英文摘要写作训练报告1
怎样写英文摘要（5篇）
怎样写英文摘要（5篇）第一篇：怎样写英文摘要摘要的类型与基本内容根据内容的不同，摘要可分为以下三大类：报道性摘要、指示性摘要和报道指示性摘要(1)报道性摘要(informative abstract)：也常称作信息性摘要或资料性摘要，其特点是全面、简要地概括论文的目的、方法、主要数据和结论。
通常,这种摘要可以部分地取代阅读全文。
(2)指示性摘要(indicative abstract)：也常称为说明性摘要、描述性摘要(descriptive abstract)或论点摘要(topic abstract)，一般只用二三句话概括论文的主题，而不涉及论据和结论，多用于综述、会议报告等。
该类摘要可用于帮助潜在的读者来决定是否需要阅读全文。
(3)报道-指示性摘要(informative-indicative abstract)：以报道性摘要的形式表述一次文献中的信息价值较高的部分，以指示性摘要的形式表述其余部分。
传统的摘要多为一段式，在内容上大致包括引言(Introduction)，材料与方法(Materials and Methods)，结果(Results)和讨论(Discussion)等主要方面，即IMRAD((Introduction，Methods，Results and Discussion)结构的写作模式。
20世纪80年代中期出现了另一种摘要文体，即“结构式摘要"(structured abstract),该摘要实质上是报道性摘要的结构化表达。
写摘要的注意事项摘要主要讲述本论文的要点。
结论写完以后再写摘要.摘要给人第一口苹果的品尝效果.审稿人一般用15分钟看摘要和引言.如果第一印象不好,他/她会去寻找理由建议主编退稿.5 摘要的读者面比论文全文的读者面大得多。
不要用第一人称。
写摘要的顺序第一句话：讲一下你这篇文章的研究意义（但是有的杂志不需要这句话）第二句话：以 To eluicdatie the mechanism..., To investigate....,或者for the purpose of....开头来讲述你这样研究的目的。
论文写作中的英文摘要范例
论文写作中的英文摘要范例英文摘要(Abstract)是论文写作中必不可少的一部分，其作用是概括出论文的主要内容和结论，帮助读者迅速了解论文的核心观点。
本文将提供一篇关于论文写作中英文摘要的范例，以供参考。
AbstractWith the increasing globalization of academic research, it has become essential for scholars to effectively communicate their work to a wider audience. One crucial element in this process is the abstract, which summarizes the main points and findings of a research paper. In this article, we will provide an example of an English abstract for a research paper, demonstrating key elements and tips for writing an effective abstract.IntroductionThe abstract serves as a brief overview of a research paper, allowing readers to quickly grasp the purpose, methodology, and outcomes of the study. It should be concise yet informative, providing enough information to engage the reader while remaining within a specified word limit.Main BodyI. Purpose and BackgroundThe first element of an abstract is a clear statement of the research paper's purpose and its background. It should outline the rationale for the study, highlighting any research gaps or unanswered questions in the field. For example:This research aims to investigate the effects of climate change on coastal ecosystems, with a focus on marine biodiversity and coral reef health. Given the increasing threats to these ecosystems, understanding the potential impacts of climate change is crucial for effective conservation strategies.II. MethodologyThe abstract should briefly describe the methodology employed in the research. This can include the study design, data collection methods, and analytical approaches. However, detailed technical information should be avoided. For example:A combination of field surveys, laboratory experiments, and statistical analyses were conducted to assess the long-term effects of temperature increase and ocean acidification on coral reefs. Data on species diversity, abundance, and health were collected from various reefs in the Caribbean region.III. ResultsThe abstract should highlight the key findings of the research. It should summarize the outcomes and conclusions derived from the data analysis. However, specific data or numerical results should be avoided, focusing instead on general trends and significant discoveries. For example:Our study revealed a significant decline in coral species diversity and overall health in response to increased water temperatures and ocean acidification. Furthermore, we found a decrease in the abundance of commercially important fish species, indicating potential impacts on local communities dependent on coral reef resources.IV. Implications and ConclusionThe abstract should conclude with a discussion of the broader implications of the research and its significance. It should provide a concise statement summarizing the main contributions of the study to the field and any recommendations for future research or policy implications. For example:These findings highlight the urgent need for immediate actions to mitigate the effects of climate change on coastal ecosystems. Implementing measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and establishing marine protected areas can help safeguard marine biodiversity and protect the livelihoods of communities dependent on coral reef resources.ConclusionIn conclusion, writing an effective English abstract is crucial for communicating the key points and contributions of a research paper. By providing a clear purpose, concise methodology, major findings, and broader implications, the abstract serves as a concise summary of the research work, enticing readers to delve deeper into the full paper. By following the guidelines and structure provided in this example abstract, researchers can enhance their chances of effectively conveying their research to a global audience.。
运动类英文摘要作文
运动类英文摘要作文I have always been a big fan of sports, whether it's playing them or watching them. Sports have always been a huge part of my life, and I believe that they are essential for both physical and mental well-being.英文，I have always been a big fan of sports, whether it's playing them or watching them. Sports have always been a huge part of my life, and I believe that they are essential for both physical and mental well-being.中文，我一直是体育运动的忠实粉丝，无论是参与还是观看。
体育运动一直是我生活的重要组成部分，我相信它们对身体和心理健康都至关重要。
Playing sports not only helps me stay in shape, but it also allows me to relieve stress and have fun. For example, when I play basketball with my friends, I can forget about all the worries and just focus on the game. It's a great way to clear my mind and recharge my batteries.英文，Playing sports not only helps me stay in shape,but it also allows me to relieve stress and have fun. For example, when I play basketball with my friends, I canforget about all the worries and just focus on the game.It's a great way to clear my mind and recharge my batteries.中文，参加体育运动不仅有助于保持身材，还能让我释放压力，享受乐趣。
英文summary撰写指导（精选5篇）
英文summary撰写指导（精选5篇）第一篇：英文summary撰写指导怎么写ＳＵＭＭＡＲＹ摘要（summary）是一种对原始文献（或文章）的基本内容进行浓缩的语义连贯的短文。
它以迅速掌握原文内容梗概为目的，不加主观评论和解释，但必须简明、确切地表述原文的重要内容。
摘要写作（summary writing）是一种控制性的作文形式，它能使学生通过阅读原文，吸收原文的文章结构与语言方面的长处，写出内容一致、结构近似、语言简洁的短文。
另外，对培养学生善于抓住文章重点的能力也有很大帮助，有利于他们在实际写作中避免面面俱到，事无巨细，一一罗列的不良倾向。
这种写作既要准确理解原文，又要能综合概括；既能培养欣赏能力，又能训练书面表达能力。
因此，用英文写摘要，对学习英语写作的学生来说，不失为一种切合实际的方法。
下面谈谈怎么写好英文摘要。
1）细读原文。
首先要仔细阅读全篇作品，然后对作品进行整体分析，掌握原文总的意思和结构，明确全文的主题（the maintheme）和各段的段落大意（the main idea）。
2）弄清要求。
搞清楚是写全文概要，还是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。
3）列出原文要点。
分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。
在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。
4）草拟写作提纲并写出初稿。
将挑选出的要点作为框架草拟详细的提纲，以所列的提纲为依据写出摘要的初稿。
在写作时要特别注意下面几点：（1）摘要应包括原文中的主要事实（main facts）；略去不必要的细节（unnecessary details）。
（2）安排好篇幅的比例。
摘要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。
（3）注意段落的连贯和句子的衔接。
要用适当的转折词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子。
（4）尽可能用自己的话来写，但不排斥用原文的某些词句。
（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。
英语摘要范文5篇
1、现代化要求教师角色重新定位。
The Demand of Relocating Teachers’ Role in ModernizationIn the current era of globalization, the role of teacher in education is undergoing great change. Instead of providing knowledge for students once and for all, teachers are expected to show the students how to find, obtain and use knowledge on their own. More importantly, teachers should act as a facilitator and counselor for students’ future development. To achieve this goal, teachers need to respond to students’ abilities and adapt to the changing demand readily. In brief, teaching is all about offering paths to students and keeping them highly motivated on the way.2、博物馆免费开放：亟待公众热情参与。
The Museum is Free：the Enthusiasm of the Public is ExpectedIn March 2008, our government had made a decision that the museum would be opened free for the public. This decision is welcomed and shortens the distance between the public and the museum, which not only ensures the cultural rights of the public but also promotes economic growth though it still has some disadvantages. Specifically speaking, it provides an opportunity for the public participation and can arouse their enthusiasm. Meantime, the system construction of the public participation should be strengthened thereby to improve the utilization of the publiccultural resources. Moreover, various museum exhibitions can sat isfy the pu blic’s spiritual andcultural needs and cultivate their loyalty and enhance the cohesion of a nation. Besides, it also promotes the local economic development based on the development of cultural heritage.3、论科学研究的方法。
英语摘要的写作范文
英文摘要格式主要纲目以大写罗马数字标出，次要纲目则依次用大写英文字母、阿拉伯数字和小写英文字母标出。
各数字或字母后均为一句点，空出一格后再打该项内容的第一个字母；处于同一等级的纲目，其上下行左边必须对齐。
需要注意的是，同等重要的纲目必须是两个以上，即：有Ⅰ应有Ⅱ，有A应有B，以此类推。
如果英文论文提纲较长，需两页纸，则第二页须在右上角用小写罗马数字标出页码，即ii（第一页无需标页码）。
三、摘要1、英文摘要是应用符合英文语法的文字语言，提供论文内容梗概为目的的短文。
（内容基本与中文摘要相同，但不用完全逐句对应）。
2、英文题目、摘要、关键词自成一页（1页即可），放在中文摘要页之后。
3、英文字体与行间距：统一使用“西文字体”中的“Times New Roman”,1.5倍行间距。
4、英文题目：使用三号字加粗。
5、英文摘要：“Absract”顶格，使用四号字，并加粗。
6、英文关键词：“Key Words”顶格，使用四号字并加粗。
四、正文有标题页和提纲页的英语论文，其正文第一页的规范格式为：论文标题居中，其位置距打印纸顶端约5cm，距正文第一行约1.5cm。
在打印正文时尚需注意标点符号的打印格式，即：句末号（句号、问号及感叹号）后应空两格，其他标点符号后则空一格。
五、文中引述正确引用作品原文或专家、学者的论述是写好英语论文的重要环节；既要注意引述与论文的有机统一，即其逻辑性，又要注意引述格式（即英语论文参考文献）的规范性。
各条目第一行需顶格打印，回行时均需缩进五格，以将该条目与其他条目区分开来。
英语论文摘要又称文摘，是论文的重要组成部分，它是以提供文献内容梗概为目的，不加评论和补充解释，简明、确切地记述文献重要内容的短文。
摘要应具有独立性和自明性，并拥有与文献同等量的主要信息，即不需阅读全文，就可获得重要的信息。
摘要通常置于文题之后，文章之首。
在论文发表后，论文摘要常被文献检索系统所收集。
英语论文摘要一般为200-300单词，并有与英文摘要表达观点一致的中文摘要与之对应。
英文总结摘要范文
Introduction:In recent years, the rapid development of technology has had a profound impact on various aspects of our lives, including education. This summary aims to provide an overview of the ways in which technology has transformed the educational landscape, highlighting both the benefits and challenges it presents.Body:1. Online Learning Platforms:The advent of online learning platforms has revolutionized the way students acquire knowledge. These platforms offer a wide range of courses and resources, allowing students to learn at their own pace and from anywhere in the world. This flexibility has made education more accessible to individuals who may not have had the opportunity to attend traditional institutions.2. Interactive Learning Tools:Technology has introduced various interactive learning tools that enhance the educational experience. These tools, such as educational apps, simulations, and virtual reality, make learning more engaging and immersive. Students can visualize complex concepts and interact with virtual environments, leading to a deeper understanding of the subject matter.3. Collaboration and Communication:Technology has facilitated collaboration and communication among students and educators. Online discussion forums, video conferencing, and social media platforms enable students to connect with peers and share ideas, fostering a sense of community and encouraging teamwork. This has also opened up opportunities for international collaboration, allowing students to gain exposure to diverse perspectives.4. Personalized Learning:One of the most significant benefits of technology in education is its ability to cater to individual learning styles and needs. Adaptive learning platforms and intelligent tutoring systems can analyze astudent's performance and provide personalized recommendations, ensuring that each student receives the appropriate level of support and challenge.5. Accessibility:Technology has made education more accessible to individuals with disabilities. Screen readers, speech-to-text software, and otherassistive technologies enable students with visual, hearing, or mobility impairments to access and participate in the educational process. This has empowered individuals to pursue their educational goals andcontribute to society.6. Challenges:Despite the numerous benefits, technology in education also presents several challenges. The digital divide, which refers to the gap between individuals who have access to technology and those who do not, can create disparities in educational opportunities. Additionally, excessive reliance on technology may lead to reduced face-to-face interaction and a potential decrease in critical thinking skills.Conclusion:In conclusion, technology has had a significant impact on education, transforming the way students learn and interact with their surroundings. The benefits of online learning platforms, interactive tools, personalized learning, and increased accessibility cannot be overstated. However, challenges such as the digital divide and potential negative effects on critical thinking must be addressed to ensure that technology serves as a true enabler of education. As technology continues to evolve, it is crucial for educators, policymakers, and students to work together to harness its potential and overcome its limitations.。
实习报告摘要英文
IntroductionThis internship report provides a comprehensive summary of my experience at [Company Name], a leading [industry] company. During the [duration of internship], I was tasked with [briefly describe the primary responsibilities or projects]. This report aims to outline the key learnings, challenges faced, and the overall impact of the internship on my professional development.Internship DetailsThe internship was conducted at [Company Name], a [briefly describe the company's size, industry, and main activities]. The duration of the internship was [number] weeks, from [start date] to [end date]. My internship was primarily based in [location], with occasional travel to [other locations if applicable].Primary ResponsibilitiesAs an intern, I was responsible for the following tasks:1. [Task 1]: [Provide a brief description of the task, such as data analysis, market research, or assisting with a project.]2. [Task 2]: [Describe another task, such as writing reports, conducting interviews, or participating in team meetings.]3. [Task 3]: [Detail the third task, which could involve learning new software, handling customer inquiries, or organizing events.]Key LearningsDuring my internship, I gained valuable insights into the following areas:1. Industry Knowledge: I learned about the intricacies of the [industry] sector, including [mention specific learnings, e.g., market trends, competitors, and customer needs].2. Professional Skills: I honed my [mention specific skills, e.g., communication, teamwork, problem-solving, and time management] skillsthrough daily interactions with colleagues and participation in various projects.3. Technical Proficiency: I acquired proficiency in [mention any new software or tools used, e.g., Microsoft Excel, Adobe Photoshop, or industry-specific software].4. Soft Skills: I developed stronger [mention soft skills, e.g., adaptability, resilience, and empathy] through the challenges and teamwork experiences during the internship.Challenges FacedDespite the positive aspects of the internship, I encountered several challenges:1. Adaptation: Adjusting to the company's culture and workflow required time and effort, as well as learning to navigate the corporate environment.2. Time Management: Balancing multiple tasks and deadlines was a significant challenge, which I overcame by prioritizing and seeking guidance when needed.3. Technical Hurdles: Some tasks required a higher level of technical expertise than I possessed initially, which I addressed through self-study and mentorship.Impact on Professional DevelopmentThe internship had a profound impact on my professional development:1. Career Direction: It confirmed my interest in the [industry] sector, solidifying my decision to pursue a career in [mention your desiredfield or role].2. Networking: I built a professional network of mentors and colleagues, which I will continue to cultivate post-internship.3. Confidence: Completing the internship with a successful project and positive feedback from my supervisors has boosted my confidence in my abilities.ConclusionIn conclusion, my internship at [Company Name] was an invaluable experience that provided me with a unique opportunity to apply my academic knowledge in a real-world setting. The challenges faced and skills acquired during this period have significantly contributed to my personal and professional growth. I am grateful for the opportunity to have been part of [Company Name] and look forward to applying the lessons learned in my future endeavors.。
英语实训报告文章范文(3篇)
第1篇IntroductionThe English practical training program has been an invaluable experience for me, providing a platform to apply the theoretical knowledge acquired in the classroom to real-world scenarios. This report aims to summarize the key aspects of the training, including the objectives, methods, outcomes, and personal reflections. The training was conducted over a period of three months, involving various activities such as role-playing, group discussions, and individual presentations.Objectives of the TrainingThe primary objectives of the English practical training were:1. Enhancing Communication Skills: To improve spoken and written English communication skills, especially in professional contexts.2. Developing Cultural Awareness: To understand and appreciate cultural differences and their impact on communication.3. Applying Theoretical Knowledge: To practically apply the linguistic theories and concepts learned in the classroom.4. Building Confidence: To develop confidence in using English in both formal and informal settings.Training MethodsThe training program was designed to be interactive and engaging, incorporating a variety of methods:1. Role-Playing: Participants were given scenarios related to different professional fields and were required to role-play conversations, which helped in developing fluency and confidence.2. Group Discussions: Regular group discussions on various topics were organized to encourage active participation and critical thinking.3. Individual Presentations: Participants were tasked with delivering presentations on assigned topics, which helped in honing public speaking skills.4. Workshops: Interactive workshops were conducted on topics such as business communication, cross-cultural communication, and interview techniques.Outcomes of the TrainingThe training program yielded several positive outcomes:1. Improved Communication Skills: Participants reported significant improvements in their spoken and written English communication skills, particularly in formal and professional settings.2. Increased Cultural Awareness: The training helped in understanding cultural nuances and their implications in communication, leading to more effective interactions.3. Practical Application of Theoretical Knowledge: The practical exercises allowed participants to apply the theoretical concepts learned in the classroom, thereby reinforcing their understanding.4. Enhanced Confidence: The training helped in building confidence in using English, which was evident in the participants' interactions and presentations.Personal ReflectionsMy personal experience with the English practical training was highly rewarding. Here are some key reflections:1. Real-World Application: The training provided an excellent opportunity to apply the theoretical knowledge acquired in the classroom to real-world scenarios, which was both challenging and beneficial.2. Networking Opportunities: The training sessions allowed me tointeract with peers from different backgrounds, which helped in expanding my network and gaining diverse perspectives.3. Continuous Learning: The training emphasized the importance of continuous learning and improvement, which I believe is crucial in the field of language learning.4. Increased Motivation: The practical nature of the training motivated me to further improve my English skills and explore new areas of interest.ConclusionIn conclusion, the English practical training program was an enriching experience that not only helped in enhancing my English communication skills but also in developing a deeper understanding of cultural differences and their impact on communication. The various methods employed in the training, combined with the opportunity to apply theoretical knowledge in practical scenarios, made the program highly effective. I am grateful for the opportunity to participate in this training and look forward to applying the skills and knowledge gained in future professional endeavors.Appendix1. Training Schedule2. Feedback Forms3. Participant Presentations4. Role-Playing Scenarios---This is a basic framework for a 2500-word English实训报告文章范文。
英文摘要万能模板
英文摘要万能模板篇一：英语摘要十大万能模板由于英语摘要是新题型，相对来讲比较难，但是大家摸清基本的套路和方法，就不会无从下笔了，下面的十个模板是从《MBA联考英语写作分册》摘录的，模板很简单，大家把模板背熟，到考试是直接套用就行了，不过最好先找几篇文章练练笔，熟悉一下流程。
英文摘要的基本方法就是：首先，写出中文摘要；其次，把它用简单的英文翻译过来并加以修改。
英文摘要的写作注意事项：1、英文摘要结构严谨，表达简明，语义确切。
尽量使用短句，慎用长句。
2、应采用第三人称表达方式，谓语动词用一般现在时、现在完成时或一般过去时。
进行时态和其他复合时态基本不用。
3、英文摘要的语态既可采用主动，也可采用被动。
英语摘要十大万能模板框架一In the first paragraph of the dissertation, the author highlights that due attention has to be paid to__. Several fundamental factors have contributed to such a tendency. First and foremost, among the most convincing causes identified by people, one should be stressed, that is __. In addition, as far as the author is concerned, __ is of utmost significance to our society. The last but not the least, as isillustrated in the last paragraph of the essay, the writer also takes __into consideration. Given all the above argument, we can draw the conclusion that __ is indeed crucial.在本段的第一段，强调我们必须充分重视＿（中心词）。
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英文摘要写作训练报告题目图像视频水印算法研究学号姓名班级电信科0801班日期2011年12 月28 日英文摘要内容安排研究项目：图像视频水印算法研究一、根据关键词查找中英文参考文献要求：中英文文献各10篇，并将其存于文件夹中提交；参考文献要包括期刊文章、会议文章、学位论文、书籍等内容。
关键词：图像水印；视频水印；软件水印参考文献：[1]张奎.数字图像水印算法研究[D].太原：太原理工大学,2010.[2]朱陶丽.基于MPEG-4的视频水印技术研究[D].北京：北京交通大学,2010.[3]卢静.基于变换域鲁棒视频水印算法研究[D].海南：海南大学,2011.[4]熊祥光.基于小波变换和HVS的图像与视频水印算法研究[D].武汉：中南民族大学，2010.[5]唐宁.小波域自适应图像水印研究[D].曲阜：曲阜师范大学，2010.[6]明细细.抗几何攻击数字图像水印算法研究[D].湖南：湖南大学，2010.[7]张伟东，端木春江，李均波.一种抗几何攻击的数字图像零水印方案[J].计算机与现代化.2011年第2期.[8]同鸣，秦可臻，姬红兵.一种A VS压缩域视频语义鲁棒水印方法[N].西安电子科技大学学报（自然科学版）.2011-2（第38卷第1期）.[9]王晶，王向阳.基于人类视觉系统的数字图像水印方法[J].计算机工程.2011-7（第37卷第13期）.[10]张燕，朱俊平.基于小波域和图像融合技术的视频水印算法研究[J].微计算机信息.2011年第27卷第5期.[11]SONG Wei,HOU Jian-jun,LI Zhao-hong,HUANG Liang.Chaotic system and or factorization based robust digital image watermarking algorithm.J. Cent. South Univ. Technol. (2011) 18: 116−124.[12]Bi, N., Sun, Q., Huang, D., Yang, Z., Huang, J.: Robust image watermarking based on multiband wavelets and empirical mode decomposition. IEEE Trans. Image Processing16(8), 1956–1966 (2007).[13]Min-Jen Tsai.Wavelet tree based digital image watermarking by adopting the chaotic system for security enhancement.Multimed Tools Appl (2011) 52:347–367.[14]Tsai MJ, Shen CH (2007) Wavelet Tree Group Modulation (WTGM) for digital image watermarking.Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing 2:173–176.[15]Tsai MJ (accepted for publication in 2009) Dynamic Energy Enabled Differentiation (DEED) Image Watermarking Based on Human Visual System and Wavelet Tree Classification. Multimedia Tools and Applications.[16]Bi, N., Sun, Q., Huang, D., Yang, Z., Huang, J.: Robust image watermarking based onmultiband wavelets and empirical mode decomposition. IEEE Trans. Image Processing 16(8), 1956–1966 (2007).[17]Licks, V., Jordan, R.: Geometric Attacks on Image Watermarking Systems. IEEE Multimedia Magazine 12(3), 68–78 (2005).[18]Mikolajczyk, K., Schmid, C.: A performance evaluation of local descriptors. IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 27(10), 1615–1630 (2005).[19]K. Wong and K. Tanaka, “Complete video quality preserving data hiding with reversible functionality”, In Proc.of ISCCSP, pp 1029-1034, March 2008.[20]M. WANG, Q. PEI, K. FAN, “Integrality authentication schema of H.264 video based on the fragile watermark”, Journal of xidian University, Vol. 34, No. 5, pp.823-827 , 2007. 二、摘要英译汉翻译1、英文原文：A DCT-domain system for robust image watermarking AbstractAn adaptive watermarking technique is introduced in this work. A regional perceptual classifier is employed to assign a noise sensitivity index to each region. The watermark is inserted in the original image according to this index by using block DCT. The detection of the watermark is designed to achieve a desired false alarm probability. Digital watermarking has been proposed as a solution to the problem of copyright protection of multimedia data in a networked environment. It makes possible to tightly associate to a digital document a code allowing the identification of the data creator, owner, authorized consumer, and so on. In this paper a new watermarking algorithm for digital images is presented: the method, which operates in the frequency domain, embeds a pseudo-random sequence of real numbers in a selected set of DCT coefficients. After embedding, the watermark is adapted to the image by exploiting the masking characteristics of the human visual system, thus ensuring the watermark invisibility. By exploiting the statistical properties of the embedded sequence, the mark can be reliably extracted without resorting to the original uncorrupted image. Experimental results demonstrate that the watermark is robust to several signal processing techniques, including JPEG compression, low pass and median filtering, histogram equalization and stretching, dithering, addition of Gaussian noise, resizing, and multiple watermarking.Keyword: Digital watermarking; Copyright protection; Security; Image authentication中文翻译：基于DCT变化域系统的鲁棒性图像水印算法摘要文提出了一个自适应水印技术。
采用区域感知分类器来对每一个区域指定一个噪声敏感系数指标，通过这种基于块的DCT变换的指标来把水印嵌入到原始图像，这种对水印的检测的目的是为了实现一个所需要的错误警戒概率。
数字水印技术作为一种在网络环境中对多媒体数据版权保护问题的解决方法而被提出，它使得紧密联系一段数据文件代码来鉴别数据的创建者、所属者、授权用户等成为了可能。
本文提出了一种新的数字图像水印算法：在频域中，往已选择的DCT系数集合中嵌入一段实数伪随机序列，这样，根据人眼的视觉隐蔽特性而把水印掩藏在图片中，从而保证水印的隐藏。
利用嵌入的随机序列的统计特性很容易的提取出水印，而不用依靠完整的原始图像。
实验表明，这种水印技术对于常见的JPEG压缩、低通和中值滤波、直方图均衡和展缩、抖动、加高斯噪声、尺度变换及多水印等信号处理技术有很好的鲁棒性。
关键字：数字水印；版权保护；安全性；图像认证2、英文原文：TRANSPARENT ROBUST IMAGE WATERMARKING AbstractWe propose a watermarking scheme to hide copyright information in an image. The scheme employs visual masking to guarantee that the embedded watermark is invisible and to maximize the robustness of the hidden data. The watermark is constructed for arbitrary image blocks by filtering a pseudo-noise sequence (author id) with a filter that approximates the frequency masking characteristics of the visual system. The noise-like watermark is statistically invisible to deter unauthorized removal. Experimental results show that the watermark is robust to several distortions including white and colored noises, JPEG coding at different qualities, and cropping.中文翻译：透明鲁棒性图像水印算法摘要我们提出了一个把版权信息隐藏在图像中的水印方案。