英文糖尿病PPT课件
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英文版2型糖尿病
It is the most common form of diabetes, accounting for approximately 9095% of all diabetes cases
Type 2 diabetes stylishly develops gradually over time and is often associated with objectiistory
Incremental tiger desert eating
Weight loss
Despit increased appearance, weight may decrease due to the body's inability to use glucose property
Fatigue
Feeling tired and lethargic due to lake of energy production from glucose
Blurred vision
High blood sugar levels can cause temporary changes in vision
Diagnostic Criteria and Procedures
Fasting blood glucose test
Oral glucose tolerance test
Insulin Therapy and Other Treatments
Adaptive Therapy Comprehensive therapies such as acquisition, yoga, or treatment may be used along with side traditional treatments to help manage stress and improve overall well being However, these should be discussed with a healthcare provider to ensure they are safe and appropriate for each individual case
Type 2 diabetes stylishly develops gradually over time and is often associated with objectiistory
Incremental tiger desert eating
Weight loss
Despit increased appearance, weight may decrease due to the body's inability to use glucose property
Fatigue
Feeling tired and lethargic due to lake of energy production from glucose
Blurred vision
High blood sugar levels can cause temporary changes in vision
Diagnostic Criteria and Procedures
Fasting blood glucose test
Oral glucose tolerance test
Insulin Therapy and Other Treatments
Adaptive Therapy Comprehensive therapies such as acquisition, yoga, or treatment may be used along with side traditional treatments to help manage stress and improve overall well being However, these should be discussed with a healthcare provider to ensure they are safe and appropriate for each individual case
糖尿病基础知识英文课件
CHAPTER 03
Diagnosis and treatment of diabetes
Diagnostic criteria for diabetes
Random (casual) blood glucose level
A blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) or higher with symptoms of diabetes such as increased thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss also indicates diabetes.
Insulin Deficiency or Resistance
In Type 1 diabetes, there is a significant reduction in insulin production by the pancreas, while in Type 2 diabetes, the body's cells become resistant to insulin, leading to inadequate glucose uptake and utilization.
An HbA1c of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes. This test measures the average blood glucose level over the past 2-3 months.
Treatment of diabetes
01 02 03
Comorbidities and complications
Diabetes can lead to various serious health complications, including cardiovascular diseases, stroke, kidney failure, blindness, nerve damage, and amputations.
糖尿病(全英文版)Diabetes Mellitus幻灯片PPT
Stage 4: progressive dysfunction of beta cells Stage 5: clinical diabetes Stage 6: beta cells of the clients who have
longtime diabetes are damaged thoroughly, blood insulin level is very low
Type 2 diabetes
genetics emotivity hyperinsulinism and (or) insulin
resistance impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) clinical diabetes
Other types
include beta cell genetic defects, endocrinopathies, and drug or chemicalinduced diabetes
hyperglycemia, fat metabolism disorder
▪ Nursing diagnosis 4: potential complications
hypoglycemia
▪ Nursing diagnosis 5: potential complications DKA,
hyperosmolar coma
Activity: aerobic exercise
Oral glucose-lowering agents: sulfonylurea,
biguanides, glucosidase
Insulin therapy
Insulin Therapy
▪ notice
糖尿病全英文课件(共23张PPT)可编辑全文
foot disease
infection
retinopathy
nephropathy
neuropathy
Sensory neuropathy
Autonomic neuropathy
Motor neuropathy
Gastroparesis
Bladder neuropathy
Diarrhea or Constipation
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms Oral Medications
[stimulating the pancreas produce more insulin ]
oral glucose ≥11.1
tolerance test ≥ 7.8 and ＜11.1
＜7.8
diagnose
diabetes
Gestational diabetes absence of insulin
Use of alcohol
Sulfonylureas Biguanides being a member of a high-risk group
Other types
Types
Ⅰ、Definition and Types Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
1 accompanied with symptoms Sulfonylureas complications Differences between type1 and type2
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms Sulfonylureas
Thiazolidinediones insufficient insulin Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms life depends on insulin.
糖尿病诊断及治疗英文版护理课件
Diabetic patients should increase their intake of fiber rich foods, such as vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, to help
control blood glucose levels
Exercise therapy
• Fasting blood glucose (FBG) test: patients fast overnight and blood glucose levels are measured in the morning before breakfast
• Random blood glucose test: Blood glucose levels are measured at any time of the day when symptoms are present
Other treatment methods
Psychological counseling
Diabetic patients may experience anxiety and depression due to the chronic nature of the disease Psychological counseling can help them better scope with the disease
• Self monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG): patients measure their own blood glucose levels at regular intervals throughout the day using blood glucose meters
control blood glucose levels
Exercise therapy
• Fasting blood glucose (FBG) test: patients fast overnight and blood glucose levels are measured in the morning before breakfast
• Random blood glucose test: Blood glucose levels are measured at any time of the day when symptoms are present
Other treatment methods
Psychological counseling
Diabetic patients may experience anxiety and depression due to the chronic nature of the disease Psychological counseling can help them better scope with the disease
• Self monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG): patients measure their own blood glucose levels at regular intervals throughout the day using blood glucose meters
糖尿病PCI治疗 英文ppt
PCI in Diabetic Patients
• Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and its Associated Costs? • What are the Distinctive Features About Diabetic Vessels? • What is the Impact of Drug Eluting Stent in Diabetic Patients with CAD? • How Should we Optimize Treatment Strategies Following PCI in Diabetic Patients?
PCI in Diabetic Patients
Prevalence of DM Among US Adults
National estimates on diabetes in the US in 2002 •Total: 18.2 million people (6.3% of the population) •Approximately 90% of patients with diabetes have the type 2 variety which is associated with excess body fat and physical inactivity.
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention In Diabetic Patients
S. Chiu Wong MD, FACC Associate Professor of Medicine Weill Medical College of Cornell University Director, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratories The New York Presbyterian Hospital-Cornell Campus
糖尿病酮症酸中毒 英文PPT
Introduction
DKA is a syndrome in which insulin deficiency and glucagon excess combine to produce a hyperglycemic, dehydrated,acidotic patient with profound electrolyte imbalance
Etiology
DKA may be caused by cessation of insulin intake or by physical or emotional stress despite continued insulin therapy. Most often, DKA occurs in patients with type 1 diabetes and is associated with inadequate administration of insulin, infection,or myocardial infarction (MI). DKA can also occur in type 2 patients and may be associated with any type of stress, such as sepsis or gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding
↓ ↑ ↑ ↑ →
↓ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑
↑ → ↓ ↓ ↓
↓ → ↑ ↑ ↑
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology
• • Insulin deficiency and glucagon elevation results in hyperglycemia,which in turn cause glycosuria Glucose in the renal tubules draws water, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, and other ions from the circulation into the urine This osmotic diuresis combined with poor intake and vomiting produces the profound dehydration and electrolyte imbalance associated with DKA As a result of acidosis and dehydration,however, the initial reported values for these electrolytes may be higher than actual body stores.
糖尿病英文版资料讲解
(may range from predominantly insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency to a predominantly secretory defect with or without insulin resistance)
few
less then type 2 DM leading cause of death
low or lack
usually + insulin dependence
FPG FPG
(mmol/L)
DM
7.0
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱIFG
IG
6.1
T
NGT
IGT
7.8 11.1
糖尿病英文版资料讲解
75gOGTT 2hPG
(mmol/L)
Comparison of type 1 and type 2 DM
Usual age of onset Mode of onset weight
symptoms
Other specific types Gestational diabetes**
糖尿病英文版资料讲解
Other specific types
Genetic defects of beta-cell function Genetic defects in insulin action Diseases of the exocrine pancreas Endocrinopathies Drug- or chemical-induced Infections Uncommon forms of immune-
Type 2 DM：amyloidosis of pancreas
few
less then type 2 DM leading cause of death
low or lack
usually + insulin dependence
FPG FPG
(mmol/L)
DM
7.0
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱIFG
IG
6.1
T
NGT
IGT
7.8 11.1
糖尿病英文版资料讲解
75gOGTT 2hPG
(mmol/L)
Comparison of type 1 and type 2 DM
Usual age of onset Mode of onset weight
symptoms
Other specific types Gestational diabetes**
糖尿病英文版资料讲解
Other specific types
Genetic defects of beta-cell function Genetic defects in insulin action Diseases of the exocrine pancreas Endocrinopathies Drug- or chemical-induced Infections Uncommon forms of immune-
Type 2 DM：amyloidosis of pancreas
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4. Mitochondrial DNA
5. Others
B. Genetic defects in insulin action
1. Type A insulin resistance
2. Leprechaunism
3. Rabson- Mendenhall syndrome
4. Lipoatrophic disease
Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)
diagnosed during pregnancy
.
9
Etiologic classification of diabetes mellitus(1)
I.Type 1diabetes ( -cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency )
.
10ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
7. Others
Etiologic classification of diabetes mellitus(2)
D. Endocrinopathies
1. Acromegaly
2. Cushing’s syndrome
3. Glucagonoma
4. Pheochromocytoma
5. Hyperthyroidism
Ranging from predominantly insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency to predominantly an insulin secretory defect with insulin resistance
.
8
Classification (2)
A. immune mediated
B. Idiopathic
II.Type 2diabetes ( may range from predominantly insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency to a predominantly secretory defect with insulin resistance )
6. Somatostatinoma
7. Aldosteronoma
Symptoms of diabetes +
Casual plasma glucose ≥ 11.1mmol/l(200mg/dl)
Or
FPG ≥ 7.0mmol/l (126mg/dl)
Or
2-hPG ≥ 11.1mmol/l
.
5
Diagnostic Criteria WHO1999
IGT -FPG<7mmol/L -2-h PG≥7.8mmol/L and <11.1mmol/L
III.Other specific types
A. genetic defects of -cell function
1. Chromosome 12, HNF-1 (MODY3)
2. Chromosome 7, glucokinase (MODY2)
3. Chromosome 20, HNF-4 (MODY1)
Other specific types of diabetes
Due to other causes, e.g.,genetic defects in insulin action, diseases of the exocrine pancreas, drug or chemical induced
.
2
Introduction
The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes
is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of various organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels.
Diabetes Mellitus
Zhao-xiaojuan
.
1
Introduction
Diabetes mellitus
is a heterogeneous group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.
IFG -FPG≥6.1mmol/L and <7.0mmol/L
.
6
Laboratory Findings
Urinary glucose Urinary ketone Blood glucose (FPG and 2-hPG) HbA1c and FA(fructosamine) OGTT Insulin / CP releasing test
.
3
Symptoms
Polyuria Polydipsia (thirst) Weight loss Weakness Polyphagia Blurred vision Recurrent infection Impairment of growth
.
4
Criteria for diagnosis of diabetes (WHO1999)
.
7
Classification (1)
Type 1 diabetes
β-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute deficiency
<1>Immune-mediated diabetes <2>Idiopathic diabetes
Type 2 diabetes
5. Others
C. Diseases of the exocrine pancreas
1. Pancreatitis
2. Trauma / pancreatectomy
3. Neoplasia
4. Cystic fibrosis
5. Hemochromatosis
6. Fibrocalculous pancreatopathy