苔丝的人物性格分析[权威资料]
苔丝的人物形象分析
苔丝悲剧形象分析出身得悲剧ﻫ在小说得一开始,作者借崇干牧师之口说出女主人公苔丝系英国中古时期赫赫有名得武士世家德伯氏得嫡系后裔。
但就就是她得家族，早在故事展开得六七十年以前就家破人亡了。
而且正像作家在书中所发得感慨那样“诺曼得血统，没有维多利亚王朝得财富作辅助,又算得了什么！”⑴显贵得出身并没有给苔丝带来任何好处,她得悲剧却由此开始了。
ﻫ苔丝得父亲就就是一个贫苦得乡下小贩,生性懒惰、一味酗酒且愚昧无知,苔丝得母亲过去就就是一个挤奶女工，她邋遢迷信、头脑简单。
图慕虚荣得她们都就就是听凭时代风雨恣意摧残得小人物、可怜虫。
正就就是这样一对糟糕得父母成为苔丝悲剧得始作俑者。
ﻫ为了显摆自己所谓得“贵族”身份,为了满足卑微得虚荣心,苔丝得父母妄想通过“认亲”、“联姻”得方式来提升自己得地位。
尽管苔丝厌恶父母得虚伪,鄙视高贵得出身,坚持认为自己就就是农家得女而,就就是靠自己得劳动而生活得，但就就是她就就是家中得老大,父母得无能使沉重得家庭负担过早得落在她得身上。
她深情得爱恋着她得弟妹们,不忍心瞧她们受苦。
当家中得那匹赖以生存得老马不幸死去时,苔丝遵从母命极不情愿得去投奔有钱得冒牌本家。
结果横遭蹂躏。
成了兽欲得牺牲品与礼教得罪人。
后来,她又为了家庭背井离乡,到处瓢泊，历尽沧桑,在山穷水尽之时。
还就就是为了家庭,重回到亚雷身边。
以自己得肉体换取家人得温饱。
ﻫﻫ上帝赐给苔丝一个贵妇人得灵魂,让她纤尘不染，超凡脱俗,而现实却给了她一个落魄得出身。
让她无力摆脱尘世间得种种纷扰。
这种灵与肉得极度不与谐。
导致了苔丝得悲剧得命运。
ﻫﻫ性格得悲剧ﻫﻫ每个悲剧得主人公都会有自然性格与社会性格。
那么什么就就是自然性格与社会性格呢？自然性格就就是指人类作为自然得一种内在品质、人性品质得集合:社会性格则就就是指人得内在品性在繁复得社会关系中得延伸、发展、变化，甚至于扭曲得综合体。
ﻫﻫ苔丝得自然性格集中反映了人性得勤劳与勇敢。
她从一个一无所知得乡村姑娘到最后一个敢于践踏人间正义得“杀人犯”，无不折射着人性勇敢向善得品质。
真小人,伪君子——试分析《苔丝》中的两个男性形象
真小人，伪君子——试分析《苔丝》中的两个男性形象资产阶级阔少亚历克·德伯只是玷污了苔丝的肉体，但安吉尔·克莱尔却完全摧毁了苔丝的精神世界。
无论是真小人亚历克还是伪君子安吉尔都无法改变苔丝悲惨的命运。
标签：真小人;伪君子;苔丝一托马斯.哈代是19世纪末20世纪初英国最杰出的批判现实主义小说家和诗人。
他以浓烈的悲观主义情绪，开创了英国文学的哈代时代,成为”耸立在维多利亚时代和新时代交界线上”的”悲戚而刚毅的艺术家”。
他的创作为他在世界文学中安吉尔奠定了不朽的地位，使他成为同莎士比亚（Shakespeare）、狄更斯（Dickens）等世界著名作家齐名的人物，曾被誉为”英国小说中的莎士比亚”。
1840年6月2日，哈代出生于英国多塞特郡（Dorset）多切斯特市（Dorchester），他的小说大部分都是以这个地区为背景的。
从1869年至19世纪末近30年间，共创作长篇小说14部、中短篇小说近50篇。
哈代的小说以他所生长生活的英格兰西南部地区为背景，富有浓重的地方色彩。
他将这些小说大体分为3类：性格与环境的小说、罗曼史与幻想的小说和精于结构的小说。
其中以第一类最为重要。
属于此类的长篇小说有《绿林荫下》、安吉尔《远离尘嚣》、《还乡》、《卡斯特桥市长》、《林居人》、《德伯家的苔丝》、《无名的裘德》。
一般认为它们是哈代思想、艺术上最成熟的作品，其中又以悲剧故事《德伯家的苔丝》和《无名的裘德》最为杰出。
《苔丝》是哈代的代表作之一，也是最能体现哈代创作精神的”性格与环境小说”（亦称为”威塞克斯小说”）的代表作之一。
《苔丝》描写贫苦美丽的挤奶女工苔丝因年轻无知而失身于富家恶少亚雷.德伯，受尽精神上和物质上的煎熬，最后失去自己真心爱恋的安吉·克莱，悲愤绝望之中，杀死亚雷，坦然走上绞架。
二评论家习惯于批判亚历克。
亚历克·德伯代表着英国维多利亚时代资产阶级邪恶势力。
(2) 他和德伯家毫无渊源关系。
价苔丝人物评价
苔丝人物评价女主人公苔丝是一个勤劳善良、美丽纯朴的农家姑娘，同时在她身上又有着可贵的坚强、自尊和大胆反抗厄运的品格。
为了摆脱穷困，她的母亲打发她去有钱的“本家”埃里克家做工，结果遭到埃里克的蹂躏，失去了“清白”。
此时的她不仅要面对生活的贫困，还要抵御“道德”的压力。
她来到牛奶场当女工，和来自城里的具有“自由思想”的安吉尔•克莱尔真心相爱了。
新婚之夜，苔丝为了忠实自己的丈夫，向安吉尔讲述了自己以往的“过失”。
表现了很高的道德勇气。
当丈夫不能谅解，幸福已经破灭时，她又忍住痛苦，咬紧牙关，毅然地独立谋生。
在对待埃里克的态度上，苔丝也充分体现了自己的人格尊严。
埃里克百般引诱，她不为之所动，并明确表示厌恶。
最后，她在忍无可忍的情况下，杀死这个毁了她一生的仇人。
作者也真实地写到了苔丝身上的弱点。
苔丝明显受到旧道德和宿命论思想的影响。
她对克莱尔的态度和他对自己命运的悲叹（“我的命为什么这样苦？”“一切都是命中注定的。
”）都说明了这一点。
这样的描写，从一定的意义上讲，也是现实生活的反映。
当然，作家本身的命运观也加深了小说的悲观主义和宿命论的气氛。
苔丝的悲剧是在工业资本日益占领农村，个体劳动者丧失了生产资料，沦为雇佣劳动者的大背景下出现的。
哈代对苔丝的不幸满怀同情。
在小说中，他大声疾呼：“哪儿是保护苔丝的天使呢？哪儿是她一心信仰的上帝呢？”苔丝是哈代塑造得最为出色的艺术形象。
析苔丝悲剧摘要：在托马斯•哈代的“性格和环境”小说《德伯家的苔丝》中，悲剧形成的原因主要是苔丝个人的性格与命运、环境、社会的冲突，从而造成了个性的毁灭。
关键词：命运悲剧；社会悲剧；性格悲剧托马斯•哈代是19世纪现实主义小说家，对资本主义文明的发展采取了坚决批判的立场，因此获得了“悲观主义者”的绰号。
作为一位人道主义作家，他认为人民的生活是悲惨的，民间人物的命运也是悲剧，而主人公的命运是人类命运的缩影。
他在作品中广泛使用的表现手法是对比描写法，这种方法具有种种不同的具体形式。
对《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝女性形象的分析[权威资料]
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对《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝女性形象的分析本文档格式为WORD,感谢你的阅读。
托马斯・哈代是19世纪末20世纪初英国著名的批判现实主义作家，《德伯家的苔丝》是哈代最具有代表性的作品。
《德伯家的苔丝》这部作品描述了一位纯洁勇敢、漂亮独立、勤劳甜美的少女悲惨的一生。
由于家境贫寒，为了生存，对社会凶险毫无认知的苔丝离家谋生，不幸的是苔丝却被亚雷・德伯奸污，并生下了私生子。
本该享受生命中美好年华的苔丝却时时刻刻遭受着周围人的唾弃与歧视，孩子的不幸早逝更对她的精神造成了严重的创伤。
苔丝在牧场做工的时候偶遇了克莱尔，当天真的苔丝将自己的过去向克莱尔坦诚相告后，却被无情地抛弃。
最终在物质和精神上受尽双重折磨的苔丝，将毁了她一生的亚雷悲愤地杀死后，坦然走向绞刑架，结束了自己悲惨的一生。
一、苔丝光辉的女性形象在哈代之前的许多作家，如狄更斯、理查逊等人对女性人物的描绘和刻画通常是按照世俗道德标准和传统价值取向进行的。
但是，哈代在其文学作品中，创造了一批与传统的女性形象截然不同的新女性形象。
哈代笔下的新女性形象没有落入传统的俗套中，作者以一种突破以往的模式对作品中的女性进行刻画与描写。
在书中她们往往以一种个性鲜明、具有现代思想的女性形象出现，《德伯家的苔丝》里刻画了一位对自己的人生有着自己独立的思想见解的出身于农村的善良美丽的姑娘――苔丝，其对社会的种种现象也有深入的思考。
在这部文学作品中，女主角苔丝是美和爱的象征，是被理想化了的女性形象，她具有善良、美丽、纯洁、质朴等很多优秀的品质。
她心灵纯洁，面对亚雷的威逼利诱，苔丝并没有委曲求全。
而面对自己心爱的人，苔丝为了保持自己心灵的纯洁，在经历了一番痛苦的内心挣扎之后，苔丝向心爱的人坦白了自己的过去，虽然她明白一旦坦白了自己的过去将很可能断送自己后半生的幸福。
她不利用婚姻来满足自己的虚荣心，却用自尊来追求着平等和爱情的自由。
她为了使家庭摆脱窘迫的困境，因此去亚雷家做工，但是当她发觉自己被亚雷欺骗后便毅然决然地选择了离开。
《苔丝》原著中女主人公的性格分析
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《苔丝》原著中女主人公的性格分析
邱 璐
《苔丝》作为维多利亚时期杰出作家哈代的代 表作之一，描写了善良、勤劳的乡村女孩苔丝与花花 公子亚力克和新兴资产阶级安杰尔之间的爱恨纠葛。 苔丝的悲剧人生很大程度上是由她复杂的性格特点造 成的。本文旨在对苔丝性格中比较明显的优缺点进行 分析，包括其在艰难人生中的独立勤劳、对传统观念 和宗教制度的反叛以及犹豫妥协，从而使读者对她的 人物形象和悲剧命运有更深刻的理解。
和约束的，即便是在当今社会也是部分如此。在一 心欲绝的苔丝却并没有后悔自己告诉他这件事，她要
段感情中，男性随便可以被原谅，而女性则被理所 的是一个完全接受自己一切的人。安杰尔远走巴西回
当然地认为贞洁是属于丈夫的。双重的道德标准的 来时，这种传统观念的桎梏也就消失了，某种程度上
确存在过或是仍然存在着。苔丝生活在一个小村子 这也是苔丝反叛传统观念的一种胜利。
子最后还是去世了，但是她的行为在当时来看简直是 子大门的时候，她都还在纠结要不要进去。尽管对亚
不可思议。
力克没有爱慕之情，之后他喂草莓给她吃的时候她也
持家务似乎就是她们的终身事业。没有工作的她们必 敢。她没有因为亚力克有钱就妥协成为任他摆布的布
须依靠男性赚钱养家，在经济地位上失去了独立性。 偶，苔丝的行为就是对于女性依附于男人这种观念的
女性的行为标准因此就完全按照传统观念和宗教制度 一记响亮耳光。
来评判。贞洁在这两个标准中都被视为女性最重要的
遇到真爱安杰尔后，她决定在婚礼前夕告知所
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鉴 赏
在众多评论中，毛颖描述了苔丝的复杂性格来 的理由铿锵有力，强烈表达了对传统道德的不满和反
揭露其与造成她悲剧的现实社会之间的冲突；张嫄认 叛：“我说过我不再要你的东西了，我不会再要了——
《德伯维尔家的苔丝》苔丝的人物性格分析 英语毕业论文
《德伯维尔家的苔丝》苔丝的人物性格分析摘要：托马斯·哈代、最有影响力的英语作家,建立了19及20世纪的文学形式。
他的代表作品,《德伯维尔家的苔丝》揭示了小说“性格与环境的精神”。
《德伯维尔家的苔丝》使哈代的文学创作取得了辉煌的成就。
哈代认为苔丝拥有女性的主要性格--纯洁,这使得他遇到激烈和严厉的批评,他们中的大多数人可以接受哈代的观点。
哈代的杰作《德伯维尔家的苔丝》描写了一个有痛苦经历的乡村女孩。
她用自己的双手去劳动,使人们感到她的真心。
她是一个“纯洁的女人”。
最后她以悲剧结束，人们讨论她的悲剧原因。
然而,她有一个强大的精神的战斗,反对社会、伪善的宗教。
她所做的一切就是放弃旧道德的社会,追求幸福的婚姻。
同时苔丝是一个纯洁的女人她对她的家庭和她的爱负责。
她已在世人面前表现她所受到的侮辱,这预示着一种抗强大的女人的形象。
AbstractThomas Hardy, one of the most influential English writers, helped forge a link between the 19th and 20th century literary tradition .Tess of the D’Urbervilles, one of his representative works, best reveals the “Novels of Character and Environment” spirit. Tess is the crowning achievement of Hardy’s literary creation.Hardy considers the main female character of Tess as “A pure woman”, which made him encounter fierce and harsh criticism, for most of them could accept Hardy’s view . Hardy’s masterpiece Tess of the D’Urbervilles describes the miserable experience of a rural girl. But too unfortunate to overthrow this girl who calls Tess, she relies on her own hands to work, moving people with her own sincerity. She is “a pure woman”. Finally she winds up with the tragedy, which is why people often discuss her as the source of the tragedy. However, she has a powerful spirit of fighting, fighting against the society, the hypocritical religion. All she did was to abandon the old ethical society and to pursuit a happy marriage. Meanwhile Tess is a pure woman and she is responsible for her family and her love. She has shown in front of common people her own practical action that she is insulted, which indicates a resisting powerful woman's images.Key words: revolt, compromise, a pure woman ,responsibilityA personality analysis of TessIntroductionThomas Hardy (1840-1928) was a Britain’s critical realism novelist and poet at the end of the 19th century. Hardy’s creation period includes carrying out the transition to the stage of imperialism from non- monopoly capitalism. His novel is filled with his background in homeland, including the near prefecture district. He has observed the agricultural crisis to fill in miserable consequence that the special prefecture causes in one, describe this regional peasant’s disaster received. Tess of the D’Urberville, is the first famous work of Britain outstanding realistic writer. Because Hardy had once had experience of living in the Ministry of Agriculture, he was extremely familiar with peasants’life, personality, custom, language, etc. Works of Hardy reflect capitalist factor invading Britain social economy, politics, morals, and enormous custom changes of under countryside, showed the miserable destiny of the rural working people of specific historical period. The theme of Hardy’s novel is to show the antinomy between people and society, personality and environment, especially through the description of issues such as love and marriage, displaying the individual confliction when people fight against social outmoded practice, religion law, morals custom. In his works, especially woman images in the works of him have deeply shown this characteristic. Tess of the D’Urbervilles, is the essential reflection of Hardy’s style and the society he wanted to show.Chapter One The Personality of Tess ----the Spirit ofRevolt1.1 Tess’s Fight to the Moribund Society1.1.1 The Moribund SocietyAs industrial movement swept England in the 19th century, People pour into countryside in crowds, as wild animal pray on like the animal occupying that land liberated. In a short period of time, Britain rural resident many times since the period of Louis 14, and the number of people is also running up. When the number of them has exceeded the urbanite, they have exercised an influence on urbanite again. So, the difference between the city and village becomes smaller and smaller, the urbanite’s thought and lively style make the village getting vigorous. 1Been classified as eliminating the differentials between town and country of the socialist goal by us all the time, it was that falling has been realized like this unexpectedly here. Especially, Woman has to oppress seriously from moribund society, it cause to grow spirit of revolt.1.1.2 Resistance of the Moribund SocietyBecause of the social reason, many people have to revolt. Tess is the one of these people. Tess hates the moribund society and Alec. When seeing Tess, he set the trap that has destroyed the young girl’s chaste and the happiness in all her life. Alec not only has essence and characteristic of the landlord class but also reflect the essential characteristic of the capitalist class. He thinks he has money and high social status, and Tess will like him. But he is wrong, Tess disdain to Alec, she is surrender to Alec, she isn’t marry to Alec as her mother ask for her, she says：“Perhaps any woman will, but I exception.” This prove that Tess resist with moribund social evil force. She wouldn’t wait impatiently to save herself from society fully, she would rather rely on her own efforts to be impractical on evil forceunder the foot. Beg that gives alms. When Alec requires Tess stay at his side, Tess responds him firmly. “Never, never! I made up my mind as soon as I saw--what I ought to have seen sooner, and I won’t come.” These also show Tess’s spirit of revolt to the moribund society. Until the fact that Angel come back, Tess break out finally, “And my sin will kill him and not kill me! ... O, you have torn my life all to pieces ... made me be what I prayed you in pity not to make me be again! ... My own true husband will never, never--O God--I can’t bear this! -- I cannot!”2 She has lifted the knife, killed Alec, as the severe reaction unjust to this society. Even if she has accepted the judgment of the death, she is quiet leaving finally, because she got the fairness of her heart at last, got the balance. There is only one effective method to reach the moribund resistance---kill Alce.1.2Resistance of the Traditional Moral Concept1.2.1The Traditional Moral ConceptTess lived in a small village where people’s concepts are traditional. They could not accept someone to violate the concept. If someone violate, they will disdain her. Angel, husband of Tess, is one of the representatives of traditional moral concepts, being even the main rea son that causes Tess’s tragedy. In his eyes, Tess is “what a fresh and pure daughter of nature that dairymaid is!” holy and pure, but Tess is to her honest experience abused on the past at the newly married night, because of his traditional moral concept, he has not forgiven Tess, as Tess did forgive his dissolute behavior. This shows a deep-rooted traditional chastity idea is still in his mind. Angle could not forgive Tess because there are some traditional concepts in his mind, but Tess forgives him. These prove Tess’s spirit for the traditional concepts.1.2.2Resistance of the Traditional Moral ConceptTess dare saying her own past bold, she believes whether a woman is pure or not, is not to look chastity, the more important thing is the soul and quality, Tess has not been defeated after suffering misfortune. Not crushed by the traditional morals ethics idea, she still has deep love for working, relying on herself to live. Clare forgives Tess when return after going out, which prove traditional failure of moral concept after all and make the final victory in resistance of Tess. In addition, after Tess has illegitimate children, she has not abandoned him, but bring him up until he died. Tess does not give consideration to the view of the people around, using her own practical action to show common people the purity of a woman losing virginity, which is resistance of her traditional moral concept to the old society too --W hether can’t evaluate the woman’s purity or not with the woman’s chastity. It is obvious, Tess with her industrious and simple and sincere and strong traditional moral concept of resistance, and has won the victory.1.3Resistance of the Hypocritical Religion1.3.1The Hypocritical ReligionBritain followed Christianity in the 19th century, the religion was a spiritual tool that was used for liberating the people on the surface. When people see through its hypocritical side, they will resist it. Tess is also the one who object to it when looks through it. Alec turns respectable for a time with the help of old pastor, and after he meets Tess, evil thought regenerated. Tess sees through the soul of the pastor, pointing out precisely: “Don’t go on with it!” she cried passionately, as she turned away from him to a stile by the wayside, on which she bent herself. “I can’t believe in such sudden things! I feel indignant with you for talking to me like this, when you know--when you know what harm you’ve done me! You, and those like you, take your fill of pleasure on earth by making the life of such as me bitterand black with sorrow, and then it is a fine thing, when you have had enough of that, to think of securing your pleasure in heaven by becoming converted! Out upon such--I don’t believe in you--I hate it!” It is obvious that Tess discontented with the hypocritical religion, and Alec utilizes the coat of the religion, making the obscene behavior, scorned by Tess, the severe reaction of Tess: “But I have not defended the weak woman of ability, Alec! I am still grasping the honor of a good person in the hand! --Think carefully --You do not feel ashamed! “This is Tess that reprimand to Alec frivolous act, pointing out Alec’s mask of “good person”. Not merely, she has also beaten back the harassing and wrecking of Alec. In addition, after illegitimate child of Tess fall ill, Tess forewarns the finishing of this light life, she ignores the restraint of the religious doctrine of the religion, and has done baptism for this child. But now that her moral sorrows were passing away, a fresh one arose on the natural side of her: she knew nothing about social law.3When she reached home she learned that the baby had been suddenly ill since the afternoon. Such collapse had been probable, so tender and puny was its frame, but the event came as a shock nevertheless. But no one to help her, they disdain her, so Tess think the religion is hypocritical.1.3.2 Resistance of the Hypocritical ReligionThe calmness, which had possessed Tess since the christening, remained with her in the infant’s loss. In the daylight, indeed, she felt her terrors about his soul to have been somewhat exaggerated, whether well founded or not she had no uneasiness now, reasoning that if Providence would not ratify such an act of approximation she, for one, did not value the kind of heaven lost by the irregularity--either for herself or for her child. She returns reasoning and says: “If God is unwilling to sanction this kind of close method on the whole of hers, that piece lost paradise have value can speak either because this kind does not conform to normal baptism then.” Therefore Tess believes if religion is true, equal, then have the so-called paradise, if the religion is unfair to people, is hypocritical, this is whatshe’s judgment of the religion false, at the same time it is the resistance of the hypocritical religion too, she believes real religion is true, real religion should adhere rigidly to the form, norm, otherwise would rather not believe. The above behaviors and speech have proved Tess to the hypocritical resistance of one side of religion effectively. She despises to the representative of religion hypocritical, and it shows her spirit of revolt extremely especially to hypocritical religion.1.4Resistance to the Unfortunate Marriage1.4.1The Unfortunate MarriageUnder parents’advice, under the pressure of the family life, Tess has entered into d’Urbervilles home, the haggling business, which had mainly depended on the horse, became disorganized forthwith. Durbeyfield was what was locally called a slack-twisted fellow, he had good strength to work at times, but the times could not be relied on to coincide with the hours of requirement. And having been unaccustomed to the regular toil of the day laborer, he was not particularly persistent when they did so coincide. Tess, meanwhile, as the one who had dragged her parents into this quagmire, was silently wondering what she could do to help them out of it, and then her mother broached her scheme go. And it is unfortunate to suffer, but she didn’t want marry Alec, which would save her misfortune by obtaining the marriage. She still wants to pursue the real happiness and marriage. So, she met Clare, fall in love with him, and combine with him. In order to live in a happy life with Angel, she tried every means to forget her sad past and treat him sincerely. After Angel knows she was raped by Alec, their relationship is torn apart, and Angel Clare leaves for Brazil, then Tess has finally been forced to marry Alec. She never feels happy in the marriage with Alec. That is the unfortunate marriage she has. She wouldrather bear the shame sign of “woman losing virginity,”stands enormous social pressure and terrible discrimination, than to violate her own true feelings and spoil her own true love.1.4.2Resistance Tess to the Unfortunate MarriageTess of the D’Urbervilles, has a subtitle, “a pure woman”. This proves Tess’s unfortunate fight of marriage. She thinks the losing of the virgin’s chastity does not mean losing the purity of the love. So she again and again asks Angel: “I thought, Angel, that you loved me--me, my very self! If it is I you do love, O how can it be that you look and speak so? It frightens me! Having begun to love you, I love you forever--in all changes, in all disgraces, because you are yourself. I ask no more. Then how can you, O my own husband, stop loving me?” She does not think that love must be equivalent to chastity, but believes that real love should be the idea of abandoning common customs, natural, simple and honest. Though she fails to get understanding from Clare at the beginning when she was ready for the happy marriage that she dreams of, she never give up, still veining for a gleam of hope for the happy marriage. However, finally she could not get rid of the evil force. Before she gets pardon from Angel, she falls into inferior trap of Alec. She killed Alec. Obtain unprecedented ease and freedom. Tess has a happiest time while catching. She leaves happily finally. She has been lived again on younger sister, who get real purity marriage without prejudice and common customs.Chapter Two Tess’s Natural Instincts —Compromise, a New Woman and a Pure Woman2.1 Tess’s Compromise to AlecAfter Tess’s horse died, her life is change. In order to support her family, she has to live with Alec. When Tess comes across with Alec near four years later in the village of Ever Head, though Alec D’Urbervilles seems first to have undergone a remarkable transformation from a rake into a pious and religious man, he discards this posture so effortlessly and quickly that it seems to have been a superfluous charade. Alec can escape legal sanctions, unaffected. He represents a larger moral principle rather than a real individual man. Like Satan, Alec symbolizes the base forces of life that drive a person away from moral perfection and greatness. Tess continues to suffer as a social outcast because of a disgrace that is much more Alec’s fault than hers, yet the hypocritical Alec has the luxury to repent and even win acceptance as a preacher. Tess’s plight as a woman thus appears incredibly unjust, stressing “The Woman Pays”. So, Tess is observant and distrusting of Alec, and she views his conversion as a plot to win her back. She has learnt her lesson about risking herself and her happiness for the sake of money. She is much stronger woman now and is more knowledgeable about conniving men, especially Alec. This strength deters Alec and makes him feel weaker and more vulnerable because his plot is not working.Her second compromise to Alec is when she lives with Alec again, while enduring the abandoned life, as Tess struggles with Alec’s temptation, her need for Angel, becomes more and more desperate. If Angel were to return to her and do his duty as her husband, her problems would greatly diminish. She writes to Angel and pleads that he not judges her onher irretrievable past. Tess’s situation thus makes her very vulnerable to Alec’s persuasions. She is obviously heartbroken and needs to be loved more than ever. She is also distraught by her family’s ever-worsening financial situation. Alec’s reasoning seems more valid to Tess than it has in the past. In a way, Tess and Alec are similar in that they have both fallen and ask for forgiveness for their indiscretions. After a long wait for Angel’s reply, but nothing, Tess begins to realize that Alec may be her only hope. She gives up all hopes and becomes Alec’s mistress for the sake of her family. Tess’s love is not given the spirit of transcendence and physical beauty, but with the loss of self-emaciated blind and miserable, unrealistic to imagine that there is no hope with the chessboard, and all are attributable to the self-destiny of the fate and helplessness. Her life is not worthwhile to an attachment that her man and this is a profound tragedy. When she feels the opinions of all the sacrifices so insignificant, as all acts of levity, finally decides to angrily rebel. Of course, Tess once expressed her plainness angrily by the last letter to Angel under a completely disappointed condition. ”O why have you treated me so monstrously, Angel! I do not deserve it. I have thought it all over carefully, and I can never, never forgive you! You know that I did not intend to wrong you-why you so wronged me? You are cruel, cruel indeed! I will try to forget you. It is all injustice I have received at your hands.”Even when Angel comes back with love and loyalty to ask for her forgiveness, she says to him: “Too late, too late!”“Don’t come close to me, Angel!” All of these are still not Tess’s real intentions from her posterior acts. When she stays with Angel while escaping to be arrested, she says: “I want you to go on loving me. I’m afraid you might reject me one day for what I’ve done. Then I would rather be dead I must have been mad to kill him! But I don’t want to be alive when you reject me for it”. 4 Because she is disappointed with Angle, so she compromise to Alec.2.2 A New WomanTess is a new woman because she leaves her husband and lives with Alec. When she first meets Clare again, she does not dare to leave Alec, her current love, because she has committed adultery before marriage .When Clare turns back to Tess and finds her, he still notices the pure outlook of Tess.” Her great natural beauty was, if not heightened, rendered more obvious by her attire.” Her beauty cannot be covered, but she does not think she could live with Angle, she lives with Alec and becomes Mrs. D’Urbervilles at the moment. “She had not come forward, remaining still in the opening of the doorway.” She rather not goes near Angle. She reminds Angle “too late”. However, “her voice sounding hard through the room, her eyes shine unnaturally.”This shows that she still has good feeling with Clare .Gradually, she shouted, “I hate him now, because he told me a lie-that you would not come again; and you have come!” She is disappointed because she thinks that Clare would not look for her. She hates Alec because she loves Clare. Although she again asks Clare to go away, her loves makes Clare strong. She is fighting for her own way. She breaks through the convention because she is not submissive or docile. She is fortitudinous self-dependent. Tess is seduced by Alec, she is pregnant and has a son who dies in infant. Refused by a priest, Tess baptizes her son with the help of her sisters and brothers, and buries him herself. Without hesitation, Tess goes to a farm as a dairymaid. There she meets and marries to Angel. But Angel abandons her relentlessly after he knew her past. When she is conscious that Angel will never forgive her, she returns home. In order to hide this truth, she bravely leaves home again for work. These show her courage for live. She do not complain but want a new life. There is a setting in the novel about Tess finds several wounded birds. “Poor darlings-to suppose myself the most miserable being on earth in the sight of such misery as yours!”5 She exclaimed. And not a twinge of bodily pain about me! I be not mangled, and I be not bleeding, and I have two hands to feed and clothe me…The another setting is the description about Flintcomb-Ash “The stubborn soil around her showed plainly enough thatthe kind of labor in demand here was of the roughest kind, but it was time to rest from searching, and she resolved to stay,”These two settings reveal Tess’s fortitude and self-dependence.Tess is full of rebel spirit. It mostly is displayed in the relation between Tess and Alec. At the blush Tess dislikes Alec. No regard of his blandishments, she leaves him angrily after she is seduced by him. Later, when they meet again, Tess finds Alec suddenly changes his identity to be a priest. Tess feels it’s a great irony to religion. So she uncovers his filthy inbeing with the acid-tongued words. “Have you saved yourself? Charity begins at home, they say.”“…You, and those like you, take your fill of pleasure on earth by making the life of such as me bitter and black with sorrow, and then it is a fine thing, when you have had enough of that, to think of securing your pleasure in heaven by becoming converted! Out upon such-I don’t believe in you-I hate it!” In order to stop Alec’s pestering again, Tess hits him by her glove. At last, she wakes up to that she has been ruined completely by Alec, she takes up a knife and kill Alec in desperation. She is not submissive to man. She shouts to Alec when Clare has gone. “You had used your cruel persuasion upon me…I have lost him now-again because of you! You have torn my life all in pieces…made me is what I prayed you in pity not to make me be again! My own true husband will never-O God-I can’t bear this! I cannot!” Her shouting greatly indicates her character of a new woman. She dares to express her anger in front of her husband because she wants to fight for her true love. She does not want to be suppressed in such a patriarchal society. She is a representative of a new woman.2.3 A Pure WomanTess was born in a family of a poor rural tradesman, this is the reason why she is pure. T here were many children in her family. Her father drank a lot and didn’t work hard and her mother herself liked a child and never thought about the future. In order to earn some money, Tess and her little brother Abby had to set off with the beehives on the early morning. But unfortunately, the poor “Prince”, an old horse, the only possessive of her family died on the way. Who could support the family without “Prince”? Life became rather difficult for the Durbeyfields. Tess was so kind that she wondered how she could help her parents all day. But what she could do only was to look after the children and do some housework. Her mother sent her to claim kin with a distant relative of noble D’Urbervilles family in the hope of changing the poor and miserable condition of the family. Here she did not expect to have the life of the upper–class, she only wanted to work hard to support her family. Because of her pure she does not Alec is a bad man, so she was seduced under the circumstance of her innocence when they were lost in the forest. Tess lost her girlish purity. But we could not accept that it was Tess’s fault. As the people of her village said, “It was to be”. From then on, Tess’s life was to be completely different.For the sake of her family, she spared no effort to devote herself. After being deserted by Angel, her family was in trouble. Her father died of illness. Her mother was ill seriously. Her brother and sister were unable to go to school. The whole family begged along the street. In this case, Tess had to live together with Alec to improve her family’s living condition. It seemed that she was not a pure woman. But in that society and that time, women’s status was very low. They had no better way to earn a lot of money to support their family. So Tess had no choice but sacrifice herself in order to make the life of family improve. Tess is a selfless women, she still kept a noble spirit. In this sense, I think Tess was a pure woman.Chapter Three A personality of Tess ----Responsibilityand Honest3.1 Tess is Responsible for Her FamilyTess is able to bear great burdens placed upon her at a young age. She is between the ages of 16 and 23 when we read her tale. This ability to undergo so much at such a young age builds her character so that we see her as a powerful force in the novel. She accepts blame for Prince’s death; the death of her infant son, Sorrow; the loss of Angel and the destruction of her marriage; as well as her killing Alec with her own hands and leaving home three times in her life to “test the waters of the world” outside her village. Tess is a fresh country girl who is full of the sense of responsibility for her family because of father’s laziness and mother’s simple mindedness. The horse’s death let her think she is responsible for this accident and she must earn money to support her poor family. This guilt leads her to visit the D’Urbervilles and puts her into an uncertain and potentially dangerous situation. The death of her father adds her family’s eviction because her reputation makes it incumbent on her to act for her young brother and sisters. With no option, she bears sadness to live with Alec again. If not for Tess, the family may be very badly off indeed, but Tess’s self-sacrifice gains nothing except a series of blame.Tess came back home again after Angel’s leaving. She sent all her money to her poor family. Then she had to bear a heavy family’s burden again. In order to get enough food to keep herself and her family alive, she left Marlette again looking for work. She found irregular diary work for the spring and summer. It was so hard a job that once she was near to faint. And after the death of her father, her family had to leave their cottage. However,they had nowhere to live. Tess could not endure the burden of the life any more. In order to support the life of her family, she had no choice but to live with Alec again as his mistress.“Tess’s acute sense of responsibility, which may lead to the assumption of tasks to be done or to the sense of guilt for things done or left undone, is a strongly unifying element.”6 She first felt “self-reproach” for staying so long at the dance, and “remorse” for her mother’s labor in getting her frock ready. When her father was drunk, she took the wagon on an all-night trip toward the market. She fell asleep, and the horse was killed. Because she felt responsible, she undertook another venture that she disliked---visiting the D’urbervilles in the hope of improving the family fortunes. She always had a feeling of responsibility for her family’s difficulties. That was why she endured so many pains.She might had a comfortable life with the money Angel left for her, she might had a normal and happy life as other maidens if she refused to visit the D’urbervilles, but the character of endurance and responsibility made her did everything for her poor family.3.2 Tess is Honest to Her LoveTess’s true and pure love to Clare drives her to break the convention. She says, “I never loved him at all, Angel, as love you…Angel will you forgive my sin against you, now I have killed him?” Her ending of her relationship by means by murdering is unconventional. She can do anything even murders others just for her true love. She says, “O yes! I could walk forever and ever with your arm round me.” Although she is in a tough situation, her love for Clare is concrete and this drives her mad. She says again, “I feel strong enough to walk any distance.” Her love forces her to break-through. Her character of a new woman is clearly shown. Tess undergoes her self-discovery journey to look for her own happiness. Tess is free from the marriage convention after her killing Alec. She does not feel sad。
苔丝形象的分析与悲剧命运的解读
苔丝形象的分析与悲剧命运的解读苔丝·杜布莱维尔，是托马斯·哈代创作的小说《苔丝·杜布莱维尔》中的主人公，她的形象和命运引发了广泛的讨论和解读。
本文将对苔丝的形象进行分析，并对她的悲剧命运进行解读。
首先，苔丝的形象可以被概括为既脆弱又坚韧的女性。
她出生在贫穷的家庭中，从小生活在农村。
她渴望改变自己的命运，努力上进，成为一个独立自主的女性。
她聪明、勤奋，深受雇主弗罗伊上校的喜爱。
然而，她遭遇了一系列的不幸。
从她婚姻的失败，到她的孩子的死亡，再到她爱慕的弗罗伊上校的背叛和死亡。
这一切的悲剧命运使苔丝变得更加坚强，但最终她无法摆脱命运的束缚，最终导致了她的自杀。
苔丝的形象也体现了时代的社会问题和对女性的压迫。
她生活在十九世纪末的英国社会，女性的社会地位相对较低，他们注定要被男性统治和控制。
尽管苔丝努力追求自己的梦想并追求爱情，但她最终被命运和社会的压迫击垮。
她的命运被周围的社会环境所限制，她的努力和坚持无法改变现实。
她的悲剧命运展现了当时女性所面临的社会问题，引发了对性别角色和平等的深思。
苔丝的形象也体现了作者对人性和命运的思考。
她是一个拥有光明和美好的内心的女性，但她的命运却充满了黑暗和痛苦。
她的个人选择和她所处的环境存在着不可调和的冲突，这使她无法摆脱命运的安排。
苔丝是对人类命运的思考，她的悲剧命运让读者反思人生的意义和命运的力量。
最后，苔丝的命运也批判了社会的道德观念和伦理价值。
她所遭遇的悲剧并非都是由她个人的错误、弱点或行为所引起的。
她的命运是一个个别人性的集合，是伦理体系的罪恶。
托马斯·哈代通过苔丝的命运暗示了社会伦理体系存在的问题，批判了社会对个人自由和幸福的压迫。
总之，苔丝·杜布莱维尔的形象和命运在《苔丝·杜布莱维尔》中扮演着重要的角色。
她的形象既体现了女性的脆弱又表现出坚韧，她的命运引发了对社会问题和个人命运的思考。
通过苔丝，读者可以看到对社会、人性和伦理观念的批判，并追问人生的意义和命运的力量。
苔丝的性格悲剧
苔丝的性格悲剧苔丝的悲剧，是性格的悲剧。
不可否认，苔丝是勇敢的。
她敢于大胆地反抗传统道德、追求幸福，然而她却不能彻底摆脱传统道德对自身的羁绊，这又表现了她性格软弱的一面。
她在受到世俗舆论、传统道德戕害的同时，可悲的是她同样用这一道德标准来静观自己，这就使她的悲剧显得更浓重、更深沉。
同时，苔丝是暴力的受害者，是无辜的。
她虽明白这一点，但是在受到乡里人非议的同时，她也认为自己是“有罪”的。
她“根据陈腐无聊的习俗，布置了不同情自己的形体和声音”，用“一堆使自己无故害怕的道德精灵”来恐吓自己。
即使在大自然中间，“老是把自己看作一个罪恶的化身，侵犯了清白的领地”。
这种静观的结果，必然造成她内在的自我折磨和谴责，因此，使她所受的磨难，所遭受的不幸和痛苦，就更加沉重和强烈。
苔丝按照传统的贞操观来衡量自己的清白与否，她比别人更不能忘记自己的“耻辱”。
几年过去了，随着岁月的流失，村子里的人几乎不大记得她的遭遇了，“但是她看得很明白，她在那儿就老得难受。
”她远离亲人、故乡来到无人知道的塔布篱，为的就是忘掉自己的过去。
克莱的爱使她感到幸福，可是在体验到幸福的同时，感受到更多的是内心的痛苦与折磨，是恐惧、不安、悔恨和羞耻。
这一切都表明苔丝无法忘记过去，更无法卸掉背在自己身上沉重的精神十字架。
她似乎天生灵魂有罪，注定永远受折磨，永远遭痛苦，心灵永远不的平静。
这种“灵魂有罪”，使她负疚、自责，使她即使被克莱无情抛弃，也认为是自己的罪过，默默忍受命运的摆布。
因此，她在遭到世俗舆论、传统道德迫害的同时，又受制于它的道德准则，毫不留情地责难自己；她在大胆地反抗传统道德的同时，又囿于它的观念成为传统维护者。
这就从更深层次上表现了传统道德对苔丝人性的迫害、心灵的扭曲。
唯有如此，作品的批判力量才更强烈、苔丝的悲剧才更震撼人心。
苔丝是个纯情高洁的乡村田园姑娘，她集人类美貌、善良、聪慧、勤劳、坦诚、坚贞于一身。
但是，这样一个优秀、突显的女性，她的不幸正表现了她那性格力量的事件，造成她的不可避免的堕落。
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苔丝的人物性格分析[权威资料] 苔丝的人物性格分析
【摘要】英国著名作家哈代笔下的苔丝是一个美丽善良、质朴纯洁、敢于和封建落后思想斗争的农村妇女。
但是由于苔丝出生的时代背景，以及她在性格上的软弱和思想上的妥协致使其超出了自己能够承受的能力范围，最终沦为了一个封建道德的一个牺牲品。
本文将以苔丝的性格特点入手来分析造成其悲剧命运的根源。
【关键字】苔丝;性格分析
引言:《德伯家的苔丝》是英国作家哈代的一部具有强烈现实讽刺意味的作品，同时它也是英国十九世纪后期批判现实主义的代表作。
威伯评价它是“英国文学中最伟大的作品之一”。
小说讲述了一位纯洁、善良、坚强并具有反抗精神的农村少女苔丝短暂而悲惨的一生。
鲁迅曾经说过:“悲剧是展示人们对有价值事物的破坏。
”【1】在小说中，苔丝敢于反抗当时社会的不公，却不能彻底摆脱传统道德对自身的羁绊，她的不幸遭遇主要是由女主人公的性格和心理矛盾造成的。
本文将重点从苔丝的性格入手来分析造成悲剧的根源。
一.小说梗概
《德伯家的苔丝》塑造了一个善良、坚强的传统女性形象―苔丝，讲述了这样一个农家女子所经历过的悲惨遭遇:她热爱生活，向往忠贞的爱情，勇敢地面对窘境;她靠自己的努力去生活。
她却在一生中遭遇了接连的打击。
去特兰陵一个有钱的德伯维尔老太太那里去认亲，不料，被德伯维尔老太太的儿子亚力克奸污了有了身孕。
为此，苔丝受到了村民的嘲讽，不久刚出生的孩子也意外夭折。
濒临绝望的苔丝来到了一家奶牛场工作，并邂逅了在这里工作的克莱尔。
她们迅速陷入了爱河。
在结婚的那天晚上，苔丝讲述了
自己的往事，但是丈夫克莱尔却并不理解苔丝的苦衷，丢下了苔丝远走高飞。
后来她的父亲逝世，一家人无依无靠，这时亚历克趁虚而入来纠缠不休，苔丝不得已委身于他。
克莱尔突然归来使苔丝受刺激最造成了她杀死亚历克的结局。
她的一生虽然短暂，但是种种悲惨遭遇却令人唏嘘不已。
“没有一个人不在读了《德伯家的苔丝》之后而不流下同情的眼泪，也没有人读了它以后而不具有宽大的胸怀和慈悲的精神”。
【2】因此，这本说具有极强的现实意义与教育意义。
二.苔丝的性格形象分析
哈代笔下塑造的苔丝是一名善良淳朴、勤劳勇敢、热爱生活的英国传统妇女形象。
苔丝对爱情专一、忠贞，对家庭能勇于承担责任，然而不公平的社会观念和自身的性格弱点致使苔丝这样一个善良的女子，在于命运抗争的过程中只能无奈的屈服，最终走向了灭亡，沦为了资本主义社会的牺牲品。
2.1 苔丝的人物性格在文章中的体现
2.1.1 热爱生活、勤劳善良、质朴单纯
苔丝虽然出身于封建没落的小贵族世家，但是不愿意去投靠冒牌的本家，但是无奈于父母肤浅的见识:“假使德北家的家主公和家主婆，成心要把这条船往困难、灾祸、冻饿、疾病、耻辱、死亡里面开去.那这半打关在统舱里的小囚犯，也只得跟着他们一同前去”【3】这预示着苔丝的父母的给孩子们带来的将更多的人生痛苦。
虽然家境贫寒，但是她认为自己的一切都是“农民出身的母亲给她的”，所以苔丝保留了一个传统妇女淳朴的性格写真，例如哈代在描写苔丝在劳作
时:“她捆麦子的动作，进行得像钟表一样地单调，她从刚捆好的一抱麦子里，抽出一把麦穗儿来，用左手的手掌，把麦穗头儿拍齐了，再弯腰往前，双手把一抱麦子拢到膝盖，把戴着手套的左手插到那一抱麦子底下，和那一抱麦子那一面的右手合拢，像情人一般，把一抱麦子整个抱住，
再把绳子的两头拉到一块儿，跪在那把麦子上把它系好”【4】(P144)哈代通过苔丝在农场中的劳作的细腻表现，为我们展示了苔丝质朴、纯真的自然本性和吃苦耐劳，热爱生活，勇于承担家庭的重任。
但是随着生活愈发艰难，她四处打短工来维持生计。
从苔丝的所作所为看出她勤劳善良的品质。
而当苔丝失身后遭到村民的讥笑嘲讽时，也能独自承受不幸，带着弟妹们继续生活，哈代通过一系列细腻的描写充分体现了苔丝坚强勇敢的精神品质。
2.1.2 对爱情的忠贞无二和坦诚相待
很快苔丝喜欢上了克莱尔，痛苦不堪的苔丝回想起过去的往事害怕克莱尔接受不了她的过去，于是克制自己的情感与克莱尔刻意保持距离。
为了克莱尔的幸福，甚至还帮他介绍其他女孩子。
经过几番纠结之后的苔丝，终于又决定和克莱尔在一起。
新婚之夜，两人互相坦白彼此的过去，苔丝不希望自己对爱情有不忠选择了告诉这一切给丈夫，克莱尔听后一时无法接受，远走巴西。
因为家庭发生变故，苔丝不得不再次投向亚历克。
后来，克莱尔回国后，苔丝为了能再次和克莱尔在一起，于是决定杀死亚历克。
用生命去换回原本属于自己的爱情。
2.1.3 内心极具有反抗意识
小说中的苔丝是一个传统的农家女子形象，单纯善良朴实的品质，对爱情的不懈追求与憧憬，为了自己的爱情拿生命做代价。
在苔丝身上，我们不仅能看到威赛克斯人的传统美德，更能体会出强烈的反抗意识。
在生下了孩子以后，由于思想文化的落后，那里的牧师拒绝给孩子洗礼，最后依然决定自己为孩子洗礼。
当地人愚昧无知的做法与苔丝的行为构成鲜明的对比。
故事的结局苔丝为了重新与克莱尔和好，远离亚历克的摆布，杀死了亚历克，此时苔丝的反抗意识达到了整个小说顶峰。
2.1.4 内心的软弱妥协
由于传统观念的束缚，苔丝自身的性格弱点也是造成其命运悲剧的一个方面。
在面对自己喜欢的爱人时，竟然一味地自我贬低、退让，来乞求克莱尔。
“我会像奴隶一样服从你，哪怕你要我躺下去死”【5】(P205)。
在爱情面前两人的地位应该是对等的，但是面对克莱尔，苔丝就像莎士比亚描述的“在爱情面前，女人是愚蠢的”的那样，失去了自我，这种爱情观念也为后边的悲剧埋下了伏笔。
虽然苔丝有一定的反抗意识，但是却深受迂腐的传统道德观念影响。
在克莱尔由于自己失身而惨遭抛弃后，苔丝竟然并不怨恨，而是一味地责备自己。
因此在反抗道德观念的过程中，又处处无意识地维护了它。
2.2 影响苔丝性格的内在因素 2.2.1苔丝的性格特征
苔丝天生善良淳朴，身上散发着劳动人民的优良美德，乐观而勇敢坚强。
但性格上的软弱和妥协致使受到落后思想的迫害，被旧思想牢牢地钉在了十字架无法动弹。
她的命运被蒙上了一层悲剧的面纱。
威塞克人最值得称赞的地方就是那种最淳朴的情怀―“对生存的渴求和向往”，而这个也与苔丝的悲惨幸运形成了强烈的反差。
2.2.2旧社会的受教育程度
苔丝出身于农民家庭，成长的时代恰处于当时社会动荡时期，新旧观念的融合使她受到封建道德的无情批判。
旧时资本主义时期的教育差距是很大的，农民的受教育水平很低，文化层次普遍偏低。
所以苔丝深受封建思想教育的影响，这种思想也为对苔丝后来的悲惨命运埋下了伏笔。
三.结语
哈代用其精湛熟练的艺术手法，为读者呈现了一个凄惨命运的农村女子坎坷一生，与命运顽强地作斗争。
苔丝婚姻的惨淡令人叹息，看似是一个普通女子的悲哀，实则是当时整个社会的悲哀。
小说通过对苔丝曲折命运的细写反映当
时社会封建腐朽的思想，借苔丝对社会的反抗意识批判了伪善的资产阶级宗教和不公正的法律制度同时来表达自己对封建思想的不满。
哈代塑造了一个善良淳朴，对家人有强烈的责任感，对爱情美好的憧憬的女主人公形象。
但最后杀死亚历克把故事推向了高潮，小说中苔丝对封建落后思想，及腐朽的制度的反抗展现得淋漓尽致。
哈代认为，人们在冷酷的现实面前无力摆脱命运的恶意捉弄。
【6】命运作祟再加上罪恶的传统道德观念和伪善的人性，一步步地将她推向了覆灭的深渊，令人扼腕叹息。
参考文献:
[1] 鲁迅.鲁迅全集:第1卷.北京:人民文学出版社，1981
[2] Carl J.Weber，Iqa,ay of Wessex:His Life and LiteraryCareer，New York:Columbia University
Press，1940.
[3] 哈代.伯家的苔丝.张释若详[M] 上海:海外语教育出版杜.2000
[4] 哈代.德伯家的苔丝[M].张谷若，译，北京:人民文学出版社，1957.
[5] 托马斯.哈代德伯家的苔丝.毛桂荣姜淑萱，译，航空工业出版社，2007.2 中国版本图书馆CIP数据核字(2006)第160369号
[6] 张良村等.世界文学.天津:天津人民出版社，1998.
作者简介:
孙静名族:汉族出生日期:1995/11/19;所在学校:重庆师范大学涉外商贸学院学院专业:外国语学院英语(师范)
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