in real-world scenarios.I believe that having a strong understanding of digital marketing concepts and strategies will be invaluable in my future career endeavors. Whether I pursue a career in marketing, entrepreneurship, or business consulting, the knowledge andskills I gain in digital marketing will undoubtedly play a crucial role in helping me succeed in the competitive business world.In conclusion, digital marketing is a field that excites me and motivates me to continue learning and expanding my knowledge. I am excited to see where the future of digital marketing takes us and how businesses will continue to leverage technology to connect with their customers in meaningful ways.篇3Title: My Area of Academic InterestAs a student passionate about academic pursuits, I have always been fascinated by the field of psychology. Psychology is the study of human behavior and mental processes, and it encompasses a wide range of topics and subfields. Over the years, I have delved deep into this field, exploring various aspects of psychology and gaining a better understanding of human nature.One area of psychology that particularly interests me is developmental psychology. This branch of psychology focuses on how individuals grow and develop over the course of their lives. It examines the physical, cognitive, emotional, and social changes that occur from infancy to old age, and seeks tounderstand the factors that influence development at each stage.I am especially intrigued by the concept of attachment theory, which explores the bond between children and their caregivers and how it shapes their relationships and behavior later in life. I am also drawn to the study of identity formation and how individuals develop a sense of self and belonging in the world.Another area of psychology that captivates me is abnormal psychology. This field explores psychological disorders and conditions that deviate from the norm, such as anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and personality disorders. I am intrigued by the complexities of these conditions and the methods used to diagnose, treat, and manage them.In addition to developmental and abnormal psychology, I am also interested in social psychology, which examines how individuals are influenced by the presence and behavior of others. This field explores topics such as conformity, obedience, prejudice, and group dynamics, shedding light on the ways in which social factors shape our thoughts, feelings, and actions.Overall, my passion for psychology stems from a deep curiosity about the human mind and behavior. I am drawn to thecomplexities of the human experience and the ways in which psychology can help us better understand ourselves and others. I am excited to continue exploring this fascinating field and to contribute to its ongoing research and study in the years to come.In conclusion, psychology is a rich and diverse field that offers endless opportunities for learning and discovery. My interest in developmental, abnormal, and social psychology fuels my curiosity and drives me to delve deeper into the complexities of the human mind. I am excited to see where this journey takes me and to continue expanding my knowledge and understanding of this fascinating discipline.Through my studies and research, I hope to make meaningful contributions to the field of psychology and to further our understanding of human behavior and mental processes. Psychology is not just a subject of study for me, but a lifelong passion that shapes the way I see the world and the people around me. I look forward to continuing my exploration of this field and to uncovering new insights and revelations along the way.。

搜索引擎英语怎么说

搜索引擎英语怎么说

搜索引擎英语怎么说搜索引擎是指根据一定的策略、运用特定的计算机程序从互联网上搜集信息,在对信息进行组织和处理后,为用户提供检索服务,将用户检索相关的信息展示给用户的系统。

那么你知道搜索引擎用英语怎么说吗?下面跟着店铺一起来学习一下吧。

搜索引擎的英语说法:search engine搜索引擎的相关英语表达:搜索引擎营销 Search Engine Marketing搜索引擎工厂 Search Engine Builder搜索引擎最佳化 search engine optimization搜索引擎定位 Search Engine Positioning搜索引擎作弊 Search Engine Cheat搜索引擎的英语例句:1. I tried googling but couldn't find anything relevant.我试着用搜索引擎检索,但找不到任何相关信息。

2. I'm usually just using the search engines to look up information.我通常只是用搜索引擎找一些资料.3. Total profit for individual pages, groups of search phrases, and search engines.实现利润总额为个别的页面, 团体搜索短语, 和搜索引擎.4. Search engines are a good way to manage intranet information.搜索引擎是管理内部网上信息的好办法.5. Nowdays , we have many Internet search engines, such as Google, Yahoo, WebCrawler.现有的Internet搜索引擎如:Google, Yahoo, WebCrawler等, 可以帮助人们搜索Internet上各种信息.6. Hence, the merchandise search engin has the soil of its development.于是, 商品搜索引擎才有了其发展的土壤.7. Few search engines provide search for audio and video file formats.数搜索引擎提供搜索视频和音频文件格式.8. Do you need a powerful open - source search engine for your. NET application?你需要运行在. NET程序上强有力的开源搜索引擎吗 ?9. Cross - border and cross - language web applications and search engines designing and coding.跨语言的网络应用程序和搜索引擎的设计与编码.10. Web search engine is one of the applications of web mining technologies.Web挖掘技术的应用之一就是Web搜索引擎.11. Ask yourself what will a top search engine rank get you?问问自己会有什么顶级搜索引擎的排名得到你呢 ?12. Microsoft is engineering scale sale activity, popularize new edition to search engine.微软正在策划大规模营销活动, 推广新版搜索引擎.13. The search engine also warned it may slow down search speed.谷歌搜索引擎也警告说过滤会降低搜索速度.14. While search engine compared to its production costs almost to zero.而搜索引擎与之相比,其生产成本几乎为零.15. Search engine on the impact of classified information site.搜索引擎对分类信息网站的影响.。

WebPageTest使用指南与性能与转化关系分析说明书

WebPageTest使用指南与性能与转化关系分析说明书

There are several ways to measure speed and several metrics to choose between. Lighthouse andWebPageTest are two very good tools, but here we will initially focus on WebPageTest and calculate the correlation between speed and conversions with the help of Google Analytics.This is how you measure speed in :●Enter the url of the page you want to test●Chose a test location as close to your market as possible●Chose connection, for example 3G Fast for Europe or 4G if you only sell in countries with very good network connections (remember that networks in the countryside seldom are as good as in the big cities)●Click the tab Chrome and tic “Emulate Mobile Browser” + “Capture Lighthouse Report”●Click “Start test”To your analytics teamStep 1: Start tracking speed1Check your speedFrom the results of the test in WebPageTest, see if you reached these targets for a test on 3G Fast:●Start Render: <2sWhen the first dot of content shows on the screen ●Speed Index: <3000How many milliseconds it takes to load the content above the fold ●Load Time: <5sWhen the page is visually complete ●Bytes In (Page Weight): <1MbDid you reach the targets? If not, alert company stakeholders and help the developers get resources to fix speed issues. Use this site to calculate how much revenue you lose2Set targetsConversion rates alter depending on campaigns andseasonality, but since the same campaigns reach both mobile and desktop, you can divide the mobile conversion rate with the desktop conversion rate and see if the mobile site is becoming stronger regardless of campaigns. This metric is called Rel mCvR (Relative Mobile Conversion Rate).●Use this script to check the correlation between page load times and Rel mCvR○Go to File > Make a copy ○Go to tab Report Configuration, changeView ID to the id of your Google Analytics view (see image to the right)○Install this Google Analytics Add-on ○Go to Add-ons > Google Analytics > Runreports ○The result is shown in the graph tab3Check correlation with conversionsRegular reports on speed and its correlation with conversionsis the key to success.●Make sure the stakeholders get the report on correlation between speed and Rel mCvR●Make sure the engineers receive or do regular tracking of speed●Make sure the creative team start tracking all new pages and make them below 1Mb4Set up reporting within the companyLab data vs field dataWebPageTest gives so called lab data since the test is performed in a controlled environment. If you want to calculate thecorrelation between speed and conversions, it can be easier to use Google Analytics. GA uses field data (Real User Monitoring) so it may change depending on which market your business focuses on and the level of Wi-Fi/4G/3G/2G. Thereby, WebPageTest is better for giving a detailed speed metric, while GA can be used when you look at big changes over several months. Learn more about lab and field dataHere you’ll find your View IDStep 2: Optimize imagesincrease in revenue optimisation of images .“The most optimised image is the non-existing image” Removing images can lead to fewer complications and less maintenance.You should consider:●Removing unused and unnecessary images ●Prioritising loading hero images first ●Use CSS effects and animations where possible ●Use web fonts instead of encoding text in images Start working with image prioritizationOne reason: there’s no downside . Your site speed improves, which impacts both your search engine ranking and your conversions on the site.Run a Lighthouse Audit to identify your opportunities.Every byte counts!Etsy discovered that 160KB of additional images caused their bounce rate to increase 12% on mobile devices1Source: Lara Hogan, "Designing for Performance", 2014.Optimize your images todayIn our research , we found that the number of images on a page was the second greatest predictor of conversions. Optimizing images is a fast and cost-effective way to experience results, but in order to make speed optimization long-term sustainable, you need to add Site Speed as a KPI across your organisation. Learn more about KPI setting and performance budgets hereMake Speed a KPINext, make sure your images are formatted correctly:●JPEGs for pictures●PNGs for transparencies ●Use SVGs if possible, and ●GIFs for animationsUse progressive JPEG for images over 10k bytes, and beginexploring Next-Gen Formats , such as JPEG 2000, JPEG XR, and WebP.Learn more about selecting the right image format2Choose the right formatPNJPGWEBPOptimising images can help you achieve the largest byte savings and performance improvements for your website.●Compress images and remove metadata●Experiment with quality settings for your formats ●Server side resizing of images ●Enable GZIP compression for files●Use automated tools for image optimization ●Use responsive images to adjust to screen sizesDive deeper into this image optimization checklist 3Compress and resize Once everything else is in place, you need to make sure that your images are delivered as fast as possible.●Lazy loading: Loading images only when needed ●Multi-serving images : Serve different image versions to different devices. Use srcset and the browser will figure out which image is best●Placeholders : Display placeholders while loading ●Enable caching: Beneficial for returning visitorsLearn more about loading4Use loading techniquesStep 3: Optimizethe critical rendering paththe below steps need to be taken.●Speed Index in WebPageTest tells you if the contentabove the fold loads fast. Are you below 3000? Ifnot, you need to optimize the code.●Time to Interactive in Lighthouse shows you howfast visitors can interact with the content. Alsocheck Speed Index here.●Review how your resources are being cached●Make sure you use a CDN, especially if you sellinternationally●Shift to HTTP2 which makes it possible to loadmore resources at the same time1Extra recommendationsCheck metricsRun an audit with Lighthouse to get recommendations aboutwhat to fix within the code. Each recommendation isconnected to a link to learn more.Use Chrome DevTool to go through your code and see whereyou have bottlenecks. Here you can learn how to audit yourcode.2Since CSS is a render-blocking resource, it’s important to gothrough your CSS and only load what is needed on the page– check if you can inline. You can use media types and queriesto unblock rendering of the CSS that can be loaded later.Learn more about render-blocking CSS3Optimize CSS●JavaScript can also be render-blocking, so makesure you only load the necessary resources andthen use defer or async for anything that can beloaded later.●Does every script have an owner and is being used?If not, you might be able to clean some out●Go through your tag manager and check if there’sanything you can clean out here●Talk to your marketing department regardingmeasurement scripts. Are all tools being used? Is itpossible to use one measurement provider insteadof two or three? Work together and try to findopportunities.More about render-blocking JS and JS optimization3Optimize JavaScriptNeed time and resources to solve speed?Use the Impact Calculator to calculate how muchyour business will gain。

personalized page rank

personalized page rank

Personalized PageRankIntroductionPageRank is an algorithm used by search engines to rank web pages based on their importance and relevance. It is a key component of the Google search engine and is widely used in the field of web search and web mining. The traditional PageRank algorithm ranks web pages solely based on their link structure, disregarding user preferences and personalized information.However, in recent years, there has been a growing need for personalized search results. Users often have different preferences and interests, and they expect search engines to provide them with tailored and relevant content. To address this need, personalized PageRank algorithms have been developed to incorporate user-specific information into the ranking process.Overview of Personalized PageRankPersonalized PageRank is an extension of the traditional PageRank algorithm that takes into account user preferences and interests. It assigns a personalized importance score to each web page based on its relevance to the user.The algorithm starts by assigning an initial importance score to each web page in the network. This can be done using various methods, such as uniformly distributing the scores or assigning higher scores to specific pages based on user preferences.Next, the algorithm iteratively updates the importance scores of the web pages based on their link structure and the user’s preferences. It takes into account both the importance of the pages that link to a given page and the importance of the user’s preferred pages. The process continues until the importance scores converge, indicating a stable ranking.Calculating Personalized PageRankThe calculation of personalized PageRank involves several steps:1.Define the user preferences: Users can provide their preferencesdirectly or implicitly through their search history, clickpatterns, or feedback. These preferences can be represented as apreference vector, where each element represents the user’sinterest in a specific topic or category.2.Construct the transition probability matrix: The transitionprobability matrix represents the likelihood of transitioning from one page to another in the network. It is calculated based on the link structure of the web pages. Each element of the matrixrepresents the probability of transitioning from one page toanother through a hyperlink. The matrix is typically sparse andcan be efficiently represented using sparse matrix techniques.3.Initialize the importance scores: The importance scores of the webpages are initialized based on the user preferences. Pages thatare more relevant to the user are assigned higher initial scores. 4.Update the importance scores iteratively: The importance scoresare updated iteratively using the transition probability matrix.At each iteration, the importance score of a page is calculated asa weighted sum of the importance scores of the pages that link toit, considering both the importance of the linking pages and theuser preferences.5.Convergence criteria: The iteration process continues until theimportance scores converge. A common convergence criterion is tostop the iterations when the L1 distance between the importancescores of consecutive iterations falls below a predeterminedthreshold.Advantages of Personalized PageRankPersonalized PageRank has several advantages over traditional PageRank: 1.Relevance: Personalized PageRank considers user preferences andinterests, resulting in search results that are more relevant and tailored to the user’s needs. Users are more likely to find theinformation they are looking for quickly and easily.2.Diversity: Personalized PageRank can also take into account theneed for diversity in search results. It can balance betweenproviding results that are highly relevant to the user’spreferences and presenting a diverse set of options to explore. er feedback incorporation: Personalized PageRank can incorporateuser feedback, such as clicks, likes, and dislikes, tocontinuously improve the search results. By learning from theuser’s interactions, the algorithm can adapt and provide betterrecommendations over time.4.Dynamic ranking: Personalized PageRank can be used to createdynamic rankings that adapt to changing user preferences andinterests. As the user’s preferences evolve, the algorithm canupdate the importance scores accordingly, ensuring that the search results remain up to date.Applications of Personalized PageRankPersonalized PageRank has various applications beyond web search:1.Recommender systems: Personalized PageRank can be used inrecommender systems to provide personalized recommendations tousers, based on their preferences and interests. It can help users discover new content that is relevant to their interests andincrease user engagement.2.Social networks: Personalized PageRank can be applied to socialnetwork analysis to identify influential users or groups of users.By considering the interactions between users and theirpreferences, the algorithm can identify the most important nodesin the network based on personalized influence.3.E-commerce: Personalized PageRank can be used in e-commerceplatforms to recommend relevant products to users. By taking into account the user’s preferences, purchase history, and browsingbehavior, the algorithm can generate personalized productrecommendations that increase conversion rates.rmation retrieval: Personalized PageRank can be used toimprove the effectiveness of information retrieval systems. Byincorporating user preferences, the algorithm can rank searchresults based on their relevance to the user, leading to betterretrieval performance.ConclusionPersonalized PageRank is a valuable algorithm for providing personalized and relevant search results. By incorporating user preferences and interests, it can generate tailored rankings that meet the individual needs of users. With its applications in various domains, personalized PageRank has the potential to enhance the user experience and improve the effectiveness of recommendation systems, social network analysis, and information retrieval.。

信息检索文章 英译汉

信息检索文章 英译汉

信息检索文章英译汉Information retrieval(IR)is the process of obtaining information from a collection of information sources. It involves searching and retrieving relevant information to satisfy a user's information needs.The field of information retrieval has seen significant advancements in recent decades with the development of computer technology. In the past, information retrieval was a manual process where librarians would search through catalogues and indexes to find relevant information for patrons. However, with the advent of the Internet and search engines, information retrieval has become automated and more efficient.Search engines, such as Google, use complex algorithms to index and rank web pages based on their relevance to a user's query. These algorithms take into account various factors such as keyword frequency, page popularity, and user behavior to deliver the most relevant results. Users can then navigate through the search results to find the information they are looking for. Information retrieval is not limited to web search engines. It also encompasses other domains such as database searching, digital libraries, and text mining. In these domains, information retrieval techniques are used to retrieve relevant information from structured and unstructured data sources.There are several important components in an information retrieval system. The first component is the collection of documents or information sources. These sources can be web pages, databases,or any other type of information repository. The second componentis the indexing process, where documents are analyzed and indexed based on their content. This allows for faster and more efficient retrieval of information. The third component is the search interface, which allows users to input their queries and retrieve relevant information. The final component is the ranking algorithm, which determines the order in which the retrieved documents are presented to the user.In conclusion, information retrieval is a critical process in today's digital age. It allows users to quickly and efficiently find the information they need from vast amounts of data. Whether it is searching the web, databases, or other information sources, information retrieval techniques play a crucial role in accessing and organizing information.。

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How Search Engines Rank Web Pages Part II
3.Ranking and filter also
Selected files that match a subset,calculate the correlation after,probably the rankings have been identified.After search engines and possibly some filtering algorithms,minor adjustments to the rankings,one of the most important filter are punishment.Suspected of cheating the webpages, although the rights in accordance with normal weight and correlation calculations discharged to the front,but the search engine penalty algorithm may be the final step to these webpages transferred back to.
4.Rankings show
After all rankings determine the ranking procedure call to the original page’s title tag,label snapshot date data are displayed on the page.Sometimes search engines need to be dynamically generated page summary rather than the page itself is called descriptive label.
5.Location,Location,Location
Location……And Frequency
One of the main rules in a ranking algorithm involves the location and frequency of keywords on a web page.Call it the location/frequency method,for short.Remember the librarian mentioned above?They need to find books to match your request of“travel,”so it makes sense that they first look at books with travel in the title.Search engines operate the same way.Pages with the search terms appearing in the HTML title tag are often assumed to be more relevant than others to the topic.Search engines will also check to see if the search keywords appear near the top of a web page,such as in the headline or in the first few paragraphs of text.They assume that any page relevant to the topic will mention those words right from the beginning.Frequency is the other major factor in how search engines determine relevancy.A search engine will analyze how often keywords appear in relation to other words in a web page.Those with a higher frequency are often deemed more relevant than other web pages.
6.Cached Pages
Google takes a snapshot of each page it examines and caches(stores)that version as a back-up. The cached version is what Google uses to judge if a page is a good match for your query. Practically every search result includes a Cached link.Clicking on that link takes you to the Google cached version of that web page,instead of the current version of the page.This is useful if the original page is unavailable because of:
•Internet congestion
•A down,overloaded,or just slow website
•The owner’s recently removing the page from the Web
Sometimes you can access the cached version from a site that otherwise require registration or a subscription.
Note:Since Google’s servers are typically faster than many web servers,you can often access a page’s cached version faster than the page itself.
If Google returns a link to a page that appears to have little to do with your query,or if you can’t find the information you’re seeking on the current version of the page,take a look at the cached version.
As part of efforts to provide a clean and simple redesign of the search results page,Google moved cached and similar links within the Instant Previews.Just hover over the search result,then hover over the arrows that appear to the right of the result.Learn more about the recent changes to the Instant Preview feature:
Instant Previews refresh blog post:
/2011/09/choosing-result-you-want-just-became.html
Let’s search for pages on[sugar cubes math].
Click on the Cached link to view Google’s cached version of the page with the query terms highlighted.The cached version also indicates terms that appear only on links pointing to the page and not on the page itself.
When Google displays the cached page,a header at the top serves as a reminder that what you see isn’t necessarily the most recent version of the page.
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