训练02
统编版小学语文三年级下册期末复习专项训练题02——课外阅读理解(一)(含答案+详细解析)
统编版小学语文三年级下册期末复习专项训练题02——课外阅读理解（一）（含答案+详细解析）期末复习专项训练02——课外阅读理解（一）班级：_________ 姓名：__________一、现代文阅读阅读文章，完成练习。
五彩池我小时候听奶奶讲，西方有座昆仑山，山上有个瑶池，那是天上神仙住的地方；池里的水好看极了，有五种颜色，红的、黄的、绿的、蓝的、紫的。
奶奶是哄着我玩儿，我却当作了真的，真想有一天能遇上神仙，跟着他腾云驾雾，飞到那五彩的池边去看看。
没想到今年夏天去四川松潘旅游，在藏龙山上，我真的看到了像瑶池那样神奇的五彩池。
那是个晴朗的日子，我乘汽车来到藏龙山，只见mǎn shān bi àn yě都是大大小小的水池。
无数的水池在灿烂的阳光下，闪耀着各种不同颜色的光辉，好像是铺展着的巨幅地毯上的宝石。
水池大的面积不足一亩，水深不过一丈；小的像个菜碟，水很浅，用小拇指就能触到池底。
池边是金黄色的石粉凝成的，像一圈圈彩带，把大大小小的水池围成各种不同的形状，有像葫芦的，有像镰刀的，有像盘子的，有像莲花的……更使我jīng qí的是，所有的池水来自同一条溪流，溪水流到各个水池里，颜色却不同了。
有些水池的水还不止一种颜色，上层是咖啡色的，下层却成了柠檬黄；左半边是天蓝色的，右半边却成了橄榄绿。
可是把水舀起来看，又跟pǔtōng的清水一个样，什么颜色也没有。
明明是清水，为什么在水池里会显出不同的颜色来呢？原来池底长着许多石笋，有的像起伏的丘陵，有的像险峻的山峰，有的像矗立的宝塔，有的像成簇的珊瑚。
石笋表面凝结着一层细腻的透明的石粉。
阳光透过池水射到池底，石笋就像高低不平的折光镜，把阳光折射成各种不同的色彩。
水池周围的树木花草长得很màoshèng，五光十色的倒影使池水更加瑰丽。
原来五彩的瑶池就在人间，不在天上。
1．根据拼音写出词语。
mǎn shān biàn yějīng qípǔpōng mào shèng(___) ( ) ( ) ( )2．根据文章内容填空。
八年级初中英语训练题及答案02
AComplete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格。
每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）：A．storeB．choicesC．keep in touchD．importantE．paperF．get sickG．manyH．reachesI．regularThe Most Useful Invention of All Time?Barbara—Saturday, April 13I am writing a 1 for my English class, and I need some ideas. What do you think is the most useful invention of all time? Thanks for your thoughts.RE 1: The Most Useful Invention of All Time?Cindy Wu—Saturday, April 13There are many—the phone, the car, the airplane, but these are not my 2 . For an everyday and useful invention, I vote for the air conditioner. I live in Hong Kong, and during the summer, the temperature 3 35℃ or more. The heat is terrible! Without air conditioning, people here can't work or study. A lot of people might also 4 without cool air.RE 2: The Most Useful Invention: The InternetJorge—Sunday, April 14The most useful inventions of all time are the Internet and the World Wide Web. We can now communicate with people and do business faster. I own a clothing 5 in Mexico City. I also have a website. Now, people from all over the world can buy my clothing using my web site. I can 6 with friends and family in Mexico and around the world using e-mail. It's faster than 7 mail, and it's cheaper than using the phone.RE 3: The Most Useful Invention: Yes, but ...Kazuo—Monday, April 15Jorge, I agree—the Internet is useful. But, in my opinion, there is an" invention" that is more important—electricity. Of course, this isn't a man-made invention, but people like Benjamin Franklin and Alessandro Volta learned how to use it. Without electricity, many of the World's most 8 inventions would not work.BChoose the best answer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）：The animal world is full of secrets and wonders. A rabbit can be as big as a dog. Can sharks walk? Do these stories sound unbelievable? Scientists have found they are true. Here are some interesting animal stories.A strange dolphinIf you have seen dolphins at the zoo, you'll know that they usually have two fins（鳍）. Their fins look like other mammals' arms or front legs. Recently people found an unusual dolphin in Japan. It has an extra pair of fins near its tail, about the size of human hands. Japanese fishermen caught one of these dolphins. Scientists say its extra fins are a sign that long ago dolphins lived on land and had more than two fins.A walking sharkCan sharks walk? Some in Indonesia can. Scientists found two new kinds off the coast of Indonesia. They are able to" walk" with their fins along coral reefs （珊瑚礁）. These sharks are more than a metre long. They feed on shrimps （虾）, crabs（螃蟹）and small fish. If they get scared, they can swim away.Monster rabbitHow big is your pet rabbit? A monster（妖怪）rabbit can be a lot bigger than your pet. A monster rabbit may weigh more than 15 kg and may be over a metre long. Recently a monster rabbit was found in England. People say that its footprints are larger than a deer's. Farmers try to catch it because it has destroyed their plants. Some think that the monster rabbit is a home rabbit. It ran away from its owner later.1．Japanese fishermen caught a dolphin ________.A．with two finsB．with a pair of finsC．with four pairs of finsD．with four fins2．From the passage we know the dolphins ________.A．lived in water long time agoB．used to live on the landC．had many finsD．had human hands3．Two new kinds of sharks off the coast of Indonesia will when they are scared ________.A．walk awayB．dieC．swim awayD．eat small fish4．Some people think the monster rabbit is ________.A．a home rabbitB．a monsterC．a dogD．a deer5．Why do farmers try to catch this monster rabbit?A．Because farmers want to own it as a pet.B．Because farmers like to play with it.C．Because it is very lovely.D．Because it often destroys farmers' plants.6．From this passage we can find that the animal world is ________.A．harmful to peopleB．too strange to live inC．full of dangerD．full of interesting thingsCChoose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）：Romonosov was born in a fisher's family in Alhangarsk province, Russia. The family being very poor, he was not able to go to school. Uncle Yeliama, a neighbour of some culture liked 1 Romonosov very much; he taught Romonosov to understand many words on the sand beach.Romonosov went to Moscow for study at the age of 19. He had been 2 by schools for several days, because all the schools he visited only enrolled（招收）the children of the noble family. At that time, he 3 that a tutor（家庭教师）was in demand in the family of Dujikov, the secretary officer in Moscow. And Romonosov went for the employment.He was approved（认可）as soon as the officer asked him," Young man, why did you come here? ""For 4 . ""Which school? ""My family is very poor. No school would like to enroll me. ""Then, start the teaching for my son 5 today, right? And your study will be concerned by chance. "So, Romonosov came to the family of Dujikov for tutoring the 16 aged son, Bechika. Half a year later, Bechika was going to school for formal study. For accompanying（陪伴）Bechika, Dujikov made a proof to say that Romonosov was a noble. Then, Romonosov was allowed to accompany Bechika for study. Thus, Romonosov who loved study so much entered the 6 of university.1．A．strongB．importantC．lazyD．clever2．A．acceptedB．failedC．refusedD．needed3．A．heardB．foundC．feltD．watched4．A．gameB．studyC．medicineD．hope5．A．becauseB．soC．sinceD．but6．A．wallB．gateC．windowD．holeDRead the passage and fill in the blanks with suitable words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。
骨盆骨折个案护理
3
总结经验教训
在康复训练过程中，医护人员应及时总结经验教 训，不断完善康复训练计划和方法，提高骨盆骨 折患者的康复质量。
05 骨盆骨折的并发症预防与护理
预防感染
保持伤口清洁干燥
定期更换敷料，保持伤口周围 的皮肤清洁，避免潮湿环境。
严格执行无菌操作
在护理过程中，应遵循无菌原 则，避免交叉感染。
监测体温和血象变化
营养支持
保证充足的营养摄入，特别是蛋白质的补充 ，以支持肌肉生长和修复。
06
骨盆骨折患者的营养与饮食护 理
营养需求评估
评估患者的营养状况
通过观察患者的体重、身高、皮褶厚 度等指标，以及实验室检查如血浆蛋 白、血红蛋白等，评估患者的营养状 况。
确定营养需求
根据患者的年龄、性别、身高、体重 、活动量等因素，结合骨折愈合的特 殊需求，计算每日所需热量、蛋白质 、矿物质、维生素等营养成分。
，以免加重骨折。
监测生命体征
在转运过程中，密切监测患者的 生命体征，如呼吸、血压、心率 等，以便及时发现并处理异常情
况。
记录病情
详细记录患者的病情、受伤部位 、出血情况等信息，为后续治疗
提供依据。
院内急救护理
快速评估
到达医院后，医护人员会迅速对患者的伤情进行 评估，确定治疗方案。
止痛治疗
根据患者的疼痛程度，给予适当的止痛药物进行 治疗，以缓解疼痛。
03 骨盆骨折的急救护理
现场急救
止血
对于出血的伤口，应立即 使用干净的纱布或绷带进 行压迫止血，并抬高受伤 部位以减少出血。
固定
使用夹板或硬纸板等物品 对骨折部位进行固定，以 减轻疼痛和避免二次损伤 。
保暖
保ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้患者体温，避免因失 血过多而感到寒冷。
2020年高考八大语法易错点专项训练专题02动名词练习(英语 解析版)含答案
一、语法专项1. I certainly appreciate his ______ (tell)us about the delay in delivering the materials because we had planned to begin work tomorrow.2. These three college students are real heroes because they risked his ______ (lose) their own lives in order to save the drowning boys in the water.3. I really appreciate your ______ (lend) me the money to help me out.4. The married couple regularly discussed the life habits they find ______ (annoy) in each other.5. — What is it that made Peter so happy and excited?—______ (choose) as a volunteer for Shanghai 2010 World Expo.6. It is a common sense that ______(expose) for a long time in the sun might seriously damage you skin.7. Considering his poor health condition,the doctor insisted on ______ (he take) a go od rest before going back to work.8. ______ (expose) to radiation in the laboratory too often caused Marie Curie’s death.9. The children in Sichuan look forward with hope to ______ (get) a chance to receive further education in their rebuilt hometown.10. I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention ______ (promote) when we talked on the phone.11. Doctors warn people that ______ (control)anger through unnatural methods is much more harmful to a person’s health than the anger itself.12. — What was it that made Trump happy?— ______ (elect) the US President.13. Nowadays some parents regret not ______(spend) more time with their kids when they were young.14. The patient who had suffered from H1N1insisted on ______ (isolate) from others immediately, holding the belief that the disease would infect others.15. Those businesspersons are getting well prepared for the coming season, for they can’t risk ______ (lose) the good opportunity.16. The boy’s ______ (not do) the assignment made his father lose h is temper.17. ______ (finish) your homework by yourself is one of the effective ways to improve your grades.18. I can’t stand ______ (work) with Jane in the same office, as she is always talking, which distracts my attention.19. Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean ______ (accept) the action of the person who has offended you.20. It cost me a fortune, but I don’t regret ______ (spend) a year traveling around the world.二、语法填空The evidence for harmony may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents, which is the opposite of the popular?held image of unhappy teenagers (21) ______ (lock) in their room after endless family quarrels.An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past. “We were surprised by just (22) ______ positive today’s young people seem to be about their families,” said one member of the research team. “They’re e xpected to be rebellious and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds: They want a car and material goods, and they worry about whether school is serving them well. There’s (23) ______ (much) negotiation and discussion between parents and children, and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process. They don’t want to rock the boat.”So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago (24) _______ (treat) their children as friends. “My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me,” says17-year-old Daniel Lazall. “I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing.(25) ______ they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it.” Susan Crome, who is now 21, agrees. “Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of (26) ______you could call negotiation. For example, if I (27) ______(do) all my homework,I could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.”Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenage rebellion is not rooted in real facts. A researcher comments, “Our surprise (28) ______ teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in our social history(29) ______ teenagers were regarded as different beings. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents mainly happened during that onetime in the 1960s when everyone rebelled. The normal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the family business to(30) ______ (take) it over.”三、选词填空A. criticismB. discourageC. shiftsD. instituteE. industriousnessF. establishG. creditH. standardsI. accommodateJ. leavesK. demonstrateAlthough Henry Ford’s name is closely associated with the concept of mass production, he should receive equal ___31___ for introducing labor practices as early as 1913 that would be considered advanced even by today’s ___32___.Saf ety measures were improved, and the work day was reduced to eight hours,compared with the ten or twelve-hour day common at the time. In order to___33___ to the shorter work day, the entire factory was converted from two to three ___34___.In addition, sick ___35___ as well as improved medical care for those injured on the job were instituted. The Ford Motor Company was one of thefirst factories to develop a technical school to train specialized skilled laborers and an English language school for immigrants. Some efforts were even made to hire the handicapped and provide jobs for former convicts.The most widely acclaimed innovation was the five-dollar-a-day minimum wage that was offered in order to recruit and retain the best mechanics and to ___36___ the growth oflabor unions. Ford explained the new wage policy in terms of efficiency and profit sharing. He also mentioned the fact that his employees would be able to purchase the automobiles that they produced—in fact creating a market for the product. In order to qualify for the minimum wage, an employee had to establish a decent home and ___37___ good personal habits,including sobriety (沉静;严肃), thriftiness (节俭), ___38___, and dependability (可信任,可靠性).Although some ___39___ was directed at Ford for involving himself too much in the personal lives of his employees, there can be no doubt that, at a time when immigrants were being taken advantage of in frightful ways, Henry Ford was helping many people to ___40___ themselves in America.参考答案1.telling2.losing3.lending4.annoying5.Being chosen6.being exposed7.his taking8.Being exposed9.getting10.having been promoted11.controlling12.Being elected13.spending14.being isolated15.losing16.not having done17.Finishing18.working19.accepting20.spending21. locked22. how23. more24. to treat25. As long as26. what27. had done28. that29. when30. taking31—35 GHICJ 36—40 BKEAF三、阅读理解Plastic has become perhaps the most demonised material of the last 12 months, as the scale of pollution in the oceans becomes increasingly apparent.With dire predictions that if nothing is done there will be more plastic in the seas by weight than fish by 2050, it has become evident that we cannot recycle our way out of the plastic problem.More than 8m tonnes of plastic end up in our oceans each year. Meanwhile virgin plastic production continues apace and is set to to leap by 40% over the next 10 years as more products are made from virgin plastic than from recycled.But consumer pressure can force change. The Guardian revealed this year that supermarkets alone put 1m tonnes of plastic packaging on to the market.But they are increasingly aware that if their customers lose faith they will lose money. Almost a quarter of consumers surveyed earlier this year said they were extremely concerned about plastic packaging. More than half said they were doing what they could to reduce their use of plastic.In Australia, public pressure led many supermarkets this year to announce they were phasing out single-use plastic bags. These include Coles, Woolies and Harris Farm.Just producing plastic uses huge resources – it takes around 12m barrels of oil to make the 100bn plastic bags used annually in the United States alone.This year Britain’s Iceland supermarket has led the w ay – and others are beginning to follow suit. Iceland has pledged to eliminate plastic packaging on its own goods in five years.So what can you do to reduce your own plastic footprint and put pressure on supermarkets and manufacturers to move towards reuseable plastic items and hugely increase the amount of recycled plastic in their products? Here are 10 top tips:1. Start at home. Do a plastic audit of your household. Shower bottles, deodorants, washing up liquids, shampoo bottles. Aim to make reductions here by ditching shower gel for soap and the plastic cotton buds for recyclable ones; buy liquid detergent in recycled plastic bottles and find a refill station tofill them up. Shampoo bars and toilet paper in recycled packaging are also available.2. In the US, 1bn plastic toothbrushes are thrown out each year, creating some 50m pounds of waste. Try using bamboo toothbrushes instead which only take about six months to biodegrade back into the soil when you have to replace yourbrush.3. Carry reuseable fabric shopping bags.4.Try buying wholesale and putting dried products such as rice, pasta and lentils into glass jars to avoid buying products wrapped in plastic.5. Recycle old plastic children’s toys. Search for a toy library in yourarea to borrow from or donate to. And consider charity shops when looking for gifts.6. Carry a reuseable coffee cup or flask; 7m plastic-lined coffee cups are thrown away in the UK every day.7. Say no to plastic cutlery. Carry a fork with you or use a compostable alternative.8. Ditch cling film wrap for your food. It cannot be recycled in most UK collections. Foil is recyclable, so use foil instead or reuseable plastic boxes.9. Use an electric razor instead of plastic disposable one.10. Write to companies whose packaging is non-recyclable, asking them to consider using less destructive materials. Maybe even think about starting a social media campaign to raise awareness. Strength in numbers!•This article was a mended on 3 January 2019. An earlier version suggested that 12 moil barrels produced 100m plastic bags. That figure is more like 100bn bags. In addition, the estimate of 1bn plastic toothbrushes being thrown out each year relates just to the US, not globally. This has been corrected. It was further amended on 4 January 2019 to remove a reference to a branded product.Questions：1. According to this article, what impact plastic has had on the environment in the past months?A.The scale of pollution in the oceans becomes increasingly apparent.B.The species of fish have been reduced a lot.C.Polluted the air.D.Raising sea level.2. What can supermarkets do to reduce plastic pollution？A. Do not sell plastic products.B. No plastic packaged goods.C. Phasing out disposable plastic bags.D. Non-reusable plastic products.3.Which of the following is not true according to the passage?A. Plastics cannot be recycled.B. Virgin plastics are increasingly low in our daily lives.C. Consumers want to reduce the use of plastics.D. It takes a lot of resources to produce plastics.4.According to this article, which of the following methods can not reduce the use of plastics？A. Replace plastic toothbrush with bamboo toothbrush.B.Packaging goods with glass cans instead of plastic packaging.C.Do not use plastic tableware.D.Massive use of preservative film.5. Where can we see the passage?A. In NovelB.In Fashion magazineC. In Environmental magazineD. In Advertisement文章导读：本文选择《卫报》上关于人与自然环境之间的垃圾问题，网址为https:///environment/2019/jan/03/plastics-consumption-reduce-2019-10-easy-ways文章大意：本文主要讲了，塑料污染的严峻现实，以及随着塑料污染越来越严重，人们开始意识到要减少塑料的使用量。
2021年中考语文复习满分训练(02) 词语理解与运用
满分训练(二)词语理解与运用正误辨析型1.[2020·新疆]下列各句中加点成语使用不恰当的一项是()A.钟南山和李兰娟院士不顾高龄，心存大爱，逆行而上敢担当，成为家喻户晓．．．．的抗疫英雄。
B.产业扶贫能增强贫困地区的造血功能，有了稳定的脱贫政策，农民脱贫的信心与日俱增．．．．。
C.使用公筷公勺成为潮流，倍受市民推崇，这种“新食尚”不言而喻．．．．地成为时下餐桌文化。
D.沉静的心灵比暴烈的心灵要伟大得多，汪曾祺文如其人，他的文字自然隽永，耐人寻味．．．．。
2.[2020·遂宁]下列加点词语使用有误的一项是 ()A.科学的健身指导不仅能帮助健身者避开运动误区，还能让健身事半功倍．．．．。
B.家喻户晓．．．．的抗疫专家钟南山、李兰娟，为此次抗疫工作作出了突出贡献。
C.施工现场，机器声振聋发聩．．．．，工人们夜以继日，短短十天，一所高规格的传染病医院横空出世。
D.被誉为“佛中之圣、梵中之宝”的宝梵壁画笔力遒劲深厚，色彩鲜艳明丽，所绘法像103人，各具情态、栩．栩如生．．．，将天上人间融为一体，具有浓郁的生活气息和超凡的艺术魅力。
3.[2020·德州]下列加点的成语使用不正确的一项是()A.“糖葫芦，冰糖葫芦嘞……”这一声吆喝抑扬顿挫．．．．、邈远悠长，成了我们童年最甜蜜的回忆。
B.德州的夜市人声鼎沸．．．．，热闹异常。
小地摊给老百姓带来了便捷，也给城市生活增添了一丝烟火气息。
C.这哥俩儿性格铢两悉称．．．．：一个活泼开朗，一个不苟言笑。
D.诗书画印的结合，是中国画特有的艺术形式，可谓珠联璧合，相得益彰．．．．。
4.[2020·泰安]下列各句中加点成语运用正确的一项是()A.为了这一着，面对技术封锁，多少人处心积虑．．．．，青丝变白发。
B.我看了信，也很悲伤，不是为自己的颠沛流离．．．．，是想到十年来的社会现象……C.他“说”了。
说得真痛快，动人心，鼓壮志，气宇轩昂．．．．，声震天地!D.这些词使整个世界在我面前变得花团锦簇，妙趣横生．．．．。
一年级思维训练题02
南湖校区：87755018 21.叶老师去文具店买文具盒，用12元买了4个文具盒，照这样计算，36元钱可以买多少个文具盒？22.李奶奶家有5只白兔，3只灰兔，共有24个大萝卜，每只兔可以吃到几个大萝卜？23.哥哥买回3盒彩色铅笔，每盒6枝，分给小华和小丽两人，平均每人分多少枝？24.学校里买回足球23个，比买回的篮球多14个，学校里买回球共多少个？25.小白兔买来两篮苹果，一篮重28千克，比另一篮轻9千克，两篮苹果共重多少千克？26.小俊家住在13楼，小玲家比小俊家高8层楼，小明家比小玲家低5层楼，小明家住几楼？27、从花上飞走了6只蝴蝶，又飞走了5只，两次飞走了多少只？28、同学们要做10个灯笼,已做好8个，还要做多少个？29、飞机场上有15架飞机，飞走了3架，现在机场上有飞机多少架？30、学校原有5瓶胶水，又买回9瓶，现在有多少瓶？31、小苹种7盆红花，又种了同样多的黄花，两种花共多少盆？32、小强家有10个苹果，吃了7个，还有多少个？南湖校区：87755018 33、小朋友做剪纸，用了8张红纸，又用了同样多的黄纸，他们用了多少张纸？34、汽车总站有13辆汽车，开走了3辆，还有几辆？35、马场上有9匹马，又来了5匹，现在马场上有多少匹？36、商店有15把扇，卖去5把，现在有多少把？37、小青两次画了17个，第一次画了9个，第二次画了多少个？38、学校有兰花和菊花共15盆，兰花有6盆，菊花有几盆？39、小红家有苹果和梨子共13个，苹果有4个，梨子有多少个？40、家有11棵白菜，吃了5棵，还有几棵？41、学校要把12箱文具送给山区小学，已送去7箱，还要送几箱？42、一条马路两旁各种上48棵树，一共种树多少棵？43、从车场开走8辆大汽车，又开走同样多的小汽车，两次开走多少辆汽车？44、从车场开走8辆汽车，还剩24辆，车场原来有多少汽车？45、学校体育室有6个足球，又买来20个，现在有多少个？南湖校区：8775501846、学雷锋小组上午修了8张椅，下午修了9张，一天修了多少张椅？47、图书室里有20个女同学，有10个男同学，男同学比女同学少多少个？48、明明上午算了12道数学题，下午算了8道，上午比下午多算多少道题？49、动物园里有大猴20只，有小猴30只，小猴比大猴多多少只？50、花园里有兰花40盆，菊花60盆，兰花再种多少盆就和菊花同样多？。
查漏补缺热点梳理地理经典题训练 02(解析版)
一、知识规律回顾1.气温的分布规律(1)气温的时空分布规律①垂直变化：在对流层中，海拔每升高1 000米气温下降6℃；在平流层中，气温随海拔的升高而升高。
②气温的水平分布规律：(2)①大陆与海洋：大陆上气温日较差和年较差比同纬度海洋上大。
原因是大陆热容量小。
②阴天与晴天：阴天气温日较差比晴天小。
原因是白天多云，气温较晴天低；夜晚多云，气温较晴朗夜晚高。
③低纬与中高纬：纬度越高，气温年较差越大。
原因是中高纬地区夏季正午太阳高度大，白昼时间长，冬季相反，故冬夏季获得的热量差别很大；低纬地区一年中昼夜长短几乎相等，正午太阳高度的变化也小，各月热量的收支相差不大。
赤道洋面上气温年较差最小。
④平原与高原：高原地区地势高，大气稀薄，白天大气削弱作用和夜晚大气的保温作用都弱，昼夜温差大。
但因地势高，气温低，年温差小。
平原地区则相反。
2.常见的天气系统(1)锋面系统①冷锋：冷气团主动向暖气团移动，其天气变化过程如下。
②暖锋：暖气团主动向冷气团移动，其天气变化过程如下。
[特别提醒](1)锋面经过时一定会带来天气变化，但不一定产生降水。
当锋面上的暖气团比较干燥时，就不能形成降水。
如我国北方春季的沙尘暴天气。
(2)不论是冷锋还是暖锋，云雨区都出现在冷气团一侧。
(3)准静止锋是冷暖气流相遇作拉锯式移动的锋，如江淮准静止锋、昆明准静止锋。
往往形成阴雨连绵的天气。
(2)气旋和反气旋(3)南北半球的锋面气旋在南北半球的中高纬度地区，气旋与锋面系统叠加在一起形成锋面气旋。
南北半球的锋面气旋的比较说明如下表：(4)①空气的上升与下降：上升气流多雨、下降气流少雨。
②风向：从海上吹来，多雨，从陆地上吹来，少雨。
③地形：干旱地区高山相对降水较多，形成雨岛；干旱地区的盆地内部降水较少。
暖温气流的迎风坡多雨，背风坡少雨。
④洋流：暖流增温增湿，寒流降温减湿。
⑤纬度：气流由低纬流向高纬(如西风带)多雨，由高纬流向低纬(如信风、极地东风)少雨。
2020年中考语文专题复习一积累与运用专题02词语的理解运用专题训练（含答案）
1 专题训练(二) 词语的理解运用1.1.[2018·岳阳[2018·岳阳]依次填入下列句子横线处的词语依次填入下列句子横线处的词语,,最恰当的一项是 ( ) 所谓成功所谓成功,,就是专心的人彼此之间长期竞争而产生的 ,专心未必就能夺得冠军能夺得冠军,,还要看天分和机缘还要看天分和机缘,,然而在“专心”的行列里然而在“专心”的行列里, , 站在最后一名一名,,也还是置身于精英之列也还是置身于精英之列,,比那些玩忽怠惰比那些玩忽怠惰,,因循无知的人 很多。
很多。
A.A.结果结果 虽然 率先B.B.后果后果 即使 领先C.C.结果结果 即使 领先D.D.后果后果 虽然 率先2.2.[2018·滨州[2018·滨州]依次填入下面句子横线处的词语依次填入下面句子横线处的词语,,最恰当的一项是 ( ) 历史车轮 ,时代潮流 。
历史只会眷顾 、 、搏击者搏击者,,而不会等待犹豫者、懈怠者、畏难者。
而不会等待犹豫者、懈怠者、畏难者。
A.A.滚滚向前滚滚向前 浩浩荡荡 坚定者 奋进者B.B.滚滚向前滚滚向前 浩浩荡荡 奋进者 坚定者C.C.浩浩荡荡浩浩荡荡 滚滚向前 坚定者 奋进者D.D.浩浩荡荡浩浩荡荡 滚滚向前 奋进者 坚定者3.3.[2018·武汉[2018·武汉]依次填入下面横线处的词语依次填入下面横线处的词语,,恰当的一组是 ( )人们所肯定和赞赏的血性人们所肯定和赞赏的血性,,应当属于性格评价和审美取向的范畴。
血性是个 而又朴拙的词汇而又朴拙的词汇,,本身就具有张力和亢奋色彩。
因此在理解和使用上应该有所 ,否则就会混淆粗犷与 、豪壮与莽撞、文明与野蛮、人性与兽性。
蛮、人性与兽性。
A.A.古老古老 限制 粗野B .原始 界定 粗野 C.C.古老古老 界定 粗放D 原始 限制 粗放 4.4.[2018·广州[2018·广州]依次填入下列句子横线处的词语依次填入下列句子横线处的词语,,最恰当的一项是 ( ) 端午时节端午时节,,珠三角各地都会 组织龙舟竞赛组织龙舟竞赛,,广州市也会举办国际龙舟邀请赛。
统编版语文六年级上册期末复习专项训练题02——口语交际(含答案)
期末复习专项训练02——口语交际班级：_________ 姓名：__________1．口语交际。
眼睛是心灵的窗户，它让我们看到了外面精彩的世界，它映射着我们美好的心灵，它让光明常驻心间，它让生活缤纷多彩……可是，曾几何时，我们的双眼不再明亮如初。
针对这个现象，你有什么好的倡议？_________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________2．书法是中华民族的文化瑰宝，是人类文明的宝贵财富，是基础教育的重要内容。
学校举办了“走进书法，感受艺术”的主题活动，请你积极参与并完成下面练习。
（1）下列书法作品中，___________是柳公权的书法作品；___________是王羲之的书法作品。
（填序号）（2）分组讨论中，你作为组长，收集了组员们的以下讨论。
小林：笔正则心正。
学习书法的过程同时也是修炼人品的过程。
小韩：我很想学毛笔字，可就是写不好。
小曾：现在是网络时代，电脑、手机普及，各种字体都有，汉字书写好坏无所谓。
围绕活动主题，请说说你的看法。
_________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________3．观察下面的图片，回答问题。
小升初语文知识专项02：扩句和缩句(提升训练)
02.扩句和缩句专项训练（提升）一、句型转换1．按要求改句子。
（1）为了子孙后代，你们要献出自己的全部力量和情感来保护这片土地。
（改为反问句）（2）这条干涸的小河一年四季流水不断。
（修改病句）（3）这是一条河流。
（扩写句子）（4）在群星璀灿的宇宙中，地球就像．一叶扁舟。
（用加点词仿写句子）。
2.句子万花筒。
（按要求写句子）①狼牙山响起了他们壮烈豪迈的口号声。
把句子写简洁：________________________________________________②战士们完成任务。
把句子写具体：________________________________________________③五壮士的英勇壮举令我们感动。
不改成反问句：___________________________________________改成感叹句：_____________________________________________3．按要求写句子。
①父与子拥抱在一起。
把句子写具体：②救火队长挡住了他。
改成被字句：改成把字句：③人们都认为这位父亲因为失去了孩子过于悲痛，而精神失常了。
改成双重否定句：4.补充句子，使句子更具体。
1.同学们踢足球。
2.小明画图画。
3.老师批改作业。
5．按要求写句子。
1.加上合适的关联词，把两句话变成一句话。
我以后会在别的地方钓到鱼。
我不会钓到这么大的鱼了。
2.我和父亲得意地欣赏着这条漂亮的大鲈鱼。
（缩句）3.阳光洒满大地。
（扩句，最少两处）4.连这么小小的愿望都达不到，这是很可悲的事实。
（改为反问句）6．按要求改写句子。
⑴大雁飞。
（扩写）（2）爸爸微笑着抚摸孩子们的头。
（缩句）7．按要求改写句子。
1．四周围黑洞洞的，还不容易碰壁吗？改成陈述句：________________________________2．小树成长。
扩句（至少扩两处）：_________________________________3．他很累。
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姓名学号成绩
定时训2运动的合成和分解完成时间40分钟
一、选择题(每小题6分，共54分)
1.关于互成角度的两个初速度不为零的匀变速直线运动的台运动，下列说法中正确的是( )
A.一定是直线运动
B.一定是曲线运动
C.可能是直线运动，也可能是曲线运动
D.以上都不对
2.一人游泳渡河以垂直河岸不变的速度(相对水)向对岸游去，河水流动速度恒定.下列说法中正确的是
A.河水流动速度对人渡河无任何影响
B.人可以垂直到达对岸
C.由于河水的流动的影响，人到达对岸的时问与静水中不同
D.由于河水流动影响，人到达对岸的位置，向下游方向偏移
3.一船以恒定的速率渡河，水流速度恒定(小于船速)，要使船垂直到达对岸，则( )
A.船应垂直河岸航行
B.船的航行方向应偏向上游一侧
C.船不可能沿直线到达对岸
D.河的宽度一定时，船到对岸的时间是任意的
4.当船速大于水速时，关于渡船的说法中正确的是( )
A.船头方向斜向上游，渡河时间最短
B.船头方向垂直河岸，渡河时间最短
C.当水速变大时，渡河的最短时间变长
D.当水速变大时，渡河的最短时间变短
5.下列说法中正确的是( )
A.初速度为v0，加速度为a的匀加速直线运动，可以看做是速度为v0的匀速直线运动和初速度为零、加速度为a的匀加速商线运动的合成
B.竖直下抛运动可看做竖直向下的匀速直线运动和自由落体运动的合成
C.竖直上抛运动可看做竖直向上的匀速直线运动和自由落体运动的合成
D.以上说法都不对
*6.用跨过定滑轮的绳把湖中小船拉靠岸，如图所示，已知拉绳的速度v
不变，则船速( )
A.不变
B.逐渐增大
C.逐渐减小
D.先增大后减小
7.有关运动的合成，以下说法正确的是( )
A.两个直线运动的合运动一定是直线运动
B.两个不在一直线上的匀速直线运动的合运动一定是直线运动
C.两个初速度为零的匀加速直线运动的合运动一定是匀加速直线运动
D.匀加速直线运动和匀速直线运动的合运动一定足直线运动
8.小船在静水中的速度已知，今小船要渡过一条河，渡河时小船船头垂直指向河岸，若船行到河中间时，水流速度突然增大，则( )
A.小船渡河时间不变
B.小船渡河时间增加
C.小船到达对岸地点在预定点下游某处
D.无法确定渡河时问及到达对岸地点如何变化
图
1-2-2
二、填空题(每小题6分，共12分)
9.雨点以8m ／s 的速度竖直下落，雨中步行的人感到雨点与竖直方向成30°迎面打来，那么人行走的速度大小是________m ／s ．
10.河宽420m ，船在静水中的速度为4m ／s ，水流速度是3m ／s ，则过河的最短时间为________s ，最小位移为________m.
三、计算题(12、14题每题12分，13题10分，共34分)
11.小船匀速横渡一条河流，当船头垂直对岸方向航行时，在出发后的10min 到达对岸下游120m 处；若船头保持与河岸成α角向上游航行，在出发后12.5min 时到达正对岸求：(1)水流的速度；(2)船在静水中的速度；(3)河的宽度；(4)船头与河岸的夹角α．
12. 一辆车通过一根跨过定滑轮的绳PQ 提升井中的物体，如图1-2-2所求P 端拴在汽车的尾部挂钩上，汽车在A 点时，左则竖直绳的长度为H ，设绳不可伸长，滑轮大小不计。
车从A 点起动做直线运动，如AB = H ，已知车过B 点时的速度为v B ，求车过B 点时井中物体的速度大小是多少？
1．答案：C 2．答案：D 3．答案：B 4．答案：B 5．答案：ABC
6答案：B(点拨：根据运动的分解，绳速可以分解水平移动和绕滑轮支点转动两种运动效果，假设绳与水面夹角θ，则cos v v θ
=绳
船，当θ逐渐变大，v 船逐渐增大) 7．答案：BC 8．答案：AC 9
答案：3 10答案：105,420
答案：(1)0.2m ／s(2)0.33m ／s(3)200m (4)53。
(点拨：(1)设流水速度v 水，沿河移动
s 移,1120
/0.2/6010s v m s m s t ==
=⨯移水(2)设船静水速v 船，河宽D 河，则12600
sin 750cos 0.2D D v t D D v t v v αα⎧==⎪⎪⎪⋅==⎨⎪
⎪⋅==⎪⎪⎩
河河船
河河船船水由方程组可得1
/0.33/,200,533
v m s m s D m α====︒河船)
12. [解答分析]：题中要求车过B 点时物体的速度。
即物速大小等于车过B 点时绳速的大小，设绳速为v 。
车由A 到B 原来竖直的左侧之绳要向左上摆高，同时左侧之绳的长度变为2H ，所以绳参予了两个分运动，分速度分别为v 1和v ，其合速度是车速v B ，如右图1所示，v v B =︒cos45=
22v B 。
一般易出现
错误是合速度与分速度分不清楚，错把v 看作是合速度，分解v 一个水平速度v B 另一个竖直向下的分速度
v 1。
图1
13.B 划速为v 1的船在水速为v 2的河中顺流行驶，某时刻船上一只气袋落水．若船又行驶了ts 后才发现且立即返回寻找(略去调转船头所用的时间)，需再经多少时间才能找到气袋? 答案：ts(点拨：顺水s=(v 1+v 2)t-v 2t ，逆水s=(v 1-v 2)t'+v 2t'，推出t'=t)
14.C 有一小船正在横渡一条宽为30m 的河流，在正对岸下游40m 处有一危险水域，假若水流速度为5m ／s ，为了使小船在危险水域之前到达对岸.那么，小船相对于静水的最小速度是多少?
答案：3m ／s(点拨：根据题意，船实际航行方向至少满足与河岸成37。
夹角，则根据速度的矢量合成船的速度为矢量三角形中图示的v 船时，既能保证沿虚线移动，而不进入危险区，又满足速度值最小.因此
min sin 373/v v m s =⋅︒=水
)
15.B 某人站在自动扶梯上，经时间t 1由一楼升到二楼．如果自动扶梯不动，人从一楼走到二楼的时间为t 2现在扶梯正常运行，人也保持原来的速率沿扶梯向上走,则人从一楼到二楼的时间是( )
21.A t t -
1221
.t t
B t t -
1212
.t t C t t +
D
15答案：C(点拨：设扶梯和人的速度分别是v 梯、v 人，则1s v t =
梯,2
s
v t =人,那么扶梯、人一起运动时，据121212
//s s s t t
t v v v s t s t t t ====+++人梯
12.如图2所示，木块在水平桌面上移动的速度是v ，跨过滑轮的绳子向下移动的速度是______（绳与水平方向之间的夹角为α）
13、如图3所示，A 、B 以相同的速率v 下降，C 以速率v x 上升，绳与竖直方向夹角α已知，则v x =______v 。
图2
14、如图4所示，重物A、B由刚性绳拴接，跨过定滑轮处于图中实线位置，此时绳恰好拉紧，重物静止在水平面上，用外力水平向左推A，当A的水平速度为v A时，如图中虚线所示，求此时B的速度v B＝______。