英语祈使句详细讲解
英语祈使句详解
1. 祈使句的概念
表示请求、命令、建议、祝愿、邀请或要求的句子叫祈使句。用于祈使句句首的动词总是用原形，不能用其他形式。如：Shut the door! 把门关上!
Have a cup of coffee! 喝杯咖啡吧!
Let them go by train. 叫他们坐火车去吧。
祈使句的主语通常为第二人称(you)，但一般都被省略，只有在特殊的情况下才把主语(you)补充出来。如：
You be quiet! 你安静!
You go and tell him, Chris. 克立斯，你去告诉他。
You wait here for a moment. 你在这儿等一会儿。
有时祈使句的主语也可以是everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody等不定代词。如：
Stand up, everybody! 全体起立!
Nobody move. 任何人都不许动。
2. 祈使句表示强调
为了加强祈使句的语气，我们通常是在祈使句的动词原形前加上助动词do，此时通常译为“一定”“务必”等。如：
Do be careful. 务必要小心。
Do have some more tea. 一定再喝点茶。
Do let me go. 一定让我去。
副词never和always有时可用于祈使句句首，表示强调。如：
Never do that again. 再不要这样做了。
Always look in the mirror before starting to drive. 一定要先看看反光镜再开车。
3. 祈使句的否定式
构成祈使句否定式的方法很简单，那就是在动词原形前加do n’t——不管祈使句所用的动词为什么性质动词，情况都是一样。如：
Open the window. 把窗户打开。
→Don’t open the window. 别把窗户打开。
Come next Monday. 下周星期一来。
→Don’t come next Monday. 下周星期一别来。
对于以let us或let’s开头的祈使句，其否定式通常是在不定式之前放一个not。如：
Let’s tell him the truth. 我们把实情告诉他吧。
→Let’s not tell him the truth. 我们不要把实情告诉他。
但在日常口语中，我们也可以把don’t放在let’s之前。如：Let’s don’t tell him the truth. 我们不要把实情告诉他)
4. 祈使句与连用please
为了使祈使句的语气变得委婉，我们可以在祈使句的句首或句末加上please——若加在句首，其后不用逗号；若加在句末，则通常会在please前加一个逗号。如：
Step this way, please. 请这边走。
Please type your letter. 请把你的信打出来。
Open the window, please. 请把窗户打开。
如果是否定祈使句，则通常将please加在don’t之前。如：Please don’t get angry. 请不要生气。
Please don’t telephone before 8 a. m. 早8点以前请不要打电话。
5. 祈使句的时间概念
祈使句所表示的时间总是指将来，所以与它连用的句子原则上要用将来时态来与它呼应。如：
Give me a hand, will you? 帮我一个忙，好吗?
由于give me a hand表示隐含将来意义，所以句中的will y ou 不能改为do you。
Try again and you will succeed. 你再试就会成功。
由于句中的try again隐含将来意义，所以句中用了you will succeed，而不是you succeed。
Don’t do that again or you’ll be in trouble. 别再干那个了，否则你会有麻烦。
句中的don’t do that again指的是以后不要再干那事了，由于隐含有将来意义，所所以句中用了you’ll be in trouble，而没有用you are in trouble。
6. 祈使句的省略
一般说来，祈使句总是要以动词原形开头，但是，在某些特殊情况下，我们可以只用一个词或短语来表示祈使句的意义。如：
Just a few please. 请给几个就行了。
A little more slowly please. 再慢一点。
A pound of butter. 给我一磅黄油。
Two teas and four coffees, please. 请来两杯茶和四杯咖啡。
助动词do 在祈使句中的强调用法
有时可在祈使句前加上助动词do (常重读)，以表示说话人想特别强调他所说的话。这样用的祈使句具有以下用法：
1. 表示强调的请求。如：
Do come with us. 请一定要和我们一起去。
Please! Do be quiet a moment! 求求你们! 安静一会儿!
2. 表示委婉或客气。如：
Do try this fish. 请尝尝这鱼。
Do have another cup of coffee. 请再喝杯咖啡吧。
3. 表示不耐烦。如：
Do stop talking! 别说啦!
4. 希望说服对方。如：
Do help me with this maths problem. 务请帮我解答这道数学题。
someone和nobody等用作祈使句主语
有时因为语义的需要，someone, nobody, everybody 等也可用作祈使句主语。如：
Nobody say a word! 都不许说话!
Someone fetch a pail of water. 谁去打一桶水来。
Someone go and see who it is. 谁去看看是什么人来了。
Somebody answer the phone please. 请来个人接电话。
Everybody sit down and let’s have a drink. 大家坐下来喝一杯吧!
有时用作祈使句主语的还可以特定的某人。如：
The boy in the corner come here. 在角落的那个男孩来这里吧!
这类句子有时也可以是否定的。如：
Don’t anybody get out of here. 大家都别出去!
祈使句何时可以保留主语you
祈使句的主语通常为第二人称(you)，但一般都被省略的。但以下两种情况可以保留主语you：
第1情况
为了有所区分，祈使句可以保留主语you。如：
You go on; I’ll wait. 你们先走，我等着。
You wait here for a moment. 你在这儿等一会儿。
You girls stand in the front row. 你们女孩子站在前排。
You play Romeo and you play Juliet. 你演罗蜜欧，你演朱丽叶。
You wait here, Jim, and Mary, you wait there. 你等在这儿，吉姆；玛丽，你等在那儿。
第2种情况
为了表示生气或有意表示无礼，祈使句可以保留主语you。如：
You be quiet! 你给我安静!
You stop talking. 你给住嘴。
You get out of here! 你给我滚出去。
You do it right away. 你给我马上就去做。
let us 与let’s
let us 的us 既可指说话者一方（此时表示请求或命令），也可以指说话者和听话者双方（此时表示建议或劝诱，此用法在语体上较正式）；而let’s 中的’s(=us) 则只能指说话者和听话者双方
（表示建议或劝诱），不能指说话者一方（即不能用来表示命令或请求）。比较：
让我们告诉你我们在博物馆里看到的情况。
误：Let’s tell you what we saw in the museum.
正：Let us tell you what we saw in the museum.
我们做朋友吧。
正：Let’s be friends.（较口语化）
正：Let us be friends.（较正式）
在反意问句中，表示请求或命令时，用will you；表示建议或劝诱时，用shall we。如：
我们一起去游泳好吗?
正：Let’s go swimming together, shall we?（较口语化）
正：Let us go swimming together, shall we?（较正式）
让我们跟你一起去好吗?
正：Let us go with you, will you?
误：Let’s go with you, will you [shall we]?
let’s 的否定式可以是let’s not, don’t let’s。如：
Let’s not hurry. / Don’t let’s hurry. 我们不要太急。
祈使句的动词可以是被动的吗
]有时可以，但比较少见。如：
Don’t be fooled by his appearance. 不要为他的外表所欺骗了。
Don’t be taken in by his promises. 别被他的诺言所欺骗。
Don’t be stampeded into buying the house. 不要一时冲动买下这所房子。
有时don’t 后接的“be+过去分词”不是被动式，而是系表结构。如：
Don’t be discouraged. 不要气馁。
祈使句备考注意
1.祈使句主要用于提出请求，发出邀请，给予指示、忠告或警告，也可发出命令等。
2．祈使句的特点是：一般不出现主语(you)，但有时为了指明向谁请求或命令，也可以说出主语；谓语动词一律用原形；否定式一律在动词前面加don’t。如：
Come this way, madam. 这边走，夫人。
Don’t lose the key. 别把钥匙丢了。
Someone fetch a pail of water. 谁去打一桶水来。
3.有关祈使句最可能涉及的考点是：祈使句带主语以及“祈使句+and / then / or+陈述句”这一句型(祈使句表示条件)。另外，祈使句与反意疑问句一起考查也是高考一大特点。如：
Let’s phone her now, shall we? 我们现在就给她打电话，好吗?
You girls stand in the front row, will you? 你们女孩子站在前排，好吗？
Work hard, and you’ll pass the exam. 努力点，你会通过考试的。
请做以下试题：
(1) Jim, you go there to help him, _______?
A. do you
B. will you
C. are you
D. have you
答案选B。句首的呼语Jim 清楚地表明这一个祈使句，只是其前带了主语而已。
(2) ________ me back my money, or I’ll ring the police.
A. Giving
B. Given
C. Give
D. To give
答案选C。填空处为祈使句谓语，故用动词原形。
学习祈使句的几个基本要点
一、祈使句的概念和一般形式
表示请求、命令等的句子叫祈使句。它的主语是听话人(you)，一般不需要说出来。通常以动词原形开头。祈使句末尾用惊叹号或句号，句子用降调。如：
Open the door, please. 请把门打开。
Be quiet, boys. 孩子们，安静点。
Hurry up!快点跟上。
但有时为了指明向谁请求或发出命袋子令，也可说出主语来。如：
Alice, you close your book. 艾丽期，请你把书关上。
二、祈使句的否定式
祈使句的否定式是在动词原形前加don’t。如：
Don’t be late again. 不要再迟到了(https://www.360docs.net/doc/7c3965183.html,)。
Please don’t forget to take your medicine. 请不要忘记吃药。
Don’t let’s quarrel about it. (=Let’s not quarrel about it. )我们不要为此事争吵了。
三、祈使句的强调式
Do be on time. 务必准时。
Do come early. 务必早点来。
四、区分let’s与let us /sb.
Please let him in. 请让他进去。
—Let’s go swimming, shall we? 我们去游泳，好吗？
—No, let’s not. /Yes, let’s. 不要去了。/我们去吧。
—Let us go swimming, will you? 请你让我们去游泳，好吗？
—No, you’d better not. 你们最好别去。
不要混淆祈使句与非谓语动词
有这样一道语法考题，该用动词原形？还是用非谓语动词？
_________ the road round to the right and you’ll find hi s house.
A. Follow
B. Following
C. To follow
D. Followed
【分析】此题容易误选B或C，许多同学一看选项就想当然地认为，选现在分词表示时间或伴随，选不定式表目的。此题的关键是要注意句中的连词and，它表明整个句子是一个并列句，即and 前后应各是一个独立的句子，而不应是一个非谓语形式的短语，所以此题的正确答案应选A，即and 前是一个祈使句。比较以下两题：
(1)_________ the road round to the right, she found his house.
A.Follow
B.Following
C.To follow
D.Followed
【分析】此题应选B，现在分词短语表时间。
(2)_________ the road round to the right, the blind man asked a boy to guide him.
A.Follow
B.Following
C.To follow
D.Followed
【分析】此题应选C，不定式短语表目的。
注意以下各题均应选A，均因为句中的并列连词and（填空句为祈使句）：
(1)_________ the milk and set a good example to the oth er children.
A.Drink
B.To drink
C.Drinking
D.Having drinki ng
(2)_________ me, and don’t just stand there laughing.
A.Answer
B.To answer
C.Answering
D.To be answe ring
(3)_________ me , and then try to copy what I do.
A.Watch
B.Watching
C.To watch
D.Have watchin g
(4)_________ through this book and tell me what you thi nk of it.
A.Look
B.Looking
C.To look
D.Having looke d
(5)_________ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.
A.Leave
B.Leaving
C.If you leave
D.When left
注：有时可能不用连词，而用破折号（答案均选B，填空句为祈使句）。如：
(1)_________ down the radio —the baby’s asleep in the next room.
A.Turning
B.Turn
C.Turned
D.To turn
(2)_________ some of this juice —perhaps you will like i t.
A.Trying
B.Try
C.To try
D.Having tried
以下各题也应选A，是因为句中的从属连词when, before, unt il 等（填空句为祈使句）：
(1)_________ left when you get to the end of the street.
A.Keep
B.Keeping
C.To keep
D.Kept
(2)_________ you hand over your mouth when you cough.
A.Put
B.Putting
C.To put
D.To be putti ng
(3)_________ him enough time to get home before you t elephone.
A.Give
B.To give
C.Giving
D.Given
(4)_________ until the lights have turned to green.
A.Wait
B.To wait
C.Waiting
D.Having waite d
(5)_________ the pieces of cloth with a loose stitch befor
e finally sewing them together.
A.Join
B.To join
C.Joining
D.Joined
以下各题也应选A，即填空句为祈使句：
(1)Don’t give me a long account, just _________ the plain facts.
A.tell
B.telling
C.to tell
D.to be telling
(2)First _________ the rice by washing it, then _________ it in boiling water.
A.prepare, cook
B.preparing, cooking
C.p reparing, cook
D.prepare, cooking
(3)Don’t sit there watching —_________ and help me!
https://www.360docs.net/doc/7c3965183.html,e
https://www.360docs.net/doc/7c3965183.html,ing
C.to come
D.to be comin g
(4)Don’t waste your money on silly things —_________ it.
A.save
B.to save
C.saving
D.having saved
(5)To test eggs, _________ them in a bowl of water: if th ey float they’re bad, if they sink they’re good.
A.put
B.putting
C.to put
D.to be puttin g
但是，以下各题情形有所不同，所填部分为目的状语(用不定式，即答案均为B)：
(1)_________ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alar m.
A.Sleep
B.To sleep
C.Sleeping
D.Having slept
(2)_________ the early bus, Mr Smith got up at six.
A.Catch
B.To catch
C.Catching
D.Having caug ht
用复合不定代词作主语的祈使句
■当要对一群人讲话时，祈使语气可与everybody, someone 之类的词连用。如：
Nobody move. 谁都别动。
Nobody say a word! 都不许说话!
Someone fetch a pail of water. 谁去打一桶水来。
Somebody answer the phone please. 请来个人接电话。
Someone go and see who it is. 谁去看看是什么人来了。
Don’t anybody get out of here. 大家都别出去!
Everyone keep quiet! 大家安静!
Everybody sit down and let’s have a drink. 大家坐下来喝一杯吧!
Mary, come here —everybody else stay where you are. 玛丽到这里来，其他人都留在原地。
■在表示否定的命令语气后面可用带any的复合词：
Don’t say a word anybody! 谁都不要说话!
Don’t anybody say a word! 任何人都不许说话!
以let开头的祈使句用法归纳
■let后接第一人称
Let’s have a look. 让我看一下。
Let’s take a taxi! 让我们坐出租车吧!
Let’s give you a hand. 让我帮助你。
Let’s paint it ourselves. 我们自己来刷漆。
Let’s take a taxi, shall we? 我们坐出租车好吗?
Let’s start now and work till dark. 让我们现在开始工作一直到天黑。
Let’s go shopping now. The shops will be / should be fai rly empty. 我们去商店买东西吧。商店里人不会太多。
Let me fix you a drink. 我给你去弄点饮料。
Let me have a try. 我来试一试。
Let me show you how to do it. 我来告诉你怎样做。
Let me pay for myself. 让我自己来付我的那份钱。
Let me have another cup of tea. 给我再来一杯茶。
Let me know if you should hear some more news. 万一你听到更多消息你要通知我。
■let后接第二人称(较少见)
Let you and I try to make this all right. 让你和我试试把这个做好。
■let后接第三人称
Let her do what she likes. 让她做她想做的事吧。
Let the meat cook slowly. 把肉用慢火炖。
Let XYZ be a triangle. 设XYZ为一个三角形。
Let the two lines be parallel. 假设两条线是平行的。
Let every man do his best. 让每个人人尽其才。
Let him have his own way. 让他照自己的意思做吧!
Let the true cause of the accident be published. 把造成这件意外的真正原因公开吧。
Let him try that game again on me, and I’ll soon put pai d to it. 他如若再和我玩这把戏，我很快就会叫他收起来。
■let后接there be句式
“Let there be no reprisals,” said the widow of the murder ed man. 被害者的遗孀说：“千万不要搞复仇。”
Let there be light. 让地上有光。
Let there be no doubt in your minds about our intention s. 对于我们的意图，你们心里不要有疑问。
祈使句用法详解：表厌烦或为耐烦
■典型例句
Do be quiet. 安静点儿吧!
Stop probing! 不要盘根问底了!
Speak quietly, can’t you ? 说话沉稳些，行不行？
Stop fiddling with that TV, will you? 别摆弄那台电视机了，行不行?
祈使句用法详解：表警告或威胁
■典型例句
Don’t be rude. 不要无礼。
Don’t you speak to me like that! 你别这样跟我讲话!
Stir, and you are a dead man. 动一下就要你的命。
Never speak to me like that again. 决不要再那个样子跟我说话。
Put that down, or else I’ll smack you. 把它放下来，不然我会揍你。
Do that again and I’ll call a policeman. 你再这样做我就要叫警察了。
Fail to pay and they’ll cut off the electricity. 你如果不付款，他们就要断电。
祈使句用法详解：表粗暴
■典型例句
Shut up! 住口!
Push off! 走开!
Get out! 滚出去!
Get out of here! 滚开!
Go to hell! 见鬼去吧!
You get out of here! 你给我滚出去。
You take your hands off me! 把你的手给我拿开!
祈使句用法详解：表祝愿
■典型例句
Have fun! 愿你玩得快活!
Have a good time! 祝你玩得开心!
Have a good day! 祝你度过美好的一天!
Have a really good meal! 愿你享受一顿美餐!
Have a lovely party! 愿你有一次愉快的聚会!
Have a really restful holiday! 愿你度过一次十分悠闲的休假!
Have a really interesting debate! 愿你们有一次十分有趣的辩论!
祈使句用法详解：表邀请
■典型例句
Have a cup of coffee! 喝杯咖啡吧!
Mary, play on my side. 玛丽，你和我一伙玩吧。
Come and have dinner with us soon. 一会儿来跟我们一起吃饭吧。
Go on! Have another slice! Be a devil! 继续吃呀! 再来一片!放开吃!
祈使句用法详解：表禁止
■典型例句
Keep off the grass! 请勿践踏草地!
Do not touch these wires. 请勿接触电线!
Do not feed the animals! 不许给动物扔食物!
Do not feed the lions. 请勿向狮子投喂食物!
祈使句用法详解：表指引
■典型例句
Walk to the corner, turn right and cross the road. 走到那个拐角，然后向右拐穿过马路。
Go straight on and you’ll see a church. 径直往前走，你会看到一座教堂。
Take the 2nd turning on the left and then turn right. 在第二个拐角处向左，然后再向右拐。
祈使句用法详解：表告诫
■典型例句
Beware of the dog! 当心狗！
Beware of pickpockets. 小心扒手。
Look out! Mind your head! 小心! 当心头!
Take care not to catch cold. 小心别着凉。
Look out! There’s a bus! 当心! 有公共汽车!
Always keeps to your promise. 一定要遵守诺言。
Remember to switch off all the lights. 记着把所有的灯关掉。
Do not use this spray neat a naked flame. 别在火焰附近使用这种喷射剂。
Always look in the mirror before starting to drive. 一定要先看看反光镜再开车。
Be there on time otherwise you’ll create a bad impressio n 要准时来，否则你会给人一个坏的印象。
有不少否定的祈使句用于表示告诫：
Don’t panic! 别慌(from https://www.360docs.net/doc/7c3965183.html,)!
Don’t lose the key. 别把钥匙丢了。
Don’t ever do that again. 别再这样做了。
Don’t tell anybody, will you? 不要告诉任何人，好吗?
尤其要注意一些以Never 开头的祈使句。如：
Never say die. 不要气馁!
Never speak to strangers! 不要跟陌生人说话!
Never do that again. 再不要这样做了。
Never ask her about her marriage. 决不要问她结婚的事。
Never buy expensive clothes. 决不要买贵重的衣裳。
Never touch an electric wire when it is broken. 绝不要动断了的电线。
Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. 不要无事惹事。
Never hold a gun by the business end. 拿枪千万别拿枪口那端。
Never identity opinions with facts. 绝不要把意见和事实等同起来。
Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today. 今日事，今日毕。
Never leave a silk shirt to the tender mercies of an auto matic washing-machine. 切勿用自动洗衣机洗绸衬衫。
Never pay the advertised price for a car; always try to b argain. 千万不要照牌价购买汽车，总得讲讲价才是。
祈使句用法详解：表叮嘱
■典型例句
Fasten your seat belt. 系好安全带。
Be sure to get here before nine. 千万要在九点以前到。
Stay in bed for a couple of days. 卧床休息几天。
Take care of yourselves. 你们要注意身体啊！
Look over what you’ve written before handing it to the e xaminer. 先把你写的看一遍，再交给考官。
Cross the road very carefully. Look both ways, or you mi ght be knocked down. 过马路要非常小心，要看两边，不然会被车撞倒。
祈使句用法详解：表建议
■典型例句
Get your hair cut! 你去理发吧!
Get your eyes tested! 你去检查一下你的眼睛吧!
Ask Jake, not his wife. 去问杰克，不要问他妻子。
Come early, but not before six. 早点来，但别在6点以前。
Go off for the wee kend, why don’t you? 去度周末，好吗?
Have a bath and a rest and you’ll feel better. 洗个澡，休息一下，你就会觉得好些。
Cancel the match if it rains. If it rains, cancel the match. 如果下雨，就取消比赛吧。
Take a taxi, otherwise you’ll miss your train. 你如不叫出租汽车，你就会误掉火车的。
You try teaching 40 noisy children five days a week! 你来试试每周5天教40个吵闹的孩子!
注：以let’s开头的祈使句通常表示建议。如：
Let’s go to the cinema tonight. 今晚咱们去看电影。
Let’s get down to work. 咱们干起来吧(from www.yygramm https://www.360docs.net/doc/7c3965183.html,)。
祈使句用法详解：表请求
■典型例句
Give me a hand, will you? 帮我一个忙，好吗?
Please help me for a few minutes. 请帮我几分钟。
Please remember me to Mr. Smith. 请帮我向史密斯先生致意。
Do forgive me I didn’t mean to be rude. 务请原谅，我无心对你粗鲁无礼。
Be an angel and fetch me my slippers please. 请行行好，把我的拖鞋拿来。
Please don’t telephone before 8 a. m. 早8点以前请不要打电话。
Hand me the hammer, will you? 把锤子递给我好吗?
Do be quiet, for God’s sake! 看在上帝的份上，安静一会儿吧!
Give me some bread as well, please. 请你也给我一点儿面包吧。
Bring the fruit up to the dining room, will you? 把水果送到楼上餐厅里来好吗?
I’ll try on a few of these shirts. Please pass me that whit e one. 我要试穿几件衬衣，请把那件白色的递给我(from www.yyg https://www.360docs.net/doc/7c3965183.html,)。
祈使句用法详解：表命令
■典型例句
Hands off! 不要摸!
英语祈使句详解
英语祈使句详解 1. 种类： 1）、直接祈使句 直接祈使句指对二人称所下的命令。如： Shut the door! 把门关上! Have a shot at it! 试试看! Have a cup of coffee! 喝杯咖啡吧! Don’t have tomato soup!别吃番茄汤! Have a really good meal! 愿你享受一顿美餐! Get your eyes tested! 你去检查一下你的眼睛吧! Drop that gun. or I’ll shoot you.放下枪，不然我就打死你。 2）、间接祈使句 间接祈使句指对一人称或第三人称所下的命令。如： Let me help you. 我来帮你吧! Please let us know when you are arriving. 请告诉我们你何时到达。 Let her do what she likes. 让她做她想做的事吧。 Let every man do his best. 让每个人人尽其才。 Don’t let them take advantage of you.别让他们占你的便宜。 2. 祈使句的概念 表示请求、命令、建议、祝愿、邀请或要求的句子叫祈使句。用于祈使句句首的动词总是用原形，不能用其他形式。如： Shut the door! 把门关上! Have a cup of coffee! 喝杯咖啡吧! Let them go by train. 叫他们坐火车去吧。 Come and have dinner with us soon. 一会儿来跟我们一起吃饭吧。 Have fun! 愿你玩得快活! Have a good time! 祝你玩得开心! Have a good day! 祝你度过美好的一天! Have a really good meal! 愿你享受一顿美餐! Have a lovely party! 愿你有一次愉快的聚会! Have a really restful holiday! 愿你度过一次十分悠闲的休假! Have a really interesting debate! 愿你们有一次十分有趣的辩论! Keep off the grass! 请勿践踏草地! Do not touch these wires. 请勿接触电线! Do not feed the animals! 不许给动物扔食物! Do not feed the lions. 请勿向狮子投喂食物! Don’t be rude.不要无礼。 Don’t you speak to me like that!你别这样跟我讲话! Stir, and you are a dead man. 动一下就要你的命。 Never speak to me like that again. 决不要再那个样子跟我说话。
《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—祈使句的分类汇编
一、选择题 1．“_______ exercise every day, my child. It’s good for your health,” Father said. A．Taking B．Took C．Take D．Takes 2．Don’t________ in the classroom. It’s important ________ quiet when you study. A．talk, keep B．to talk, keep C．talk, to keep D．to talk, to keep 3．Don’t _______TV too much . It’s bad for your eyes . A．watch B．watched C．watching D．to watch 4．The teacher often says, “ _____ late for school. ” A．Don’t B．Don’t be C．Not D．Doesn’t 5．Peter, ______ more if you want to get high scores in the P.E. test next month. A．practice B．practices C．practicing D．will practice 6．Jerry，______ angry with others. It's bad for your health. A．doesn't be B．don't be C．isn't D．don't 7．Leave the E-dictionary behind,____ you won't be able to read independently. A．so B．or C．and D．but 8．Take more exercise, you will be healthier. A．but B．or C．and 9．—____ —C-O-L-O-R. A．What's this? B．What color is it? C．Spell it, please. 10．________ the steps, and you can find it convenient to buy things with the mobile phone. A．Follow B．To follow C．Following 11．Get up early,______you’ll be late for school. A．so B．and C．or D．but 12．Don’t ________ your glass too _______. A．fill; full B．fill; filled C．full; full D．full; filled 13．________the key card in your hotel room. Leave it at the reception desk. A．No leave B．Not leave C．Don't leave D．No leaving 14．—Could you take me to the cinema? I want to see the movie named Pacific Rim (《环太平洋》). —______ your homework first, and then we’ll talk about it. A．Finish B．Finished C．To finish D．Finishing 15．Summer is coming. Please______ play near the river, It's very dangerous.
初中英语祈使句讲解及练习
初中英语――祈使句 祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。 1.肯定的祈使句 （1）动词原形+其他 Stand up, please. = Please stand up.请起立。 （2）Be + n./adj. Be a good boy!要做一个好孩子!Be careful! = Look out! = Take care!小心/当心！（3）Let +宾语+动词原形+其它成分 Let me help you.让我来帮你。Let’s go to school together.咱们一起上学去吧。 2.否定的祈使句 (1) Don“t +动词原形 Don“t stand up.别站起来。 Don“t be careless.别大意。 Don“t let them play with fire.别让他们玩火。 （2）Let型的否定式有两种:“Don“t + let +宾语+动词原形+其它成分”和“L et +宾语+ not +动词原形+其它成分”。 Don“t let him go. / Let him not go.别让他走。 Let them not play with fire.别让他们玩火。 （3）no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。 No smoking!禁止吸烟!No fishing!禁止钓鱼!
3.祈使句的强调形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do。 例如：Do shut up!快住口！ 4.祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，大凡用will或won’t。 在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点： 1)形式一致(即Yes与will保持一致；No与won’t保持一致) 2)意思相反(即Yes是“不”的意思；No是“是”的意思)。 在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。 如：---Don’t go out, please. It’s raining heavily outside.请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。 ---- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport.不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。 5.祈使句的反意疑问句 (1)肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you或won“t you。 Please open the door, will/ won’t you?请把门打开，好吗？ (2)否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。 Don“t be late again, will you?别再迟到了，行不行？ (3)以let“s开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。 Let“s turn on the TV, shall we?我们把电视打开，好吗？ <特别注意>只有以let“s开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shallwe，而letus开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you或 won“tyou.如：Let us stay here, will/ won“tyou?请（你）让我们留在这好吗？
英语初中祈使句讲解及练习
中考初中英语祈使句讲解及练习 初中英语――祈使句 一、概念： 祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。 二、句型结构：1、肯定句： 2、否定句： 1. 肯定的祈使句 （1）动词原形+其他 Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。 （2）Be + n./adj/prep短语. Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 当心！ （3）Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分 Let me help you. 让我来帮你。 Let’s go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。 2. 否定的祈使句 (1) Don't + 动词原形 Don't stand up. 别站起来。 Don't be careless. 别粗心。 Don't let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。 （2）Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。 Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。 Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。 （3）no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。 No smoking! 禁止吸烟! No fishing! 禁止钓鱼! No photos！ 三、练习 一. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.It’s an important meeting. _________________ (not, be )late. 2.________________ (not,make) any nise! Your mother is sleeping. 3.________________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _________ (be) polite. 4. ________________ ( not, talk) and ____________ (read) aloud. 5._______________ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry. 6.________________ (look) out! A car is coming. 7._______________ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like. 二、单项选择 1. The TV is too loud. Please________. A.turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it
最新初中英语语法知识—祈使句的综合训练
一、选择题 1．—______________. —G-R-E-E-N, green. A．What's this? B．What color is it? C．Spell it, please. 2．late for class again, Ann. A．Don’t be B．Can’t C．Don’t D．Be 3．Walk ______ the white building and ______ the street. You won’t miss it. A．pass; cross B．past; cross C．pass; across D．past; across 4．good care of yourself when you are alone, or your parents will worry about you. A．Taking B．To take C．Taken D．Take 5．—_____________ dressed now! We have to go in ten minutes. —OK, Mom. A．Getting B．Get C．To get D．Gets 6．Don’t________ in the classroom. It’s important ________ quiet when you study. A．talk, keep B．to talk, keep C．talk, to keep D．to talk, to keep 7．Mike, __________ make any noise, your father is sleeping. A．not B．don't C．won't D．can't 8．Peter, ______ more if you want to get high scores in the P.E. test next month. A．practice B．practices C．practicing D．will practice 9．Leave the E-dictionary behind,____ you won't be able to read independently. A．so B．or C．and D．but 10．Let’s ______ sports after school. S ports are good for health. A．have B．having C．to have D．has 11．Hurry up, you will be late for school. A．so B．or C．and D．but 12．________ for the English test or you will miss the listening part. A．Don’t late B．Don’t be late C．Don’t arrive lately 13．Let’s _____TV. That _____boring. Can we go out to play games? A．watching,sounds B．watch,sound C．watching,sound D．watch,sounds 14．—Could you take me to the cinema? I want to see the movie named Pacific Rim (《环太平洋》). —______ your homework first, and then w e’ll talk about it. A．Finish B．Finished C．To finish D．Finishing
初中英语语法知识—祈使句的全集汇编含解析
一、选择题 1．Sam, ________ your teeth before going to bed. A．is brushing B．brushes C．brush D．has brushed 2．— Please ________very quiet. They___________ . — OK, I will. A．to be; sleep B．be; are sleeping C．to be; are sleeping D．be; sleeps 3．______ talk in the library. A．Don’t B．Not C．Not to 4．Mike, __________ make any noise, your father is sleeping. A．not B．don't C．won't D．can't 5．Leave the E-dictionary behind,____ you won't be able to read independently. A．so B．or C．and D．but 6．_______ afraid of making mistakes. We can learn from our mistakes. A．Be not B．Don’t be C．Not be D．Not to be 7．Cindy, ______ chase other students in the class. A．doesn't B．do C．be D．don't 8．Hurry up, you will be late for school. A．so B．or C．and D．but 9．— Study hard, _________ you will pass the exam. —I’m sure I will. A．so B．or C．but D．and 10．Take more exercise, you will be healthier. A．but B．or C．and 11．________ the steps, and you can find it convenient to buy things with the mobile phone. A．Follow B．To follow C．Following 12．late for class again, Ann. A．Don’t be B．Can’t C．Don’t D．Be 13．-Let's make fruit salad. - _____________ . A．No,I'm not B．Thank you C．That's all right D．That's a good idea 14．Please_____late for school. A．isn’t B．aren’t C．don’t be D．not be 15．Hey, James,__________on the wall. A．doesn't draw B．didn't draw C．don't draw D．drew 16．“Sally, ________ afraid of making mistakes in your composition,” said the teacher. A．not be B．don’t be C．be not D．not to be 17．Let’s ____________ volleyball. That _________ good.
初中英语语法知识—祈使句的专项训练及解析答案
一、选择题 1．Get up early,______you’ll be late for school. A．so B．and C．or D．but 2．—_____________ dressed now! We have to go in ten minutes. —OK, Mom. A．Getting B．Get C．To get D．Gets 3．Peter, ______ more if you want to get high scores in the P.E. test next month. A．practice B．practices C．practicing D．will practice 4．---Be careful, don’t forget to follow your father. ---I know that, Mum. One can never be too careful. A．and B．or C．but D．so 5．_______ afraid of making mistakes. We can learn from our mistakes. A．Be not B．Don’t be C．Not be D．Not to be 6．Let’s ______ sports after school. Sports are good for health. A．have B．having C．to have D．has 7．Cindy, ______ chase other students in the class. A．doesn't B．do C．be D．don't 8．Let’s _____TV. That _____boring. Can we go out to play games? A．watching,sounds B．watch,sound C．watching,sound D．watch,sounds 9．—______________. —G-R-E-E-N, green. A．What's this? B．What color is it? C．Spell it, please. 10．Take more exercise, you will be healthier. A．but B．or C．and 11．Grandpa, you'd better not smoke any more. Follow the doctor's advice, ___________ you will be well very soon. A．and B．or C．so D．but 12．________ for the English test or you will miss the listening part. A．Don’t late B．Don’t be late C．Don’t arrive lately 13．Hurry up, _________ you will be late for class. A．and B．or C．but D．so 14．—I am feeling ill. What should I do? — eating junk food and breakfast every day. A．Stop; having B．Stop; have C．To stop; have. D．To stop; to have
初中英语祈使句讲解
祈使句 （一）概念： 用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告的句子是祈使句。 （二）一般祈使句（省略第二人称主语you） 1.肯定句：动词原形+ …… Be brave. Stand up. Stop talking! Come on and join us! a.有时，为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加do. Do study hard. Do sit down. b.为了使语气显得客气，可在祈使句的句首或句尾加上please. Please 在句尾时，之前一定要加一个逗号。 Please come here. Go this way, please. c.祈使句有唤语，一定要用逗号隔开，放在句首或句尾。 Li Ming, come here. Here you are, Eric. 2.否定句：Don’t + 动词原形+ …… Don’t swim in the river. Don’t be late. Please don’t be noisy. Don’t tell her, please.
（三）L et祈使句（含有第一、三人称主语） 1.肯定句：Let sb. do sth. Let’s go swimming on Sunday. Let me try again. Let Tom go there himself. Let the news be known. Let each man decide for himself. 2.否定句：Let sb. not do sth. 或Don’t let sb. do sth. Don’t let her waste time. Don’t let him hear you say that. Let her not do it alone. Let’s not say anything about it. Don’t let them play with fire. 3.注意： Let’s表示包括对方。 Let us表示不包括对方。 Let’s go, shall we? （包括对方） Let us go, will you? （请求对方许，不包括对方）（四）句型转换：祈使句+and/or+陈述句 祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句。 Use your head, and you will find a way. = If you use your head, you will find a way. Work hard, or you will fail. =If you don’t work hard, you will fail.
《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—祈使句的难题汇编及答案
一、选择题 1．Hey, James,__________on the wall. A．doesn't draw B．didn't draw C．don't draw D．drew 2．Don’t ________ your glass too _______. A．fill; full B．fill; filled C．full; full D．full; filled 3．— Please ________very quiet. They___________ . — OK, I will. A．to be; sleep B．be; are sleeping C．to be; are sleeping D．be; sleeps 4．______ talk in the library. A．Don’t B．Not C．Not to 5．Mike, __________ make any noise, your father is sleeping. A．not B．don't C．won't D．can't 6．Please _____ look outside. Look at the black board. A．not B．don’t C．aren’t D．can’t 7．Leave the E-dictionary behind,____ you won't be able to read independently. A．so B．or C．and D．but 8．Let’s ______ sports after school. Sports are good for health. A．have B．having C．to have D．has 9．— We need more office supplies. —Ok. Let’s ______ a list. A．making B．makes C．make D．made 10．The window is . Mike, go and it. A．open; closed B．close; opens C．open; close D．closed; opens 11．—Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. — _________. A．I don't B．I won't C．I will D．I'd like to 12．—_____________ dressed now! We have to go in ten minutes. —OK, Mom. A．Getting B．Get C．To get D．Gets 13．-Let's make fruit salad. - _____________ . A．No,I'm not B．Thank you C．That's all right D．That's a good idea 14．Tom, your homework all the time. It’ not good for your eyes. A．not do B．doesn’t do C．don’t do D．isn’t do 15．________the key card in your hotel room. Leave it at the reception desk. A．No leave B．Not leave C．Don't leave D．No leaving
英语祈使句详解(664)
英语祈使句详解 1. 祈使句的概念 表示请求、命令、建议、祝愿、邀请或要求的句子叫祈使句。用于祈使句 句首的动词总是用原形，不能用其他形式。如： Shut the door! 把门关上! Have a cup of coffee! 喝杯咖啡吧! Let them go by train. 叫他们坐火车去吧。 祈使句的主语通常为第二人称(you)，但一般都被省略，只有在特殊的情况下才把主语(you)补充出来。如： You be quiet! 你安静! You go and tell him, Chris. 克立斯，你去告诉他。 You wait here for a moment. 你在这儿等一会儿。 有时祈使句的主语也可以是everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody等不定代词。如： Stand up, everybody! 全体起立! Nobody move. 任何人都不许动。 2. 祈使句表示强调 为了加强祈使句的语气，我们通常是在祈使句的动词原形前加上助动词d 务必”等。如： o，此时通常译为“一定”“ Do be careful. 务必要小心。 Do have some more tea. 一定再喝点茶。 Do let me go. 一定让我去。 副词never和always有时可用于祈使句句首，表示强调。如： Never do that again. 再不要这样做了。 Always look in the mirror before starting to drive. 一定要先看看反光镜再开车。 3. 祈使句的否定式 构成祈使句否定式的方法很简单，那就是在动词原形前加don’t——不管祈使句所用的动词为什么性质动词，情况都是一样。如： Open the window. 把窗户打开。 →Don’t open the window. 别把窗户打开。 Come next Monday. 下周星期一来。
初中英语语法知识—祈使句的知识点总复习含答案解析(1)
一、选择题 1．-Let's make fruit salad. - _____________ . A．No,I'm not B．Thank you C．That's all right D．That's a good idea 2．Walk ______ the white building and ______ the street. You won’t miss it. A．pass; cross B．past; cross C．pass; across D．past; across 3．—_____________ dressed now! We have to go in ten minutes. —OK, Mom. A．Getting B．Get C．To get D．Gets 4．Don’t ________ your glass too _______. A．fill; full B．fill; filled C．full; full D．full; filled 5．—When and where shall we meet tomorrow? —Let’s _______ it 3:00 p. m. at my home. A．do B．make C．meet D．plan 6．______ talk in the library. A．Don’t B．Not C．Not to 7．Don’t________ in the classroom. It’s important ________ quiet when you study. A．talk, keep B．to talk, keep C．talk, to keep D．to talk, to keep 8．—Hurry up, you will miss the first train of Beijing S2! —OK. I can't wait to see the Great Wall. A．or B．so C．and D．But 9．Leave the E-dictionary behind,____ you won't be able to read independently. A．so B．or C．and D．but 10．Do more exercise every day, ________ you’ll be stronger than before. A．but B．for C．and D．or 11．Just______straight and turn left. A．go B．to go C．going 12．Don’t _____your children_____other children . A．comparing; to B．compare;with C．compare;to D．comparing;with 13．The window is . Mike, go and it. A．open; closed B．close; opens C．open; close D．closed; opens 14．Alice, it's time for school. Let me _______, or I will be late for class. A．go B．come C．to go D．to come 15．We can’t get in. It says “________” on the sign. A．No smoking B．No touching C．No entry D．No shouting 16．________the key card in your hotel room. Leave it at the reception desk.
初中英语祈使句讲解及练习
初中英语祈使句讲解及练习
初中英语――祈使句 祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。 1. 肯定的祈使句 （1）动词原形+其他 Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。 （2）Be + n./adj. Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心/ 当心！（3）Let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分Let me help you. 让我来帮你。Let’s go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。 2. 否定的祈使句 (1) Don't + 动词原形 Don't stand up. 别站起来。 Don't be careless. 别粗心。 Don't let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。 （2）Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语
如：--- Don’t go out, please. It’s raining heavily outside. 请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。 ---- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。 5. 祈使句的反意疑问句 (1) 肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you 或won't you。 Please open the do or, will/ won’t you? 请把门打开，好吗？ (2) 否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。 Don't be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？ (3) 以let's开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。 Let's turn on the TV, shall we? 我们把电视打开，好吗？ <特别注意> 只有以let's开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shall we，而let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you或won't you.如：Let us stay here, will/ won't you?
初中英语语法知识—祈使句的知识点复习
一、选择题 1．Tom, laugh at（嘲笑）others. It’s not polite! A．don't B．doesn’t C．not D．don't be 2．Peter, here, or I’ll ask you to get out of the library. A．not shout B．don’t shout C．not to shout D．no shout 3．The teacher often says, “ _____ late for school. ” A．Don’t B．Don’t be C．Not D．Doesn’t 4．Tim,______noisy in the library. A．don’t B．doesn’t C．don’t be D．doesn’t be 5．---Be careful, don’t forget to follow your father. ---I know that, Mum. One can never be too careful. A．and B．or C．but D．so 6．_______ afraid of making mistakes. We can learn from our mistakes. A．Be not B．Don’t be C．Not be D．Not to be 7．Cindy, ______ chase other students in the class. A．doesn't B．do C．be D．don't 8．___________really hard, and you can realize your dream of becoming an astronaut. A．Works B．To work C．Working D．Work 9．—Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. — _________. A．I don't B．I won't C．I will D．I'd like to 10．Hurry up, _________ you will be late for class. A．and B．or C．but D．so 11．-Let's make fruit salad. - _____________ . A．No,I'm not B．Thank you C．That's all right D．That's a good idea 12．good care of yourself when you are alone, or your parents will worry about you. A．Taking B．To take C．Taken D．Take 13．Let’s ____________ volleyball. That _________ good. A．playing, is B．playing, sounds C．play, sounds D．play, is sound 14．Your future is whatever you make it, so ________it a good one. A．to make B．making C．made D．make 15．---Mike, ___________ run in the hallways. 一Sorry, Ms. Clark. A．don't B．doesn't C．let's D．please 16．— Daniel, _________ be late for school again! —Sorry, Mrs. Lin. I won’t. A．doesn’t B．don’t C．isn’t D．won’t
英语祈使句详解讲课稿
英语祈使句详解 1.祈使句的概念 表示请求、命令、建议、祝愿、邀请或要求的句子叫祈使句。用于祈使句句首的动词总是用原形，不能用其他形式。如： Shut the door! 把门关上! Have a cup of coffee! 喝杯咖啡吧! Let them go by train. 叫他们坐火车去吧。 祈使句的主语通常为第二人称(you)，但一般都被省略，只有在特殊的情况下才把主语(you)补充出来。如：You be quiet! 你安静! You go and tell him, Chris. 克立斯，你去告诉他。 You wait here for a moment. 你在这儿等一会儿。 有时祈使句的主语也可以是everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody等不定代词。如： Stand up, everybody! 全体起立!Nobody move. 任何人都不许动。 2.祈使句表示强调 为了加强祈使句的语气，我们通常是在祈使句的动词原形前加上助动词do，此时通常译为“一定”“务必”等。如：Do be careful. 务必要小心。Do let me go. 一定让我去。 副词never和always有时可用于祈使句句首，表示强调。如： Never do that again. 再不要这样做了。 Always look in the mirror before starting to drive. 一定要先看看反光镜再开车。 3.祈使句的否定式 构成祈使句否定式的方法很简单，那就是在动词原形前加don’t——不管祈使句所用的动词为什么性质动词，情况都是一样。如： Open the window. 把窗户打开。→Don’t open the window. 别把窗户打开。Come next Monday. 下周星期一来。 对于以let us或let’s开头的祈使句，其否定式通常是在不定式之前放一个not。如： Let’s tell him the truth. 我们把实情告诉他吧。→Let s not tell him the truth. 我们不要把实情告诉他。 但在日常口语中，我们也可以把don’t放在let’s之前。如：Let’s don’t tell him the truth. 我们不要把实情告诉他) 4. 祈使句与连用please 为了使祈使句的语气变得委婉，我们可以在祈使句的句首或句末加上please——若加在句首，其后不用逗号；若加在句末，则通常会在please前加一个逗号。如： Step this way, please. 请这边走。Please type your letter. 请把你的信打出来。 Open the window, please. 请把窗户打开。 如果是否定祈使句，则通常将please加在don’t之前。如： Please don’t get angry. 请不要生气。 5.祈使句的时间概念 祈使句所表示的时间总是指将来，所以与它连用的句子原则上要用将来时态来与它呼应。如： Give me a hand, will you? 帮我一个忙，好吗? 由于give me a hand表示隐含将来意义，所以句中的will you 不能改为do you。 Try again and you will succeed. 你再试就会成功。由于句中的try again隐含将来意义，所以句中用了you will succeed，而不是you succeed。 Don’t do that again or you’ll be in trouble. 别再干那个了，否则你会有麻烦。句中的don’t do that again指的是以后不要再干那事了，由于隐含有将来意义，所以句中用了you’ll be in trouble，而没有用you are in trouble。6. 祈使句的省略 一般说来，祈使句总是要以动词原形开头，但是，在某些特殊情况下，我们可以只用一个词或短语来表示祈使句的意义。如： Just a few please. 请给几个就行了。 A little more slowly please. 再慢一点。 A pound of butter. 给我一磅黄油。Two teas and four coffees, please. 请来两杯茶和四杯咖啡。