高中主谓一致讲解及练习
主谓一致
主谓一致指人称和数方面的一致关系。主谓一致可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致。
一、语法一致原则：即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数。以下为注意事项：
1. 单数主语即使后面带有with, along with, together with, like, but, except, besides, as well as, as much as, accompanied by, no less than, rather than, including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数。
如：Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质。
No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。
2. 用and 连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如:
The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.（一个人）
A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. （两样物）
用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体，如:bread and butter黄油抹面包）,knife and fork（刀叉）等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
3. 不定式（短语）, 动名词（短语）, 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。如：
Serving the people is my great happ in ess为人民服务是我最大的幸福.
When we' II goout for an outing has been decided我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。
what从句作主语时的主谓一致what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。但如果其后是系表结构，表语为复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
What she said is correc．t 她说的是正确的。
What he gave me are five English books 他给我的是5 本英语书。
What he needs is money 他需要的是钱。
若用and连接两个动名词、不定式短语或主语从句，表示两个不同的概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。若表示同一概念，则谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Early to rise and early to bed is a good habit 早起早睡是个好习惯。
When and where the building will be built hasn '．t been decided
何时何地建大楼还未定下来。
Making mistakes and learning to correct them are a part of lif．e
犯错误和学会改正错误是生活的一部分。
What you eat and how much you exercise are importa nt factors in a weight loss progra m 你所吃的与你锻炼的量对你的减肥计划都是重要的因素。
4. 连接的并列主语被each, every, no 或many a 修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.
Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.
No teacher and no stude nt was abse nt from the meet ing.没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.
Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。
5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:
Each of us has someth ing to say我们每个人都有话要说。
We each have something to say.
6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。但more+复数名词+than one做主语时，谓语动词仍用复数.如：
Many a boy likes playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球.
More than one student was late. 不只一个学生迟到
More pers ons tha n one come to help us 不止一个人来帮助我们。
7.
7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 但是当either／neither of. . .构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式(在口语中也可视为复数)
女口：None of us are (is) perfect.人无完人。
None of the money was paid to me.
Either of the girls is Ann sister.那两个女孩中有一个是安的姐姐。
Neither of them is going to give up the chanee他们两个都不打算放弃那个机会。
8.名词如：trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasse等作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数.如：
His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如：
A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼镜。
8. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Night <天方夜谈>; 以及The United Nations<联合国> 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
9. “名+司+and a half ” , “ one and a&词f”+ ,“the number o名+司”等作主语时，谓语动词要
用单数.女口：Only one and a half apples is left on the table.
注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如:
One or two places have bee n visited.参观了一两个地点。
二、内容一致原则：
1. 主语中有all, half, most, the rest等，以及分数或百分数+名词”做主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词。如:
The rest of the bikes are on sale today. 剩下的自行车，今天出售。
60%of the apple was eaten by little boy. 这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了。
Most of the apples were rotten. 大部分的苹果都是烂的。
Most of the apple was eaten by a rat. 这个苹果的大部分被老鼠吃了。
2. 不定数量的词组，如:part of , a lot of , lots of , one of , a number of , plenty of 等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数。如:
A part of the textbooks have arrived. 一小部分教科书已运到。
A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig. 这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了。
3. 加减乘除用单数。如：Fifteen minus five is ten . 15减去5等于10。
4. 表示时间, 金钱, 距离, 度量等的名词做主语时, 尽管是复数形式, 它们做为一个单一的概念时, 其谓语动词用单数。如：Ten miles is a good dista nee.十英里是一个相当的距离。
5. 集合名词的主谓一致
1）通常作复数的集体名词。包括police , people, cattle, folk, poultry（家禽）等，这些集体名词通常用作复数.如:
The British police have only very limited powers.
2）表示类别总称的集合名词通常作不可数名词。包括equipment, furniture, clothing （衣服），luggage,
jewelry, machinery （机械）等.
3）可作单数也可作复数的集体名词。包括audience, committee, government, family, enemy, group,
party, team, public 等。如：
The committee has/have decided to dismiss him 委员会决定解雇他。
6. the +形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数。如:
The injured were saved after the fire.
当某些形容词同定冠词连用表示某类事物或表示某一类抽象概念作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式The beautiful lives forever .美是永存的。
The old gives place to the new 新陈代谢。
7. 单复数同形的名词与谓语动词的一致
单复数同形的名词作主语，要根据上下文的意义以及修饰这些词的词来确定其谓语形式。常见的这部分名词有aircraft，crossroads deer，fish，headquarters series, sheep species works （工厂）等。如：
The crossroads is7are dangerous 这个（些）十字路口很危险。
Every means has been tried 各种方法都试过了。
All possible means have been tried 所有可能的方法都试过了。
A steel works has just bee n built there 那儿冈H建了一座钢厂。
Lots of aircraft were sent there 很多飞机被派往那儿。
注意fishes表示各种各样的鱼”。
名词clothes, works（作着作”讲），goods, contents, the Olympic Games的谓语动词律律用复数。如：
Clothes keep people warm 衣服使人保暖。
His works have been translated into several foreign languages
他的着作已经被翻译成了好几种外语。
若表示一套衣服”，可用a suit of clotheso clothes不可与不定冠词a或数词连用。
若表示“一部作品”用 a work, “两部作品”用two works。
、就近原则
1. 由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中, （有时主语不止一个时）谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。如：Here comes the bus公共汽车来了.
Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you. 给你一支钢笔和几张纸。
2. 用连词or, either.... or, neither ….nor, not only等连接的并a te 主语，谓语动词与靠近它的
主语在数上一致。如：
Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about i学生和老师都不知道这事.
He or you have taken my pen. 他或你拿了我的钢笔。
3．主语由肯定否定两部分构成时，谓语与肯定的一致。如：
Not you but I am to answer for it．／I，not you，am to answer for it．
对此负责的是我而不是你
4. 表示数量的“one and a half+数名词”作主语时，其谓语要用单数形式。如：
One and a half bananas is left on the tab．le 桌子上还剩有一个半香蕉。
One and a half hours is enoug.h 一个半小时足够了。
注意：one of +复数名词+who/that/which 引导的定语从句中, 定语从句的动词为复数。如：
Mary is one of those people who keep pets.玛丽是饲养宠物者之一。
The only one of +复数名词+ who/that./which 引导的定语从句中，定语从句的动词应为单数。
Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets 玛丽是唯一一个饲养宠物的人。
1. “a an+单数名词+or two作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
A student or two has failed the exam 一两个学生考试不及格。
“ one or two复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
One or two students were planting trees yesterday afternoon
昨天下午有一两个学生在植树。
2. 在“lt+be被强调部分+that/who...结构中，be用单数形式is或was,如被强调部分是主语，that ／who 后的谓语与被强调部分的人称、数保持一致。如：
It is I who am a stude n t 我是学生。
It is they who have worked there for five years 是他们在那儿工作了5 年。
3. “the majority of复数名词”作主语时，用复数谓语。the majority单独作主语时，谓语既可用单数，也可用复数形式。如：
The majority of boys like football .大多数男孩喜爱足球。
The majority was/ were in favour of banning smoki ng. 大多数人支持禁烟。
The majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio 多数人喜欢电视胜过广播。
4. .................................................................................................................... “an average o复数名词”作主语与复数动词连用，意思是平均有............................... ”；“the average of+数名词”作主语与单数动词连用，意思是“??…的平均数”女口：
An average of 3，000 people come to visit this famous school every yea.r
每年平均有三千人来这所名校参观。
The average of 14，3 and 1 is 6. 14，3和1的平均数是6。
5. “a total of复数名词”作主语与复数动词连用，意思是总共有.... ”；“the totabf+复数名词”作主语与单数动词连用，意思是“??…的总数”女口：
A total of 300 letters were received last month 上个月总共收到了三百封信。
The total of letters received last month was 30.0 上个月收到的信总数是三百封。
6. 当man（人类）,the world（世界上的人，人类）作主语时，谓语用单数。如：
Only man knows how to cook.只有人类懂得烹饪。
Only man is capable of speech只有人类才具有说话的能力。
All the world knows that the earth is rou nd.世界上的人都知道地球是圆的。
7. population 表示“人口”，即一个国家或地区的居民数目，它作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。当它前面有分数或百分数时，population 是指一个国家或地区的全体居民，它作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数形式，但当后面出现复数名词与其呼应时，谓语动词最好用复数形式。如：
The population of Canada is about 29 million. 加拿大的人口约为2 900万。
Just under a third of the population now smoke/s smoke in this country.
在这个国家目前吸烟人数不到总人口的三分之一。
About eighty percent of the population of this country are peasants. 这个国家大约百分之八十的人口是农民。
8. 由“ a kind qfthis kind of，ma ny kin ds of 和'名词+of this kind 等，”以及由与kind 意义相似的
type，sort，form，part，piece，section 等构成的类似短语作主语时，谓语动词与of 前的名词保持数的一致。如：
A kind of birds has been discovered by them 他们发现了一种鸟。
A part of the book is not interesting.这本书里有一部分内容没趣。
Parts of the book are very instructive．这本书有几部分内容很有教育意义。
These are two different forms of the same thing．这些是同一事物两种不同的形式。
_____ died in the terrible fire in Luoyang last winter.
A. hundreds people
B. hundred people
C. hundreds peoples
D. hundred peoples
2. Either you or the president ______ the prizes to these gifted winners at the meeting.
A. is handing out
B. are to hand out
C. are handing out
D. is to hand out
3. I, who ____ your close friend, will try my best to help you out of trouble.
A. am
B. is
C. are
D. be
4. The Olympic Games in the year 2008 _____ in Beijing of China, which _____ known to us all.
A. is to hold; is
B. is to be held; was
C. are to hold; is
D. are to be held; is
5. There ___ a lot of rubbish on the floor so I asked Mary to sweep ____ up.
A. were; it
B. are; them
C. was; it
D. is; them
6. Three million tons of coal _____ every year in the city.
A. is exploited
B. are exploited
C. had exploited
D. have exploited
7. Stories of the Long March ______ p opular with the young people now.
A. is
B. was
C. are
D. were
8. Mathematics ______ the language of science.
英语主谓一致练习全集
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(完整版)主谓一致详解超详细
1、形式一致 主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式 主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式 2、语意一致 谓语动词用单数的清况 1）当名词词组中心词为表示金钱、时间、度量、距离、价格等复数名词时，把这些复数名词看作一个整体。谓语动词采用单数形式。 Twenty-five dollars is too much to pay for that shirt． Fifty minutes isn’t enough to finish this test． Ten miles seems like a long walk to me． 2 以“-s”结尾的书刊名、国名、组织名、游戏名、运动名，谓语动词用单数 以-ics结尾的名词指一门学科时，常用单数谓语动词形式。当这些名词表示实际内容时，谓语动词则用复数形式。 这类单词有：economics经济学electronics电子学 physics物理学politics政治学 mathematics数学statistics统计学 Roots was a novel about a slave family． His politics were a matter of great concern to his friend． Politics is his favorite subject． Statistics show that approximately 40 percent of all marriages in the US end in divorce． Statistics is a subject that is difficult to learn． 3) 有些表示某类别的总称的集合名词，如：machinery(机械)，clothing(衣服)，luggage(行李)，furniture(家具)，equipment(设备)，jewelry(珠宝)等作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：My luggage was sent by air． The equipment of our factory is all imported from Britain． 4) 不定式、现在分词和从句作主语，谓语动词通常用单数： Playing with fire is dangerous． 注意：若用and连接两个动名词、不定式短语或主语从句，表示两个不同的概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。若表示同一概念，则谓语动词用单数形式 Early to rise and early to bed is a good habit． When and where the building will be built hasn’t been decided． 主语从句要根据从句表达的意思而定 What she said is correct．What he gave me are five English books． 谓语动词用复数的情况 1）由and或both...and...连接两个单数名词作主语时，指的是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式(不可数名词同样)。如： Fire and water do not agree． 注意如果and连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语动词必须用单数。
高考英语语法主谓一致专题讲解练习含答案
在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词在人称和数上必须和主语保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。主谓一致大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致。 语法一致原则 语法一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 1．单数名词、代词、动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。 ?To study French well is not easy. 学好法语不容易。 ?What he said is very important for us all. 他说的话对我们大家很重要。 【注意】由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式；但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 ?What I bought were three Chinese books. 我买的是三本中文书。 ?What I say and do are helpful to you. 我所说的、所做的都对你有帮助。 2．由连接词and或both...and...连接起来的合成主语后面，谓语动词要用复数形式。 ?Both she and he are middle school students. 他和她都是中学生。 【注意】(1)若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或事(物)时，主语后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。 ?The writer and artist has come. 那个兼有作家和艺术家双重身份的人来了。 ?To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit. 早睡早起是个好习惯。 (2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果有no, each, every, more than a(an), many a(an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。 ?No boy and no girl likes it. 男孩和女孩没有一个喜欢这个的。
(英语)英语主谓一致解题技巧及练习题
（英语）英语主谓一致解题技巧及练习题 一、主谓一致 1．—What’s in the picture on the wall? —There a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground. A．has B．are C．is D．have 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意“-在墙上的照片里有什么？-一个老师和一些学生在操场上踢足球”。本题考查there be 的用法。there be不与have连用，排除A和D；there be中的be动词遵循“就近一致”原则，即与最近的a teacher保持一致，用单数is，故选C。 2．In our class _____ of the students _____ girls. A．third fifths; is B．third fifth; are C．three fifth; is D．three fifths; are 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我们班五分之三的学生是女孩。 在英语中表示分数，分子要用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于一时，分母用复数形式。五分之三应该是three fifths;另外，分数+名词复数作主语的时候，后面的谓语动词应该用复数。所以选D。 3．（用在否定句中）也,而且;根本 If you don't go, I won't either. 你如不去,我也不去。 It won't do them any good, but it won't do them any harm either. 这对他们没有好处,但也没有坏处。 4．（两者之中）任何一个 I don't agree with either of you on these issues. 在这些问题上,你们两个我都不同意。 连接词 conj. 5．The rest of students in the classroom ______my classmates. A．is B．are C．be D．am 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：教室内的其他学生是我的同学们。本句主语The rest of students为复数形式，故系动词用复数形式are，选B。 考点：主谓一致