时态表格+谓语和非谓语
9.-非谓语动词(动词-ing形式和动词-ed-形式)
be addicted to…
沉迷于……
be absorbed in…
全神贯注于……
be aimed at…
旨在/意图……
be armed with…
有……装备
be buried in…
埋葬在……
be based on/upon… be burdened with… be crowded with… be covered with/by… be coated with… be combined with…
8. 固定句型 (1)There is no use/good/sense/harm＋doing sth. 做某事没用 (不好/没意义/没有害处) (2)have difficulty/trouble/problems/a hard time/a good time/ fun ＋ (in)＋doing (3)spend/waste/lose time (in) doing sth. (4)There is no... ＋ doing sth. (there is no 表“不可能”)
8. get, become, look, seem, appear, remain等系动词后都可跟
done, 表示被动或主语的状态，如remain seated/hidden, get
paid/dressed/changed/stuck/hurt/injured/ burnt等。
注：常用be done＋介词短语表示所处的状态，如下：
3．作定语 This is her father’s walking stick.
4．作宾语 When he came in, we all stopped talking.
注意： mind, miss, excuse, enjoy, escape consider, admit(承认)，
时态表格+谓语和非谓语
• 谓语
非谓语
• There are some people talking in the sitting room. • He hid behind a wall because he was afraid of letting her see his face. • A group of people had reached his house by then, hoping to kill him. • I will tell you whether you can go with us or not as soon as the meeting is over.
end
--以上表格参见《英语语法实践指南》p/149
学习语法谨记：
每一句话有且只有一个谓语结构。
非谓语 to do / to be done to have done / to have been done to be doing to have been doing doing / done / being done having done / having been done
将来 will do will be doing / will have done / will have
been doing would have been doing
过去 would 将来 do /
would be doing / would be would be done being done
一般进行完成完成进行现在过去将来过去将来一般进行完成完成进行现在过去将来过去将来dobedonebedoingbebeingdonehavedonehavebeendonehavebeendoingdidwasweredonewasdoingwasbeingdonehaddonehadbeendonehadbeendoingwilldowillbedonewillbedoingwillbebeingdonewillhavedonewillhavebeendonewillhavebeendoingwoulddowouldbedonewouldbedoingwouldbebeingdonewouldhavedonewouldhavebeendonewouldhavebeendoing以上表格参见英语语法实践指南p149学习语法谨记
英语时态和语态一览表
1、一般现在时
do
does
am, is, are
2、一般过去时
did
was
were
1）现在惯性的动作或存在的状态。
2）客观事实,真理或格言。
3）表示现在将来时。
（只用于时状或条状从句中）
1）过去习惯性的的动作或存在的状态。
2）用于“were-型”和“if-型”虚拟语气中。
should
bedone
would
1）在现在的将来发生的动作。
（注：含现在将来的意愿、预见或意图）
1）在过去的将来发生的动作。
（注：含过去将来的意愿、预见或意图）
9、现在将来完成时
shall
havebeen
willdone
→
10、过去将来完成时
should
havebeen
woulddone
1）在现在的将来某一时刻之前完成的动作。
are
4、过去进行时
was
beingdone
were
1）在现在某一时刻或某段时间里正在进行的动作。
2）按计划安排在现在的将来发生的动作。
1）在过去的某一时刻或某段时间里正在进行
的动作。
2）按计划安排在过去的将来发生的动作。
5、现在完成时
has
beendone
have
→
6、过去完成时
hadbeendone
1）在现在的将来发生的动作。
（注：含现在将来的意愿、预见或意图）
1）在过去的将来发生的动作。
（注：含过去将来的意愿、预见或意图）
11、现在将来进行时
shall
be
willdoing
英语时态16种表格
英语时态16种表格以下是英语时态的16种表格：基本时态（12种）：1.一般现在时(Simple Present)o结构：主语+ 动词原形/动词的第三人称单数形式o示例：I walk to school every day. (我每天步行上学。
)2.一般过去时(Simple Past)o结构：主语+ 过去式动词o示例：She worked at the library yesterday. (她昨天在图书馆工作。
)3.一般将来时(Simple Future)o结构：主语+ will/shall + 动词原形o示例：He will study abroad next year. (他明年将出国留学。
)4.现在进行时(Present Continuous)o结构：主语+ am/is/are + 动词-ing形式o示例：They are watching TV now. (他们现在正在看电视。
)5.过去进行时(Past Continuous)o结构：主语+ was/were + 动词-ing形式o示例：We were playing football when it started raining. (下雨的时候我们正在踢足球。
)6.将来进行时(Future Continuous)o结构：主语+ will be + 动词-ing形式o示例：I will be cooking dinner at 7 p.m. tonight. (今晚7点我将会在做饭。
)7.现在完成时(Present Perfect)o结构：主语+ have/has + 过去分词o示例：She has finished her homework already. (她已经完成了作业。
)8.过去完成时(Past Perfect)o结构：主语+ had + 过去分词o示例：They had left before I arrived. (在我到达之前他们就已经离开了。
谓语动词、非谓语动词 vs时态、语态
四级语法讲义一：时态：所谓的"时态"，就是时间+状态。
谓语动词的时态见下表：1．主动形式2．被动形式CET-4 常考的三种时态：过去完成时；将来完成时；（现在/过去）完成进行时。
时间状语从句当中的时态：一般过去时所有的过去用一般现在时表示现在和将来现在完成时现在完成和将来完成一．非谓语动词一．不定式：一）不定式的常考形式：1)一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others.被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do.语法功能：表示与谓语动词同步发生2)完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me.被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages.语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前二）不定式常考的考点：1）不定式做定语----将要发生2）不定式做状语----目的3）不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe.三)不定式的省略1)感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel+ do表示动作的完整性，真实性；+ doing表示动作的连续性，进行性I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。
(强调"我看见了"这个事实)I saw him working in the garden yesterday.昨天我见他正在花园里干活。
（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词：The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable.2) 使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后要还原toI ‘d like to have John do it.I have my package weighed.Paul doesn’t have to be mad e to learn.3) help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do四)有些动词后只跟不定式如：want，wish，hope，manage，promise，refuse，pretend，plan， offer，decide，agree，expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to doforce sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to dobe ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do五) 有的时候to后面要接-ing形式accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to; be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; besimilarity/similar to.三、need/want 后的-ing形式具有被动的意思。
动词时态语态、非谓语动词
⑤用现在进行时时表将来的词语：come go arrive leave begin start eg. I’m leaving for Beijing next month. ⑥用现在时表将来：火车时刻、飞机时刻、 电影开演、作息安排上 Eg. We are supposed to hurry up. The first class begins at 8 o’clock. ⑦be to+动词原形 Eg. I am to leave.
一般过去式： 一般过去式的动词形式: 使用动词的过去式，一般加ed Pack-Packed 以辅音加y结尾的动词变y为i加ed Carry-Carried但play—played 双写再加ed的 Plan-Planned 以e结尾的直接加d Like-Liked
一般将来时：
一般将来时的用法: ①将来发生的动作状态 Eg. He will go to school tomorrow. ②用will表示事物的固有属性和必然趋势 Eg. Fish will die without water. ③用be going to 表示计划、打算以及推测 Eg. We are going to read this book. It is going to rain tomorrow. ④be about to 表示立刻要发生的 Eg. The train is about to start.
6. How long ______you_______ (live) in this town? 7. You _______ (come) here last year, ______ you? 8. ----When ______ you______ (see) him? ----I______ (see) him last Sunday.
非谓语表格和人称代词表格
非谓语动词表格人称代词表格称代词表格形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别一.形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，用在名词前。
例：1. This is my book.这是我的书。
2. We love our motherland['m???l?nd] (祖国).我们热爱我们的祖国。
二.名词性物主代词起名词的作用。
例：1. Look at the two pencils. The red one is yours and the blue one is mine. 看那两支铅笔，红的是你的，蓝的是我的。
2. He likes my pen. He doesn't like hers.他喜欢我的钢笔。
不喜欢她的。
3. 注意：在使用名词性物主代词时，必须有特定的语言环境，也就是要省略的名词大家已经知道，已经提起过。
例：It's hers.是她的。
（单独使用大家不知是怎么回事，不可以这样用）There is a book. It's hers.那有本书。
是她的。
（先提及，大家才明白）4. 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词为避免重复使用名词，有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。
例：My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue and your bag is pink. 为避免重复使用bag，可写成My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and yours is pink.用法：1）物主代词既有表示所属的作用又有指代作用，例如：John had cut his finger; apparently[?'p?r?ntli] (显然地)there was a broken['br?uk?n]( break的过去分词破碎的;损坏的)glass on his desk.约翰割破了手指，显而易见，他桌子上有个破玻璃杯。
动词形式--谓语动词和非谓语动词
谓语形式（八大时态）be ( is, am, are)一般现在时情态动词：can, may, must, will, shall一般时行为动词：do, doesbe ( was, were)一般过去时情态动词：could, might, must, would, shall行为动词：did8进行时现在进行时：be ( is, am, are ) + doing过去进行时：be ( was, were ) + doing个一般将来时：will do将来时be ( is, am, are ) +going to过去将来时：would dobe ( was, were ) +going to完成时现在完成时：过去完成时：had + done语态：（2个）每个时态都有自己相应的被动语！1. 主动语态2. 被动语态（be done , be done to )类汇总【1. want to do sth 想去做某事= would like to do sth2.decide to do sth 决定去做某事3.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人去做某事4.need to do sth 需要去做某事5.ask sb to do sth 请求某人去做某事6. hope to do sth 希望去做某事.wish sb to do sth 祝愿某人去做某事7 expect sb to do sth 期望某人去做某事8.○I t is (名/形) for sb to do (形式主语···)I found ○I t (形) to do （形式宾语···）9.It takes sb`````to do 花费10. 形+enough to do 足够···去做= too ``` to ``` 太···而去···= so ``` that ``` 如此···以至于···11. learn to do sth 学着去做某事12.execise to do sth 练习去做某事13.invite sb to do sth 邀请某人去做某事14.happen to do sth 碰巧去做某事15.be supposed to do 被期望去做某事16.不定代词（something , anything , nothing , everything）to do17. there be ```doing （某处）有···正在发生某事there be ```to do （某处）有···将去做have ```doing （某人）有···正在发生have ```to do （某人）有···将去做18.afford to do sth 负担的起19.encourage sb to do 鼓励某人去做某事20. allow sb to do 允许某人去做某事allow doing sth 允许做某事21. how to do ```怎样去做what to do``` 去做什么where to do ``` 去哪里22.can’t wait to do 迫不及待去做23.prefer to do rather than do 比起···更喜欢·=prefer doing to doing··比起···更喜欢=would rather do than do 宁愿···也不···24 be done to do sth 被动语态句型25 be + 形容词to do ……【1.后面必须+doing 的动词：1.finish doing 完成做···2.enjoy doing 喜欢做···3.mind doing 介意做···4.keep doing 坚持，保持做···5.practice doing 练习做···6.suggest doing 建议做···7avoid|+doing 避免做某事2.介词后动词必须+doing：What about +doinglook forward to doing sth 期望去做某事be used to doing 习惯做某事thank for doing sth 感谢某人某事think about doing ath 考虑做某事can’t stop to do 迫不及待的去做。
非谓语动词非谓语形式详细
动词非谓语形式一．基本概念：顾名思义，不担任谓语成分而担任其他语法功能的动词称为非谓语动词，有to do（动词不定式） / -ing （现在分词 / 动名词） / -ed （过去分词）三个形式。
由于他们不受主语人称和数的限制，故也称为"非限定动词"。
（学习中不要刻意去区分现在分词和动名词）二．非谓语动词的时态和语态意义：英语中动词有两大基本特征：时态和语态的变化。
非谓语动词也是动词，当然也具备动词的这两大特征。
1. 时态概念：非谓语动词只有"过去、现在和将来"三个时间概念，他与谓语动词时态的区别是：谓语动词表示的是实际时间概念，如I am learning English.是指讲话的时候或那段时间里"我正在学英语"。
而非谓语动词的"过去、现在和将来"是指相对于谓语动词而言的"过去、现在和将来"，即先于谓语动词的行为或状态称为"过去时"，与谓语动词的行为或状态发生在同一时间（段）的称为"现在时"，而发生在谓语动词的行为或状态之后的称为"将来时"。
这个时间概念对于后面要讲的非谓语动词的句法功能是非常重要的。
2. 语态概念：与谓语动词一样，非谓语动词也有主动语态和被动语态之分。
将非谓语动词的上述时态和语态概念用表格归纳如下：也就是要记住四句话：(1) 表示将来时；(2) 表示现在时；(3) 表示过去时（一定是被动的）(4) 动词不定式的完成时表示过去时非谓语动词的上述时态和语态概念是理解非谓语动词句法功能、应试判题和翻译的基础。
请你判断一下，下面句子中的非谓语动词是什么时态和语态：Your duty is to look after the sick child. (你的责任是照料这个病孩。
将来 / 主动)The sick child needs to be looked after by a special person. (这个病孩需要专人照顾。
非谓语动词 语法讲解
1.This cup is broken. (作表语 2.This is a broken cup. (作表语） 作表语） 3.I found the cup broken.(作宾语补足语） 作宾语补足语） 4.Broken by Tom, the cup can’t be used. (作状语） 作状语） ★过去分词一般不作主语、宾语.
1.To see you is glad. 作主语） （作主语） =It’s glad to see you. (作宾语） 作宾语） 作宾语 2.I want to see you. 3.I want him to see you. 作宾补） （作宾补） (作表语） 作表语） 4.My hope is to see you. 作表语 5.He is the man to see you. 作定语） （作定语） 6.I’m glad to see you. 作原因状语） （作原因状语） 作目的状语） （作目的状语） 7.I went to see you. 8.He went so early as to see you （作结果状语） 作结果状语）
(3)下列动词接不定式与接 下列动词接不定式与接~ing形式意义相近： 形式意义相近： 下列动词接不定式与接 形式意义相近
like，love, hate, dislike, begin, start, prefer， ， ， continue, intend，attempt等. ， 等 e.g：I prefer making (to make) an outline before I do my oral
I prefer to stay at home today．(具体某次行为) today． 具体某次行为) He prefers walking to cycling．(惯常行为) cycling． 惯常行为) *一般说来不能用于进行时的动词如：realize， 一般说来不能用于进行时的动词如：realize， know，understand，see，lose等，多用不定式 know，understand，see，lose等，多用不定式 如：I 如：I began to realize I had been wrong. We hate to lose the chance . Now we are beginning to see it more clearly.
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进行
完成
完成进行
have been doing had been doing
be doing / be have done / have been done being done done had done / 过去 did / was, was doing / were had been was being done done done / will be will be being done done will have been done would have done / would have been done
将来 will do will be doing / will have done / will have
been doing would have been doing
过去 would 将来 do /
would be doing / would be would be done being done
endΒιβλιοθήκη --以上表格参见《英语语法实践指南》p/149
学习语法谨记：
每一句话有且只有一个谓语结构。
非谓语 to do / to be done to have done / to have been done to be doing to have been doing doing / done / being done having done / having been done
• 谓语
非谓语
• There are some people talking in the sitting room. • He hid behind a wall because he was afraid of letting her see his face. • A group of people had reached his house by then, hoping to kill him. • I will tell you whether you can go with us or not as soon as the meeting is over.