2023年统考版高考英语总复习语法部分专题一复杂多变的动词第二讲 非谓语动词
第二讲非谓语动词高考感悟真题体验1.[2021·全国乙卷]Minimize the impact of (visit) the place.2.[2021·北京卷]From 2000 to 2019,there were 7,348 major natural disasters around theworld,(result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss.3.[2021·天津3月卷]China's National Highway 318,(extend) over 5,000kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu,Tibet,is known as the “heavenly road”for its amazing views.4.[2020·北京卷]A piece of stone (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives,known as Neanderthals,were cleverer than previously thought.5.[2020·浙江卷]Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology(change) lives.考点研析多维讲练考点一非谓语动词的形式及意义①[2020·天津卷]Completed in 1931,the Empire State Building,the highest skyscraperuntil 1954,inspired the imagination of the world.1931年完工的帝国大厦是1954年之前最高的摩天大楼,它激发了全世界的想象力。
②Having been fired by the company,the man now has difficulties in supporting his family.被公司解雇了,这位男士现在难以养活他的家庭。
③There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the moon.在我们准备在月球上长住之前,还有很多问题仍需要解决。
考点二非谓语动词作状语1.不定式作状语(1)作目的状语,可用so as to/in order to替换,但so as to一般不可置于句首,意为“为了;想要”。
①[2020·天津卷]To help us prepare for the exam,the teacher suggested reading throughour notes.为了帮助我们准备考试,老师建议我们通读笔记。
②[2020·全国卷Ⅰ]Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e4 tofind and study areas of the South PoleAitken basin.中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。
(2)作结果状语,常表示出乎意料的结果,常用于下列结构中:only to do;enough to do(足够做……);too... to do... (太……而不能……);so/such... as to... (如此……以至于……)等。
Tom took a taxi to the airport,only to find his plane high up in the sky.汤姆乘出租车去了机场,结果发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。
(3)作原因状语,常用在“主语+系动词+形容词+to do”结构中。
这类形容词有easy,difficult,hard,cheap,expensive,fit,comfortable,dangerous,heavy,good,important,impossible,surprised,astonished,delighted,disappointed 等。
We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition.令我们吃惊的是,这座寺庙仍保持着最初的样子。
2.分词作状语现在分词作状语时,现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。
过去分词作状语时,过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
①[2020·江苏卷]Technological innovations,combined with good marketing,willpromote the sales of these products.技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合,将促进这些产品的销售。
②Ordered over a week ago,the books are expected to arrive any time now.这些书是一个多星期以前订购的,现在有望随时到货。
③Like ancient sailors,birds can find their way using the sun and the stars.像古代的船员一样,鸟类可以利用太阳和星星找到它们的路。
名师指津部分过去分词作状语时不表示被动,也不表示完成,而表示一种状态。
常见的:located (坐落于),lost(迷路的),seated(坐着的),hidden(躲着的),lost/absorbed/buried in(沉溺于),dressed in(穿着),tired of(厌烦的),faced with(面对着)。
3.独立成分作状语有些分词或不定式短语作状语,其形式的选择不受上下文的影响,称作独立成分。
常考的有generally/frankly/roughly/strictly speaking,talking of,speaking of,judging from/by,taking everything into consideration,compared to/with,to be frank,to tell(you)the truth,to be honest,to make things worse 等。
Judging from his accent,he is from Hong Kong.从口音判断,他来自香港。
To tell you the truth,I am a little tired.说实话,我有点累。
4.独立主格结构非谓语动词作状语时,它的逻辑主语应和句子主语保持一致。
但有时非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语,在句子中作状语,我们称之为独立主格结构。
(1)独立主格结构的特点:①独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。
②独立主格结构中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与后面的分词或不定式是逻辑上的主动或被动关系。
③独立主格结构一般用逗号与句子分开。
(2)独立主格结构的常见构成:①名词/代词+分词;②名词/代词+不定式;③with/without +名词/代词+分词/不定式。
Weather permitting,we shall play the match tomorrow.明天如果天气好,我们就进行比赛。
The test finished(=When the test was finished),we began our holiday.考试结束后,我们就开始放假了。
◎即学即练(单句语法填空)1.[2022·云南师范大学附中适应性考试] Music has no obvious adaptive function,(make) scientists who study music wonder what forces originally gave rise to it.2.[2022·江西省九校高三下学期联考] Due to the outbreak of the novel coronaviruspneumonia (NCP),people all over the world are wearing masks (reduce) the risk of infection.3.[2021·浙江卷6月]A long-time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept agarden for one year. Mary’s sister,Frances Todd Wallace,often came over(plant)flowers in the front yard.4.[2022·邢台模拟] (locate) in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood,the house is bigenough to enable you to have a room of your own.考点三非谓语动词作定语1.不定式作定语(1)不定式作定语通常放在所修饰词之后,表示将来的动作。
不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往是动宾关系,若该不定式是不及物动词,其后应有必要的介词。
Suddenly a good idea occurred to her,but she couldn't find any paper to write on.突然她想到了一个好主意,但是她找不到纸把它写下来。
(2)序数词,形容词最高级,the last,the only 等后或被这些词修饰的名词/代词后,常用不定式作定语。
He is always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave the school.他总是第一个到校,最后一个离校。
(3)被修饰词是抽象名词时,常用不定式作定语。
常见名词:ability,chance,idea,hope,wish,fact,excuse,promise,attempt,way 等。
And the best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit.增强意志力最好的方法就是让意志力成为一种习惯。
2023年高考英语一轮专题复习语法精讲:非谓语动词(2) 课件
考点四 非谓语动词作宾语、主语和表语的用法
分考点讲解2:非谓语动词作主语
2.动名词作主语常表示抽象的、泛指的概念;也可用it作形式主语, 将真正的主语(动名词结构)放在句末。常用于固定句型It's a waste of time doing…;It's no use/good doing…;It is useless/nice/worthwhile… doing…; There is no doing… 等中。
考点四 非谓语动词作宾语、主语和表语的用法
分考点讲解1:非谓语动词作宾语
4.不定式作动词(短语)learn, decide, know, wonder, show, tell,understand,explain, teach, advise, find out等的宾 语时,通常用“疑问词(how, what, where, when, who等)+不定式”结 构。
•Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear in written communications.书面交流时使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情, 保持明确的意图。[全国Ⅱ改编]
•Knowing basic firstaid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.掌握基本的急救技能将有助于你在遇到紧急情况时迅速作 出反应。
3.get, become, look, seem, appear等系动词后可跟分词作表 语,过去分词表示被动或主语的状态,现在分词表主动或主语具有的特 征。
•This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that we shouldn't get discouraged right after failures.
2023版高考总复习英语(新高考版)专题二动词的非谓语形式:名家备考素材摘要
利用两个策略,解答非谓语动词题非谓语动词是高考英语语法填空题的必考点,也是学生学习和考试的难点。
对于非谓语动词,很多学生往往感觉力不从心,找不到好的解题方法。
本文尝试通过时间关系、句子化简两个策略解决语法填空中非谓语动词考点的相关试题,提升学生运用非谓语动词进行写作的能力,帮助学生高效地突破非谓语动词的相关知识点,轻松拿下非谓语动词考点的分数。
一、时间关系策略所谓时间关系策略是指通过对比句子中的两个谓语动词的时间先后把握非谓语动词的形式。
该时间关系主要分成同时发生关系、先发生关系、后发生关系。
当一个句子中有两个动词同时存在时,这两个动词一定要通过连接词连接。
例如,He worked very hard and won the honor.(他通过努力赢得了该项荣誉。
)本句中and连接两个并列动词worked和won。
但是,当两个动词无连接词连接时,就需要利用同时发生关系、先发生关系、后发生关系三种变化原则进行处理。
(一)同时发生关系同时发生关系是指两个动词所代表的动作同时发生,第二个动词就要使用现在分词形式。
如果该动词是be动词,则be动词变成现在分词being之后要省略。
例如,He came home crying.(他哭着回来。
)本句中的came(回)和cry(哭)同时发生,该句可以理解为“他哭着回来。
”因此,需要用cry的现在分词形式。
【例1】He sat in the corner _________(listen)to the teacher’s lecture.【答案】listening。
【解析】分析句子结构可知,本句中有两个动词,一个为sat,另一个为listen,sat为本句的谓语动词,且本句无连词,此时可以确定设空处应填listen的非谓语动词形式。
根据句意“他坐在角落里听老师讲课”可知,sat(坐)与listen(听)同时发生,因此设空处应填listen的现在分词形式。
故填listening。
高考英语一轮语法复习非谓语动词(二)课件PPT
谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
• 5.作同位语: • His habit,listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged.他
收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。
高考英语一轮语法复习非谓语动词( 二)课 件PPT【 PPT实 用课件 】
• 6.作宾语补足语:如下动词后可跟现在分词 作宾语补足语:
• announce宣布force强迫press迫使bride 收买inspire鼓舞 request请求assist协助hate憎恶pronounce断定advise劝告 exhort告诫,勉励pray请求authorize授权,委托help帮助 recommend劝告,推荐bear容忍implore恳求remind提醒beg 请求induce引诱report报告compel强迫invite邀请,summon 传唤command命令intend想要,企图show 显示drive驱赶 mean打算train训练等。
非谓语动词(二)
the Non-Finite Verbs(2)
一、动词v-ing的结构形式
• 以do 为例说明: • 1.一般式:doing 与谓语动词的动作同时发生 • 否定:not + doing • 被动:being done • Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
2023届新高考英语必考重点语法——非谓语动词精讲
2023届新高考英语必考重点语法——非谓语动词精讲定义&分类定义:非谓语动词也可称之为非限定动词(non-finite verbs),指的是由动词变化而成,同时具有动词性质和原义,但是不能在句子中充当谓语成分的动词。
根据定义可h知,该类此依旧可以和动词一样带宾语,副词,补语等。
主要分三类:不定式(Infinitive);动名词(Gerund);分词(Participle)现在分词VS动名词现在分词:相当于是形容词、副词;动名词:相当于是名词;初高中阶段学习非谓语,学习掌握12字及一条原则【找非谓语与逻辑主语之间的关系】就可解决绝大部分问题。
英语成分详解一个英语简单句只能有一个谓语动词。
其他的动词都要变成非谓语的形式。
因此非谓语动词可以在句子中充当多种成分,如:主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾语补足语等。
考虑到英语语法的逻辑性和系统性,本文将从英语成分的角度学习非谓语动词语法。
一:非谓语做主语前提:3种非谓语中,只有不定式(to do)和动名词(doing)可以作主语,分词不可以。
【不定式VS动名词】1)动名词表达的是:状态,性质,心境,抽象,经常性,已发生的不定式表达的是:目的,结果,原因,具体,一次性,将发生的Eg1:Smoking and drinking alcohol do harm to health. (抽象)吸烟饮酒有害健康。
Eg2:To smoke and to drink alcohol so much do harm to health.(具体)吸烟饮酒有害健康。
2)It句型中,【1】It作形式主语,动名词作真正主语。
常见于:“It is no use/no good/fun/a waste of time/ a good pleasure之类的名词+动名词”;和“It is useless/nice/good/interesting/worthwhile之类的形容词+动名词“结构中作主语。
2023版高考英语一轮总复习专题二动词的非谓语形式课件
果后面有名词或代词作宾语,则用不定式作宾补。
We don t allow smoking in the hall.我们不准在大厅内吸烟。
Smoking is forbidden here so I d advise you to smoke over there.这里禁止
reduce sb./sth. to(使沦落到)
pay attention to(注意)
(2)可将介词in省略的短语、句型:
spend.../have difficulty/have a...time/have trouble(in) doing sth.
I had no difficulty(in)making myself understood.我毫不费力地表达了自己
的意思。
4.下列动词或词组后跟不定式和动名词作宾语时,在意义上有区别。
to do sth.记着要做某事
(do后于remember)
remember doing sth.记得做过某事
(do 先于remember)
to do sth.忘记要做某事(do后于forget)
forget
吸烟,因此我建议你去那里吸。
3.作介词的宾语
无论是普通介词还是含介词的动词短语,一般情况下要用动名词作宾语。
If you insist on doing something, do it every day. 如果你坚持做某件事,那
就每天做。
【注意】 (1)to既可以作介词,又可以作不定式符号,因此要牢记含介词 to
我。
2023版高考英语一轮总复习语法专题板块1第2讲情态动词与虚拟语气ppt课件
would 和 used to 都可表示过去的习惯,但前者表示过去反复的 动作,常与 every day, often, frequently 等连用;后者表示过去的状 态或过去的习惯,但现在已不存在。
When he was abroad, he would read as many books as possible. 在国外时,他总是尽可能多读书。 She doesn't get up so early as she used to. 她不像以前那样起得那么早了。
2. may/might (1)表示请求、许可,比 can 正式。 May I use your computer? 我可以用一下你的电脑吗? (2)表示推测,谈论可能性,might 表示语气更不肯定,意为“可 能,或许”,一般用于肯定句中。 He might get there in time, but I can't be sure. 他有可能准时到达,但我不敢肯定。
(2)表示坚持,意为“偏偏,偏要”。 Must you make so much noise? 你非得弄出这么多噪声吗? (3)表示有把握的推测,意为“一定,肯定”,用于肯定句中。 He must be waiting for us. 他一定在等我们。
(4)mustn't 表示禁止,不表示推测。 We mustn't let the water run to waste. 我们不能让水白白流掉。
7. should (1)表示劝告、建议、责任、义务等,意为“应该”。 I should go and visit him this afternoon, but I wonder if I will be free. 今天下午我应该去看望他,但我不知道我是否有空。 (2)表示推测,意为“按理说应当”。 It's nine now and everyone should be here. 现在九点了,大家应该都到了。
2023新教材高考英语专题复习-语法填空-非谓语动词
第二节非谓语动词非谓语动词是高中英语语法中的重要部分,是语法填空的必考项目。
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、分词(现在分词、过去分词)、动名词,在句子中可以作除谓语以外的其他成分。
非谓语动词常考点主要为:动词不定式的功能、现在分词和过去分词的用法区别及非谓语动词的时态、语态、省略等。
该项内容考查考生在具体语言环境中理解句子结构、分析句子成分的能力。
如何判断非谓语动词典例印证【典例】Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 63.________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.第一步:确定是否作非谓语提示词是动词,句中已有谓语动词decided,又不是作并列谓语动词,则要考虑填非谓语动词。
第二步:确定填何种非谓语形式分析句子成分,空处且与被修饰词the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation之间构成逻辑动宾关系,故用过去分词作定语。
自主解答:________解题攻略*第一步:确定是否作非谓语分析句子结构,所给提示词是动词时,若句中已有谓语动词,又不是作并列谓语动词或从句谓语动词时,则要考虑填非谓语动词。
*第二步:确定用何种非谓语形式根据所作句子成分,考虑非谓语动词的形式:①提示词与逻辑主语表主动关系时常用动词ing形式;②提示词与逻辑主语是被动关系时常用动词ed形式;③提示词在句中作目的状语和意料之外的结果时常用动词不定式。
技法1 非谓语动词作主语和表语——成分分析法典题试做1.[2022·山东省潍坊市三月份模拟]In addition to providing visitors with a rare insight into the world of art conservation, ________ (conduct) the treatments in original place allows the sculptures to be treated in the same natural light in which they are being exhibited currently.2.[2019·全国Ⅲ卷]On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ________ (get) there.3.[2021·全国甲卷]It is possible ________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.4.These days, it is not unusual for 10to 12yearolds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders ________ (begin) computer classes.5.[2022·连云港市考前模拟一]It is, therefore, urgent ________ (update) our curricula by introducing the recent developments in the relevant fields.6.[2022·山东省烟台市、德州市一模]In fact, much remains ________ (learn) about traditional Chinese painting and its elements. Through appreciating Chinese painting, you will have a better understanding of traditional Chinese culture and Chinese people.7.[2022·厦门市第二次质量检测]So eager was she to be a crew member that she overcame many difficulties and ultimately became ________ (qualify).8.[2022·山西运城考前模拟]Lola got ________ (lose) when the Mejeurs were visiting a friend in Elk Grove Village in 2017.快捷思维1.非谓语动词作主语(1)句中缺少主语,找到句子的谓语部分,确定应用doing/to do作主语。
2023届高考英语语法之非谓语动词解析讲义
2023年高中英语语法之非谓语动词解析及专项练习一、非谓语动词的功能非谓语动词总共有10种形式,每种形式用法均不同,不仅如此,有些非谓语动词的不同形式在句子中还可以充当同一功能(比如过去分词、现在分词和不定式均可在句中做定语),但存在区别。
done定语、状语、表语、宾补被动,已经完成主语、定语、状语、表语、宾补主动,正在进行 being done主语、定语、状语、宾补被动,正在进行 having done状语、宾语、不能作定语主动,已经完成having been done状语、宾语、不能作定语被动,已经完成to do主语、宾语、表语、宾补、状语主动,将要发生to be done主语、宾语、表语、宾补、状语被动,将要发生to be doing宾语(常与动词搭配)主动,正在进行to have done宾语(常与动词搭配)主动,已经完成to have been done宾语(常与动词搭配)被动,已经完成说明∶和to do 都可以作主语、宾语和表语,但to do 表示将要进行的"某一次"动作,doing则表示经常的动作(例1);它们都可以用作状语,但doing表示伴随或行为方式,而to do常表示目的(例2); done 和having done/having been done都可以在句中作状语,但dong/being done表示的动作常与谓语动词的动作同时或几乎同时发生,而having done/having been done表示的动作则发生在谓语动作之前(例3、例 4);,being done, to be done 这三个被动形式都可以在句子中作定语,但它们的时间概念有明显不同(例4-6);4.动词不定式的进行式和完成式常与一些动词搭配(例8、例9)。
试比较以下例句∶1.She likes swimming very much but she doesn't like to swim this afternoon because it is cold.她(平时)非常喜欢游泳,但是她不喜欢今天下午(这一次游泳因为天气较冷。
高考英语复习非谓语动词2
高考英语复习非谓语动词(二)——动词-ing形式(二)-ing形式:动词的-ing形式也是一种非谓语动词。
-ing形式仍保留有动词的特征,可以带有其所需要的宾语或状语而构成-ing短语。
1、-ing的形式:-ing有一般式和完成式。
及物动词的-ing还有主动语态和被动语态,而不及物动词的-ing则没有被动语态。
现在以及物动词make 和不及物动词go为例,将其-ing各种2、-ing形式的基本用法。
(1)作主语:Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。
Talking is easier than doing. –ing作主语时,如果其结构较长,可用it作形式主语,而将作主语的-ing后置。
如:It isn’t much good writing to them again. It’s no use waiting here.(2)作表语:Her job is washing and cooking. My hobby is collecting stamps.(3)作宾语:①作及物动词的宾语。
She likes drawing very much.;②作某些短语动词的宾语。
Mary is thinking of going back to New York.;③do+限定词(my, some, any, the等)+ -ing,表示“做…事”之意,如:We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon. Will you do any shopping on Saturday this afternoon? ④作介词的宾语:Her sister is good at learning physics.;⑤作形容词worth, busy等的宾语:This book is well worth reading. –ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时,要用it作为形式宾语,而将作宾语的-ing后置,如:We found it no good talking like that. Do you think it necessary trying again?(4)作定语:The sleeping child is only five years old. Do you know the man standing at the gate? 注:-ing形式作定语用时,如果-ing只是一个单词,就位于其修饰的名词之前,如果是-ing短语,就位于其修饰的名词之后,-ing作定语时,被-ing所修饰的名词就是该-ing的逻辑主语。
高考英语非谓语动词复习 (2).ppt
将下列状语从句改为非谓语 短语作状语: 1. Because she was moved by
the hero, she decided to study harder.
Moved by the hero,
2. When he found the door locked, he went home.
found opened.
判断句子正误并改正:
1, Being ill, his classmate sent him to hospital.
2. To get there in time, he told me to get up early.
3, Broken by Jim, I can’t use the cup.
动名词 v.
G. + O. / A.
动名词短语
Gerund n.
主/表/宾/定
分 词 v.
P分. +词O短. /语A.
participle adj. adv. 表/定/补/状
不定式 v.
不inf定. +式O短. /语A.
infinitive na.davd.j.主/表/宾/定/补/状
The Gerund
suggest, understand, appreciate,can’t help put off, give up
动名词常可用于下列词组后
feel like, devote…to,
be busy, There is no
need use harm
(in) doing
hurry
difficulty
When they heard the bad news
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
