1.Freedom for Black Americans
美国文学题目(1)
1. ________is not a play written by Tennessee Williams.A. Cat on Hot Tin RoofB. The Glass MenagerieC. Death of a SalesmanD. A Streetcar Named Desire2. From ______ in the 1920s, Black(or African- American) literature started one upsurge after another.A. The Harlem RenaissanceB. The Beat MovementC. The Lost GenerationD. The worker’s movement3. Which of the following is not said about Ezra Pound?A. For he was politically, controversial and notorious for what he did in the wartime, his literary achievement and influence are somewhat reduced.B. His artistic talents are on full display in the history of the imagist movement.C. From his analysis of Chinese ideogram Pound learned to another his poetic language in concrete, perceptual reality and to organize images into large patterns through juxtaposition.D. His language is usually oblique yet marvelously compressed and his poetry is dense with personal literary and historical allusions.4. In A Farewell to Arms, Hemingway_______.A. emphasizes his belief that man is trapped both physically and mentally and suggests that m an is doomed to be entrapped.B. Wrote the epitaph to a decade and to the whole generation in the 1930sC. Favored the idea of nature as an expression of either god’s design or his beneficence.D. Tells a story about the tragic love affair of a wounded American soldier with a French nurse5. Eugene O’neill is remembered for his tragic view of life, and most of his plays are about_____.A. The root, the truth of human desires and human frustrationsB. The moral nature of the modern mankindC. The relationship between man and nature as well as an and womanD. The inner contradiction of men before the red world6. Which of the following does not describe the strikingly successful artistic techniques in Catch-22？A. BurlesqueB. black humorC. anti-heroD.simple plot7. In his poems, Robert Frost combined traditional verse to forms with________.A. A simple spoken language the speech of New England farmersB. The pastoral language of the southern areaC. The difficult and highly ornamental languageD. Both A and B8. The literary characters of the America type in early 19th century are generally characterized by all the following Features except that they_______.A. Speak local dialectsB. are polite and elegant gentlemanC..are simple and crude farmersD. are noble savage (red and white) untainted by society9. The Raven was written in 1844 by_______.A. Philip FreneauB. Edgar Allan PoeC. Henry Wadsworth LongfellowD. Emily Dickinson10. The main issues involved in the debate of Transcendentalism and generally philosophically concerning______.A. The cold, rigid rationalism of UnitarianismB. The relationship between man and womenC. He development of Romanticism in AmericaD. Nature man and the universe11. ______ can be broadly defined as“the faithful representation of reality”or “verisimilitude”it includes the period of time from the civil war to the turn of the century.A. American Realism C.American SentimentalismB. American Transcendentalism D. American Romanticism12. Which of the following works is not be Ernest Hemingway?A. The Old Man and SeaB. A Farewell to ArmsC.Sound and FuryD. For whom to Bell Tolls13. Iceberg Theory is a writing principle proposed and closely followed by________.A. Jack LondonB. Sinclair LewisC. William FaulknerD. Ernest Hemingway14. Which of the following is said of the American Naturalism?A. They preferred to have their own region and people at the forefront of the storiesB. Their characteristic setting is an isolated townC. Their characters were conceived more or less complex combinations or inherited attributes, their habits conditioned by social and economic forcesD. Humans should be united because they had to adapt themselves to changing environmental conditions15. As a great innovator in American literature, Walt Whitman wrote his poetry in an unconventional style which is now called_______, that is_________.A. Hymn, poetry with chanting refrains.B. Blank verse, poetry without rhymes at the end of the lines but with a fixed beat.C. Free verse, poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.D. Ode, poetry in an irregular metric form and expressing noble feeling.16. By the end of he 19th century, the realists had rejected the portrayal of idealized characters and event, instead, sought to______.A. Describe the wide range of American experienceB. Present the subtleties of human personalityC. Show animal nature of human beingsD. Both A and B17. In all his novels Theodore Dreiser set himself to project the _____American values. For example, in Sister Carrie, there is no one character whose status is not determined economically.A. PuritansB. MaterialisticC. PsychologicalD. Religions18. _______was poet in American modern period who was deeply influence by Eastern culture.A. T.S.EliotB. Robert FrostC. Ezra PoundD. Walt Whitman19. Which of the following is not a typical feature of Henry James’s writing style?A. Exquisite and elaborateB. minute and detailed descriptionsB. lengthy psychological analyses D. American colloquialism20. In American literature, the 18th century was the age of Enlightenment. ______was the dominant spirit.A. HumanismB. rationalismC. DevolutionD. Evolution21. About the novel The Scarlet Letter, which of the following statement is not right?A. It is a love story and a story of sinB. It is a highly symbolic story as the author is a master of symbolismC. It is mainly about the moral emotional and psychological effects of the sin upon the main characters and the people in generalD. In it the letter A takes the same symbolic meaning throughout the novel22. American Colonial literature is longer than any other literary and sermons, which started when the first settlers kept diaries and sermons and developed till________.A. The mid of 18th centuryB. early 17th centuryB. the end of 17th century D. the end of 18th century23. Which of the following works concerns most concentrated the Calvinistic view of original sin?A. The WastelandB. The Scarlet LetterC. Leaves of GrassD. As I Lay Dying24. Whitman’s poem are characterized by all the following features except______.A. Strict poetic formB. a simple and conversationallanguageB. a free and natural rhythmic pattern D. an easy flow of feelings25.Which of the following is not written by Faulkner? A. The Sound and Fury B.A Rose for EmilyD. Tender is the night26._______ is considered to be a spokesman for the alienated youth in the post-war era and his The Catcher in the Rye is regarded as a students’classic.A. Allen SalingerB.E.E. CummingsC.J.D. Salinger D. Henry James27.Which one of the following statement is NOT True of William Faulkner?A. He is master of stream of consciousness narrativeB. His writing is often complex and difficult to understandC. He represents a new group pf Southern writers28.As a spokesman of the“Roaring 20s’”. Scott Fitzgerald portrayed ______.A. the problems of the human heart in conflict with itselfB. the psychological journey of the modern man and his helplessness in the modern worldC. the primitive struggle of individuals in the context of irresistible natural forcesD. the hollowness of the American worship of riches and the unending American dream of fulfillment29.In the beginning paragraph of chapter 3. The Great Gatsby. Fitzgerald describes a big party by saying that “men and girls came and went like moths”. The author most likely indicates that______.A. there was a crowd of party goersB. these people were light -heartedC. these were crazy and ignorant charactersD. such life does not have red meaning30.______ is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th century “stream -of consciousness ”novels and the founder of psychological realism.A. Theodore DreiserB. William Faulkner D. His often depicts slum life in New York and ChicagoC. Light in AugustC. Henry JamesD. Mark Twain31.As the leader of the Harlem writers who created the Black Renaissance ______ as known as the“Poet Laureate of Harlem”.A. Ralph EllisonB. Langston HughesC. Richard WrightD. Alice Walker32.Hemingway once described Mark Twain’s novel ________ the one book from which“all modern American literature comes”.A. The Adventure of Huckleberry FinnB. The Adventure of Tom SawyerC. The Gilded AgeD. The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg33.Romantics put emphasis on the following Expect _______.A. common senseB. imaginationC. intuitionD. individualism34.In the middle of 19th century, America witnessed a cultural flowering which is called ________.A. the English RenaissanceB. the American RenaissanceC. the Second RenaissanceD. the Salem Renaissance35.The main theme of The Art of Fiction written by ______ clearly indicates that the aim of the novel is to present life.A. Henry JamesB. Mark TwainC. Theodore DreiserD. Ernest Hemingway36.In the line“We slowly drove-He knew on haste/ And I had put away /My labor and my leisure too. /For his Civility -”, the word“civility”means______.A. abilityB. politenessC. kindnessD. pleasure37.Which one is not the characterized of modernism?A. Modernism in literature is characterized by experimentation, anti-realism, individualism and a stress on the cerebral rather than emotive aspects.B. Modernism is greatly influenced by the two world wars.C. The work of Mary and Freud had mounted an assault against orthodox religious faith that lasted into the twentieth century.D. Modernists believe that human nature is kind38.Which of the following plays by O’Neill can be read autobiographicall y?A. The Hairy ApeB. The Emperor TonesC. The Iceman ComethD. Long Day’s Tourney Into Night39.The Civil War had transformed America from _____ to _____.A.an agrarian community, a society of freedom and equalityB.an agrarian community, an industrialized and commercialized societyC.an industrialized and commercialized society, a highly -developed societyD. a poor and backward society, an industrialized and commercial society40.Robert Frost combined traditional verse from -sonnet, rhyming couplet, blank verse -with a clear American local speech rhythm, the speech of ______ farmers with its idiosyncratic diction and syntax.A. southernB. westernC. New EnglandD. New Hampshire41.The realistic period is referred to as“the Gilded Age”by______.42.Realism was a reaction against ______ or a move away from the bias towards romance and self-creating flections and paved the way to Modernism.A. RationalismB. RomanticismC. NeoclassicismD. Enlightenment43.With Howells, James and Mark Twain active on the literary scene _______ became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.A. sentimentalismB. romanticismC. realismD. naturalism44.Anna Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. Her poem made such a stir in England that she become known as the“_______”who appeared in America.45.Apart from The Autobiography, Franklin is perhaps best remembered in print for his _______.A. The Way to WealthB. The Sketch BookC. The Biography Christopher ColumbusD. Poor Richard’s Almanac46.Moby Dick is usually considered ______.A. a symbolic voyage of the mind in quest of the truth and knowledge of the universeB. a spiritual exploration into man’s deep reality and psychologyC. a simple whaling tale or sea adventure47.The image of the famous“henpecked husband”is created by _______.D. both A and BTenth Muse Mark Twain A. B. Ninth Muse C. Best Muse D. First MuseA. B. Henry James C. Emily Dickinson D. Theodore DreiserA. Washington IrvingB. Fennimore CooperC. William Dean HowellsD.Mark Twain48.As a philosophical and literary moment, _______ flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War.A. ModernismB. RationalismC. SentimentalismD. Transcendentalism。
高级英语第三版第一册1-6课修辞汇总
高级英语第三版（1-6课除去5）修辞汇总Metaphor （暗喻）1.We can battle down and ride it out.2.Wind and rain now whipped the house.3.Camille, meanwhile, had raked its way northward across Mississippi.4.As a result the nerves of both duke and duchess were excessively frayed when themuted buzzer of the outer door eventually sounded.5.His wife shot him a swift, warning glance.6.…anticipated that my case would snowball into one of the most famous trials inU.S. history.7.By the time the trial began on July 10, our town of 1,500 people had taken on acircus atmosphere.8.The streets around the three-storey red brick law court sprouted with ricketystands selling hot…9.After the preliminary sparring over legalities, Darrow got up to make his openingstatement.10.The crowed seemed to feel that their champion had not scorched the infidels withthe hot breath of his oratory as he should have.11.…who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.12.The geographic core, in Twain’s early years, was the great valley of theMississippi River, main in artery of transportation in the young nation’s heart. 13.He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silverfever in Nevada's Washoe region.14.For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and thepersistent, and was rebuffed.15.From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging hisway to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.16.He boarded the stagecoach for San Francisco, then and now a hotbed of hopefulyoung writers.17.Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles, but he had…Simile(明喻)1.and the group heard gun-like reports as other upstairs windows disintegrated.Water rose above their ankles.2.The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade.3.The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away.4.Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown-down power linescoiled like black spaghetti over the roads.5.Telephone poles and 2O-inoh-thiok pines cracked like suns as the winds snapped.6. Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie fire.Personification(拟人)1. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off thehouse and skimmed it 40feet through the air.2.America laughed with him.3.Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laughTransferred Epithet(移就)1.Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from theirspectacular vantage point。
高级英语1 lesson6课件
Clemens and he ranged across the nation for more than a third of his life,
the
new American experience
•Translation:印刷工，领航员，南部邦联游击队员，淘金者，不切实际的乐观主 义者，言语刻薄的讽刺家---这就是马克吐温，原名塞缪尔·朗格合恩·克勒孟斯。 他的一生有超过三分之一的时间游历于美国各地，亲身体验美国新气象， 以作家和演说家的身份与全世界分享他所感受到的一切。
Cynical adj. 愤世嫉俗的，玩世不恭的 英英释义： scornful of the motives,virtue,or integrity of others. eg: Most residents are cynical about efforts to
clean mobsters out of their city. 大部分居民对将歹徒清除出城市心存怀疑。
Some similar expresion: Clear-headed:头脑清楚的 Red-faced: 面红耳赤的
Grey-haired: 头发花白的
3 The geographic core, in Twain's early years, was the great valley of the Mississippi River, main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart. Keelboats ，flatboats,and large rafts carried the first major commerce. Lumber, corn, tobacco, wheat, and furs moved downstream to the delta country; sugar, molasses,cotton, and whiskey traveled north. In the 1850's, before the climax of westward expansion, the vast basin drained threequarters of the settled United States.
泛读教程1答案
泛读教程1答案篇一：泛读教程1答案 Unit1-16Unit 1 University Student LifeSection AWord Pretest1. D2. B3. B4. C5. D6. D7. A8. BReading Comprehensionl. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F 6. F 7. T 8. FVocabulary BuildingWord Matchrationally in a way based on reason rather than emotions established accepted; recognizedvarious differentpanic sudden fearconsolidate strengthenassignment homeworkbiological of living thingsflexible not fixedstrenuous stressful; requiring effort and energymaster overallrecreation way of spending free timeestimate calculate roughlyroutine regular; usualpriority first concernrelaxation rest1. flexible2. established3. panic4. strenuous5. priority6. routine7. Rationally8. recreationsSuffix1. familiarize2. visualize3. merely4. idealize5. finalize6. necessarily7. physically8. highlyClozefavorable their respected professors authority role expect need several changesSec tion B1. D2. C3. C4. B5. C6. B7. D8. DSection Cl. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. AUnit 2 Culture ShockSection AWord Pretest1. C2. A3. D4. C5. C6. B7. A8. DReading Comprehension1. C2. D3. D4. D5. D6. CVocabulary BuildingWord Matchexaggerate say more than the truth about somethingslang nonstandard vocabularyadapt make or become suitableinsecure weak; uncertain; unprotecteddistinct different; separatechallenging difficult, but in an interesting wayrange vary within limitsadjust change slightly in order to make suitableaggressive ready for conflictcope with deal withoccur happenidentity the distinguishing character or personality of an individual automatic self-acting; under its own power distortion twist; changing shapereverse opposite; contraryl. slang 2. exaggerate 3. cope with 4. reverse5. adapt / adjust6. range / ranged7. occurred8. aggressive Suffix l. dividable / divisible 2. determination 3. dependable 4. satisfaction5. correction6. relation7. usable / useable8. recognizable Cloze foreign anxious behavior mean necessarilyappear unsure approach frustrations systemSection Bl. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. DSection Cl. C 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. DUnit 3 MovieSection AWord Pretestl. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. DReading Comprehensionl. C 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. AVocabulary Building篇二：英语泛读教程1答案英语泛读教程1答案Answer keys for reference:Unit 1: Education PolicyI. Warm-up: The American Education System2. Skimming and scanning(1) B. (2)C. (3)grade point average; Scholastic Aptitude Test; Graduate Record Examination (4)Associate Bachelor?s; Master Doctorate3. Reading comprehensioni. Read for main idea(1) A. (2) kindergarten-5/6; 6-8, 7-9; 9/10-12 (3) 11ii. Understanding the languageA. Vocabulary3. B4. C5. B6. A7. B8. BB. Phrases and sentences(1) Different colleges and universities have different admission policies.(2) If a student hasn t completed a minimum number of credit hours, he cannot graduate from a degree program.iii. Reading for facts(1) D.E. (2) C. (3) D. (4) B. (5) A.4. Interpretation and evaluationThe public school is actually funded by the public. Parents of students in grades 1-12 actually pay their children s tuition in the form of tax. II. In Focus: Education for All: The Vision Lives On2. Skimming and scanning(1) B. (2) 181 (3) C. (4) A.3. Reading comprehensioni. Read for main idea(1) C. (2) C. (3) C. (4) universal basic education by the year 2000 ii. Understanding the languageA. Vocabulary9. B 10. C 11. B 12. B 13. B 17. CB. Phrases and sentences(1) If a country is seriously willing to work hard on its basic education, it can get help from the donor countries and institutions when it lacks recourses in its achievement of this goal.committed to sth.: willing to work very hard at something(2) The quality of learning can t meet the needs of societies.fall short of sth.: to be less than what you need, expected, or hoped for, or to fail to reach a satisfactory standard(3)Besides, the quality of education in some areas is poor.coupled with: if one thing is coupled with another, the two things happen or exist together and produce a particular result(4)Will the Dakar forum bring about any real effect.make a difference: to have an important effect or influence on something or someone(5) Whereas when we first started this work at the Jomtien conference, we had not a bit of information torefer to.start from scratch: begin without using anything that existed or was prepared before(6) Whether the effort for Education for All will see a final success or not relies heavily on whether governments, NGOs, and donor groups want to view education as a priority.rooted in sth.: to have developed from something and be strongly influenced by itiii. Read for facts(1) B. (2) B. (3) C. (4) A. (5) B.4. Interpretation and evaluation(1) A.(2)The Dakar forum was based on the results of a world-wide two-year audit.(3)Political determination is needed to accelerate the success.(4)He is optimistic. We know it from the last paragraph.Unit 2: Entertainment (I)I. warm up2.Skimming and scanning(1) Albums chart.(2) March 2004.(3) P stands for “position of the album on this week at the charts”; L stands for “position of the album on the last week at the charts”; W stands for “weeks on the charts”.(4) “Feels Like Home”. The artist is Norah Jones.(5) Yes.(6) “Bad Boy?s 10th Anniversary… The Hits”. “Fallen” by Evanescence.(7) “In the Zone”.II. In focus2.Skimming and scanning(1) About memorial for salsa queen Celia Cruz.(2) Miami, Florida.3.Reading comprehensioni. Read for main idea(1) 1(2) Because she is the personification of Cuba, the free Cuba and the future Cuba, an idol as a person and as an artist.ii.Understanding the language.(1) shield (para. 6)-B(2) thrill (vt.) (para. 7)- C(3) idol (para. 8)- Aiii. Reading for facts(1) More than 75000.(2) She died of a brain tumor.(3) A (4) B (5) A(6) C (7) B (8) A4.Interpretation and evaluation(1) B (2) B (3) A (4) B (5) AIII. Follow up2. Reading comprehension and evaluation(1) At her home in Fort Lee, New Jersey.(2) Because Miami is the place with the largest concentration of Cuban-Americans and the place closest in her heart to Cuba.(3) Her long-held wish was to return to her homeland- Cuba. No.(4) Because people think that Cuba is in Celia Cruz music.(5) Because she was Cuban- American.(6) “Our deepest sympathy for your loss. She will always be with us.”(7) Because it was what Celia wanted, who had said to remember her by how she was, not by crying.(8) Yes.(9) Because people waved flags from many countries, sporadically broke into song, danced or chanted.(10) Because Celia Cruz didn?t like black umbrellas at her funeral.(11) Because by 3 p.m., authorities warned that many mourners just showing up would probably not get in.(12) Between 150,000 to 200, 000.(13) In the Bronx, New York, next Tuesday.Unit 3 Ancient ArchitectureI. Warm-up Stonehenge2. Skimming and scanning(1) The monumental arrangement of pillars at the Stonehenge?s centre could have been used to predict lunar eclipses.(2) the 19 upright columns at the Stonehenge?s centre(3) every 47 months3. Reading Comprehension(1) A(2) C(3) D(4) C(5) C4. Understanding Vocabulary1. B2. A3. A4. C5. C6. B7. C8. B 9. A 10. C 11. BII In Focus The Parthenon2. Skimming and scanning(1) a city state(2) the apartment of the virgin(3) sculpture, architecture, reasoning and individuality3. Reading Comprehensioni. Read for main idea(1) C(2) Cii. Understanding the language? Vocabulary12. C 13. C 14. A 15. B 16. A 17. A 18. B19. A 20. C 21. A 22. C? Phrases and sentences(1) The achievement of the Greeks in reasoning laid foundation for Western Civilization.(2) was added lateriii. Reading for facts(1) D (2) D (3) B (4) B (5) C4. Interpretation and evaluation(1) The list can be long, on which we find, for example, Zeus, Hera, Apollo, Aphrodite, Prometheus, Hercules and the Muses.Unit 4 Western HolidaysI Warm up The Lessons of Easter Island2. Skimming and scanning(1) the Dutch Admiral Roggeveen; about 3,000(2) deforestation(3) to provide clearings for agriculture, fuel for heating and cooking, and to move heavy statues3. Reading Comprehensioni. Read for main idea(1) C(2) B(3) Dii. Understanding the language? Vocabulary1. A2. C3. C4. A5. B6. B7. A8. A9. B 10. C 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A? Phrases and sentences(1) although the Easter Island appears to be of little importance(2) when the wood was completely used up(3) Little attention was paid to the fact that few trees were left on the Island.iii. Reading for facts(1) C (2) B (3) B (4) C (5) C (6) D (7) C4. Interpretation and evaluation( Open questions)II In Focus Thanksgiving Day2. Skimming and scanning(1) In the autumn of 1621(2) In 1863(3) To officially announce the date when Thanksgiving is celebrated.(4) turkey, corn, pumpkins, and cranberry3. Reading Comprehensioni. Read for main idea(1) C(2) Cii. Understanding the languageA.Vocabulary16. B 17. C 18. C 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. B 23. A24. B 25. C 26. A 27. CB.Phrases and sentences(1) Happy family gathering; On this day, Americans give thanks for the blessings they?ve enjoyed during the year.(2) Sharing a traditional meal with those in need.iii. Reading for facts(1) C (2) D (3) A (4) B (5) D4. Interpretation and evaluation(1) Freedom and prosperity for early settlers. Besides the two mentioned, more responsibilities Americans faced were cooperation among nations, poverty relief and liberty and justice for all people.(2) Answers can be based on history.Unit 5 Popular MusicI. Warm-up Globalization of Culture2. Skimming and scanning(1) U.S culture(2) To find out the impact the U.S.A. has had on popular culture in the rest of the world.(3) Music, television, and films3. Reading Comprehensioni. Read for main idea(1) Different surveys of American cultural impact on the world(2) They don?t consider it a threat to other nations? cultures.ii. Understanding the language?? Vocabulary Phrases and sentences 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. C 7.A 8. C 9. C(1) What?s the standpoint of the majority of the Americans?(2) Worries from other countries are considered exaggerated.iii. Reading for facts(1) D (2) B (3) B (4) B (5) A4. Interpretation and evaluation(1) This is almost not a good excuse for U.S. cultural dominance.(2) A place where different influences are mixedII In Focus The Beatles2. Skimming and scanning(1) John, Paul, Ringo and George; John Lennon(2) in the 1960s3. Reading Comprehensioni. Read for main idea(1) D(2) Dii. Understanding the language? Vocabulary10. A 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. C 16. B篇三：大学英语泛读教程第一册参考答案大学英语泛读教程第一册参考答案（高等出版社，2021年3月版）Unit 1Chapter 1 A family sees America Together (P. 2—17)G. Blank Filling (P 11)1. describing2. journal3. sign4. websites5. missH. Translation (P.12)1. By using computers and the Internet2. if we are friendly and helpful to others3. learn about our country and (our) people4. enjoyed his trip in Europe5. on the day that/when they leftChapter twoF. Word forms (p. 27)1. a. solves (v.) b. solutions (n.)2. a. education (n.) b. educate (v. )3. a. locate (v.) b. locations (n.)4. a. construction (n.) b. construct (v.)5. a. organization (n.) b. organizes (v.)G. Blank Filling (p. 28)1. habitat2. community3. endangered4. solution5. For instanceH. Translation (p 28)1. but also give them a chance to learn about cultures of other countries2. still others got angry3. construct homes for the poor and homeless all over the world4. but the work depends on your patience and sense of responsibilities5. who want to be helpful to those in needCNN video report: volunteer vacations1. answers will vary2. 1. c 2. d3. e4. b5. a3. Working together to build a house is similar to the tradition of harvesting. This tradition is important because it helps build a better community.Reading Strategy (P. 34-36)1. 孤儿院2. 象鼻3. 七胞胎4. 语义学5. 家禽6. 消失7. 摘要 8. 困境Chapter 3G. Blank Filling (P. 50)1. tell…apart2. inherited3. similarities4. be curious5. coincidenceH. Translation1. Out of every two children in the United States2. Tom and John are twin brothers3. Though the twins were separated when they were only two months old.4. when people in the earthquake zone are in pain and in trouble5. be open to each other’s thoughts.Chapter 4G. Blank Filling (P. 70)1. search for2. worthwhile3. confidential4. is scared of5. interfere withH. Translation (P. 70)1. Regulations alone doesn’t work2. whether to search for birth parents is a difficult decision to make3. even though twins grow up in different families4. what influences a person’s personality5. he still had mixed feelings toward her Follow-up Activities (PP 73-75)1. a 3 b. 1 c. 3 d. Answers will vary2. and3. Answers will varyCNN Video Report: Raising Triplets。
美国文学史及选读第一册复习摘要
美文学摘要Puritanism(清教,清教徒主义): doctrines (dɔktrin n. 教条, 教义, 学说), values, features of Am. Puritans, influence on Am. Literature,Features of colonial poetsThe 1st Am. Writer：Captain John SmithKey Points of Enlightenment movement●Originated in Europe in the 17th century●Basic principles: Stressing education; Stressing Reason; Concerns for civil rights●Significance: Accelerating加速social progress; freeing people from the limitations set by prevailing(1．占优势的;主要的2．流行的;普遍的 )Puritanism; Making spiritual preparation for American Revolution Influence on literature:In form: imitating English classical writersIn content: utilitarian ([ju:ˌtɪlɪˌteəri:ən] adj. 1．有效用的;实用的 2．功利(主义)的 n. 功利主义者;实用主义者) tendency (for political or educational purpose)What lessons can we d raw from the poem “the wild honeysuckle”（野金银花）?The wild can also be beautiful. Everyone should take an active attitude toward life. Never avoid challenges for fear of losing something. One can’t achieve anything under the shelter（shelter －简明英汉词典D.J.[ˌʃeltə]n. 1．遮蔽; 保护 2．避难所; 庇护所vt. 掩蔽; 庇护, 保护vi. 躲避, 避难）and protection.Features of American Romanticisma. Imitative: Some of the American Romantic writings were modeled on English and European works. The Romantic Movement proved to be a decisive influence. Without it, the rise of Romanticism would have been impossible. Romanticism writers such as Scott, Coleridge, Wordsworth, Byron all made a stimulating impact on American literature.b. Independent: From the very beginning, American Romanticism exhibited（陈列，展览；显示，显出；展览品，陈列品，在法庭提出的证物）distinct（截然不同的，完全分开的；清晰的，明白的，明显的）features of its own. It originated from（来自，源于…）a mixture of factors which were altogether American rather than anything else. American Romanticism was in essence（本质上，大体上，事实）the expression of a real new experience and contained “an alien（外国的，外国人的，陌生的，性质不同的）quality”. E.g., the American national experience of pioneering（开发，创始）into the west is a rich fund of material for American writers. It is these Romanticism writers that created an indigenous（土生土长的，生来的，固有的）American literature.c. Puritan influence over American Romanticism was clearly noticeable. E.g., the author tended more to moralize（vi论道德，说教）than writers in England.American Transcendentalism（超验主义，先验论；顿悟）Background:In 1836 a little book Nature came out. It was written by Emerson. It was considered “the Manifesto （ˌmænəˌfestəʊ宣言）of Transcendentalism（ˌtrænsenˌdentl超验主义）”.It started with Emerson’s Nature and ended with Whitman’s Leaves of Grass (1855) The Transcendentalists set up a club called “Transcendentalist（trænsen'dentlist] adj. 先验论者的,超越论者的)Club”. They expressed their views published their journal Dial. The center place is New England and Concord( concord －简明英汉词典D.J.[ˌkɔnˌkɔ:d, ˌkɔŋ-]n. 和谐, 一致, 和睦).Major features1) Emphasis on spirit or the Oversoul as the most important thing in the universe2) The individual as the most important element of society3) Nature as symbolic of the Spirit or GodLimitations:1) The shallow (shallow [ˌʃæləu] adj. 1．浅的2．肤浅的) optimism(n. 乐观, 乐观主义) made itimpossible for them to understand human suffering.2) They cut themselves from life and were trapped by empty talk. They stressed too much on human intuition (in tuition [ˌɪntjuˌiʃən] n.1.直觉2.凭直觉感知的知识).3) They failed to provide solution to problem they found.课后部分习题1. Early in the 17th century, the England settlements in Virginia and Massachusetts began the main stream of what we recognize as the American national history.settlers in America included Dutch, Swedes, Germans, French, Spaniards, Italians, and3. The first permanent English settlement in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607.4. There was little of the religious ferment（骚乱，动荡）and zeal（热心，热忱，热情）that inspired such a tide of literature to flow Puritan New England.5. The Puritans had come to New England for the sake of religious freedom, while Virginia had been planted mainly as a commercial venture.6.Hard work，thrift（节约，节俭），piety（虔诚，虔敬）and sobriety（清醒，未醉，严肃，节制）were the Puritan values that dominated much of the earliest American writing, including the sermons（布道，说教）,books , and letters of such noted Puritan clergymen as John Cotton and Cotton Mather.True or false: The first American literature was neither American nor really literature.（T）It was not American because it was the work mainly of immigrants from England. It was not literature as we know it---in the form of poetry, essays, or fiction---but rather an interesting mixture of travel accounts and religious writings. The earliest colonial travel accounts are records of the perils（极大危险；危险的事或环境）and frustrations that challenged the courage of America’s first settlers. (P2)1. What are the influences of American Puritanism on American Literature?①Basis of American literaturedreamed of living under a perfect order；worked with courage；hoped to build an Eden of Garden on earth；faced the worst of life with optimism--went into the making of American literatureAll literature is based on a myth--Garden of Eden②Contributing to the development of Symbolism（象征主义）: a technique, widely used。
美国黑人
Colin Luther Powell
Condoleezza Rice
Education
Dr. Martin Luther King remains the most prominent political leader in the American civil rights movement and perhaps the most influential African American political figure in general. Mary McLeod Bethune George Washington Carver
. Slavery
.Reconstruction and Jim Crowe
.Great Migration and Civil Rights Movement
.Post Civil Rights Era
Great Migration and Civil Rights Movement
The desperate conditions of African Americans in the South that sparked the Great Migration of the early 20th century,combined with a growing African American community in the Northern United States, led to a movement to fight violence and discrimination against African Americans that, like abolitionism before it, crossed racial lines. The Civil Rights Movement from 1954 to 1968 was directed at abolishing racial discrimination against African Americans, particularly in the Southern United States. The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom and the conditions which brought it into being are credited with putting pressure on President John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson.
精读4 Unit_10_The_World_House_
The World House
Author
Unit 10
Bacnd
Author
Martin Luther King, Jr. 1929-1968 An American pastor, activist, humanitarian and leader of the African-American Civil Rights Movement. Best known for his role in the advancement of civil rights using non-violence disobedience based on his Christian belief.
Martin Luther King immediately organized the bus boycott(罢车), he called on the whole city to resist transit method for one year, forcing local transportation court to cancel the law on the seat. Since this he became the leader of the civil rights movement.
Warming up
Objectives
• Content
• understand King’s message in his vision of a “World House” • reflect on the changes that King foresaw half a century ago • evaluate the possibility of King’s idea of a peaceful world family • think critically King’s view of a spiritual awakening as a solution to human problem
Racial_Problem_in_America 美国种族问题
Racial Problem in AmericaAmericans assert that everybody was equal, and freedom and democracy are boasted from time to time. Now many Americans think that the racial discrimination is disappeared. However, it is not true. "All man are equal" is still did not give to some color people in America today. From the past to now, Racial issues always exists.As America is a country of multi-nationality, the racial discrimination has existed since the nation begins, even before its beginning. When Dutch and English encroach on the American continent, the White’s policy never presses religious restrictions on them as they did on the others. In the White’s encroachment, the White settlers kept themselves aloof from the other color people-blacks. And they thought that the White is superior to the Black. Their policy was one of extermination, not absorption. Then it moves to the slavery. At the time of slavery, Blacks were suppressed by the White people. The Black was forced to do lower jobs and be servant or slavery of the White. They had experienced that they are treated to be lower humans.By the time of American Civil War, when all the southern economic system was founded on Negro slave labor, the plantation owners had worked out all the necessary justification for it. Some of them even attempted to prove, with a wealth of biblical that Negroes were sub-human and were suited for nothing other than slavery. Then at the end of the war finally brought freedom to the slaves in 1865, but blacks still had a lower position in society. Many Southern states practiced segregation to "keep blacks in their place." Separated schools, separated restaurants and even separated entrance for Whites and Blacks showed clearly that there was a strong racial discrimination in the society. It is obvious that the racial discrimination existed from its history.As we all know that Martin Luther King had a famous speech, "I Have a Dream" in 1963. And he dreamed of a nation in which people were not judged by the color of skin, but by the content of their character. He also dreamed of a nation where all people were equal and harmony. This dream has come true for some, but for some, it’s still a fantasy. Luckily, the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s helped black people get many of the rights which are promised in the Constitution. But in spite of the achievement of it, racial problems still exist. The laws have changed, but some white people remain prejudiced. And the 1992 Los Angeles riots is a good example to show that.It’s no doubt that the racial tension has defused by people’s labor and activities. But we also can see that racial discrimination does exist in America nowadays. We can know it from today’s black unemployment rate and rate of survival black patients. According to unemployment and job loss figures released for August 2009 by the U.S. Labor Department’s Bureau of Labor Statistics shows that the national unemploymentrate jumped from 8.9% in April to 9.4% in May. For African-Americans is a 14.9% jobless rate for Black Americans.It nearly twice the white unemployment rate of 7.3 percent. Then according to a study in the September 16 issue of Journal of the American Medical Association, “the su rvival rates for blacks were significantly lower, 25 percent vs. 37 percent for whites”. It is clearly know that there is racial discrimination in many fields of the American society.Maybe someone think that as now the American president, Mr. Obamas, is not a white, there will be no racial problems any more. It’s deadly wrong. We can see from Mr. Obamas’s attitude on the thing of asking to comment on the July 16 arrest of Harvard professor Henry Louis Gates Jr., who is black, by a white sergeant in the Cambridge Police Department. The president just confidently stated on live television that the Cambridge Police Department had “acted stupidly” in arresting Professor Gates instead of condemning it. And then he had a shot sermon on the problem of racial issue that still exists in America: "What I think we know separate and apart from this incident is that there is a long history in this country of African Americans and Latinos being stopped by law enforcement disproportionately. And that’s just a fact". The racial problem still exists and the president also has no way to solve the enduring problem of racial tension.In essence, the racial discrimination is produced by two or more different culture’s confrontation. When two different cultures confront with each other, the dominating culture necessarily judge the weaker culture according to its own measure. As the W hite community’s civilization has a long history and high productivity, it’s sure that the white thinks they are superior to the B lack. It’s defin ite that there is racial discrimination in America between the white and other colors. It can be changed only by practicing the research or slogan into fact, and have strike means or effective measures to guarantee the equal and human right. Maybe in the future, Martin Luther King’s dream can really come true.All in all, racial problem always exists in America, not only the past, but also now.。
黑人文学American_Black_Literature
Written Literature （from 1760s）(2)
（4）1940s: Richard Wright, Ralph Ellison （5）50s~60s: a lot of black writers emerged in the civil rights movement: James Baldwin, Brooks, Jones （6）70s~80s: publishing of Root （Alex Haley）, Alice Walker The Colour Purple, Toni Morrison （the only black who won Nobel Prize）
in Africa The Middle Passage The Slavery The Emancipation The Migration to the Cities The Integration to the Mainstream The Black Power Movement The Civil Rights Movement
The Middle Passage中间通道
the stage of the triangular trade in which millions of people from African were shipped to the New World as part of the Atlantic slave trade. Ships departed Europe for African markets with manufactured goods, which were traded for purchased or kidnapped Africans, who were transported across the Atlantic as slaves; the slaves were then sold or traded for raw materials, which would be transported back to Europe to complete the voyage.
全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程 第1册 Unit4 The American Dream
2. “When winter come, you give me job clearing snow at the factory.”
B. I doubted whether Tony had the capacity to read blueprints and micrometers or do precision work.
The Great Depression is considered the most severe economic crisis in the industrialized world. It began when American stock market fell on Friday, Oct. 24, 1929, and continued the following Tuesday, known as Black Tuesday, with a greater fall. The Depression struck many other countries as well, particularly Germany, Japan, and Britain. In the early 1930s millions of people lost their jobs, and millions of businesses and banks failed. President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal policies improved the situation, but the Great Depression did not come to an end until World War II when industrial production for the war increased.
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Freedom for Black Americans: From Lincoln to Martin Luther King
The idea of the American Dream is rooted in the United States Declaration of Independence which
proclaims that "all men are created equal" and that they are "endowed by their Creator with certain
inalienable Rights" including "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." The founding fathers
set a wonderful blueprint of freedom and equality in political, economy, society, culture and many
other aspects. However, what seems to be a huge pity of the great dream is that the wide range of
black Americans are excluded from this dream. In order to gain the equal freedom that the white
people have owned and also to be a part of the beneficiaries of American Dream, the African
American started their road on striving for freedom and achieving their own American Dream.
There is no difficulty to imagine that how suffering it is for African American on their way for
freedom during almost two past centuries. During long periods, they lived as slaves and were
deprived of the basic human rights. And until 19th century, they began to see the hard-won hope
for freedom in their dark and horrible slavery life. In 1861, the Civil War broke out. Considering
the whole interest of the nation and also the need for the victory of the war, on January first, 1863,
Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation, declaring the slaves were free. The Civil War
went to an end in 1865 in which the slavery was abolished by 13th amendment to the U. S.
Constitution. This great achievement meant that the suffered black Americans finally obtained the
protection in law. Despite the so valuable freedom, the newly freed African Americans were still
severely discriminated. To fully achieve their American Dream, they kept going on their way for
more freedom and equality.
When human history entered into 20th century, there were more sunshine in blacks’ discriminated
life. In 1954, the Supreme Court struck down the "separate but equal" doctrine for public
education and required the desegregation of schools across America. This was the famous case
“Brown v. Board of Education” in American history. In 1955, Rose Parks, an African American
woman, was arrested by police for her refusal to give her seat to a white passenger. This event
became the flash point of the bus boycott in Montgomery, which led to the end segregation on city
busses. From then on, the famous civil rights movement in the United States stared. In this process,
a lot of important leaders began to lead the boycott and demonstration violently or non-violently.
Among theses famous leaders, Martin Luther King, who advocated the principle of “Non-violent
non-cooperation” is absolutely a influential figure. He organized protects and marches, showing
the unfair treatment received by African Americans; he ecouraged African Americans to fight for
freedom and equality, gaining wide popularity among both the whites and the blacks. The famous
speech in human history “I Have a Dream” delivered by him inspired more people to devote to
this movement. With the great contribution from King as well as the great impact of the whole
civil rights movement, the Civil Rights Act was issued in 1964 and the Voting Rights Act was
issued in 1965, both of which abolished the segregation and allowed the election rights for blacks.
The African Americans’ fight for freedom and equality is still going on nowadays. In today’s
American, the blacks gain more opportunities and rights on education, employment, political and
other aspects. Barrack Obama, the first black president in American history, is obviously a quite
excellent example which can demonstrate the great achievements on the fight for equality and
freedom of the blacks. Just as what Martin Luther King said in “I Have a Dream”, “one day this
nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: “We hold these truths to be
self-evident: that all men are created equal.”, the African American will eventually achieve their
own American Dream and really become a part of those who are created equal.