最全的高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习-(精华版)

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主谓一致-讲解++练习(全)

主谓一致-讲解++练习(全)

主谓一致的用法及专项练习题一、主谓一致三原则主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致,主谓一致必须遵循三原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。

1、语法一致原则:指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。

Tom is a good student。

汤姆是个好学生。

They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。

2、意义一致:指主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,因此谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,这是谓语动词用单数形式。

My family are having lunch now。

我们一家人现在正吃午饭。

Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book。

这本书20美元太贵了。

3、就近一致:指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近他的主语。

例如:Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球,而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。

There is a pen and some books on the desk。

课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

二、主谓一致常考题型1、单数名词(代词)/不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式;复数名词(代词)作主语,谓语用复数形式。

The desk is Tom’s. 这张桌子是汤姆的。

Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。

The students are playing football on the playground。

这些学生正在操场上踢足球。

2、“a great/ good many+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

但“many a+名词”作主语,意义虽为“许多",但谓语要用单数形式.Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

高中英语主谓一致精析及强化训练一)主谓一致的种类1.语法形式上的一致主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。

如:The number of the students present is 200. Jane and Mary look alike.2.意义上一致1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。

如:The crowd were shouting.单数形式代表复数内容的词有:people, , cattle,等。

2)主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。

如:The news was so surprising.形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,如physics,politics, economics等。

特殊词解析:1. majoritythe majority表示“大多数”时,为集合名词;单独用作主语时,如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数形式;如果强调个体,谓语动词用复数形式。

如:The majority agree [agrees] with me. 大多数人同意我的意见。

The majority was [were] in favour of the proposal. 多数人赞成这个建议。

但是若单独用的the majority后跟有复数表语,则谓语通常要用复数。

如:The majority are young people.2. “the majority of+复数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数,如:The majority of his books are kept upstairs. 他的大部分书藏在楼上。

The majority of people realize the importance of limiting population growth.minority作主语时谓语用单数还是复数minority表示“少数”时,为集合名词;单独用作主语时,如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数形式;如果强调个体,谓语动词用复数形式(具体用法与majority大致同相)。

高中英语主谓一致讲解与练习

高中英语主谓一致讲解与练习

高中英语主谓一致(一)主谓一致的应用1.名词作主语1)某些集体名词,如family, team等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。

如:His family is a happy one.The whole family are watching TV.这类名词有:audience,class,club,company,crew,enemy,crowd,government,group,party,public,team等。

2)某些集体名词,如people, police, cattle等,只当复数看待,谓语动词必须用复数。

如:The police are searching for the thief.4)当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时,往往可以根据意义一致的原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语用单数形式。

如:Three years has passed since then.5)不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。

如:Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema.6)如果主语有more than one很多非常…或many a许多……构成,尽管从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。

如:More than one student has read the book.Many a girl has been there.7)一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式,例如:glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。

但如果主语用“a kind of, a pair of , a series of等加名词”构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习高中英语主谓一致一)主谓一致的种类1.语法形式上的一致主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。

如:The number of the students present is 200.Jane and Mary look alike.2.意义上一致1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。

如:The family were eating.2)主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。

如:The news was so surprising.形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,如physics,politics, economics等。

3.就近原则即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。

如用连词or,either…or, neither…not, not only…but also等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。

如:Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this.(二)主谓一致的应用1)不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。

如:Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema.2)如果主语有more than one很多非常…或many a许多……构成,尽管从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。

如:More than one student has read the book.Many a girl has been there.7)一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式,例如:glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。

高中英语语法:主谓一致-讲解与练习

高中英语语法:主谓一致-讲解与练习

主谓一致Ⅰ. 主谓一致原则含义:在英语句子中,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。

分类:语法一致原则、逻辑意义一致原则、就近原则。

Ⅱ. 语法一致原则:谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。

1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。

His father is working on the farm.To study English well is not easy.Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.What he said is true.【注意】★由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。

What I bought were three English books.What I say and do has nothing to do with you.★ a pair of +表无生命的名词+单数谓语;a pair of +表人或动物的名词+单数/复数谓语:This pair of shoes is not mine.The happy pair is / are going to Hawaii for their honeymoon.2.―单数名词+ and + 单数名词‖作主语,谓语动词用复数:You and I are good friends.The boy and the girl were so surprised when they heard the news.【注意】★如果and 并列的主语指的是同一个人或物时,谓语动词用单数:a/ the + 单数名词(人)+ and + 单数名词(人)+ 单数谓语a/ the + 单数名词(人)+ and + a/ the + 单数名词(人)+ 复数谓语The dancer and singer was greeted by a crowd of people.The dancer and the singer were greeted by a crowd of people.★由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式:Every man, woman, and child needs love.Each boy and girl was given a book.Every minute and every second is precious.★有些用and连接起来的单数名词,由于关系密切,已被看成一个整体,因而作主语时,谓语单词用单数。

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

高中英语主谓一致一)主谓一致的种类1.语法形式上的一致1) 主语为单数形式(一个单数名词,一个ving(短语),一个to do(短语)或一个从句),谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式(复数名词,两个或两个以上的ving(短语)、to do(短语)或从句),谓语动词也用复数形式。

如:The number of the students present is 200.Jane and Mary look alike.Giving Plastics and rubber never rot.Walking and riding are good exercises.2)当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单、复数视主语而定。

如:The teacher as well as the students was reading in the library.3)不定代词作主语,主语是one,another,the other,either,somebody,anybody,everybody,nobody,someone,anyone,everyone, no one,something,anything,everything,nothing等,谓语用单数。

Nobody knows exactly how many species of plants and animals are on Earth.Everyone was calm.4)复数形式的名词作主语。

主语是glasses, shorts, shoes, scissors, gloves, trousers等复数名词,谓语用复数。

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

2) 某些集体名词,如 family, audience,class,club,company,enemy,crowd,government,group,party,public,
team 等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形
式。如:
His family is a happy one.
Do(es) any of you know his address ?
None of them has(have)seen the film.
4)复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时,按意义一致原则,作用单数意义时,谓语用单数,反之,谓语用复数。
这类名词有:means(方法),works(工厂),species(种类),Chinese,Japanese 等。单、复数同形的名词 deer,sheep
做主语时,谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。如:
A sheep is over there.
Some sheep are over there.
如:
The (This) glass works was set up in 1980. (这家玻璃厂建于 1980 年。) The(These)glass works are near the railway station. (这些玻璃厂在火车站附近。) 5)主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数,形复意单的单词有 news 和一些以 ics 结尾的学科名称,如 physics,politics, economics 等。 如:The news was so surprising. 6)当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时,往往可以根据意义一致的原则,把这 些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语用单数形式。如: Three years has passed since then. Ten pounds is enough. 7)“名词+and+名词”做主语,并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式,这 时 and 后面的名词前没有冠词。如: The girl’s teacher and friend is a young doctor. To love and to be loved is great happiness. Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. A knife and fork is on the table. 8)“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语,要根据 of 后的名词确定谓语动词的单复数。名词为不可数名词或单数可数名 词时,谓语用单数;名词为复数时,谓语用复数。 80% of e-mails on the Internetare in English. Two thirds of the apple is rotten. Two thirds of the apples are rotten. 9) 名词化的形容词作主语 如果主语由“the+形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数,这类词有:the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dumb, the oppressed, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed 等;但也有少 数的过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别,则用单数。如: The blind study in special schools. The departed was a well-known engineer. 这类形容词或分词如果要表示个体时,就要与名词 man, person 或表示人的单数连和,如:an old man, a rich person, the(a)wounded soldier 10) 不定代词“each,/every+单数名词+and+单数名词”或“each,/every+单数名词+and+ each,/every+单数名词”作主 语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如: Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema. In other words, every action and movement in Beijing Opera is important. 11) 从句作主语 由 what 引导的主语从句,谓语动词通常用单数,但由 what 引导的主语从句所指的具体内容是复数意义时,谓语动 词一般用复数形式,例如: What we need is more time What we need are doctors. 12) “a number of+名词复数”,谓语用复数,“the number of +复数名词”谓语用单数。 13)“a quantity of +不可数名词/可数名词”作主语,谓语动词的数取决于名词是否可数。“quantities of +不可数名词 / 可数名词” 作主语,谓语用复数。 A large quantity of beer was drunk. A large quantity of nuts are on the table. (large) Quantities of nuts are on the table. 3.就近原则,即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。 1) 用连词 or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also 等连接的名词(代词)作主语时,谓语动词的单复数应根据 就近一致的原则。如:

高中英语语法-主谓一致讲解、练习及答案

高中英语语法-主谓一致讲解、练习及答案

第1章主谓一致一.概念:主谓一致是指:1)语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。

2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。

3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。

例如:There is much water in the thermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.二.相关知识点精讲1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,例如:Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。

注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。

例如:The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。

典型例题The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were答案 B. 注:先从时态上考虑。

这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除 A.,C。

本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别,monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。

后面的职务用and 相连。

这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B。

2. 主谓一致中的靠近原则1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。

例如:There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。

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高中英语之“主谓一致”(**)主谓一致的概念。

所谓主谓一致是指“主语和谓语动词”之间,即(主语的人称和单复数形式)决定着(谓语动词对应的形式)。

(一)主谓一致的种类一、【语法一致】1. vand连接〉两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况:(1)如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候,谓语动词用复数。

He and she ____ both students of this school.他和她都是这个学校的学生。

(2)如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物,或者指同一概念的时候,谓语要用单数。

The singer and dancer ___ going to give us a performance.那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。

The knife and fork ____ o n the table.刀叉在桌子上。

2. 如果主语是<不定式,动词ing形式或主语从句>的时候,谓语动词一般用单数。

When he is coming seems very important.他什么时候要来看起来很重要。

Collecting stamps is his hobby.收集邮票是他的爱好。

To love her is not to break her wings.爱她就不该折断她自由飞翔的翅膀。

3.定语从句的<关系代词who, which, that>在从句中作主语时,要与<先行词>的人称和数保持一致。

Those who enjoy singing may join us.Tom, who is your friend, should help you.with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数<随主语的变化>而变化。

例如:The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street.老师和他的学生们正在街道上植树。

二、[意义一致原则],但在意义上却是复数;有指主谓一致取决于主语的其实际意义。

(有的主语名词在形式上是单数的主语名词在形式上是复数,但在意义上却是单数。

)不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。

All of the apples ___ rotten.所有的苹果都烂了。

All of the apple ____ rotten.整个苹果都烂了。

None of the money ____ l eft.没有剩下一点钱。

None of the students ____ there.没有学生在那里。

2. the rest of; half of; part of; majority of; percent of; one third of 在句子中加名词作主语的时候,v 谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致>。

Half of the students _____ finished their composition.一半的学生已经完成了他们的作文。

Half of the apple ___ bad.一半的苹果坏了。

About 60 percent of the students in our school ___ boys.我们学校,大约百分之六十的学生是男生.3. 集合名词作主语,动词可用单数,也可以用复数。

主要由句子的意思决定。

强调整体谓语动词用单数;指全体人员时,动词则用复数。

这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group。

His family ___ g oing out.他们全家要外出。

His family ___ a ll music lovers.他们全家人都是音乐爱好者。

4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单数,但意义上是复数,谓语动词应用复数。

people指“民族”时是例外。

The police are searching for a thief.The cattle are eating grass on the hill.5. 复合不定代词作主语,谓语动词要用单数,女口someone ‘somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing。

Someone is asking for you.有人找你。

Nothing is found in the room.在屋子里什么也没找到。

一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式,例如:glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissc等。

但如果主语用“ a kind of, a pair of , a series of 等力口名词”构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。

如:The pair of shoes is worn out.这双鞋破了。

The shoes are worn out.鞋子破了。

7.某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics等,谓语动词应用单数。

Physics is a very interesting subject.物理是一门很有趣的学科。

如:不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词<即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时>,谓语动词仍用单数形式。

every... and every ...; each ... and each ...; no ... and no ... 在以上短语中and 连接的单数名词, 整个短语在句中作主语时,谓语动词常使用单数。

Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema.Each man and each woman is asked to attend.Every boy and every girl in the class is diligent. 班级中的每个男孩女孩都很用功。

No sound and no voice is heard. 听不至U任何声音。

9. 以a number of作主语时,谓语动词用复数;以the number of作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

A number of new books are on the desk.The number of students in you class is 50.10. 有些名词的单数和复数形式一样,作主语的时候,其谓语动词由上下文决定,这一类名词有:means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。

Not every means is useful.不是每种方法都好使。

Not all means are useful.不是所有的方法都好使。

11. 如果主语有more than one很多非常…或many a许多 .... 构成,one and a half与单数名词组成的短语。

尽管从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。

如:More than one student has read the book.Many a girl has been there.但是,“more +复数名词+than one ”结构之后,谓语动词一般多用复数形式。

如:More members than one are against your plan.A pair of shoes was on the desk.Many a boy has seen it. 许多孩子都看到了。

12. 书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。

Thirty years is not a long time.Roots is a famous American novel.三、[就近原则]either ... or; neither ... nor; not only ... but also, whether...or 在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。

Neither you nor I am wrong.There is a cup of tea and some appleson the table.as well as, together with, but, except,like,besides , ratherthan 在句子中连接主语的时候,谓语动词要与前面的主语保持一致Everybody except you is down on me.除了你,大家都看不起我。

A woman with two children has come. 一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了John, rather than his roommates, is to blame.约翰,而不是他的室友,应受责备Jim, together with his classmates, has seen the film.吉姆和他的同学都看看过这电影[注意事项]this kind of book = a book of this kind (这种书),其谓语用单数;短语this kind of men = men of this kind = these kind of men (口语)(这一类人),但this kind of men 的谓语用单数,men of this kind 和these kind of men的谓语用复数,all kinds of后跟复数名词,谓语用复数形式。

例如:This kind of men is dangerous.Men of this kind are dangerous.2. 在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。

例如:Between the two windows hangs a picture.3. "分数或百分数+ 名词”构成的短语以及由“ a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of +名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致,这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词,而短语中前面的量词是修饰语。

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