翻译定稿
文言文翻译实用技巧(定稿)
地名
官名
与现代汉语义同
译：赵惠文王十六年，廉颇作为赵国的 将领征讨齐国，大败齐军，夺取了阳晋，被 封为上卿，他凭借勇气闻名于诸侯各国。
删除没有实在意义、也无须译出的文言词。如：
①句首发语词。②句中停顿或结构作用的词。 ③句末调节音节的词。 ④偏义复词中的衬字。 1.夫大国，难测也，惧有伏焉。 2.臣之壮也，犹不如人。 3.可以解燕国之患，而报将军之仇者，何如？ 4.且君尝为晋军赐矣。 5.备他盗之出入与非常也
翻译方法点津
第一招第一式：
凡人名、地名、官名、国号、年号、 帝号、书名、度量衡单位等专有名词或 现代汉语也通用的词，翻译时保留不变。
赵惠文王十六年，廉颇为赵将伐齐，大破 之，取阳晋，拜为上卿，以勇气闻于诸侯。 请问：上面句子中哪些内容是直接保留的？
人名、年号
人名
赵惠文王十六年，廉颇为赵将伐齐，大破之， 取阳晋，拜为上卿，以勇气闻于诸侯。
文言文翻译的方法指导
发语词
夫大国，难测也，惧有结伏构焉助词《曹刿论战》
臣之壮也，犹不如人。
停顿助词
可以解燕国之患，而报将军之仇者，何如？
且君尝为晋君赐矣。
备他盗之出入与非常也 句末语气词
衬字
1.将古词换作现代词; 2.通假字换成本字; 3.词类活用词换成活用后的词； 4.将单音词换成双音词。 换言之，留的留下，删的删去，其他的都是 “换”的对象了，这是字词翻译的重点所在。
樊哙曰：“今日之事何如？”良曰：“（事）甚急” 。 2.省宾语：以相如功大，拜（之）为上卿。 3.省谓语：一鼓作气，再（鼓）而衰，三（鼓）而竭。 4.省介词：晋军（于）函陵，秦军 （于）汜南。 5.省量词：口技人坐屏障中，一（张）桌、一（把）椅、 一（把）扇、一（把） 抚尺而已。
盛宏西餐菜单翻译定稿
早餐自助餐菜单（一）Breakfast Buffet Menu (A)冷盘：芝士拼盘寿司拼盘Cold Dish: Cheese Platter, Sushi Platter咸菜：美极腌菜芹菜花生米拌三生豆腐乳韩国泡菜自制蟹酱雪菜毛豆咸香榨菜丁Pickle: Delicious Pickle, Mixed Celery with Peanut, Mixed Radish with Turnip and Pepper, Fermented Bean Curd, Kimchi, Crab Paste Made by Shenghong Hotel, Salted Potherb Mustard with Fresh Soybean, Hot Pickled Mustard Tuber凉菜：酱牛肉芥末菠菜炝藕葱油豌豆苗黄瓜拌鸭肫胶东萝卜条Cold Dish: Braised Beef with Soy Sauce, Spinach with Mustard Sauce, Soy Mixed with Boiled Lotus Root, Pea Shoot with Scallion Oil, Mixed Cucumber with Duck Gizzard, Jiaodong Shredded Radish热菜：芝士香肠烤培根黑椒牛肉炒意面咖喱炒饭蒜茸娃娃菜茄汁焗豆木耳炒芥兰Hot Dish: Cheese Sausage, Roasted Bacon, Sautéed Pasta with Beef and Black Pepper, Fried Rice with Curry, Baby Cabbage with Chopped Garlic, Baked Beans with Tomato Sauce, Sautéed Kale with Black Fungus色拉：生菜西红柿濰县萝卜段黄瓜紫甘蓝土豆沙拉俄罗斯沙拉水果沙拉什肠沙拉Salad: Lettuce, Tomato, Weifang Radish, Cucumber, Red Cabbage, Potato Salad, Russian Salad, Fruit Salad, Mixed Sausages Salad配汁：千岛汁法汁油醋汁甜面酱蜂蜜Dressing and Condiment: Thousand Islands Dressing, French Dressing, Vinaigrelle, Sweet Bean Sauce, Honey糖渍水果：梨桃杂果荔枝Candied Fruit: Pear, Peach, Mixed Fruit, Lychee麦片：粟米片卜卜米甜甜圈全麦维可可米葡萄干话梅干核桃仁香蕉干菠萝干蜜枣Oatmeal: Millet Slices, Quaker Puffed Rice, Doughnuts, All-bran Cereal, Cocoa Rice, Raisin, Preserved Sweetened Plum, Walnut Kernel, Banana Slices, Pineapple Slices, Candied Date饮品：冷、热牛奶咖啡红茶、橙汁、梨汁山楂汁苹果汁豆浆Drinks: Cold and Hot Milk, Coffee, Black Tea, Orange Juice, Pear Juice, Hawthorn Fruit Juice, Apple Juice, Soybean Milk面食：油条酥皮火烧牛肉蒸包虾饺手抓饼奶白馒头Staple Food: Fried Bread Stick, Crispy Baked Wheaten Cake, Steamed Beef Stuffed Buns, Shrimp Dumpling, Hand-grasping Cake, Steamed Bread with Milk土特产：蒸南瓜蒸山药蒸地瓜蒸花生Local Product: Steamed Pumpkin, Steamed Yam, Steamed Sweet Potatoes, Steamed Peanuts面包：软包法包牛角包丹麦包香蕉包方包全麦包配：黄油草莓酱无盐牛油橙皮酱蜂蜜花生酱Bread: Soft Bread, French Bread, Croissants, Denmark Bread, Banana Bread, Toast, Whole Wheat BreadDressing and Condiment: Butter, Strawberry Jam, Butter without Salt, Marmalade, Honey, Peanut Butter点心：鲜果蛋糕芝士蛋糕曲奇饼干葡式蛋挞炸麻球鲜奶水果塔青州特产点心（隆盛）Dessert:Fruit Cake, Cheese Cake, Cookies, Portuguese Egg Tart, Deep-Fried Glutinous Rice Sesame Ball, Fruit Tower with Cream, Qingzhou Special Dessert (Longsheng )水果：苹果橙子西瓜香蕉小黄瓜桔子梨菠萝木瓜哈密瓜火龙果小柿子枣Fruit:Apple, Orange, Watermelon, Banana, Cucumber, Pear, Pineapple, Papaya, Hami Melon, Pitaya, Cherry Tomato酸奶：原味酸奶草莓酸奶Yoghourt: Plain Yoghurt, Strawberry Yoghurt汤：味噌汤西红柿汤Soup: Miso Soup, Tomato Soup现场料理：煎蛋蛋卷炒蛋荷包蛋馄饨水饺面条Cook on Site:Fried Egg, Omelet, Scrambled Eggs, Poached Eggs, Wonton, Boiled Dumpling, Noodle粥：小米粥、八宝粥Porridge: Millet Porridge, Eight-treasure Porridge早餐自助餐菜单（二）Breakfast Buffet Menu (B)冷盘：芝士拼盘寿司拼盘Cold Dish: Cheese Platter，Sushi Platter咸菜：豆腐乳炸咸鱼雪菜毛豆炒虾酱腌萝卜自制咸菜肉丝榨菜丝炒疙瘩片Pickle: Fermented Bean Curd, Fried Salt Fish, Salted Potherb Mustard with Fresh Soybean, Fried Shrimp Paste, Pickled Radish, Pickles Made by Shenghong Hotel, Shredded Pork with Pickled Mustard Tuber, Sautéed Turnip Slices凉菜：葱油豌豆苗海米炝芹菜清拌黄瓜什锦红参丝姜汁焖藕酱牛肉Cold Dish: Pea Shoot with Scallion Oil, Soy Mixed with Boiled Celery and Dried Shrimp, Mixed Cucumber, Assorted Red Ginseng, Braised Lotus Root with Ginger Sauce, Braised Beef with Soy Sauce热菜：牛肉早餐肠烤培根炸土豆饼蒜茸奶白菜炒米饭意大利面白灼菜芯Hot Dish: Breakfast Beef Sausage, Roasted Bacon, Fried Potato Cake, Milk Pakchoi with Chopped Garlic, Fried Rice，Pasta，Scalded Vegetables色拉：生菜西红柿濰县萝卜段黄瓜紫甘蓝华都夫沙拉意大利面沙拉土豆沙拉水果沙拉配汁：千岛汁法汁油醋汁甜面酱蜂蜜Salad:Lettuce, Tomato, Weifang Radish, Cucumber, Red Cabbage, Waldorf Salad, Pasta Salad, Potato Salad, Fruit SaladDressing and Condiment: Thousand Islands Dressing, French Dressing, Vinaigrelle, Sweet Bean Sauce, Honey糖渍水果：梨桃杂果荔枝Candied Fruit: Pear, Peach, Mixed Fruit, Lychee麦片：粟米片卜卜米甜甜圈全麦维可可米葡萄干话梅干核桃仁香蕉干菠萝干蜜枣Oatmeal:Millet Slices, Quaker Puffed Rice, Doughnuts, All-bran Cereal, Cocoa Rice, Raisin, Preserved Sweetened Plum, Walnut Kernel, Banana Slices, Pineapple Slices, Candied Date饮品：冷、热牛奶咖啡红茶、橙汁、梨汁、苹果汁山楂汁豆浆Drink:Cold and Hot Milk, Coffee, Black Tea, Orange Juice, Pear Juice, Apple Juice, Hawthorn Fruit Juice, Soybean Milk面食：水煎包蒸饺煎饼卷南瓜馒头油饼椰丝糯米糍Staple Food:Pan-Fried Buns，Steamed Dumpling, Fried Pancake Roll, Steamed Bread with Pumpkin, Fried Dough Cake, Glutinous Paste with Coconut土特产：蒸芋头蒸地瓜蒸毛豆蒸玉米Local Product: Steamed Taro, Steamed Sweet Potato, Steamed Soya Bean, Steamed Fresh Corn面包：软包法包牛角包丹麦包香蕉包方包全麦包配：黄油草莓酱无盐牛油橙皮酱蜂蜜花生酱Bread: Soft Bread, French Bread, Croissants, Denmark Bread, Banana Bread, Toast, Whole Wheat BreadDressing and Condiment:Butter, Strawberry Jam, Butter without Salt, Marmalade, Honey, Peanut Butter点心：黑森林蛋糕芝士蛋糕曲奇饼干西米布丁水果啫喱草莓慕斯青州特产点心（隆盛）Dessert:Black Forest Cake, Cheese Cake, Cookies, Sago Pudding, Jelly with Fruit, Strawberry Mousse, Qingzhou Special Dessert (Longsheng)水果：苹果橙子西瓜香蕉小黄瓜桔子梨菠萝木瓜香瓜密瓜火龙果小柿子枣Fruit:Apple, Orange, Watermelon, Banana, Cucumber, Pear, Pineapple, Papaya, Musk-melon, Hami Melon, Pitaya, Cherry Tomato酸奶：原味酸奶草莓酸奶Yoghourt: Plain Yoghurt, Strawberry Yoghurt汤：紫菜汤意大利菜汤Soup: Seaweed Soup，Italian Vegetable Soup现场料理：煎蛋蛋卷炒蛋荷包蛋馄饨水饺面条Cook on Site: Fried Egg, Omelet, Scrambled Eggs, Poached Eggs, Wonton, Boiled Dumpling, Noodle粥：小米粥、皮蛋粥Porridge: Millet Porridge, Egg and Pork Porridge旅游小姐自助午餐菜单（一）Miss Tourism Lunch Buffet Menu (A)冷拼：鸡肉里昂那拼芝士农夫肉拼萨拉米肠Cold Dish: Chiken Lyoner with Cheese, Salami with Meat巴西烤肉：烤牛舌烤牛三角肉烤牛肩峰烤牛柳烤牛排烤牛腹条烤鸡腿烤羊肉烤鸡翅中烤鳗鱼烤香肠烤大虾烤火鸡卷烤猪排烤玉米烤菠萝烤香蕉烤辣椒蒜茸牛肉Brazilian Barbecue: Roast Ox Tongue，Beef Tir-tip Sirloin, Beef Chuck, Beef Tenderloin, Beef Steak, Beef Flank, Chicken Leg, Lamb, Chicken Wing Middle, Eel, Sausage, Shrimp, Turkey Roll, Pork Chops, Fresh Corn, Pineapple, Banana, Pepper, Beef with Chopped Garlic咸菜：老厨咸菜姜芽美极腌菜榨菜丝八宝咸菜炒虾酱Pickle:Sautéed Preserved Vegetable, Ginger Sprout, Delicious Pickle, Pickled Mustard Tuber, Eight-treasure Preserved Vegetable, Fried Sautéed Shrimp Paste凉菜：潍县辣皮姜汁焖藕芥末鸡菠菜拌海鲜陈醋萝卜皮酱牛肉炸多味鱼拌虾丝凉拌木耳老醋花生米Cold Dish: Weixian Style Mixed Spicy Vegetables, Braised Lotus Root with Ginger Sauce, Chicken with Mustard Sauce, Mixed Spinach with Seafood, Radish Peel with Mature Vinegar, Braised Beef with Soy Sauce, Fried Tasty Fish, Mixed Shredded Shrimp, Mixed Black Fungus with Soy Sauce, Peanut with MatureVinegar色拉：生菜西红柿黄瓜苦菊潍县萝卜紫甘蓝俄罗斯沙拉华都夫沙拉青豆火腿沙拉海鲜沙拉配汁：千岛汁法汁油醋汁甜酱Salad:Lettuce, Tomato, Cucumber, Ruccola Salad, Weifang Radish, Red Cabbage, Russian Salad, Waldorf Salad, Green Bean Salad with Ham, Seafood SaladDressing and Condiment:Thousand Islands, French Dressing, Vinaigrelle, Sweet Bean Sauce热菜：（中餐）：腊肉炒木耳蒜茸娃娃菜肉丝山芹清炒芥兰家常豆腐土豆焖牛腩包菜翅丝(西餐)：炸猪排煎牛奶板鱼配柠檬汁黄油炒时蔬日式鸡腿咖喱羊肉海鲜意大利面鱿鱼筒饭Hot Dish:Chinese Food: Sautéed Black Fungus with Chinese Bacon, Sautéed Baby Cabbage with Chopped Garlic, Sautéed Wild Celery with Shredded Pork, Plain-fried Kale, Home-made Tofu, Stewed Beef Brisket with Potato, Sautéed Cabbage with FinWestern Food: Fried Port Chops, Fried Flatfish with Lemonade, Sautéed Vegetable withButter, Japanese Style Chicken Legs, Curry Lamb, Seafood Pasta, Squid Stuffed with Rice and Meat现场料理：（日餐）什锦寿司鳗鱼手卷飞鱼籽军舰刺身：三文鱼青花鱼青口贝牡蛎盐水虾鸟贝（煮海鲜）：花蛤白蛤扇贝鸳鸯贝Cook on Site:Japanese Food: Assorted Sushi, Eel Roll, Flying Fish RoeSashimi: Salmon, Mackerel, Mussel, Oyster, Boiled Shrimps in Salt Water, CockleBoiled Seafood: Clam Venerupis, Clam with Egg White, Scallop, Mandarin Duck Shellfish自助料理：巧克力喷泉各种水果、泡芙Self-service Food:Chocolate Spring, Fruits, Puff面食：小笼包煎饼奶香馒头蒸饺窝窝头牛角包软包法包麦包方包（点心）：迷你蛋糕黄油曲奇饼干奶油慕斯巧克力蛋糕青州特色点心（隆盛）Staple Food:Juicy Steamed Buns, Fried Pancake, Steamed Bread with Milk, Steamed Dumpling, Maize Cake, Croissants, Soft Bread, French Bread, Denmark Bread, Toast Dessert: Mini Cake, Butter Cookies, Mousse with Cream, Chocolate Cake, Qingzhou Special Dessert (Longsheng)土特产：烤南瓜蒸芋头蒸玉米蒸地瓜Local Product:Roasted Pumpkin, Steamed Taro, Steamed Fresh Corn, Steamed Sweet Potato饮品：自酿扎啤橙汁山楂汁桃汁果蔬汁雪碧可乐红茶Drink:Fresh Draught Beer, Orange Juice, Hawthorn Fruit Juice, Peach Juice, Seasonal vegetable and Fruit Juice, Sprite, Cola, Black Tea水果：苹果橙子西瓜香蕉小黄瓜桔子梨菠萝哈密瓜火龙果Fruit: Apple, Orange, Watermelon, Banana, Cucumber, Pear, Pineapple, Hami Melon, Pitaya粥：南瓜小米粥白粥Porridge: Millet Porridge with Pumpkin, Plain Rice Porridge汤：金针肥牛番茄奶油汤Soup: Beef with Enki Mushroom Soup, Tomato Soup with Cream炖品：当归甲鱼汤Stewed Soup: Turtle Soup with Angelica旅游小姐自助午餐菜单（二）Miss Tourism Lunch Buffet Menu (B)冷拼：鸡肉里昂那拼芝士农夫肉拼萨拉米肠Cold Dish: Chiken Lyoner with Cheese, Salami with Meat巴西烤肉：烤牛舌烤牛三角肉烤牛肩峰烤牛柳烤牛排烤牛腹条烤鸡腿烤羊肉烤鸡翅中烤鳗鱼烤香肠烤大虾烤火鸡卷烤猪排烤玉米烤菠萝烤香蕉烤辣椒蒜茸牛肉Brazilian Barbecue: Roast Ox Tongue，Beef Tir-tip Sirloin, Beef Chuck, Beef Tenderloin, Beef Steak, Beef Flank, Chicken Leg, Lamb, Chicken Wing Middle, Eel, Sausage, Shrimp, Turkey Roll, Pork Chops, Fresh Corn, Pineapple, Banana, Pepper, Beef with Chopped Garlic咸菜：腐乳拌大葱炸咸鱼美极腌菜自制辣椒酱咸豆腐韩国泡菜Pickle:Mixed Chive with Fermented Bean Curd, Fried Salted Fish, Delicious Pickle, Chilly Sauce, Salted Bean Curd, Kimchi凉菜：卤水拼盘海米炝芹菜昌乐拌黄瓜糟香鸡翅五香熏鱼健康海藻清拌鸡芥辣木耳五彩金针菇葱拌牛肉Cold Dish: Marinated Meat Combination, Dried Shrimp with Boiled Celery, Mixed Cucumber, Pickled Chicken Wing, Spicy Smoked Fish, Seaweed, Mixed Chicken, Black Fungus with Mustard, Mixed Eniki Mushroom, Mixed Beef with Onion色拉：生菜西红柿黄瓜苦菊潍县萝卜紫甘蓝俄罗斯沙拉华都夫沙拉青豆火腿沙拉海鲜沙拉配汁：千岛汁法汁油醋汁甜酱Salad: Lettuce, Tomato, Cucumber, Ruccola Salad, Weifang Radish, Red Cabbage, Russian Salad, Waldorf Salad, Green Bean Salad with Ham, Seafood SaladDressing and Condiment: Thousand Islands, French Dressing, Vinaigrelle, Sweet Bean Sauce热菜：（中餐）：山芹土豆条肉末炒木耳老厨白菜清炒芥兰炸沙丁鱼金蒜菜芯杂果烩南瓜特色焖茄(西餐)：奶油焗土豆法式猪扒牡蛎腌肉卷煎汉堡奶油意大利面煎鸭胸香煎三文鱼Hot Dish:Chinese Food: Sautéed Wild Celery with Potato Strips, Sautéed Black Fungus with Minced Meat, Sautéed Chinese Cabbage, Plain-fried Kale, Fried Sardine Fish, Sautéed Tender Vegetable with Chopped Garlic, Braised Fruit Combo with Pumpkin, Braised EggplantWestern Food: Baked Potato with Cream, French Pork Chops, Oyster and Pickled MeatRoll, Hamburger, Pasta with Cream, Fried Duck Breast, Fried Salmon现场料理：（日餐）什锦寿司鳗鱼手卷飞鱼籽军舰刺身：三文鱼青花鱼青口贝牡蛎盐水虾鸟贝（煮海鲜）：花蛤白蛤扇贝鸳鸯贝Cook on Site:Japanese Food: Assorted Sushi, Eel Roll, Flying Fish RoeSashimi: Salmon, Mackerel, Mussel, Oyster, Boiled Shrimps in Salt Water, Cockle Boiled Seafood: Clam Venerupis, Clam with Egg White, Scallop, Mandarin Duck Shellfish自助料理：巧克力喷泉各种水果、泡芙Self-service Food: Chocolate Spring, Fruit, Puff面食：家常饼羊肉蒸饺素菜蒸包糯米卷牛角包软包法包麦包方包（点心）：迷你蛋糕黄油曲奇饼干奶油慕斯巧克力蛋糕青州特色点心（隆盛）Staple Food:Home-style Wheat Cake, Steamed Dumpling Stuffed with Lamb, Juicy Steamed Buns Stuffed with Vegetable, Sticky Rice Ball, Croissants, Soft Bread, French Bread, Denmark Bread, ToastDessert: Mini Cake, Butter Cookies, Mousse with Cream, Chocolate Cake, Qingzhou Special Dessert (Longsheng)土特产：烤南瓜蒸芋头蒸玉米蒸地瓜Local Product:Roasted Pumpkin, Steamed Taro, Steamed Fresh Corn, Steamed Sweet Potato饮品：自酿扎啤橙汁山楂汁桃汁果蔬汁雪碧可乐红茶Drink: Fresh Draught Beer, Orange Juice, Hawthorn Fruit Juice, Peach Juice, Seasonal Vegetable and Fruit Juice, Sprite, Cola, Black Tea水果：苹果橙子西瓜香蕉小黄瓜桔子梨菠萝哈密瓜火龙果Fruit: Apple, Orange, Watermelon, Banana, Cucumber, Pear, Pineapple, Hami Melon, Pitaya粥：南瓜小米粥白粥Porridge: Millet Porridge with Pumpkin, Plain Rice Porridge汤：金针肥牛番茄奶油汤Soup: Beef with Enki Mushroom Soup, Tomato Soup with Cream炖品：肉骨茶Stewed Soup: Bak-Kut-The旅游小姐自助晚餐（一）Miss Tourism Dinner Buffet Menu (A)冷拼：火腿拼里昂那黑椒牛肉拼芝士Cold Dish: Ham with Lyoner, Beef with Black Pepper and Cheese巴西烤肉：烤牛舌烤牛三角肉烤牛肩峰烤牛柳烤牛排烤牛腹条烤鸡腿烤羊肉烤鸡翅中烤鳗鱼烤香肠烤大虾烤火鸡卷烤猪排烤玉米烤菠萝烤香蕉烤苹果蒜茸牛肉Brazilian Roast: Roast Ox Tongue，Beef Tir-tip Sirloin, Beef Chuck, Beef Tenderloin, Beef Steak, Beef Flank, Chicken Leg, Lamb, Chicken Wing Middle, Eel, Sausage, Shrimp, Turkey Roll, Pork Chops, Fresh Corn, Pineapple, Banana, Apple, Beef with Chopped Garlic咸菜：秘制辣椒美极腌菜虾酱炒鸡蛋八宝咸菜炸老咸鱼腌蒜苔Pickle:Special-made Salted Pepper，Delicious Pickle，Fried Egg with Shrimp Paste, Eight-treasure Pickled Vegetable, Fried Salted Fish, Pickled Garlic Bolt冷菜：葱油蘑菇千层猪耳芥辣木耳糟香鸡翅根五香熏鱼麻辣牛肉蒜泥茄子清拌胡萝卜丝酱牛肉炝豌豆苗Cold Dish: Mushroom with Spring Scallion and Oil, Layered Pig Ear, Black Fungus with Mustard, Pickled Chicken Wing Root, Spicy Smoked Fish, Hot and Spicy Beef, Eggplant with Mashed Garlic, Mixed Shredded Carrot, Braised Beef with Soy Sauce, Soy Mixed with Boiled Pea Shoot沙拉：生菜西红柿黄瓜苦菊潍县萝卜紫甘蓝意式沙拉意面金枪鱼沙拉苹果鸡肉沙拉粟米红腰豆沙拉配汁：千岛汁法汁油醋汁甜酱Salad: Lettuce, Tomato, Cucumber, Ruccola Salad, Weifang Radish, Red Cabbage, Italian Salad, Pasta and Tuna Fish Salad, Apple and Chicken Salad, Maize and Red Bean Salad Dressing and Condiment: Thousand Islands Dressing, French Dressing, Vinaigrelle, Sweet Bean Sauce热菜：（中餐）干香金针菇蛤肉焖土豆条蒜茸西兰花白灼菜心肉末炒木耳虾皮萝卜丝海米油菜（西餐）日式鸡腿扒煨牛腩烤羊排沙爹鸡肉串比萨饼西班牙海鲜饭黄油炒时蔬Hot Dish:Chinese Food: Sautéed Dried Eniki Mushroom, Braised Clam with Potato Strips, Sautéed Broccoli with Garlic, Scalded Vegetable Heart, Sautéed Black Fungus with Minced Meat, Sautéed Shredded Radish with Dried Small Shrimp, Sautéed Rape with Dried ShrimpWestern Food: Grilled Chicken Legs Japanese Style, Stewed Beef Brisket, Grilled Lamb Chops, Satay Chicken, Pizza, Paella, Sautéed Seasonal Vegetable with Butter现场料理：（日餐）什锦寿司鳗鱼手卷飞鱼籽军舰刺身：三文鱼青花鱼青口贝牡蛎盐水虾鸟贝（煮海鲜）：花蛤白蛤扇贝鸳鸯贝Cook on Site:Japanese Food: Assorted Sushi, Eel Roll, Flying Fish RoeSashimi: Salmon, Mackerel, Mussel, Oyster, Boiled Shrimps in Salt Water, CockleBoiled Seafood: Clam Venerupis, Clam with Egg White, Scallop, Mandarin Duck Shellfish自助料理：巧克力喷泉各种水果、泡芙Self-service Food: Chocolate Spring, Fruits, Puff面食：方包全麦包羊角包丹麦包香蕉包小餐包小笼包牛肉锅贴奶白馒头手抓饼Staple Food:Toast, Whole-wheat Bread, Steamed Stuffed Bun, Denmark Bread, Banana Bread, Little Stuffed Buns, Juicy Steamed Buns, Fried Dumpling Stuffed with Beef, Steamed Bread with Milk, Hand-grasping Cake点心：鲜果蛋糕芝士蛋糕曲奇饼干炸麻球蛋黄酥鲜奶水果塔青州特色点心（隆盛）Dessert: Fruit Cake, Cheese Cake, Cookies, Deep-Fried Glutinous Rice Sesame Ball, Egg Yolk Shortbread, Fruit Tower with Cream, Qingzhou Special Dessert (Longsheng)土特产：煮花生烤地瓜蒸玉米蒸山药Local Product: Boiled Peanut, Roasted Sweet Potato, Steamed Fresh Corn, Steamed Yam 饮品：自酿扎啤橙汁山楂汁桃汁果蔬汁雪碧可乐红茶Drink: Fresh Draught Beer, Orange Juice, Hawthorn Fruit Juice, Peach Juice, Seasonal Vegetable and Fruit Juice, Sprite, Cola, Black Tea水果：苹果橙子西瓜香蕉小黄瓜桔子梨菠萝哈密瓜火龙果Fruit: Apple, Orange, Watermelon, Banana, Cucumber, Pear, Pineapple, Hami Melon, Pitaya粥：玉米渣咸粥白粥Porridge: Salted Porridge With Hominychop, Plain Rice Porridge汤：紫菜蛋花汤味噌汤Soup: Seaweed and Egg Soup, Miso Soup炖品：人参乌鸡汤Stewed Soup: Black-boned Chicken Soup with Ginseng旅游小姐自助晚餐（二）Miss Tourism Dinner Buffet Menu (B)冷拼：火腿拼里昂那黑椒牛肉拼芝士Cold Dish: Ham with Lyoner, Beef with Black Pepper and Cheese巴西烤肉：烤牛舌烤牛三角肉烤牛肩峰烤牛柳烤牛排烤牛腹条烤鸡腿烤羊肉烤鸡翅中烤鳗鱼烤香肠烤大虾烤火鸡卷烤猪排烤玉米烤菠萝烤香蕉烤辣椒烤蒜茸牛肉Brazilian Barbecue: Roast Ox Tongue，Beef Tir-tip Sirloin, Beef Chuck, Beef Tenderloin, Beef Steak, Beef Flank, Chicken Leg, Lamb, Chicken Wing Middle, Eel, Sausage, Shrimp, Turkey Roll, Pork Chops, Fresh Corn, Pineapple, Banana, Pepper, Beef with Chopped Garlic咸菜：油焖辣椒雪菜黄豆美极萝卜皮炸小干鱼拌三生羊口蟹酱Pickle:Braised Pepper, Mixed Potherb Mustard with Soy Bean, Delicious Radish Peel, Fried Dried Fish, Mixed Radish with Turnip and Pepper, Yangkou Crab Paste冷菜：黄瓜拌油条特色拌茄螺片西芹芯糟香鸡翅根香葱拌豆腐糯米藕橙汁瓜条辣根拌鱼皮卤水拼盘葱油蘑菇Cold Dish: Mixed Cucumber with Fried Bread Stick, Mixed Eggplant, Sliced Sea Whelks with Tender Celery, Pickled Chicken Wing Root, Mixed Bean Curb with Scallion, Steamed Lotus Root Stuffed with Sweet Sticky Rice, Cucumber with Orange Juice, Mixed Fish Peel with Wasabi, Marinated Meat Combination, Mushroom with Scallion沙拉：生菜西红柿黄瓜苦菊潍县萝卜紫甘蓝尼斯沙拉俄罗斯沙拉海鲜沙拉意粉沙拉金枪鱼沙拉配汁：千岛汁法汁油醋汁甜酱Salad: Lettuce, Tomato, Cucumber, Ruccola Salad, Weifang Radish, Red Cabbage, Nioise Salad, Russian Salad, Seafood Salad, Pasta Salad, Tuna Fish SaladDressing and Condiment: Thousand Islands Dressing, French Dressing, Vinaigrelle, Sweet Bean Sauce热菜：（中餐）：干煸娃娃菜炸天妇罗干香茶树菇山芹土豆条三鲜日本豆腐虾虎肉汆鸡蛋双蛋浸时蔬（西餐）：炸鱼排配塔塔汁肠仔腌肉卷咖喱羊肉洋葱炒薯煎牛舌意式烩鸡黄油炒时蔬Hot Dish:Chinese Food: Sautéed Baby Cabbage, Fried Tempura, Sautéed Tea Tree Mushrooms, Sautéed Wild Celery with Potato, Braised Japanese Tofu with Three Delicacies, Sautéed Mantis Shrimp with Egg, Seasonal Vegetable with Double EggsWestern Food: Crispy Fish Cutlet with Tartar Sauce, Bacon Roll, Curry Lamb, Sautéed Onion with Potato, Fried OX Tongue, Braised Chicken Italian Style, Sautéed Seasonal Vegetable with Butter现场料理：（日餐）什锦寿司鳗鱼手卷飞鱼籽军舰刺身：三文鱼青花鱼青口贝牡蛎盐水虾鸟贝（煮海鲜）：花蛤白蛤扇贝鸳鸯贝Cook on Site:Japanese Food: Assorted Sushi, Eel Roll, Flying Fish RoeSashimi: Salmon, Mackerel, Mussel, Oyster, Boiled Shrimps in Salt Water, Cockle (Boiled Seafood): Clam Venerupis, Clam with Egg White, Scallop, Mandarin Duck Shellfish自助料理：巧克力喷泉各种水果、泡芙Self-service Food: Chocolate Spring, Fruit, Puff面食：方包全麦包羊角包丹麦包香蕉包小餐包小笼包牛肉锅贴奶白馒头手抓饼Staple Food:Toast, Whole-wheat Bread, Steamed Stuffed Bun, Denmark Bread, Banana Bread, Little Stuffed Buns, Juicy Steamed Buns, Fried Dumpling Stuffed with Beef, Steamed Bread with Milk, Hand-grasping Cake点心：鲜果蛋糕芝士蛋糕曲奇饼干炸麻球蛋黄酥鲜奶水果塔青州特色点心（隆盛）Dessert: Fruit Cake, Cheese Cake, Cookies, Deep-Fried Glutinous Rice Sesame Ball，Egg Yolk Shortbread, Fruit Tower with Cream, Qingzhou Special Dessert (Longsheng)土特产：煮花生烤地瓜蒸玉米蒸山药Local Product: Boiled Peanut, Roasted Sweet Potato, Steamed Fresh Corn, Steamed Yam 饮品：自酿扎啤橙汁山楂汁桃汁果蔬汁雪碧可乐红茶Drink:Fresh Draught Beer, Orange Juice, Hawthorn Fruit Juice, Peach Juice, Seasonal Vegetable and Fruit Juice, Sprite, Cola, Black Tea水果：苹果橙子西瓜香蕉小黄瓜桔子梨菠萝哈密瓜火龙果Fruit:Apple, Orange, Watermelon, Banana, Cucumber, Pear, Pineapple, Hami Melon, Pitaya粥：八宝粥小米粥Porridge: Eight- treasures Porridge，Millet Porridge汤：山菌汤奶油南瓜汤Soup: Mushroom Soup, Pumpkin Soup with Cream炖品：枸杞人参炖乌鸡Stewed Soup: Black-boned Chicken Soup with Ginseng and Chinese Wolfberry。
欧阳定稿文言文翻译
原文：欧阳公晚年，文章益奇，故其诗亦奇。
吾观其诗，有如泉涌，有如虹贯，有如风行水上，有如电掣星驰。
其诗之妙，莫可名言，盖其心灵手巧，神采飞扬，情态万千，变化无穷。
翻译：欧阳修先生晚年，其文章愈发奇特，因此他的诗作也颇具特色。
我看他的诗作，宛如泉水涌动，犹如彩虹横贯天空，又似风吹水面，电闪星驰。
他的诗作之妙，难以用言语形容，大概是因为他心灵手巧，神采飞扬，情感丰富，变化无穷。
欧阳公尝言：“文章之道，在乎立意，不在词藻。
”其意谓文章之关键在于立意，而非辞藻。
是以欧阳公作文，往往以意为主，辞藻为辅，故能意境深远，耐人寻味。
翻译：欧阳修先生曾言：“文章之道，在乎立意，不在词藻。
”他的意思是说，文章的关键在于立意，而不在于辞藻。
因此，欧阳修先生在写作时，总是以立意为先，以辞藻为辅，所以他的文章意境深远，令人回味无穷。
欧阳公作文，讲究结构严谨，层次分明。
其文如画，如诗，如歌，如舞，让人读后如饮美酒，回味无穷。
故其文风清新脱俗，独树一帜。
翻译：欧阳修先生作文，注重结构严谨，层次分明。
他的文章犹如一幅画，一首诗，一支歌，一段舞，让人阅读之后，如同品尝美酒，回味无穷。
因此，他的文风清新脱俗，独树一帜。
欧阳公作文，善于运用比喻，以形象生动地表达自己的思想。
如：“月下飞天镜，云生结海楼。
”此句以月亮比喻飞天镜，以云彩比喻海楼，形象生动，意境深远。
翻译：欧阳修先生作文，擅长运用比喻，以形象生动地表达自己的思想。
例如：“月下飞天镜，云生结海楼。
”这句话用月亮比喻飞天镜，用云彩比喻海楼，形象生动，意境深远。
总之，欧阳定稿以其独特的文风，深邃的内涵，成为我国文学宝库中的瑰宝。
阅读欧阳定稿，不仅可以领略到我国古代文学的精髓，还能陶冶情操，启迪智慧。
愿读者在品味欧阳定稿的同时，也能从中汲取营养，丰富自己的人生。
【精选】文言文翻译定稿hy2
换 换 留 换 换 留 换 换 换换
留 调留
榻上，
执彩笔而绘之。
已而
在床上，（鬼手）拿彩色的笔在人皮上画，一会儿（画
换换
补 换 换 留 （删 ） 换删 换
补
掷笔， 举皮如振衣状， 完后）扔了笔，举起人皮，像抖衣服一样（抖了抖），
换 留 换 换 换 换 换 换 （补）
披于身， 遂化为女子。 披在身上，就变成女子。
文言文翻译的标准：
1、准确、明白、通顺、符合现代汉语的习惯，没有语病； 2、体现的语言特色，文笔优美、生动，富有表现力。
文言文翻译的方法：
主要方法有直译和意译两种。 直译：要求原文字字在译文中有着落，译文字字 在原文中有根据,句式特点、风格力求和原文一致。 意译：译出原文大意。
见一狞鬼， 面翠色， 齿巉巉如锯， 铺人皮于 看见一个恶鬼，脸翠绿色，牙齿锐长像锯子，把人皮铺
四、文言文翻译的步骤
审 审清采分点即两类考点。
↓
切 以词为单位，用“/”切分句子。
↓
连 按现代汉语语法习惯将逐一解
↓ 释出来的词义连缀成句。
誊 逐一查对草稿纸上的译句后字
迹清晰地誊写到答案卷上，不 写繁体字、简化字、错别字。
五、文言句子翻译的方法
1-1、换（对译法） 就是以原来的单音节词为一个 语素，另外再加一个语素，组 成一个双音节词来解释。
例1：师/者/，所以/传/道/授/业/解/惑/也/。 译文：老师（，是）用来传授道理教授
学业解答疑难问题的。
例2：忧/劳/可以/兴/国/，逸/豫/可以/ 亡/身/。
译文：忧虑辛劳可以使国家兴盛 ，
安逸享乐可以使自身灭亡 。
多义词要根据文意选用恰当的义项翻译
翻译下列句子，注意翻译方法。 1、请略陈固陋。 请让我大略地陈述（自己）固塞鄙陋（的意见）。 2、臣以为布衣之交尚不相欺，况大国乎？ 我认为平民之间的交往尚且不互相欺骗，何况 是大国之间的交往呢？ 3、此所以学者不可以不深思而慎取之也。
“文言文翻译”方法定稿定稿
译：有朝一日您死了,长安君在赵国凭什么使自己安 身立足呢?
委婉的译法：古人为了避粗俗、避忌讳、图吉利或出
于外交的需要，有时故意不直陈其事，把话说得很含
蓄，这就是委婉。翻译时应还原其本来的意思。
大家好
33
翻译下列句子:
1.秦时明月汉时关 。
译：秦、汉时的明月，秦、汉时的关隘 。
2.将军百战死，壮士十年归 。
译：做官的人见识浅陋，不能做长远的打算。
借代：代酒，可译为“酒 2.沛公不胜杯杓[sháo]，不力能”辞
译：沛公承受不住酒力，不能前来告辞。
大家好
32
翻译下列句子:
委婉：发动战争
1.季氏将有事于颛臾(zhuān yú)。（《论语》）
译：季氏将要对颛臾发动战争。
委婉：指地位尊贵人物的死
2 .一旦山陵崩，长安君何以自托于赵？
好的风气和沿袭好的习大俗家好。
20
删除没有实在意义、
也无须译出的文言词语。具体情况： ①句首发语词。②句中停顿或结构作 用的词。③句末调节音节的词或语气 词。④偏义复词中的衬字。
大家好
21
翻译下列句子: 结构助词,主谓之间取消
11..师师道道之之不不传传也也久久矣矣 句子独立性，删去
语助，句中表停顿，以舒缓语气， 删去
意译 项王、项伯坐在西面；亚父坐在北面，——亚父就是范增； 沛公坐在南面；张良陪同坐在东面。
从高考的特点与考查要达到的目的看，文言文翻
译：直译为主，意译为辅。
大家好
17
二、文言文翻译方法：
留
删
换
调
补
字
变
大官职名、年号、国号等专门称谓。 ㈡度量衡单位、数量词、器物名称。 ㈢古今意义相同的词。
文言文翻译定稿hy
③补充省略句中的主语、谓语、宾 语和介词等。 例11：曰：“独乐乐，与人乐乐， 孰乐？”曰：“不若与人。” 译文：（孟子）问：“一个人欣赏 音乐快乐，和别人一起欣赏音乐也 快乐，哪一种更快乐呢？”（齐宣 王）回答说：“（一个人欣赏音乐） 不如和别人（一起欣赏音乐快 乐）。”
④补充行文省略的内容，如关联词 语等。 例12：然力足以至焉，于人为可讥， 而在己为有悔。 （而不至）
主要方法有直译和意译两种。 直译：要求原文字字在译文中有着落，译文字字 在原文中有根据,句式特点、风格力求和原文一致。 意译：译出原文大意。
见一狞鬼， 面翠色， 齿巉巉如锯， 铺人皮于 看见一个恶鬼，脸翠绿色，牙齿锐长像锯子，把人皮铺
换 换 留 换 换 留 换 换 换换 留 调留
榻上， 执彩笔而绘之。 已而 在床上，（鬼手）拿彩色的笔在人皮上画，一会儿（画
例6：所以遣将守关者,备他盗之 出入与非常也.
译文：（我）派遣将领把守函谷 关的原因，是（为了）防备其 他盗贼进来和意外的变故啊。
2、留（保留法） 保留古今意义完全相同的专 有名词，如国号、年号、帝 号、官名、地名、人名、朝 代名、器物名、书名、度量 衡单位等。
翻译下列句子，注意翻译的方法。 1、庆历四年春，藤子京谪守巴陵郡。 庆历四年的春天，藤子京被贬官到巴陵郡做太守。
把下面句子译成现代汉语
薛谭乃谢求反，终身不敢言归。
译文：薛谭于是（向老师）道
歉请求返回，一生不敢再提回 家的事了。
请你来当解题者 文言文翻译的“五字法”
翻译句子，指出用了“五字法”的哪一方法。
父卒，家故多资，悉散以赒乡里！
父亲去世，家里本来有很多财物，他都散发出去来周济 乡里。 而其父正以疾废于家，处士供养左右十余年。 并且他父亲因为有病躺卧在家，连处士在他父亲身边 侍奉十几年。
苏武传·原文+翻译定稿
译文：当时汉朝廷接连讨伐匈奴
，屡次互派使者暗中窥探观察
（对方的情况）。匈奴扣留了
汉使节郭吉、路充国等前后十
余人。
苏武传·原文+翻译定稿
3、匈奴使来，汉亦留之以相当。 天汉元年，且鞮(jūdī)侯单于初 立，恐汉袭之，乃曰：“汉天子我 丈人行(háng)也。”
译文：匈奴使节前来，汉朝廷也 扣留他们来抵押。天汉元年， 且鞮侯刚刚即位，害怕汉朝袭 击他们，于是说：“汉皇帝， 是我的长辈。”
苏武传·原文+翻译定稿
16、左伊秩訾曰：“即谋单于，何 以复加？宜皆降之。”
译文：左伊秩訾说：“假使谋杀 单于，又该用什么更重的处罚 呢？应当都让/使他们投降。”
苏武传·原文+翻译定稿
第四段 17、单于使卫律召武受辞。武谓惠 等：“屈节辱命，虽生，何面目以 归汉！” 译文：单于派卫律召唤苏武来受审 讯。苏武对常惠等人说：“于节操 有亏，又辜负了使命，即使活着， 凭借什么脸面回到汉朝去呢！”
使……屈 使……受辱 丧失
18、引佩刀自刺。卫律惊，自抱持 武，驰召医。
译文：（苏武）举起佩刀自刎。 卫律大吃一惊，自己抱住、 扶好苏武，（派人）骑马跑 去召医生来。
苏武传·原文+翻译定稿
19、凿地为坎，置煴火，覆武其上， 蹈其背以出血。
译文：（医生）在地上挖一个 坑，（在坑中）点燃微火/无 焰的火，使苏武背朝上卧在 燃火的坑上，踩他的背部用 来让淤血流出来。
译文：缑王是昆邪王姐姐的儿子， 与昆邪王一起投降汉朝。后来又 跟随浞野侯陷没在匈奴，以及卫 律所带领的那些被迫投降匈奴的 人，暗地里一起密谋劫持单于的 母亲阏氏归附汉朝。
苏武传·原文+翻译定稿
10、会武等至匈奴，虞常在汉时，素 与副张胜相知，私候胜曰：“闻汉天 子甚怨卫律，常能为汉伏弩射杀之， 吾母与弟在汉，幸蒙其赏赐。”
文言文翻译句子2016定稿
东卷) • ①苟不以盐自活，一旦蜂聚为盗，则为患深矣。 (4分) • ②傅先生天下贤士,吾尚不得为友,汝何人,敢名 之!(3分) 判断句
名词活用为动词
• 把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语（10 分）（2014辽宁卷）
词类活用 特殊句式
• （1）贼张敌万窟穴其间，立绝不与通，故 楚粮道愈梗。 • （2）以书趣光世会兵者五，光世讫不行。
（三）、换（替换法）
古今异义词、词类活用、 通假字、习惯用语、特称词语、 修辞格等的替换。
词类活用，形作动
1.卒使上官大夫短屈原于顷襄王 译：最终让上官大夫去在顷襄王前诋毁屈原 2.其次剔毛发、婴金铁受辱 通“剃”
译：其次被剃去头发、用铁圈束颈而受辱 。 3.岂非以其流落饥寒，终身不用，而一饭未尝忘 君也欤。
巩固练习
1、若舍郑以为东道主，行李之 往来，共其乏困，君亦无所害。 译文：假如您放弃围攻郑国而把 它作为东方道路上的主人，秦国 使者往来，郑国可以随时供给他 们缺少的东西，对您秦国来说， 也没有什么坏处。
2、所以遣将守关者,备他盗之 出入与非常也。
译文：我派遣将领把守函谷关 的原因，是为了防备其他盗贼 进来和发生意外事故啊。
巩固练习
1、庆历四年春，藤子京谪守巴陵郡。 庆历四年的春天，藤子京被贬官到巴陵 郡做太守。
2、越王勾践栖于会稽之上。 越王勾践驻守在会稽山上。
3： 至和元年七月某日，临川王 某记。 译文：至和元年七月某日，临川人 王某记。 4： 永和九年，岁在癸丑，暮春之 初，会于会稽山阴之兰亭。
译文：永和九年， 也就是癸丑年，阴 历三月晚春的开初，我们在会稽山 阴县的兰亭聚会。
4.一夫不耕,或受之饥
译：一个男子不耕作，有人就要挨饿 。
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The supermoon could be seen across Chinaon the night of the Lantern Festival. The ideal viewing timeis set to be at 11: 54 pm tomorrow when the moon will beat its fullest.
Supermoon to light upChina's Lantern Festival
A full moon is pictured with a red lantern in Yuncheng, North China's Shanxi province, on China's Lantern Festival on March 2, 2018.
For Chinese people who have the tradition of going out on the streets to appreciatethe dazzling array of令人眼花缭乱的lanterns on display at the annual Lantern Festival, they will have one more beautiful itemto gaze upon值得一看this year– a super large and bright moon.
Theopportuneadj.适当的；恰好的；合时宜的coincidence will see the biggest and brightest full he night of the festival, whichfalls on the 15th day of the first lunar month every year.