2011-How to do a PHD
如何成为合格的博士生44页PPT
-good question well-posed leads to testable hypotheses difficulty is within reason
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2019posed question: Why do rivers meander? Why shouldn’t rivers meander?
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2019
Better posed question What are the physical parameters that define whether a river meanders or flows straight?
•Build a reference collection •Make a scrapbook
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2019
How do you identify a problem or ask a question?
Aack! I know a lot but all my knowledge is fragmentary!
•You know something •You have identified a problem you are working on •Still, no end in sight
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2019
After your experiments are done
•You know a lot and you’re wiser •You can see the finish line •You know what you have to write to finish
毕业继续读博士的英语作文
毕业继续读博士的英语作文Is it worth doing a PhD? This is a question that probably plagues every research student at some point in their career. A PhD is both financially draining and incredibly challenging. Lasting for 3 – 4 years (depending upon your subject matter) the percentage of students who start their qualification and either fail or drop out is significantly higher than any other postgraduate course. However, there are plenty of reasons to study a PhD that outweigh those potential downsides.Make a contribution towards your chosen field. Many students who pursue a PhD, do so because they are passionate about a specific subject, and want to use their research time to make important discoveries within that field. One of the great things about your PhD is that you will be able to conduct your own research. If your thesis and your findings are strong and relevant, other experts within your chosen area of academia will reference your work and your discoveries when teaching future students.Long-term career goals. Some students who pursue a PhD, do so in order to pursue their long-term degree goals. For those looking to pursue a career in academia, then a PhD is an essential qualification which will allow them to both continue their research, and to teach University students. Those wishing to pursue a career within this field should try and gain teaching practice throughout their PhD by givinglectures and seminars to first year undergraduates. Many PhD graduates who are lucky enough to be sponsored to do their course go on to find employment with the companies that funded them. Similarly, the analytical and research skills learn on a PhD course are highly transferable to other industries.Improving and challenging Knowledge. Some minds are just curious and for these people, studying for a PhD will feel like a natural next step. Unlike undergraduate and Master’s qualifications, the PhD program will be less structured and so students will be encouraged to research topics that are of specific interest to them.Having a PhD might give you an edge over other candidates and help you secure a position, even if a PhD is not required for a particular job. Have a career discussion with as many people as possible to get different opinions and viewpoints. Try to talk to people who have chosen a variety of career paths. Also, talk to people who have done or are doing a PhD; their experience and insight can be invaluable.。
2023届北京市海淀区高考英语一模试题及答案
2023届北京市海淀区高考一模英语试题本试卷共10页，100分。
考试时长90分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分: 知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A. B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡，上将该项涂黑。
Before Jenny passed away from cancer, she made her husband, Steve, and their daughter, Brittany, promise her one thing: he would 1______ Britany, a high school senior, to the homecoming (返校节) game, where she was 2______ for homecoming queen. It was important to her that her daughter should go. Britany and Steve 3______.Days later, on the morning of Friday, September 24, Jenny died. Keeping their 4______, that very afternoon, an emotional Brittany walked arm in arm with her father across the football field with the other nominees (被提名者) to await the 5______ of the voting.Brittany wasn't named homecoming queen that day; Nyla was. But, like many in the close-knit community, Nyla had heard about Jenny and her noble deeds for the community. In a(n) 6______ gesture, moments after receiving the crown, Nyla walked over to Brittany, removed the crown from her head, and placed it atop her friend's. The two embraced, 7______ holding each other tightly for support.“She'd rather have her mom than a crown,” Nyla said. By handing it to Brittany, “I was telling her that she was her mom's queen, and that she was loved by many, especially me."“I felt so much love from her, and I just felt so much love for her," said Brittany, who paid Nyla the ultimate praise, “I can see my mom through Nyla. They have the same caring, 8______ spirit."“Nyla is no less queen for lack of a crown," said a teacher. There's a saying that real queens 9______ each other's crowns. But the truth is, real queens give up their crowns to let other queens 10______.1. A. invite B. introduce C. recommend D. accompany2. A. running B. voting C. seeking D. applying3. A. agreed B. negotiated C. hesitated D. declined4. A. award B. promise C. appointment D. secret5. A. session B. process C. outcome D. start6. A. unplanned B. expectant C. unwilling D. typical7. A. gratefully B. cheerfully C. sadly D. tearfully8. A. volunteering B. nursing C. giving D. forgiving9. A. wear B. make C. trade D. fix10. A. stand B. shine C. lead D. celebrate第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
how to get a phd经典语录
how to get a phd经典语录
1. "A PhD is not a job, it's a lifestyle." - 这句话的意思是，获得博士学位并不是一份工作，而是一种生活方式。
这意味着在攻读博士学位期间，你需要全身心地投入研究，付出大量的时间和精力。
2. "The only way to do great work is to love what you do." - 这句话的意思是，做出伟大成果的唯一方法就是热爱你所做的事情。
在攻读博士学位时，你需要对你的研究领域充满热情，这样才能在研究过程中保持动力和创造力。
3. "Fail often so you can succeed sooner." - 这句话的意思是，经常失败才能更快地成功。
在攻读博士学位的过程中，你可能会遇到很多挫折和困难，但正是这些失败经历帮助你成长，最终实现成功。
4. "It's okay to be the dumbest person in the room. You're there to learn." - 这句话的意思是，成为房间里最愚蠢的人也没关系，因为你在那里是为了学习。
在攻读博士学位时，不要害怕提问和承认自己的无知，这样才能更好地学习和进步。
5. "Publish or perish." - 这句话的意思是，发表论文或者消亡。
在学术界，发表论文是评价一个研究者能力和成就的重要标准。
因此，在攻读博士学位期间，努力发表高质量的论文是非常重要的。
四川省绵阳市涪城区绵阳中学2024-2025学年高三上学期10月第一学月月考英语试题(含解析)
绵阳中学高2022级高三上期第一学月月考英语试题第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman doing?A. Repairing a computer.B. Making a payment.C. Requesting a refund.2. Why does the man come to the woman?A. To invite her to dinner.B. To give her a present.C. To seek some advice.3. What is the man going to do first?A. Make reservations.B. Check with his wife.C. Work out a plan.4. What is the woman's opinion on the new building?A. Unattractive.B. Pretty.C. Unique.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Salesman and customer.B. Householder and renter.C. Colleagues.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
信息必刷卷05-2023年高考英语考前信息必刷卷(天津专用)(原卷版)
绝密★启用前2023年高考英语考前信息必刷卷05天津专用（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分）2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）全面考查了学科素养，试题整体难度与往年大体相同。
无论从题目的难度，还是题型的设置上，基本都延续了往年的出题模式，重视对学生基础知识的考查，题型稳定，同时继续突出考查考生用英语分析问题和解决问题的能力。
试题将文化自信、国际视野、人文情怀融入到考查中，体现了高考立德树人、培养考生良好品德、发展素质教育的目标。
2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）题型为15（单项选择题）＋20（完形填空题）＋5（阅读表达题）＋1（书面表达题），其中书面表达不是电子邮件类应用文，而是要求考生为英语口语社的纳新视频写一段文宇稿。
另外一个变化是从2017年开始增加的单项选择题，此题看似简单，但包含了词汇、固定搭配、词形变化和语法等多方面知识，着重考查学生的知识综合运用能力。
要想在高考英语中取得好成绩，必须把英语词汇和语法学好，学好这些也是做好高考英语单选题的基础。
预测2023年单项填空部分考查内容仍然以谓语动词和非谓语动词为主，例如本卷第4、8 、10、13题，推测会在语法项目特殊句式中，增设反义疑问句知识点的考查，例如本卷第6题。
天津阅读表达题选文以记叙类文体和夹叙夹议文体为主，并反映出一定的情感、态度及价值观。
故本试卷选择一篇夹叙夹议文。
文章主要讲述作者的父母对他的要求很严格，他小时候不是很理解。
但是后来，作者明白了，只有通过努力才能成功。
注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
博士面试 英语问答
博士面试英语问答The pursuit of a doctoral degree is a challenging yet rewarding journey that requires dedication, perseverance, and a deep passion for one's field of study. As an aspiring PhD candidate, the interview process is a critical step that can make or break your academic aspirations. The PhD interview is designed to assess your academic qualifications, research potential, and fit within the program. It is an opportunity for the admissions committee to get to know you better and determine if you possess the necessary skills and mindset to excel in their doctoral program.One of the key aspects of the PhD interview is the set of questions that the interviewers will ask you. These questions are carefully crafted to gauge your understanding of the subject matter, your research interests, and your overall suitability for the program. Preparing for these questions is essential, as it can help you articulate your thoughts and ideas clearly and confidently.One of the most common questions asked during a PhD interview is "Why do you want to pursue a doctoral degree?" This questionallows the interviewers to understand your motivations and goals for pursuing a PhD. It is important to be honest and authentic in your response, highlighting your genuine passion for the subject matter and your desire to contribute to the field through your research. You should also be able to explain how the PhD program aligns with your long-term career aspirations and how it will help you achieve your professional and personal goals.Another frequently asked question is "What are your research interests and how do they fit with the program?" This question allows you to demonstrate your depth of knowledge in your area of study and your alignment with the research focus of the program. It is important to be specific and provide concrete examples of your research interests, as well as how they complement the expertise and resources available within the program. You should also be prepared to discuss the potential research questions or hypotheses that you would like to explore during your doctoral studies.The interviewers may also ask you about your previous research experience, such as any publications, presentations, or projects you have been involved in. This question provides an opportunity for you to showcase your research skills, critical thinking abilities, and your ability to work independently or as part of a research team. It is important to be able to articulate the specific contributions you made to these research endeavors and how they have prepared youfor the rigors of a doctoral program.Another common question is "What are your strengths and weaknesses as a researcher?" This question allows the interviewers to assess your self-awareness and your ability to critically evaluate your own skills and areas for improvement. It is important to be honest and to provide specific examples that demonstrate your strengths, such as your attention to detail, your ability to work under pressure, or your strong communication skills. When discussing your weaknesses, it is important to also explain how you are actively working to address them and improve your skills.The interviewers may also ask you about your plans for your dissertation or thesis. This question allows you to demonstrate your understanding of the research process and your ability to articulate a clear and feasible research plan. It is important to be able to explain the specific research questions or hypotheses you intend to explore, the methodologies you plan to use, and the potential contributions your research could make to the field.In addition to these academic-focused questions, the interviewers may also ask you about your personal qualities and how they might contribute to the program. For example, they may ask you about your leadership experience, your ability to work collaboratively, or your time management skills. It is important to be able to providespecific examples that showcase your relevant skills and experiences, and to explain how they will enable you to succeed in the doctoral program.Throughout the interview process, it is important to maintain a professional and engaged demeanor. This means actively listening to the questions, taking the time to formulate thoughtful responses, and demonstrating a genuine interest in the program and the research being conducted. It is also important to be prepared to ask your own questions, as this shows your engagement and your desire to learn more about the program and the faculty.In conclusion, the PhD interview is a critical component of the admissions process, and it is essential to be well-prepared. By anticipating the types of questions that may be asked and practicing your responses, you can increase your chances of success and demonstrate your readiness to embark on the challenging and rewarding journey of a doctoral degree.。
福建省泉州市培元中学 2023-2024 学年高三上学期 12 月月考 英语试题(附详细答案))
福建省泉州市培元中学2023-2024学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Starting to write short stories: An online workshop with Stuart Evers It is a common misconception that writing a short story is easier than crafting (构思) a longer form piece of fiction. Though they have fewer words, as a writer you have less time and space on the page to both capture the imagination of your readers and craft a journey for your characters that has a beginning, middle and end.In this highly practical workshop with award-winning writer Stuart Evers, you will know about the fundamentals of the short story writing — from building tension to creating a current of events that invites interest — for constructing a story that has the emotional heft of a novel, as well as breathing life into characters that are authentic and full.Regardless of your skillset or experience, under Stuart’s expert guidance, you will take the first crucial steps in short storytelling so that you will have a newfound confidence in your ability to continue crafting short stories, far beyond the course.Course contentWhat makes a short story?How to generate ideas for short storiesHow to turn something from a situation into a storyWriting techniques that can be put into practice instantlyPost-class learning material that includes short story reading listCourse DetailsTuesday, 28 February 2023, 6pm-9pm GMT£80 plus £4.25 booking feeA catch-up recording will be shared after the class and will be available for two weeks.This masterclass is available globally. If you are joining us from outside the United Kingdom, you will be sent a link to the workshop 24 hours and 30 minutes before the start time.1．What does the workshop with Stuart Evers focus on?A．Adding more words in a limited time and space.B．Developing essential short storylanguage running throughout that sometimes raises it nearly to poetry.As a real delight to read, it’s the perfect literary escapism for any adult or older teenager who is currently walking down a tough road in life.4．Which word best describes Durrell’s life in Corfu?A．Diverse.B．Busy.C．Risky.D．Tough. 5．What does the underlined sentence mean in paragraph 2?A．I just introduced my family by mistake.B．I shouldn’t have introduced my family.C．I gave false information about my family.D．I couldn’t help introducing my family. 6．What are paragraph 4 and 5 mainly about?A．Durrell’s rich imagination.B．Some interesting plots of the book.C．The book’s writing feature.D．Some vivid descriptions of the island. 7．What is the purpose of this text?A．To share an experience.B．To introduce a writing style.C．To recommend a book.D．To describe an unusual place.When put to tests, bees have long proved that they’ve got a lot more to offer than pollinating (授粉), making honey and being loyal to a queen. The hard-working insects can change their behavior when things seem difficult, and now some scientists find there is proof that they also like to play.Scientists from Queen Mary University of London performed an experiment, in which they set up a container that allowed bees to travel from their nest to a feeding area. But along the way, the bees could choose to pass through a separate section with some small wooden balls. Over 18 days, the scientists watched as the bees “went out of their way to roll wooden balls repeatedly, despite no apparent incentive (刺激) to do so.”Earlier studies have shown that the black and yellow bugs are willing to learn new tricks in exchange for food or other rewards. In this case, to get rid of external factors, scientists made sure the bees had adapted to their new home and that their environment was stress-free.The finding suggests that like humans, insects also interact with objects as a form of play. Also similar to people, younger bees seem to be more playful than adult bees. “This research provides a strong indication that insect minds are far more complicated than we imagine. There are lots of animals who play just for the purpose of enjoyment, but most examples come from young mammals and birds,” said Lars Chittka, a professor of sensoryand behavioral ecology at Queen Mary University of London, who led the study.The study’s first author. Samadi Galpay, who is a PhD student at Queen Mary University of London, states that it is more evident that bees may be capable of experiencing feelings. “They may actually experience some kind of positive emotional states, even if basic, like other larger animals do. This finding has effects on our understanding of the sense and welfare of insects, which, consequently, encourages us to respect and protect wildlife on Earth ever more,” she says.8．What is the new finding about bees?A．They are fond of having fun.B．They are faithful to the queen.C．They are adaptable to changes D．They are skilled at rolling balls. 9．How did scientists remove external influences in the experiment?A．By teaching bees new tricks.B．By rewarding bees with food.C．By making bees feel at home.D．By building new homes for bees 10．What are Lars Chittka’s words mainly about?A．The forms of bees’ interaction.B．The complexity of bees’ minds.C．The examples of mammals’ play.D．The purpose of mammals’ enjoyment. 11．What does Samadi Galpay say about the study result?A．It backs up prior understanding of insects.B．It reveals reasons for bees’ positive feelings.C．It drives research on animals’ emotional state.D．It contributes to wildlife conservation on Earth.“You’re so smart!” This encouraging response to children’s math performance is commonly heard. Recently, a new study, conducted by the University of Georgia, found that encouraging children with responses related to their personal characteristics or inborn abilities might weaken their math motivation and achievement over time.Parents who make comments linking their children’s performance to personal characteristics like intelligence are using what’s referred to as person responses. In contrast, parents who link their children’s actions, such as efforts or strategy use, to their performance are using process responses.For the study, researchers asked more than 500 parents to report on how they responded to their children’s math performance and their math beliefs and goals. Children were assessedin two waves across a year to measure their math motivation and achievement.The results show that parents who view math ability as changeable are more likely to give process responses focused on their children’s strategy use and efforts. rather than their intelligence or other personal characteristics. In contrast, parents who believe math ability is unchangeable and that math failure can’t be constructive give more person responses. Parents with high expectations for their children give a combination of both responses. While responses highlighting strategy and efforts are not related to any achievement outcomes, children who receive more responses about their personal characteristics — in particular, related to failure —are more likely to avoid harder math problems. exhibit higher levels of math anxiety, and score lower on math achievement tests.Because person responses predict poor math adjustment in children over time, researcher suggest parents limit this type of responses at home. Another recommendation for parents is to think about their own beliefs and goals for their kids and examine how these might lead them to. respond in person or process ways. Simply telling parents to avoid talking about math ability may not be enough. Focusing less on how children perform and more on their strategy and enjoyment of math might be a more effective way to strengthen motivation. 12．Which of the following is an example of process response?A．You are a lucky dog.B．Running is in your blood.C．What works well for your study?D．Why are you such a math genius?13．What can be inferred from the study results?A．Parents prefer to give more process responses.B．Children are more likely to be affected by math anxiety.C．Process responses help with children’s math achievement.D．Person responses can discourage children from learning math.14．What do researchers advise parents to do?A．Limit person responses.B．Defend their own beliefs.C．Stress children’s performance.D．Ignore children’s math problems.15．Which can be a suitable title for the text?33．A．rules B．games C．joy D．wisdom 34．A．in detail B．in general C．in common D．in particular 35．A．title B．place C．luck D．energy三、语法填空四、书信写作46．假定你是李华。
博士面试：英语问答
英语问答➢动机类：Q：Why do you want to do a PHD?A:I want to go ahead and get a Ph.D. in mass media studies mainly because I am very passionate about the subject and have a desire to publish and do original research in the field. I need an education for the purpose of wanting to learn and contribute to the field. Besides, completing the Ph.D. may benefit my future career, which is not a bad thing.I believe that there are some good reasons for it. On the one hand, my knowledge and skills are increasingly becoming inadequate for the development in my domain as time passes by. On the other hand, there is a great demand for skilled people in today’s society,especially those with high educational degrees. It is obvious that those who can not grasp as much knowledge as possible will be washed out.Thus I pursue my doctoral degree in order that I will not fall behind.生态学学科Q：Why do you plan to do a PhD at this university?A: XXX University enjoys a long history, high reputation and strong comprehensive strength; more importantly, it has a strong scientific research capacity ( especially in mass media studies, which is my research interest). If I can enter into such a good university to do research, I think, I will get further developed in all around aspects.Q：Why do you want to choose Mr.(/Ms) XX X as your supervisor?A:I have heard and read a lot about Mr. XXX. He has been engaged in immunology and biotechnology research for 20 years, and has published more than 100 papers, among which he has signed and published papers in famous journals such as Science, Nature Medicine and Cancer Research. In addition to high academic level, he is said to have strict requirements for students. I have been looking forward to being a student of such an excellent professor.➢自我打算类：Q: Could you tell me something about your hobbies?A: I’m good at play ing ping-pong. Since my father was a ping-pong coach in a high school, I always had a chance to follow him when he coached. Now I often play ping-pong once a week in the gym. Besides, I like reading biographies of interesting people. I like these because they teach me something and also I find that some people's lives are sometimes even stranger than the lives of people in fictional stories.Q: Could you tell me something about your hometown?A: My hometown is Xian, the capital city of Shaanxi Province, a quite big city with long history and rich featured delicious food. The population's about 6 million and it's famous for its historic sites, especially for the Terracotta Warriors. Xi' an used to be the capital of China, and it's the beginning of the famous Silk Road. Xi 'an’s top three delicacies are: CHINESE HAMBURGER, COLD RICE NOODLE, and BIANG BIANG NOODLE, which are known throughout the country.Q: What is your greatest strength and weakness?A:I feel that I’m a good written communicator. My existing academic and professional work demonstrates an ability to put forward ideas clearly and concisely. I think this will help me collect and select the information my PhD research needs and handle the challenge of producing an effective thesis. But, I’m not always as organized as I’d like to be. I want to address this as part of my postgraduate training and hope to take advantage of classes and development opportunities early in my doctorate.Q：What are your plans during your PhD?/ What’s your plan if you are admitted?A:If I am admitted, I will make full use of the good opportunity. I will try my best to lay a solid theoretical foundation and improve my scientific research ability as much as possible, and publish and do original research in the field in doctorial stage. The theoretical knowledge and capacity for scientific research will become the foundation for my future development and progress. Besides, I hope to attend more academic lectures. Listen to the celebrities and masters to understand some of the professional and social life. In this way, I can not only broaden my academic vision, but also make myself reflect constantly, and keep a cool head at all times, so that I will not lose my way in the process of moving forward.Q: What would you do in the near future if you fail this time?A: Everybody would fail sometime in their life; failure can make people think. If I fail this time, I will find out the reasons why I fail, and carefully analysis them to see if I can overcome them to become successful in the next time. If the answer is yes, I will prepare for the second time and study even harder to realize it. If the answer is not, I will find some other ways to accomplish my ambition.I like the proverb "All Roads Lead to Rome" so If this way is blocked, why not choose others.➢实考问题1. Please introduce your school.（请介绍一下你毕业的院校）I come from XXX University, which has a long history of XXX years. It has beautiful scenery, with mountains and lakes in campus, as well as good atmosphere of learning. Three years' study there is a precious experience in my life, making me an independent and optimistic person. I appreciate the education my university gave me.2. What's your opinion on social media? （谈谈你对社交媒体的看法）Social media brings us mountains of news which spark heated discussions among the public every day. It leads and shapes public opinion by describing events in different perspectives. Sometimes social media advocates the impressments, goodness and beauty in our society, offering a good way to condense the will of the public.However, it’s only one side of the impact on public opinion. More often, social media reports events based on subjective judgments, making a deliberate misinterpretation out of truth or even spreading fake news, in order to draw the public’s attention.3. What's your favorite food? （你最喜欢的食物是什么）My favorite food is fish. It is a protein food with fewer calories than other meat sourcesand also one of nature's most versatile foods.The Harvard study recommended eating up to two portions of fish a week and that eating fish could cut the risk of death from heart disease by a third. The evidenceacross different studies showed that fish consumption lowers the risk of death from heart disease by 36 per cent.Healthy diets almost always contain fish.4. What's your favorite book? （你最喜欢看的是哪本书）My favorite book is Adventures of Huckleberry Finn written by Mark Twain. In this book, Huckleberry Finn was a poor boy of his coming of age. He was taught by the White society to hate the black people, but his instinct and his experience along the river forced him to question that teaching. As for the theme, the novel revealed the hypocrisy of the civilize society and the cruelty done to the Black people.5. How do you introduce Beijing to others?（你如何向别人介绍北京）Beijing, situated in the northeast of China, is the capital city as well as the political and cultural center of the country. Here it is hot and rainy in summer while cold and dry in winter. As a city with a long history, there are many places of interest in Beijing, such as the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace and the Great Wall. Therefore, it is a popular tourist destination with many visitors from all over the world every year.6. What kind of job do you plan to do after the exam and what skills do you have to support this job? （考博结束后你打算做什么工作，你有什么技能能够支撑你这份工作）I would like to be a Math teacher in a middle school of this city. Last year, I passed the teachers' qualification examination and have a good knowledge about how to teach Math in a middle school. What's more, during my first two years of graduate school, I had done some part time jobs, working as a Math tutor for some middle school students. From the working experience, I have acquired many skills of teaching Math.7. What kind of role does English play in your research work?（英语在你的研究中有何作用）I think English is very important in my research work. For one thing, good English reading ability is essential for reading a large number of professional literaturein foreign languagesfast and understand the meaning of them correctly. For another, having a good knowledge of English, especially English speaking, is the basic requirement of effective academic communication with foreign scholars.8. What's your suggestions on protecting environment?（你觉得要怎么保护环境）In the face of severe environmental pollution, each of us should join in the team of environmental protection, starting from every little thing in life. First of all, we can save water and electricity. There are six billion people in the world. If no one saves one kilowatt hour of electricity, it will save six billion kilowatt hours of electricity, which will save a lot of raw materials for thermal power generation. Secondly, we can reduce the use of disposable chopsticks and plastic bags, which will greatly reduce waste pollution. Finally, we can join some environmental organizations and call for more people to join in the action of protecting the earth.9. What is the biggest difficulty you encounter in conducting research?（你在研究中遇到的最大的困难是什么）The biggest difficulty in conducting research is trudging through academic materials written in English. In order to ensure that our research is scientific and valuable, from the proposal of a researchtopic to its conduction, we should trudging through a great deal of academic materials, including many of those written in English. In general, reading an academic paper written in English is more energy and time consuming.10. What was the biggest achievementyou have accomplished ingraduate school?（读研究生最大的收获是什么）The biggest achievement is the development of the ability to think independently and to learn actively. Graduate school is a stage to train students from passively accepting knowledge to actively constructing their own knowledge system, to actively thinking, to overcome difficulties, and to actively explore unknown fields. After graduation, I have developed the ability to take the initiative to learn and to solve the problems in my work.11. Can you introduce your family to us?（请介绍一下你的家庭）There are four members in my family: my parents, my cute cat of 9 years old and me. My father is a technician in the Fujian TV Station. He often goes out on business, so most of the housework is done by my industrious mom. Climbing mountains at weekends is our common interest. The fresh air and natural beauty can help us get rid of tiredness. It can strengthen our relation, too. During my preparing for coming here, my parents' love and support have always been my power. And I hope in the future I will be able to repay them.Can you introduce your hometown to usOK, sir. My hometown is shimen ,a small town in changde city. It is a beautiful place surrounded by mountains. As is known to all, shimen is famous for its oranges andtea.Every year, a citrus festival is held here, attracting countless tourists from all over the world.The people in my hometown are very friendly, hardworking and honest,and we get along with each other very well.So I love my hometown very much.Whenever I speak of it, I am always full of pride. That is all. Thank you,12. What is the best thing that has happened in your life?（生活中经历最美好的事情是什么）The best thing in my life, I think, is that I am qualified to take part in the PhD entrance examination of Renmin University of China, because I have a strong interest in clinical medicine research and thus hope to get a precious chance to further my study during the Ph.D. period. At the same time, I'm deeply attracted by the scholarlyatmosphere inRenmin University of China. So no matter what the result will be, today's interview is the best thing that has happened in my life.13. What course do you like best? （你最喜欢的科目是什么）I think English is always my favorite course, though it is not my major. As I'm an extrovert person, the master of another language could definitely improve my communication skills. Besides, my major is International Trade, so I need to read a lot on the subject. What's more, many good and up-to-date books and journals on this subject are in English.14. How are you getting along with your classmates or colleagues? （你和同学或者同事相处得怎么样）I get along pretty well with my classmates. Both in study and life, we offer each other all necessary help. If any of us gets in trouble, the others will try to help her our without a secondthought. Since we are all far away from home, we care about each other just like siblings. Of course, disagreements or fierce arguments happen sometimes, but after a second thought or a deep talk, all clouds will drift away and our friendship is always in the sunshine.15. Please describe your work for us.（请描述一下你目前的工作）Ok. I'm a secretary in a big company. I'm responsible for the routine work of the office. For example, meeting various guests, making and answering different calls, making schedules for the manager, organizing meetings, recording and arranging documents, etc. One of the most important job is to compile daily reports. All of these are trivial, but of great significance.。
博士面试常问的英语问题
博士面试常问的英语问题Commonly Asked English Questions in PhD Interviews.Throughout the academic journey, PhD interviews serve as pivotal moments for aspiring researchers to showcase their capabilities, research interests, and fit within the desired program. While these interviews often delve into technical discussions and research-specific inquiries, English proficiency remains a crucial aspect of the evaluation process. Here are some commonly asked English questions that candidates can expect to encounter during their PhD interviews:1. Tell us about yourself and your academic background.This introductory question provides an opportunity to present a summary of your educational journey, highlighting your academic achievements, research experience, and any relevant skills that align with the PhD program you are applying for.2. Why have you chosen our university and program for your PhD studies?This question assesses your knowledge about the university and the specific PhD program. Demonstrate your understanding of the program's strengths, research areas, and how your research interests align with the program's focus.3. Describe your research interests and experience.Elaborate on your current research interests, emphasizing your research question, methodology, and any significant findings or contributions you have made. This question allows the interviewers to gauge your research potential and the depth of your understanding in your chosen field.4. What are your career goals and how does a PhD fit into those goals?Articulate your long-term career aspirations and explain how pursuing a PhD aligns with your professional objectives. This question evaluates your motivation, career planning, and the strategic value you place on doctoral studies.5. Can you describe a time when you overcame a challenge in your academic or research journey?This question delves into your problem-solving abilities, resilience, and adaptability. Share an experience where you encountered an obstacle and discuss the steps you took to overcome it, demonstrating your determination and perseverance.6. What are your strengths and weaknesses as a researcher?Be honest and introspective in assessing your strengths and weaknesses. Highlight your core competencies, technical skills, and personality traits that make you a strong candidate. Acknowledge areas where you may need improvementand indicate how you plan to address them.7. How do you plan to contribute to our research community?This question evaluates your collaborative spirit and understanding of the research environment. Express your enthusiasm for sharing ideas, engaging in discussions, and contributing to the intellectual discourse within the university and broader academic community.8. What questions do you have for us about our program or research?Prepare thoughtful questions that demonstrate your interest in the program, research opportunities, and the university's academic culture. Asking relevant questions shows your engagement and eagerness to learn more about the program.9. Can you summarize the research project you are currently working on?Concisely present the key aspects of your current research project, including its objectives, methodology, expected outcomes, and any preliminary findings. This question tests your ability to communicate complex research concepts clearly and effectively.10. How do you stay updated with the latest developments in your field?Discuss your strategies for keeping abreast of current research, such as attending conferences, reading academic journals, and engaging in online discussions. This question assesses your commitment to intellectual growth and your ability to stay informed within your field.In addition to these general questions, you may also encounter program-specific inquiries related to the research areas offered by the department or theuniversity's wider research initiatives. Be well-prepared and demonstrate your familiarity with the program's focus and the research interests of potential supervisors.When answering these questions, it is essential to communicate clearly, confidently, and persuasively. Use precise language, avoid technical jargon that may not be familiar to all interviewers, and support your responses with specific examples and evidence whenever possible. Maintain a professional demeanor and be respectful of the interviewers and the program. Remember, the interview is an opportunity for both parties to assess the mutual fit between the candidate and the program, so be prepared to ask questions and engage in thoughtful discussions.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Who cares about this question?
Implications •Where should I build my house, bridge, farm? •How do I control flooding? •How do I preserve river eco-systems? •Taps our fundamental curiosity
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Ill-posed question: Why do rivers meander? Why shouldn’t rivers meander?
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Better posed question What are the physical parameters that define whether a river meanders or flows straight?
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Don’t be afraid to try things. Don’t be afraid to make mistakes. Learn from your mistakes.
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Post-oral exams
•You know something •You have identified a problem you are working on •Still, no end in sight
Bad questions/problems for a PhD thesis
What is the origin of life? I want to solve global warming I want to end world hunger What is gravity? How do mountains form? Why do animals sleep? Dream? I want to cure cancer. These are certainly worthy questions/goals, but they are unrealistic ways to begin as they are ill-posed, too ambitious, too vague, or simply have no answer for mortals like us. Start small.
Begin with a connection --connections lead to other connections --ideas begin to florish and branch out --pick some research directions and follow them
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Searching for questions
Bottle of topics
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Year 1 of graduate school
•You know nothing •You don’t even know where you are going •And the journey is steep
Water velocity
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
What have we done?
•Followed our curiosity with a question •Made observations from nature •Developed a testable hypothesis
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
But you don’t want to pick too many problems/questions - You will get lots of grass, but in the winter, they will all die back down
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Progression of your science is nonlinear
--be prepared to make mistakes --be prepared to reconsider your hypotheses, methods
Motivation
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Thinking and executing your proposed study
•Motivation – why is the problem interesting? •What is the hypothesis? •How will you solve the problem? •What did you find? •What do your results mean? •What is the next step?
How to be a successful PhD student
By Cin-Ty Lee 5 Jan, 2011
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Ph. D. = philosophiae doctor
Knowledge, understanding & societal contribution
•You know something •You have identified a problem you are working on •Still, no end in sight
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
After your experiments are done
•You know a lot and you’re wiser •You can see the finish line •You know what you have to write to finish
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Year 1 of graduate school
•You know nothing •You don’t even know where you are going •And the journey is steep
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Post-oral exams
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Understand Landscape of Knowledge -make connections Connections = hypothesis = question/problem
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Luck favors the prepared mind -Louis Pasteur
Water velocity
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Hypothesis: In outer bend, the river is erosive. On inner bend, the river deposits sand. Rout Rin
Vout =
Vin
Vout > Vin
Vin Vout
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Hypothesis: In outer bend, the river is erosive. On inner bend, the river deposits sand.
erosion Shear stress deposition
water velocities in river must straddle the critical line
•Build a reference collection •Make a scrapbook
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
How do you identify a problem or ask a question?
Aack! I know a lot but all my knowledge is fragmentary!
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Build your arsenal of knowledge
-build foundation first
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Arsenal grows sand grain by sand grain
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
•Read •Take classes •Talk to colleagues
-bad question ill-defined, no answer, too difficult -good question well-posed leads to testable hypotheses difficulty is within reason
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Methods
Results
Discussion Conclusions REALITY IDEAL
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
IDEAL
When is too much data enough? When do you stop?
After your experiments are done
•You know a lot and you’re wiser •You can see the finish line •You know what you have to write to finish
© Cin-Ty Lee, 2011
Outline of a paper
1. Introduction • Motivation, context, background • Hypotheses 2. Methods • Experimental setup • Analytical techniques • Numerical techniques 3. Results • Data and observations 4. Discussion • Comparison to other work • Meaning of your observations 5. Conclusions/Summary • Brief overview • Outlook for future work