2018年中国矿业大学(北京)博士翻译英语期末考试重点
P104 /11（汉译英）矿产资源是自然资源的重要组成部分, 是人类社会发展的重要物物资基础，新中国成立60多年来, 矿产资源勘查开发取得巨大成就, 探明一大批矿产资源，建成比完善的矿产品供应体系, 为中国经济的持续, 快速, 协调, 健康发展提供了重要保障。
目前,中国92%以上的一次能源,80%的工业原材料,70%以上的农业生产资料来自于矿产资源。
中国高度重视可持续发展和矿产资源的合理利用，把可持续发展确定为国家战略, 把保护资源作为可持续发展战略的重要内容。
Mineral resources is an important part of natural resources, is an important material foundation, the development of human society since the founding of new China 60 years, great achievements of mineral resources exploration development, proved a large number of mineral resources, built than commodity supply system for China's economy sustained, rapid, coordinated and healthy development has provided the important safeguard.At present, more than 92 percent of China's primary energy,80 percent of its industrial raw materials and 70 percent of its agricultural means of production come from mineral resources.China attaches great importance to sustainable development and rational utilization of mineral resources, defines sustainable development as a national strategy and takes resource protection as an important part of the strategy.P107/2（汉译英）科技文献是用文字、图形、符号、声频和视频等方式记录人类科学技术知识的载体, 是人类文明的产物科技文献具有四大功能, 即信息承载功能、知识体现功能, 创新支撑功能和教育培训功能, 科技文献资源是一个发展着的动态体系。
由于技突飞猛进的发展其综合与分化的趋势日益明显, 使得科技文献呈现出数量激增, 老化加速, 类型复杂，形式与内容广泛、分散、交叉、渗透的状况。
Literature of science and technology is to use text, graphics, symbols, audio and video record carrier of human science and technology knowledge, is the product of human civilization of science and technology literature has four functions, namely information bearing reflect features, knowledge, innovation support function and function of education and training, science and technology document resources is a dynamic development of the system.Due to the rapid development of science and technology, the trend of its synthesis and differentiation is becoming more and more obvious, so that the number of scientific and technological literature shows a surge, accelerated aging, complex types, extensive form and content, scattered, cross, penetration.P119/2（汉译英）版权是一种无形资产。
它所拥有的是一种权利。
这种权利包括两个方面, 即复制权和对复制权的使用控制。
版权是对作品创造者实行的一种法律保护。
最初仅限于对书籍方面, 而今已扩大到对各种杂志、报纸、地图、戏剧、电影、电视节目、电脑软件、绘画、图片、雕塑、音乐作品及舞蹈动作设计等类作品的保护。
实质上，版权保护的是知识或艺术财产。
板权这种财产与众不同, 因为它旨在为公众所利用，为公众所享受。
Copyright is an intangible asset.What it has is a right.This kind of right includes two aspects, namely, the right of reproduction and the control of the use of the right of reproduction.Copyright is a kind of legal protection for creators of works.Originally limited to books, it has now been expanded to cover magazines, newspapers, maps, plays, films, TV programs, computer software, paintings, pictures, sculptures, music works and dance action design.Essentially, a copyright protects intellectual or artistic property.This property is differentbecause it is intended to be used and enjoyed by the public.3) （汉译英）如本协议因任何理由而终止, 所有由甲方提供的图纸、图片、规格以及其他全部生产和操作资料, 包括全部复制品, 均返还甲方, 同时, 乙方应停止生产上述许可证产品、或部件, 或零件。
If this agreement is terminated for any reason, all drawings, pictures, specifications and all other production and operation materials provided by party a, including all copies thereof, shall be returned to party a. meanwhile, party b shall stop the production of the licensed products, or parts, or parts.4) （汉译英）承租人同意将所租房屋保持良好状态, 并不得任其损坏。
如果承租人对出租房屋作任何调整或增添任何设施, 事先必须征得出租人的书面同意。
房内任何增添和装修过的设施都成为出租人的财产, 而且承租人不得以此向出租人提出补偿要求。
如果发生火灾, 本租赁合同立即终止。
The lessee agrees to keep the leased building in good condition and not allow it to be damaged.If the lessee makes any adjustments or additions to the leased premises, he must obtain the lessor's prior written consent.Any facilities added or decorated in the house shall become the property of the lessor, and the lessee shall not claim compensation from the lessor.In case of fire, this lease contract will be terminated immediately.P1551)（汉译英）阐述了2000 年以来中国经济和能源消费快速增长的态势以及能源消费的构成变化情况和石油消费形势, 探讨厂2050 年前几种不同情景下的中国经济增长前景、能源消费增长趋势, 能源消费构成变化趋势和石油需求总量。
This paper expounds the rapid growth trend of China's economy and energy consumption since 2000, the composition change of energy consumption and the situation of oil consumption, and discusses the economic growth prospect, energy consumption growth trend, energy consumption composition change trend and total oil demand of China under several different scenarios before 2050.2)（汉译英）加快发展常规天然气、贝岩气煤层气等气体能源, 既能有效缓解我国面临的能源安全、环境保护和减排等多重压力，又能培育新的经济增长点。
为此, 应提升气体能源在我国能源战略中的地位, 加快能源领域的市场化改革,建立和完善准入和矿业权管理制度，放宽气体能源的行业准入，改革能源价格形成机制，并加大对页岩气开采等关键技术的开发支持，从而改变我国能源供应和消费的结构，支持可持续发展和生态文明建设。
中国矿业大学育明考博名师出招 考试大纲公布英译汉复习建议
中国矿业大学育明考博名师出招考试大纲公布英译汉复习建议考博英语翻译仍属于阅读理解的一部分，其命题形式是英译汉，主要考查学生准确理解概念或结构较复杂的英语文字材料的能力。
要求考生阅读一篇约400词的文章，并将其中5个划线部分(约150词)译成汉语，要求译文准确、完整、通顺”。
翻译部分的总分值为10分(每题2分)，占全部试卷的10%。
因此，考博翻译部分的总体要求应该是“译文准确、完整、通顺”，这与翻译的一般标准“忠实而通顺”是基本一致的。
联系我们扣扣：四九三三七一六二六。
电话：四零零六六八六九七八在翻译的基本过程中，理解英语原文是我们进行翻译的前提。
你在动手翻译之前，必须要把英语原文看懂。
这是最关键、也是最容易出问题的一步。
许多考生在复习的时候发现自己的译文含糊不清，其实这正是自己没有透彻理解原文的原因所在。
在试卷中，大部分的翻译错误都是起因于考生的理解错误、没有正确的理解，考生传达的就不是原文的意思，这样就可能扭曲原文的意思，造成严重的扣分现象，甚至会不得分。
在翻译句子之前，先通读全句，注意一边读一边拆分句子的语法结构，提主干，去枝叶。
在翻译的考试中，内容五分，句式五分。
内容每年千变万化，但句式永远是那么几个套路，包括定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句、倒装、虚拟、否定、强调、比较结构。
因此同学们在考场上见到的句子，必然是你以前见到过的样子，这就叫做例句重现。
而另外五分内容要准备什么，那就是单词的问题，这些词汇与阅读中的核心词汇是相通的，因此翻译和阅读应该放在一起来复习，共同解决长难句和词汇问题。
有些考点在翻译中反复考察，可见其必然为考试的重点内容，比如intellectual这个单词，曾经在翻译中考察过三次之多;比如while做连词的用法，每次考试的意思都为“尽管，然而”;work做动词的用法，不是“工作”，而是“有效，起作用”。
这些重点单词一定要注意积累，总结义项。
还有一点要注意，平时同学们在做练习时一定不能只看，一定要动笔，翻译完认真的去和译文比对，看看自己的不足在哪里。
中国矿业大学(北京)《大学英语》2017-2018学年第一学期期末试卷
中国矿业大学(北京)《大学英语1》试卷（A卷）December 27th, 2017得分：Part I Listening Comprehension (35%)Section A (14%)Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choicesmarked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.注意：此部分在答题卡上作答1. A) The results were called in yesterday.B) The results might be ready tomorrow.C) The man needs another test tomorrow.D) The doctor gave him the results yesterday.2. A) She doesn't recommend them to go to the Chinese restaurant.B) She doesn't like Chinese food.C) The restaurant closes very early.D) The restaurant is a good place for his mother's birthday.3. A) He can't agree with the woman.B) He wants to say a bit more about Australia.C) He agrees with the woman perfectly.D) He has no opinion about what the woman has said.4. A) $0.75.B) $1.00.C) $3.25.D) $0.50.5. A) A teacher. B) A bank teller. C) A policewoman. D) A saleswoman.6. A) It will not be easy.B) It will be less difficult.C) It has been boring.D) It has been enjoyable.7. A) The woman blames the man for his absence.B) The woman thinks that everything was all right.C) The woman thanks the man for his efforts.D) The woman doesn't think it was the man's fault.8. A) Friends.B) Mother and son.C) Husband and wife.D) Shopkeepers and customers.Now you will hear two long conversations.Conversation OneQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) She's waiting for her father.B) She's having her bicycle repaired.C) She wanted to surprise John.D) She works there.10. A) To replace his stolen bicycle.B) To begin bicycling to work.C) To join a bicycle club.D) To train for a bicycle race.11. A) It must be the right height.B) It must have several gears.C) It must have good tires.D) It must be the right weight.Conversation TwoQuestions 12 to 14 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Last year.B) Two years ago.C) Three years ago.D) Four years ago.13. A) Archeologists.B) A student.C) A miner.D) A farmer.14. A) Fishing.B) Visiting the dam.C) Swimming.D) Visiting primitive parts.Section B (11%)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A, B, C, and D. Then mark the corresponding answer on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the center.注意：此部分在答题卡上作答Passage OneQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A) Mapping.B) Photographing.C) Mapping and photographing.D) Fueling the spacecraft.16. A) On another planet.B) On the earth.C) At the mid point between the Earth and Mars.D) In outer space.17. A) Mapping and photographing.B) Refueling.C) Exploring the planet.D) Bringing something from earth to the planet.Passage TwoQuestions 18 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) The role of the father may become an inferior one.B) The role of the mother may become an inferior one.C) The children will grow up believing that life is a battle of sexes.D) Sharing leads to constant arguing.19. A) It is mainly the mother's job.B) It is among the duties of the father.C) It is the job of schools and churches.D) It involves a partnership of equals.20. A) It is minor because he is an ineffectual parent.B) It is irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.C) It is pertinent (相关的) to the healthy development of the child.D) It is identical to the role of the child's mother.21. A) A healthy and co-operative family is a basic ingredient of a healthy society.B) Men are basically opposed to sharing household chores.C) Division of household responsibilities is workable only in theory.D) A woman's place is in the home -- now as always.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) The long distance between his hometown and New York.B) His unpopular character.C) The high unemployment.D) His criminal record.23. A) He wanted to be put into prison again.B) He needed the money to support his family.C) He hated the barber there.D) He wanted to make him well-known.24. A) He went directly to the police station.B) He drove out of the town and tried to escape.C) He waited for the police to arrest him.D) He argued with the police angrily.25. A) Mr. Spears enjoyed living in prison.B) Mr. Spears was known as a greedy man in his community.C) The police in New York were not very efficient.D) The only way Mr. Spears supported his family was by going to prison again.Section C Compound dictation (10%)Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is readfor the second time, you are required to fill in the missing information. You can eitheruse the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your ownwords. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check whatyou have written.注意：此部分在Answer Sheet 2上作答It is well-known that the Web is useful. You can find old friends (26)_________. You can inquire about and book flights. Check the weather. Check out your high school or college alma mater. Find (27)________ news. Research political issues. Follow your (28)_________ portfolio. Place a classified ad. And, of course, more and more (29) ___________ are setting up shops on the Web, selling books, CDs, computers, even cars. You can learn how to do some of these (30)___________ in later (31)___________ of this tutorial.The Internet is also fun. You can write to old friends, or check out their pages. Enjoy web-based soap (32)________. Laugh at online jokes. Join in a live Net event.(33)______________________________________________. Pick a fake stock portfolio.(34)___________________________________________________. Millions of users log on to the Net every day, and it’s not just to do research. There’s a lot of fun out there. That's one reason it's called web “surfing”.Part II Reading Comprehension （50 %）Section A Longer Text Reading (10%)Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraphmore than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions bymarking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.9 Highly Effective Study Habits(A) Students grapple with many issues in their lives, and because of all of the competing things for your attention, it’s hard to concentrate on studying. And yet if you’re in school, you have to do at least a little studying in order to progress from year to year. The key to effective studying isn’t cramming or studying longer, but studying smarter. You can begin studying smarter with these nine proven and effective study habits.1. How you approach studying matters(B) Too many people look at studying as a necessary task, not an enjoyment or opportunity to learn. That’s fine, but researchers have found that how you approach something matters almost as much as what you do. Being in the right mindset is important in order to study smarter.(C) Sometimes you can’t “force” yourself to be in the right mindset, and it is during such times you should simply avoid studying. If you’re distracted by a relationship issue, an upcoming game, or finishing an important project, then studying is just going to be an exercise in frustration. Come back to it when you’re not focused (or obsessed!) by something else going on in your life.2. Where you study is important(D) A lot of people make the mistake of studying in a place that really isn’t conducive to concentrating. A place with a lot of distractions makes for a poor study area. If you try and study in your dorm room, for instance, you may find the computer, TV, or a roommate more interesting than the reading material you’re trying to digest.(E) The library, a corner in a student lounge or study hall are good places to check out. Make sure to choose the quiet areas in these places, not the loud, central gathering areas. Investigate multiple places on-campus and off-campus, don’t just pick the first one your find as “good enough” for your needs and habits. Finding an ideal study place is important, because it’s one you can reliably count on for the next few years.3. Bring everything you need, nothing you don’t(F) Unfortunately, when you find an ideal place to study, sometimes people bring things they don’t need. For instance, while it may seem ideal to type notes into a computer to refer back to later, computers are a powerful distraction for many people because they can do so manydifferent things. Playing games, going online, surfing the Web, and answering emails are all wonderful distractions that have nothing to do with studying. So ask yourself whether you really need a computer to take notes, or whether you can make do with the old-fashioned paper and pen or pencil.(G) Don’t forget the things you need to study for the class, exam or paper you’re focusing on for the study session. Nothing is more time-consuming and wasteful than having to run back and forth regularly because you forget an important book, paper, or some other resource you need to be successful.4. Outline and rewrite your notes(H) Most people find that keeping to a standard outline format helps them boil information down to its most basic components. People find that connecting similar concepts together makes it easier to remember when the exam comes around. The important thing to remember in writing outlines is that an outline only words as a learning tool when it is in your own words and structure. Every person is unique in how they put similar information together (called “chunking” by cognitive psychologists). So while you’re welcomed to copy other people’s notes or outlines, make sure you translate those notes and outlines into your own words and concepts. Failing to do this is what often causes many students to stumble in remembering important items.5. Practice by yourself or with friends(I) The old saying, practice makes perfect, is true. You can practice by yourself by testing yourself with either practice exams, past quizzes, or flash cards (depending what kind of course it is and what’s available). If a practice exam isn’t available, you can make one up for yourself and your classmates (or find someone who will). If a practice or old exam from a course is available, use it as a guide – do not study to the practice or old exam! (Too many students treat such exams as the real exams, only to be disappointed when the real exam has none of the same questions). Such exams help you understand the breadth of content and types of questions to expect, not the actual material to study for.6. Make a schedule you can stick to(J) Too many people treat studying as the thing to do when you get around to it or have some spare time. But if you schedule study time just as your class time is scheduled, you’ll find it becomes much less of a hassle in the long run. Instead of last-minute cramming sessions, you’ll be better prepared because you haven’t put off all the studying into one 12-hour marathon. Spending 30 or 60 minutes every day you have a class studying for that class before or after is a lot easier and will allow you to actually learn more of the material.7. Take breaks (and rewards!)(K) Because so many people view studying as a chore or task, it’s human nature to avoid it. If, however, you find rewards to help reinforce what you’re doing, you may be pleasantly surprised by the change you may find in your attitude over time. Rewards start by chunking study time into manageable components. Studying for 4 hours at a time with no breaks is not realistic or fun for most people. Studying for 1 hour, and then taking a 5-minute break and grabbing a snack is usually more sustainable and enjoyable. Divide study time into segments that make sense and work for you. If you have to digest a whole textbook chapter, find sections in the chapter and commit to reading and taking notes on one section at a time. Maybe you only do one section in a sitting, maybe you do two. Find the limits that seem to work for you.8. Keep healthy and balanced(L) It’s hard to live a balanced life while in school, I know. But the more balance you seek out in your life, the easier every component in your life becomes. If you spend all of your time focusing on a relationship or a game, you can see how easy it is to be out of balance. When you’re out of balance, the things you’re not focusing on – such as studying – become that much harder. Don’t spend all of your time studying – have friends, keep in touch with your family, and find interests outside of school that you can pursue and enjoy.9. Know what the expectations are for the class(M) Different professors and teachers have different expectations from their students. While taking good notes and listening in class (and attending as many of the classes as you can) aregood starts, you can do one better by spending some time with the instructor or professor’s assistant. Talking to the instructor early on – especially if you foresee a difficult course ahead – will help you understand the course requirements and the professor’s expectations. If you get a particularly bad grade on a paper or exam, talk to the instructor. Try and understand where things went wrong, and what you can do in the future to help reduce it from happening again.Don’t forget to learn!(N) Studying isn’t just about passing an exam, as most students look at it as. Studying is an effort to actually learn things, some of which you might actually care about. So while you’ll have to take your share of classes that have little or nothing to do with your interests, you should still look for interesting things to take away from every experience.35. ____There are always interesting things to be found in what you learn.36.____You should space your work out over shorter periods of time and not try not try to cramall of your studying into just one or two sessions.37.____Past test papers are only useful in that they give you a general idea of the subject areasto focus on and help you identify the style of the questions.38.____It is important to know what the professors will be expecting of you when you sign upfor their courses.39.____Studying can be a problem when you aren't in the mood for it.40.____Only bring the necessary study tools with you when you go to your ideal study place.41.____Notes are only useful and helpful when they are written using your own words andconcepts.42.____Finding a positive study environment is very important.43.____In order to study efficiently, you have to have the right attitude.44.____Information reviewed amid distractions is less likely to be remembered.Section B Blank Filling (10%)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following thepassage. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once.注意：此部分在Answer Sheet 2选择字母作答。
2016中国矿业大学学术翻译实践期末试卷答案
2016中国矿业大学学术翻译实践期末试卷答案中国矿业大学2014-2015学年度第二学期硕士研究生《学术翻译实践》课程期末考试试卷姓名学号学院得分100分钟闭卷一、将下列句子翻译成英语，请在答题纸上作答。
（50分）1. 要提高能源利用效率，也就是要依靠能源、动力、石油化工及各行各业的可进进步来满足，而多相流问题（multiphase flow processes）与它们紧密相关并起着关键作用。
The raise of efficiency of utilizing energy depends on the scientific and technological progress in energy, power, petroleum and chemical industries, in which multiphase flow processes are closely related and play the key role.2.在受到认为控制的条件下，进行精确的观察，这是了解事物本质的第一步。
Accurate observation under controlled conditions is the first step in understanding nature. (动词转译为名词)3. 近代科学的发现得出这样的结论：物质可以产生能量，能量又可以产生物质。
（主被动语态转换）Modern scientific discoveries lead to the conclusion that energy may be created from matter and that matter in turn, may be created from energy.4. 随着大规模集成电路的出现，电子工业在20世纪60年代取得了巨大的进展。
The 1960s saw the great advance in electronics industry with the emergence of the large-scale integrated circuits. (谓语的确定)5. 由于他在设计上的革新，发动机变得小多了，工作得更平稳了，活动部件也少了。
中国矿业大学(北京)考博英语必备词汇
中国矿业大学（北京）考博英语必备词汇jack n.千斤顶jam adj. 拥塞jealousy n.妒忌,猜忌,羡慕jean n.斜纹布，牛仔裤jelly n.冻，果子冻;胶状物jerk n.v.猛然一拉Jesus n.耶稣jewellery n.珠宝，珠宝饰物jingle vt.&vi.(使)丁当响jog n.轻推,轻撞,漫步jug n.水壶, 监牢, [象声] 模仿夜莺的叫声;vt. 放入壶中,junction n.连接;接头;中继线jungle n.丛林junior a.年少的 n.年少者;晚辈Jupiter 木星kernel n．果仁、核心kidnap vt．诱拐，绑架kidney n．肾，腰子；性格kilowatt n．千瓦kindle vt．点燃 vi.着火kinetic adj．运动的kit n．成套工具；用具包knight n．骑士（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ: 772678537) interview n.接见;会见;面谈 vt.接见，会见，会谈intonation n.语调，声调;发声introduce vt.介绍;引进，传入 vt.提出(议案等)invalid adj.无效力的invariably ad.不变地，永恒地inversely ad.相反地invoice n.发票，装货清单ion n.离子irregularity n.不规则;不整齐irrespective a.不考虑的，不顾的irrigation n.灌溉;冲洗法irritate n.刺激,烦恼,刺激物Islam n.伊斯兰教，回教ivory n.象牙;牙质;乳白色ingenious adj.机灵的, 有独创性的, 精制的, 具有创造才能ingenuity n.巧思，聪敏ingredient n.成份inherent adj.固有的, 内在的, 与生俱来的initial adj.开始的,最初的,字首的initially ad. 最初地，ad. 首先initiate vt.发起，开始initiative n.主动，首创精神本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。
中国矿业大学(北京)考博英语复习-报考分析及备考指导-育明考博
中国矿业大学（北京）考博报考分析及备考指导 一、招考介绍学校所属招生总数名额分布考博英语难易程度复试分数线211/985266人（57各专业）直播和硕博连读人数：48人考研英语难度外语成绩≥55分专业课成绩≥60分二、矿大考博英语备考规划1、矿大考博初试英语题型和分值设置词汇完型填空阅读理解翻译短文作文15题15分20题10分五篇20题40分英译汉10分汉译英10分15分2、英语复习推荐用书：育明考博教研部主编的《考博英语真题解析》《考博词汇》，是最为权威的考博英语备考资料。
同时也得到了育明考博学员的肯定和证明，并且每年都会再版更新。
可以联系育明考博购买邮寄，或在全国各大书店及卓越亚马逊及当当网下单。
（PS：育明考博咨询方式 扣扣：547 063 862 TEL：四零零 六六八 六九七八）3、复习策略、答题技巧、经验分享（1）词汇备考：矿大对考博英语词汇量在7000—8000左右。
部分院校，如社科院，对词汇量的要求会比较大，大约会达到10000以上。
虽然不推荐盲目的扩大词汇量，但是足够的单词储备还是会对应试起到比较积极的作用。
根据自身的复习时间和实际需要，可以选择考研词汇、六级词汇、托福词汇、专八词汇、或者GRE词汇进行备考，推荐育明教育考博教研室主编的《考博英语系列教程—考博10000词》进行有针对性的词汇备考。
有很多人在学习英语的过程中，只注重了学习当时的记忆效果，孰不知要想做好学习的记忆工作，是要下一番工夫的。
单纯的注重当时的记忆效果，而忽视了后期的保持和再认同样是达不到良好的效果的，于是就产生了记忆的牢固度问题。
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记忆规律可以具体到我们每个人，因为我们的生理特点、生活经历不同，可能导致我们有不同的记忆习惯、记忆方式、记忆特点。
如果与个人记忆特点相悖，记忆效果则会大打折扣。
因此，我们要根据每个人的不同特点，寻找到属于自己的艾宾浩斯记忆遗忘曲线。
中国矿业大学考博英语辅导：英语翻译技巧
中国考博辅导首选学校中国矿业大学考博英语辅导：英语翻译技巧
被动语态翻译
英语中被动语态使用范围很广，凡是在不必或不愿说出或无从说出施动者以及为了便于连贯上下文或者为了强调动作的承受者等场合，往往都用被动语态。
英语被动句的翻译主要有以下几种情况：
译成汉语主动句。
1．原句中的主语、谓语不变，译文中没有表示被动的标志，如“被、把”字等，形式上是主动句，表达被动意义。
例如：Eg.On Practice has been translated into many foreign languages.《实践论》已译成许多国家的文字。
Eg. The whole country was armed in a few days.几天以内，全国就武装起来了。
2．原句中的主语移到谓语之后，译作宾语。
Eg.Another middle school has been set up in our district．我们区又办了一所中学。
Eg.1，200people had been saved soldiers in the earthquake.在地震中，战士们已救出1200人。
本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。
中国矿业大学(北京)英语翻译课后答案
Unit 14. Translation process A. Comprehension of words:句子译文（P4-5）（1）人生历程就是从生到死。
(2)女孩放好了桌子。
但lay table”的真正含义是指在餐桌上摆好吃饭用的餐具.(3)他认为我够朋友/他认为我可交。
(4)她哭得很伤心。
不能译“她把眼睛哭出来”。
如to laugh one's head off"笑掉大牙”，to burst/split one's side with laughter“笑破肚子”；“tears well up in one's eyes”译为“泪汪汪”．(5)我们找了他，但一无所获。
“to no purpose”和“for no purpose不同，后者是“没有目的”，前者则是“毫无结果”，“一天所获”。
(6)但是他的重大发明还在后头呢(7)你认为汤姆怎么样？他这个人一无可取。
(8)他那个人小气劲儿简直没法说。
可不是吗！/没错。
(9) 哎哟! 人生如草芥.(10) 哪里想到俺和这些高贵的德伯维尔一直是同宗共祖呐。
(11) 谁来都行，由我来对付。
/兵来将挡，谁来我都不怕。
(12) 我死也不干。
(13) 理论固然重要，实践更重要。
(14)学英语，光学语法是不行的。
(15)“exaggerate”一词可以引出较广的含义，不能照字面理解为“被夸张了”，而应译为“他大发雷霞，未免小题大做”。
(16) “我拜读过大作。
没有想到你这么年轻有为，(我原来以为你是一个老人呢)。
(17) 每次出差回来，这儿都叫我感到耳目一新，精神一爽。
(18)应根据对其深层意思的理解译为“可是这个家里是他妈妈说了算(或他妈妈当家)，他们说，他连他妈妈的一半也顶不上”(他那样的人，两个也比不过他妈妈)。
(19) 如果将主语译成“他和她”就显得不顺。
后半句如译成“他们各自与另一个人结婚了”则不够清楚。
全句宜译成：“他们再次相逢时，一个已经娶妻，一个也已经再嫁了”。
中国矿业大学考博英语必备翻译知识点及其例句
中国矿业大学考博英语必备翻译知识点及其例句01.The tenant is discontented with the content of the agreement for renting the tennis tent.租客对承租网球帐篷协议的内容不满。
02.The current occurrence of torrent spurs him to buy fur and sulfur.最近的洪流事件刺激他去买皮毛和硫磺。
03.I'm confident that the dentist will deny the confidential accidental incident.我确信这个牙医将会否认这个秘密的意外事件。
04.The student identified the identical idiom on the identity cards.学生鉴别身份证上完全相同的的成语。
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05.The stupid student rapidly studied the accident in the studio.愚蠢(乏味、麻木)的学生在工作室内快速学习这个意外事件。
06.Considering considerable spiders outside,I stay in the president's residence.鉴于外面有太多的蜘蛛，我留在校长的住处。
07.Besides this side,I considered both the inside and outside.除了这一侧面，内外两面我都考虑了。
08.It's evident that the evil devil inevitably goes to ruin.很明显，邪恶的魔鬼必定走向灭亡。
博士翻译考试题及答案
博士翻译考试题及答案一、单句翻译（共30分，每题3分）1. 请将下列中文句子翻译成英文：“随着全球化的推进，跨文化交流变得越来越重要。
”答案：With the advancement of globalization, cross-cultural communication is becoming increasingly important.2. 请将下列英文句子翻译成中文：“Economic growth has been the primary focus of national development strategies.”答案：经济增长一直是国家发展战略的主要焦点。
3. 请将下列中文句子翻译成英文：“科技创新是推动社会进步的关键因素。
”答案：Technological innovation is a key factor in driving social progress.4. 请将下列英文句子翻译成中文：“The company has recently undergone a significant restructuring p rocess.”答案：该公司最近经历了一次重大的重组过程。
5. 请将下列中文句子翻译成英文：“环境保护是每个公民的责任。
”答案：Environmental protection is the responsibility of every citizen.6. 请将下列英文句子翻译成中文：“The research findings suggest that early intervention is crucial for the treatment of this disease.”答案：研究结果表明，早期干预对于这种疾病的治疗至关重要。
7. 请将下列中文句子翻译成英文：“教育对于培养下一代具有不可替代的作用。
”答案：Education plays an irreplaceable role in nurturing the next generation.8. 请将下列英文句子翻译成中文：“The government has implemented new policies to address the housing crisis.”答案：政府已经实施了新政策来解决住房危机。
中国矿业大学(北京)博士英语汉译英作业答案
1、P123本刊只接受全部用英文写成的稿件。
来稿在4000字左右为宜。
论文必须另页附200字以内的中文摘要、100词以内英文摘要和不少于3个的主题词。
正文格式应符合以下要求：1、英文12磅字体；2、双倍行距；3、左右两边空白各不少于3.5厘米；4、单面打印；5、段落第一行行首缩进四个字符；6、加入页码；7、文内引语和参考书目采用美国心理学会（APA）的论文格式。
This journal accepts only papers in English. Keep the paper about 4000 words. Accompanying an Chinese abstract within 200 words an English abstract 100 words and no less than 3 keywords in another page. The following is the format of the text:1. Use font size 12 in English;2. Write on double-space;3. Leave margin at least 3.5 cm on the right and left sides;4. Type on only one side;5. Indent the first line of every paragraph with 4 spaces;6. Number the paper with pages;7. Adopt the format of APA for the introduction and the reference.2、P120本文针对当前我国对外经济法规汉英翻译的一些实际问题，探讨了以翻译规律来规范对外经济法规汉英翻译的可能性，提出了基本规律和特殊规律。
本文指出，对外经济法规汉英翻译必须遵循建立在服从法律英语的语言特点和表达规律基础上的对外经济法规翻译规律。