BRM复习题素材
第一章 BRM基础1
驾驶台资源管理的发展
三、STCW公约马尼拉修正案 • 2010年6月，国际海事组织在马尼拉召开 STCW公约缔约国大会，通过了STCW公约马 尼拉修正案，该案在2012年1月1日开始生 效。 • 首次将驾驶台资源管理和机舱资源管理课 程列为强制性适任标准
驾驶台资源管理的发展
• 对管理级和操作级驾驶员适任要求包括以下 内容：
BRM理论
主讲：何欣
2012年8月
驾驶台资源管理
第一章 第二章 第三章 第四章 第五章 第六章 第七章 第八章 BRM基础 工作态度与管理技能 人为失误与预防 船舶组织与船舶计划 船舶通信与沟通 决策与领导力 船员工作负荷与减压措施 船舶应急
第一章 BRM基础
• 驾驶台资源管理的发展 • 驾驶台资源 • 驾驶台资源管理的作用与目的
驾驶台资源管理
管理的内涵：
• 管理的有效性在于充分利用各种资源，以最少的消耗 实现组织的目标。 • 管理的主体为管理者 • 管理的对象（客体）是组织资源和组织活动。
驾驶台资源管理
• 管理的特点 –管理其他人及其工作。 –由其他人的活动来体现工作效果 –通过协调其他人的活动进行管理 管理必须通过协调来完成，协调的中心是人， 协调的方法是多种多样的。
It is the art or action of managing, or the skilful treatment of available assets or means of supper by body of mangers.
驾驶台资源管理
4. 驾驶台资源管理
1）定义
Definition of BRM
驾驶台资源管理的发展
发展概况：
• 早期
经历了：BTW----BTM-----BRM 几个阶段
《信息管理基础》复习资料
一、基本知识1．面向21世纪的“信息高速公路”计划是美国最先提出的；2．信息管理不单单是对信息的管理，而是对涉及信息活动的各种要素进行合理的组织和控制这是从对广义上来描述信息管理定义；3．信息的特性有信息对物质载体具有独立性、信息存在具有普扁性和客观性等。
4．从涵盖范围上讲，数据涵盖范围最广，信息次之，知识最小5．信息管理的发展阶段中其技术管理阶段的核心是信息流的控制6．1993年，国务院副总理朱镕基主持会议，对国家公用信息通信网工程进行了部署，提出了举世瞩目的“金桥”工程；所谓“三金”工程，实际上是“金桥”、“金卡”、“金关”三大基础工程式的简称。
7．从信息的性质划分，可分为语法信息、语义信息和语用信息8．齐夫定律要求的一篇较长文章的字数约为5000字以上；9．对于守恒系统，R信息守恒的含义是信息接受者在接受信息时所特有的“0”或“1”的特征；10．追溯信息管理的历史沿革，可划分为四个阶段传统管理阶段、技术管理阶段、资源管理阶段和知识管理阶段11．信息检索系统的三个基本要素是人，检索工具和信息资料；12．当代社会的三大支柱性资源，信息，物质和能量，支配着人类最基本的活动；13．信息交流是一种单向传递14．S行为有书写、绘画等15．信息产生和分布中的“马太效应”引起的信息富集分布表现为核心趋势和集中取向16．共时信息交流的主要功能是克服交流的空间障碍，达到及时的信息共享；17．图书馆的书刊资料阅览和借阅服务是信息传递模式的多向被动传递18．专业信息服务开展的各种信息传递方式中，最基本的、最重要的是多向主动传递19．根据信息栈的功能将其分为时间栈和空间栈；20．多向对称性法的条件是信息在同介质中传递21．造成信息附加的原因包括自然因素、技术因素、社会因素；23．对于信息源的评价方法，属于间接评价法的是评分比重、最高评分频度、平均名次指标；24．随着网络的发展，HTML的缺点是扩展性差25．信息对时间的分布规律是指数增长率和逐渐过时律26．由人脑存贮的知识信息是智力型信息源27．对于信息组织和信息检索的关系的说法正确的是二者是一对互逆过程；28．四种网络信息资源的组织方法是指文件方式，数据库方式，主题树组织方式，超媒体方式；29．社会信息化的三个层次是指生产工具信息化，社会生产力系统信息化，社会生活信息化；30．各种渠道中由人的口头传播的信息是零次信息源31．知识表示两种类型是指主观知识的表示和客观知识的表示；32．任何信息都包含的六个要素是内容、原因、时间、地点、人以及方法、途径、状况。
BRM考试题库100-0题
1．管理，是一个组织中为完成该组织的目标所从事的对________的协调过程：A.人和物质资源；B.部门和物质资源；C.组织和物质资源；D.各部门和人员之间的关系。
2．管理的特点是：A.管理其他人及其工作；B.由其他人的活动体现管理的效果C.通过协调其他人的活动进行管理D.以上都对。
3．下述哪些可认为是驾驶台资源I.驾驶员的经验；II.各种操作规范、计划；III. 夜航命令簿；IV. 时间；V. 海图、资料；VI. 油漆间内的油漆。
A. I.II.V.VI；B. I至V；C.I.II.III.V.VI；D. I.II.IV.V4．根据_______理论，应采取强硬的或“松弛”的方法，或“权变”论进行管理：A.需要层次理论；B. “X”理论和“Y”理论；C.保健因素理论；D.公平理论5．根据“强化理论”，如欲激励一个人，通常：A.奖励和惩罚同样有效；B. 惩罚更为有效；C.奖励更为有效；D.因人而异，不能一概而论。
6.船舶资源管理包括哪些内容：A．人力资源; B.物质资源和信息资源；C.其他资源D.以上均是。
6．下列说法正确的是：A.具有较强的S/A，便能够识别失误链和在事故发生前制止其发生；B.S/A是天生的，无法从后天的培养中获得；C.S/A并不表明一个人的工作态度，仅仅表明一个人是否敏感；D.丧失S/A，并不影响一个人的工作绩效，只要努力，工作依然可以做的很好。
7．工作中提高班组成员情景意识的较好方法是：A.对工作中出现的问题立即予以指出，并提出严厉批评；B.对工作中出现的问题立即提出批评和提示，并强调该问题的危害性；C.对工作中出现的问题立即于提示，并鼓励其将工作做好；D.以上均可。
8．下列说法正确地是：A.两个定位系统结果不一致，即是所谓“不确定性”B.“不确定性”出现的本身就很危险；C.“不确定性”不会因经验不足而产生；D.“不确定性”不会因训练不足而产生。
9．下列哪种情况属于指挥不当？A.未制定和落实航线设计；B.未安排足够称职的了望人员；C. 对局面难以确定；D.对规定不熟悉；10．引航员在船时，OOW应：A.除提供必要的航行信息外，不参与其他意见；B.如对引航员的意图产生疑问应立即通知船长，但不应采取任何行动；C.经澄清，对引航员意图产生的怀疑没有消除，应立即通知船长，船长未到达前采取必要的措施；D.经澄清，对引航员意图产生的怀疑没有消除，应立即通知船长，船长未到达前接过指挥权，指挥船舶。
理解理解练习知识题一和理解练习知识题二为个人心血目的是为了帮助BRM和驾驶
Bridge
轴承盖
Bristle
硬毛
Brittle
硬而易碎的，脆弱的
Brushgear
电刷机构
Brownish
褐色的
Bubble
（气）泡
Bucket
桶
Buffer
缓冲器，储存装置
Bulge
凸出，飘曲
Bulkhead
（船或飞机）舱壁，（车厢的）间壁
Bunk
油舱
Bunker
燃料舱
Buoy
救生圈
Burette
Capillary
毛细管的
Cardboard
薄纸板，卡纸
Cascade
小瀑布，像瀑布般落下
Casing
箱，壳体
Casting铸件
Casserole
器皿，烧杯
Casting
铸件
Catalyst
催化剂
Catalytic
催化的
Catchplate
捕集板
Caulk(=calk)
嵌入
Caustic
有腐蚀性的
Cavitation
联轴节保护罩
COW
原油洗舱
Crude oil washing
Crankshaft deflection
拐当差
Cross flow
横流
交叉扫气：进气直接向上去，废气下移并从气缸另一端排出
Loop flow
回流
回流扫气：进气从活塞头部经过，然后向上升至气缸头，在气体下移时废气被迫从位于进气上面的排气口排出
碱度，碱性
Acidic酸的
Alleyway
走廊，胡同
Alloy
合金
Alongside
全国职称英语等级考试（理工类B级）章节题库（第4章阅读理解资源环境类）【圣才出品】
全国职称英语等级考试（理工类B级）章节题库（第4章阅读理解资源环境类）【圣才出品】◆资源环境类Passage1Preserve the EnvironmentThroughout history man has changed his physical environment in order to improve his way of life.With the tools of technology he has altered many physical features of the earth. He has transformed woodlands into farmland,and made lakes and reservoirs out of rivers for irrigation purposes or hydroelectric power.Man has also modified the face of the earth by draining marshes and cutting through mountains to build roads and railways.However,man’s changes to the physical environment have not always had beneficial results.Today,pollution of the air and water is an increasing danger to the health of the planet.Each day thousands of tons of gases come out of the exhausts of motor vehicles;smoke from factories pollutes the air of industrialized areas and the surrounding areas of countryside.The air in cities is becoming increasingly unhealthy.The pollution of water is equally harmful.In the sea,pollution from oil is increasing and is killing enormous numbers of algae(水藻),fish and birds.The whole ecological balance of the sea is being changed.The same problem exists in rivers. Industrial wastes have already made many rivers lifeless.Conservationists believe that it is now necessary for man to limit the growth oftechnology in order to survive on earth.1.Man has changed his physical environment with a view to______.A.altering the physical features of the earthB.modifying the face of the planetC.improving his surroundingsD.bettering his way of life2.According to the passage,pollution of the air and water is caused by______.A.thousands of tons of gases coming out of the exhausts of motor vehiclesB.the changes of the environment that technology has brought to manC.the increasing amount of oil that has been producedD.industrial wastes discharged into rivers3.The ecological balance of the sea is lost when______.A.people consume more fish than they used toB.the ecological balance of the river is lost/doc/343204009.htmlrge numbers of algae,fish and birds are killedD.the production of marine petroleum is increased4.Who would most probably disagree with conservationists?A.Industrialists.B.Ecologists.C.Businessmen.D.Environmentalists.5.The purpose of the writer is______.A.to reduce modern technologyB.to improve man’s way of lifeC.to warn people not to change the natural environmentD.to call attention to the protection of the natural environment【答案与解析】1.D本题问的是人类不断地改造自己的物质环境的目的。
国际金融复习资料
国际⾦融复习资料A credit item (positive items) is an item for which the country must be paid.A debit item (negative items) is an item for which the country must pay.Positive balance is called surplus .negative balance: deficitBalance of Payments StatementCurrent account: exports of goods and services; imports of goods and services; income received from foreigners; income paid to foreigners; unilateral transfers, netFinancial account: changes in US direct investments abroad; changes in foreign direct investments in the US; changes in US holdings of foreign stocks and bonds; changes in foreign holdings of US stocks and bonds; changes in US loans to foreigners and other investment; changes in foreign loans to the US and other investment.Official international reserves: changes in US official holdings of foreign assets; changes in foreign official holdings of US assets;Statistical discrepancy统计误差SD=-（CA+FA+OR）FA 的possible items:1.a US resident(居民) increasing his holding of a foreign financial asset(a stock, a bond or an IOU from a loan) is a debit(借⽅). The US individual is making a payment now(or extending a loan) to the foreigner, so funds are flowing out of the US now. negative item2.a foreign resident increasing his holding of a US financial asset(a stock, a bond or an IOU from a loan) is a credit(贷⽅). The US seller ( or borrower) is receiving payment now(or getting a loan) from the foreigner, so funds are flowing into the US now. positive item3. a US resident decreasing his holding of a foreign financial asset(a stock, a bond or an IOU froma loan) is a credit. The US individual is receiving a payment now (or receiving repayment of a previous loan) from the foreigner, so funds are flowing into the US now. positive item4. a foreign resident decreasing his holding of a US financial asset(a stock, a bond or an IOU froma loan) is a debit. The US buyer( or borrower) is making payment now(or repaying a previous loan) to the foreigner, so funds are flowing out of the US now. negative itemCA=I f, CA=S-I d, S=I d+I fCA: current account; S:national saving; Id: invest at home in domestic capital formation which is domestic real investment; If:invest abroad in net foreign investment.Y=C+I d+G+X-M: Y:domestic production of goods and services; C:domestic household consumption of goods and services; domestic real investment in buildings, equipments, software, and inventories; G: government spending on goods and services; X:foreign purchases of the country’s expo rts and services; M:the country’s purchases of imports of goods and services from other countries.E=C+I d+G, Y=E+X-M, CA=X-M=Y-E, E: the country’s total expenditure on goods and services.Spot exchange rate: is the price for “immediate” exchange; Forward exchange rate: is the price set now for an exchange that will take place sometime in the futureRetail part of the market: the trading done with customers.战友60%以上；The interbank part of the market.40%以下Fixed exchange rates: have a narrow “band” of exchange rates within which the rate is allowed vary.我国是有管理的浮动汇率制度Managed Floating Exchange Rate SystemThe demand and supply curves represent all demand and supply for that currency in the foreign exchange market, except for any official intervention by the official government monetary authorities (like central banks). With a floating exchange rate, the market reaches an equilibrium at points E. If the government wishes to fix the exchange rate at a different level, then it must intervene to buy or sell the currency to meet any difference between private quantity demanded and quantity supplied.In(A),if the British government is committed not to let the pound fall below $1.98/￡. When exchange rate is $1.98/￡, the pounds supply is more than the demand of pounds. They must buy 50(320-270) billion pounds, equal to the gap AB.In(B) not to let the francs rise above $1.01/SFr, at $1.01/SFr, D SFr>S SFr, so the government must sell 100 billion Swiss francs ,equal to the gapAB.An arbitrage is the process of buying and selling to make a riskless pure profit, ensures that rates in different locations are essentially the same, and that rates and cross-rates are related and consistent among themselves.Hedging a position exposed to rate risk, here exchange-rate risk, is the act of reducing or eliminating a net asset or net liability position in the foreign currency.Speculating is the act of taking a net asset position(“long”) or a net liability position(“short”) in some asset class, here a foreign currency.Speculating using forward foreign exchange远期外汇合同⽤于投机:4⽉时预计英镑价格从$1.98/ ?下降⾄$1.70/ ?（7⽉）——签订3个⽉后卖出1百万英镑的远期合同，90天远期汇率$1.9668 / ?)——3个⽉后，英镑价格如期下跌⾄$1.70/ ?——按现汇买⼊1百万英镑,⽀付$1,700,000——结清合同，获利$266,800Principle of "buy low, sell high" Your speculation may turn out differently ：4⽉时预计英镑价格从$1.98/ ?下降⾄$1.70/ ?（7⽉）——签订3个⽉后卖出1百万英镑的远期合同，90天远期汇率$1.9668 / ?——3个⽉后，英镑价格上升⾄$2.20/ ?——按现汇买⼊1百万英镑，⽀付$2,200,000——结清合同，亏损$233,200Long position:holding net assets in the foreign currency; short position: owing more of the foreign currency than one holds.国外：1.$1→1/e ?; 2.(1+i UK)*(1/e)本息；3. (1+i UK)*(1/e)*f收益$；国内：(1+i US)$Covered Interest Parity有抵补的利息平价CD=(1+i UK)*(1/e)*f-(1+i US)，If CD>0, investing in Britain ;CD<0,investing in America (home country);CD=0,利息平价Forward premium 远期升⽔—远期汇率⾼于即期汇率F>0F = (f-e)/e －－升⽔幅度(if F is positive) 若利率年化，则F=(f-e)/e*360/n*100%Forward discount 远期贴⽔—远期汇率低于即期汇率F<0近似计算If F is negative, CD = F + (iuk -ius )Uncovered Interest Parity⽆抵补的利息平价EUD=Expected appreciation + (iuk - ius ) =0 即EUD=e ex-e/e + (iuk - ius)=0，其中Expected appreciation= e ex-e/e，若年化利率则Expected appreciation=( e ex-e)/e*360/n*100%EUD=Expected depreciation + (iuk -ius ) < 0, The U.S. investor should invest dollar-denominated bonds.EUD=Expected appreciation + (ius - iuk) > 0, The U.K. investor should invest dollar-denominated bondson short-run movements in exchange rates：1. A rise in the foreign interest rate relative to our interest rate (i f-i); 2. A rise in theMexico’s oil reserves prove to be smaller than touted. Sell pesos. Weaker Mexican exports of oil in the future are likely to lower the peso’s exchange-rate value.出⼝更多⽯油，sell 更多peso，供应增加，peso depreciate。
跨文化交际英语复习资料
跨文化交际英语复习资料英语复习客观题部分Match partCultureThe total accumulation of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, institutions and communication patterns that are shared, learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people. CommunicationA process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior, or the exchange of thoughts, messages, or information, as by speech, signals, writing, or behavior.Ethnocentrism（民族优越感）The belief that your own cultural background, including ways of analyzing problems, values, beliefs, language, and verbal and nonverbal communication, is superior.Intercultural communicationThe communication between people from different cultures when a member of one culture produces a message for consumption（使用）by a member of another culture.Business communicationThe communication is within business and administration, aiming at a common objective and profits for both the individuals and organizations.Power distanceThe degree to which power differences are expected and accepted by society.ValuesA learned organization of rules for making choice and for resolving conflicts.Uncertainty avoidanceThe degree to which the society is willing to accept and deal with ambiguity（模棱两可）and uncertainty. Masculinity（男性）The degree to which traditional male values are important to a society.IndividualismThe degree to which individual decision-making and action is accepted and encouraged. Nonverbal communication The process by which nonverbal behaviors are used, either singly or in combination with verbal behaviors, in the exchange and interpretation（解释）of message in a given situation or context.Verbal communicationIt is carried out either in oral or written form with the use of words.Posture（姿势）It refers to our body position as a whole.Euphemisms（委婉语）Certain notions（概念）or things that people try to avoid mentioning directly.Personal spaceEach person has an invisible boundary around their body into which other people may not come. Affect displays（情感展示）Facial and body movements that show feelings and emotions.Taboo（禁忌语）Some words and expressions are considered by a society or culture as improper or unacceptable. Illustrators（非言语解释）Nonverbal behaviors that are directly tied to, or accompany, the verbal message.Culture shockThis term expresses the lack of direction, the feeling of not knowing what to do or how to do things in a new environment, and not knowing what is appropriate or inappropriate.Recovery stageA stage of culture shock characterized by（被表现为）gaining some understanding of the new culture. Acculturation （文化适应）It is a type of cultural change that results from continuous firsthand contact between two distinct cultural groups.Rejection（拒绝期）A coping mechanism（机制）against culture shock in which we think we don’t need anybody, and we are coping fine alone.Honeymoon stageA stage of culture shock, in which the new arrivals may feel euphoric（欣快）and be pleased by all of the new things encountered.Reverse culture shockIt refers to the “shock” one experiences upon returning to one’s home culture after growing used to a new one.IdentityIt refers to the mental image of oneself and other individuals.Stereotype（刻板的印象）It is a form of generalization（概括）about some group of people.Decide partPart IT As a phenomenon, intercultural communication has existedfor thousands of years. However, as a discipline, its history is only about fifty years.F Intercultural communication as a discipline（学科）first started in Europe (the USA).F Culture is a static (dynamic) entity while communication is a dynamic process.T Culture can be seen as shared knowledge, what people need to know in order to act appropriately in a given culture.T Although cultural stereotype（刻板的印象）has its limitations (over-generalization), it still contributes to a person’s cultural cognition.T In international communication, we should separate one’s individual character from cultural generalization（共性）.T Cultural mistakes are more serious than linguistic（语言的）mistakes. The linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his or her idea while cultural mistakes can lead to seriousmisunderstanding and even ill-feeling between individuals.F All people of the same nationality will have the same culture. (It’s clear that this is wrong.)T Although two cultures may share the same ideas, their meaning and significance may not be the same.F One’s actions are totally independ ent of (greatly influenced by) his or her culture.Part IIT Where power distance is large, the society believes that there should be a well-defined（明确规定的）order of inequality （不平等）in which everyone has a rightful place.F Large (Small) power distance countries such as the United States, Austria, Finland, and Denmark holdthat inequality in society should be minimized.F Where individualism is high (low), the society emphasizes （强调）the role of the group.T Individualists prefer self-sufficiency while collectivists give more recognition to their interdependent roles and obligations （义务）to the group.F Asian, Latin American, and West African nations are societies high (low) in individualism but low (high)in collectivism.T In high masculinity（男性势力）societies, sex roles are clearly differentiated and men are dominant （主导的）.T In high masculinity societies, people tend to believe that matters of material comfort, social privilege （特权）, etc. are related to ability.F In feminine societies, men and women are considered socially unequal (equal).T Where uncertainty avoidance is low, the society is comfortable with a low degree od uncertainty and is open to the unknown.T Where uncertainty avoidance is high, the society is concerned with certainty and security.Part IIIF Verbal communication is more important than nonverbal communication. (It’s clear that this is wrong.)F “Dragon” means the same (different) to the Westerner as “龙” to the Chinese.F The Chinese phrase “知识分子” has the same (different) meaning as “intellectual”.T A term in one language may not have a counterpart in another language.F In referring to animals and birds, the Chinese practice is generally to use “公” or “母” to show whethera creature is male or female. This is the same (different) with the English language.T The following six English words: “vice”, “associate”, “assistant”, “deputy”, “lieutenant” and “under” can all mean “副” in Chinese language.T In some cultures, eye contact should be avoided in order to show respect or obedience.F The French and Arabs are generally considered low-touch (high-touch).T The index finger（食指）pressed against the lips is a silent suggestion to stop talking.F We put the index finger and mid-finger apart with palm （手掌）against (toward) the receiver to mean“victory”, which was first used by Winston Churchill.Part IVT The term, culture shock, was introduced to describe the anxiety produced when a person moves to a completely new environment, especially when a person arrives in a new country where he isconfronted（面对）with a new cultural environment.F Positive (Negative) stereotypes often lead to prejudice（偏见）, which is generally defined ad negativeattitudes toward other people based on assumptions（臆测）about them.T Ethnocentrism（民族优越感）is the belief that one’s culture is the best and all other cultures are inferior（劣势）.T In TESL (Teaching English as a Second Language), it is traditionally held that the main purpose and criterion（标准）forstudying a foreign language is to communicate.F Culture shock can affect people to different degrees, so (but) there is no (are) predictable sequence(s)（顺序）of stages that people undergo.F The easier it is to adjust to a new culture, the easier it is to readjust to home culture. (It’s clear thatthis is wrong.)T Not only does students’ cultural diversity（多样）pose a significant（显著的）challenge for teachers, but the different cultural backgrounds of teachers themselves may also affect the learning style in classrooms dramatically（极大地）.T Since education is an important social context in which cultural influences are much in evidence, schools are a primary vehicle for teaching and learning cultural values.F In the UK (the USA), classes of students are divided into 12 academic levels called grades.T If people believe that their culture is the only true culture, they will discriminate（辨别）against people who manifest（表现）cultural norms（规范）that fail to correspond（对应）to their values and behaviors.。
IBM1999社会招聘笔试题
IBM1999社会招聘笔试题1. 一个粗细均匀的长直管子，两端开口，里面有4个白球4个黑球，球的直径、两端开口的直径等于管子的内径，现在白球和黑球的排列是wwwwbbbb，要求不取出任何一个球，使得排列变为bbwwwwbb2. 一只蜗牛从井底爬到井口，每天白天蜗牛要睡觉，晚上才出来活动，一个晚上蜗牛可以向上爬3尺，但是白天睡觉的时候会往下滑2尺，井深10尺，问几天蜗牛可以爬出来3. 在一个平面上画1999条直线最多能将这一平面划分成多少个部分4. 在太平洋的一个小岛上生活着土人，他们不愿意被外人打扰，一天一个探险家到了岛上，被土人抓住，土人的祭司告诉他，你临死前还可以有一个机会留下一句话，如果这句话是真的，你将被烧死，是假的你将被五马分尸，可怜的探险家如何才能活下来5. 怎么样种四棵树时的任意两棵树的距离相等6. 27个小运动员在参加完比赛后，口渴难耐，去小店买饮料，饮料掉搞促销，凭三个空瓶可以再换一瓶，他们最少卖多少瓶饮料才能保证一人一瓶？7. 有一座山，山上有座庙，只有一条路可以从山上的庙到山脚，每周一早上8点有一个聪明的小和尚去山下化缘，周二早上8点从山脚回山上庙里，小和尚的上下山的速度是任意的，在每个往返中，他总是能在周一和周二的同一钟点到达山路上的同一点，例如有一次他发现有一次他发现星期一的8点30和星期二的8点30他都到了山路靠山脚的3/4的地方，问这是为什么8. 有两根不均匀分布的香,每根香烧完的时间是一个小时,你能用什么方法来确定一段15 分钟的时间.==========================================IBM IPAT 考试感想(2003/08)IPAT 的全称是 IBM Personal Aptitude Test，即 IBM 个人能力测试。
这是 IBM 招募新员工的笔试，考查英文阅读速度和基本运算反应能力。
我前些天申请了 IBM 公司的工作，ChinaHR 初选后通知我去参加笔试。
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1 概述8。
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1 BRM的概念21对“船舶驾驶台资源管理"的理解是:对船舶驾驶台工作环境中的各种可利用资产的控制和组织对船舶驾驶台工作环境中的各种可利用的资产进行处理为达到船舶安全营运的目的,协调好船舶驾驶台团队全部人员之间的关系为达到船舶安全营运的目的而运用好船舶驾驶台内部的各种资源➢“船舶驾驶台资源管理”的定义是：妥善管理好驾驶台内的包括导航仪器设备在内的各种资源,以确保船舶的安全充分运用驾驶台内外的有助于船舶航行安全的各种仪器设备对船舶驾驶台工作环境中的各种可利用的资产的管理技艺、行为或处理对船舶驾驶台工作环境中的各种可利用资产进行安全评估8.2 组织8.2。
1 船舶与驾驶台组织结构5船舶驾驶台资源管理所涉及到的组织属于：具有协作关系的正式组织具有协作关系的非正式组织具有共同情感的正式组织具有共同情感的非正式组织直线式组织的优点是：指挥灵活能发挥专家的作用强化横向联系专业分工明确职能式组织的优点是:指挥灵活能发挥专家的作用强化横向联系命令统一矩阵式组织的优点是：指挥灵活能发挥专家的作用强化横向联系专业分工明确矩阵式组织的缺点是：管理工作粗放成员责任心不够强各职能部门自成体系专业分工不明确职能式组织的缺点是：管理工作粗放成员责任心不够强主管易于控制和规划容易形成多头指挥8.2.3组织成员的基本职责101 甲板部的主要职责包括：船体保养、货物装卸、消防救生设备与船用泵的管理货物装卸、船体保养、航海图书的管理、消防救生设备的管理船体保养、货物装卸、机电设备的管理、消防救生设备的管理主机管理、辅机管理、锅炉管理、机电设备的管理2轮机部的主要职责包括：消防救生设备与船用泵的管理、船体保养、货物装卸船体保养、货物装卸、航海图书的管理、消防救生设备的管理船体保养、货物装卸、机电设备的管理、消防救生设备的管理主机管理、辅机管理、锅炉管理、机电设备的管理3船舶人员可分为以下几个等级:指挥级、操纵级、支持级管理级、操作级、支持级领导级、操作级、支持级管理级、操纵级、支持级4管理级船员是指:船长、大副、轮机长船长、轮机长船长、大副、轮机长船长、大副、轮机长、大管轮5大副的职责包括：负责航行值班、货物配载、船体保养、航线设计负责航行值班、货物配载、船体保养、主持甲板部日常工作负责航线设计、航行值班、消防救生设备、船体保养负责航行值班、货物配载、导航仪器的维护、船体保养6二副的职责包括:负责航行值班、货物配载、船体保养、航线设计负责航线设计、航行值班、导航仪器的维护、船体保养负责航行值班、货物配载、导航仪器的维护、船体保养负责航线设计、消防救生设备的维护、船体保养、主持甲板部日常工作7。
三副的职责包括：负责航行值班、货物配载、航线设计负责航行值班、货物配载、船体保养负责航行值班、消防救生设备的维护、船体保养负责航行值班、货物配载、导航仪器的维护8.大管轮的职责包括：参与机舱值班、负责主机、主管推进装置与锅炉参与机舱值班、负责辅机、主管推进装置与锅炉参与机舱值班、负责主机、主管推进装置与副锅炉参与机舱值班、负责主机、主管甲板机械与管系9.二管轮的职责包括：参与机舱值班、负责主机、主管推进装置与锅炉参与机舱值班、负责辅机与应急发电系统参与机舱值班、负责主机、主管推进装置与副锅炉参与机舱值班、负责主机、主管甲板机械与管系10。
三管轮的职责包括：参与机舱值班、负责主机、主管推进装置与锅炉参与机舱值班、负责辅机、主管推进装置与锅炉参与机舱值班、负责甲板机械与副锅炉参与机舱值班、负责主机、主管甲板机械与管系8。
3 驾驶台团队8.3.1成熟班组形成的过程21团队形成的基本要素包括：成员们有着共同的目标、各成员具有鲜明个性、成员具有团队意识、成员具有爱心成员们有着共同的目标、成员之间相互依赖、成员具有自我意识、成员具有责任心成员们有着共同的目标、成员之间相互依赖、成员具有团队意识、成员具有爱心成员们有着共同的目标、各成员之间相互依赖、成员具有团队意识、成员具有责任心2团队形成的步骤是：组建团队、化解团队的内部冲突、团队逐步走向规范、团队执行任务确定团队目标、确定团队成员、团队逐步走向规范、团队执行任务组建团队、化解团队的外部冲突、团队逐步走向规范、团队执行任务组建团队、化解团队的内部冲突、团队执行任务、团队逐步走向规范8.3.2团队成员的角色101依据某专家得出的结论，优秀的团队应由种角色组成。
6 7 8 92团队中实干者的特征是：注重现实与传统纪律性一般自控力差工作效率一般3团队中协调者的特征是：不够沉稳自控力差工作效率一般善于发现成员的优势4团队中推进者的特征是：通常性格内向不喜欢与人争辩工作效率高善于发现成员的优势5团队中创新者的特征是：纪律性不够理想善于与人打交道不喜欢与人争辩想法很理性和实际6.团队中信息者的特征是：对外界不够敏感善于与人打交道工作效率不够高想法很理性和实际7。
团队中监督者的特征是：严谨冷静工作热情高善于鼓励成员有亲和力8.下列哪项不是团队中凝聚者的特征？能理解支持别人处事不够灵活有亲和力善于调解成员间的矛盾9.下列哪项不是团队中完美者的特征？大多性格外向工作主动有毅力做事注重细节10下列哪项是团队中技术专家的特征?性格外向管理经验丰富做事注重细节有奉献精神8。
3.6 优秀团队的特征51下列哪项不属于优秀团队的特征？有明确的目标有精湛的技能良好的沟通有不同的文化背景2“一致的承诺"是优秀团队的特征之一,对其理解错误的是：为了团队的成功，愿意做任何事情忠诚于团队愿意为团队发挥最大的潜能一致承诺不背叛团队3对优秀团队的特征之一“有效的领导"的理解,错误的是：能够让团队跟随自己共同度过难关能培养成员的自信心能挖掘成员的潜力对团队实行军事化管理,要求成员令行禁止8。
3。
7 不同环境下班组工作的要点151船舶航行中接引航员登船时,下列说法正确的是；船舶停车淌航尽量给引航船做下风船舶备车航行尽量给引航船做下风船舶滞航尽量给引航船做下风船舶漂滞尽量给引航船做下风2船舶航行中接引航员登船时，下列说法正确的是：船舶停车淌航用手操舵船舶备车航行用自动舵船舶滞航用自动舵船舶备车航行用手操舵3船舶航行中接引航员登船时，下列说法正确的是：船舶备车、降速、用手操舵船舶停车淌航、用手操舵船舶备车、降速、用自动舵船舶停车淌航、用自动舵4船舶航行中接送引航员登离船时，登离船口距水面的高度不得超过米.8 9 10 115引航员登离船时所使用的扶手绳的一端要固定在部位。
舷梯上栏杆上软梯上甲板上6在下列哪种情况下，引航员登离船容易发生事故?风力达到3级、浪高达到0。
5米风力达到4级、浪高达到1米风力达到5级、浪高达到0.5米风力达到6级、浪高达到1米6.船舶在进出港时,船舶驾驶员交接班应做到：交班驾驶员推迟10分钟离开驾驶台、接班驾驶员提前10分钟上驾驶台交班驾驶员推迟15分钟离开驾驶台、接班驾驶员提前15分钟上驾驶台交班驾驶员推迟20分钟离开驾驶台、接班驾驶员提前20分钟上驾驶台交班驾驶员推迟30分钟离开驾驶台、接班驾驶员提前30分钟上驾驶台7引航员登离船时，自始至终应由负责协助和护送。
值班水手值班驾驶员船长大副8在调整引航员软梯长度时，应该做到；从软梯的上端收起或放下从软梯的下端收起或放下从软梯的中间收起或放下从软梯的端部收起或放下9在风浪中，引航员爬上引航梯的时机是:当引航艇颠簸到最低点附近时当引航艇颠簸到中间点附近时当引航艇颠簸到最高点或最低点附近时当引航艇颠簸到最高点附近时10引航员引航时，如果船舶安全不能得到保证时，船长应该怎样做是最妥当的?善意提醒收回指挥权理解要求更换引航员与引航员沟通11船舶在制作引航卡时，应将最重要的信息打印在引航卡的部位。
最后面最前面中间最前面或最后面12引航员当发现自己的引航工作无法正常进行时,可采取必要的行动，该行动不包括：提出警告性声明强调引航员自身的安全告知船长中止引航与船长沟通并继续引航13到港前的引航准备工作包括制定应急预案,下列哪项不属于应急预案考虑的内容？紧急情况下车不来紧急情况下舵失灵紧急情况下倒车翻不过来进港前控制好船速15船舶进出港时：大副应在驾驶台、大管轮应在机舱亲自指挥值班驾驶员应在驾驶台、值班轮机员应在机舱亲自指挥船长应在驾驶台、大管轮应在机舱亲自指挥船长应在驾驶台、轮机长应在机舱亲自指挥8。
4 通信与沟通8.4.3内部沟通与通信：方式及要点，与引航员的沟通要点101内部通信不包括：驾驶台与机舱的通信驾驶台与报房的通信驾驶台与船首尾的通信驾驶台与驾驶台的通信2船上重要的沟通方式不包括下列哪项？船上会议简要提示值班命令电传3船上重要的沟通方式不包括下列哪项？船舶手册简要提示值班命令与VTS联系4当船舶进港时, 支配拖轮、带缆艇工人是恰当的.船长引航员值班驾驶员大副5引航员在船引航时,值班驾驶员的主要和关键作用是什么？监视设备和船舶动态海图作业定位测深负责与港口的联络6引航员在船引航时, 对船舶安全负有最终责任？引航员船长值班驾驶员引航员和船长7最常用的内部通信的手段是什么？口头通信书面通信对讲机电话8下列哪种内部通信手段最稳定准确？书面通信口头通信船舶手册公告9下列哪项不是常见的船舶书面通信的手段?值班命令船舶手册公告海图10下列哪项不是常见的船舶书面通信的手段?标签符号海报航海通告8.4.4外部通信：方式及要点51下列哪项不属于外部通信？与船舶交管中心的通信与代理的通信公告船位报告2下列哪项不属于外部通信？与船舶交管中心的通信与代理的通信值班命令与引航站的通信3外部通信的手段不包括下列哪项？通函电子邮件传真对讲机4 是船岸之间广泛使用的通信方式。
甚高频电话对讲机电子邮件传真5通信与沟通的主要障碍有两大类。
噪声障碍与语言障碍精神涣散与语言障碍物理障碍与人为障碍设备的物理处所障碍与人为障碍6下列哪项不构成通信与沟通的主要障碍？语言障碍物理障碍化学障碍噪声7下列哪项不属于提高通信与沟通质量的措施？使用共同语言提高噪声减轻工作负荷增强文化意识8.5 决策和领导力8。
5。
1.4 决策条件31船舶管理者在决策时可能面对的条件有:确定性与不确定性、风险性与保险性确定性、不确定性、风险性不确定性与风险性风险性与保险性2在面对决策的不确定性时,船舶管理者更依赖于进行决策。
理智感觉经验技能3在面对决策的确定性时,船舶管理者可以做出的决策。
较精确的不够精确的有较大风险的无任何风险的8。
5.1。
5 决策的过程与要点51。
关于“决策的过程"，下列描述正确的是：确定必要性、收集资料、明确目的、拟定方案、选择最终的对策、实施决策收集资料、拟定方案、确定必要性、明确目的、选择最终的对策、实施决策拟定方案、确定必要性、明确目的、收集资料、选择最终的对策、实施决策确定必要性、明确目的、收集资料、拟定方案、选择最终的对策、实施决策2船舶管理者在决策前应注意以下要点：明确决策的目的、加强团队协作、认真收集资料明确决策的必要性、加强团队协作、认真收集资料明确目的、加强团队协作、拟定决策方案明确目的、加强团队协作、实施决策3船舶管理者在决策时应注意以下要点:沉着及时、仔细考虑、准备替代方案沉着及时、仔细考虑、准备应急方案研究资料、仔细考虑、准备替代方案收集信息、仔细考虑、准备替代方案4船舶管理者在决策后应依次注意以下要点：评估进程、监督进程、改进决策监督进程、评估进程、改进决策改进决策、监督进程、评估进程评估进程、改进决策、监督进程5在实际的决策过程中，关于“方案的拟定、比较、选择"正确说法是：决策的步骤必须是：先拟定方案，再比较方案，最后选择方案决策的步骤必须是：先比较方案,再拟定方案，最后选择方案决策的过程往往是方案的拟定、比较、选择交织在一起的方案的拟定必须一次性完成8.5.1.6 船舶短期决策的制定51船舶短期决策的制定应依次遵循如下原则：识别问题、制定解决问题的计划、团队核查计划、通报已达成共识的计划、监测计划的执行制定解决问题的计划、识别问题、团队核查计划、通报已达成共识的计划、监测计划的执行制定解决问题的计划、团队核查计划、识别问题、通报已达成共识的计划、监测计划的执行识别问题、制定解决问题的计划、监测计划的执行、团队核查计划、通报已达成共识的计划2船长在船舶短期决策制定中的职责包括：评估信息的质量、让团队成员参与决策、根据情况变化随时作出调整收集可能影响到决策的主要信息、让团队成员参与决策、根据情况变化随时作出调整评估信息的质量、自行决策以确保效率、根据情况变化随时作出调整根据经验果断迅速地决策、根据情况变化随时作出调整3关于引航员在船舶短期决策制定和实施中的职责，下列说法错误的是：决策由引航员最终拍板引航员协助船长决策必要时实施决策在自信和权威之间寻求平衡4关于驾驶台团队在船舶短期决策制定和实施中的职责，下列说法错误的是：当船长权威低到威胁船舶安全时，应有信心实施决策当船长权威大到给团队造成了过大压力时，应降低自信、避免冲突;在自信和权威之间寻求平衡当环境威胁到船舶安全时,提醒和要求船长控制好船舶8.5.2。