天大17秋《《钢结构设计原理》在线作业二满分答案

天大2020年春季考试《钢结构设计原理》在线作业二.doc

1.钢结构规范对梁塑性设计时截面塑性发展区高度限制为（）A.截面形成塑性铰B.梁高的1/3C.梁高的1/4~1/8截面边缘处应力达到fy【参考答案】: A2.A.AB.BC.CD.D【参考答案】: A3.A.AB.BC.CD.D【参考答案】: C4.当梁上有固定较大集中荷载作用时，其作用点处应（）A.设置纵向加劲肋B.设置横向加劲肋C.减少腹板宽度D.增加翼缘厚度【参考答案】: B5.直角角螺缝的有效厚度hl=（）A.0.7hfB.4mmC.1.2hfD.1.5hf【参考答案】: A6.A.AB.BC.CD.D【参考答案】: D7.格构式轴心受压柱整体稳定计算时，用换算长细比λox代替λx，这是考虑（）A.格构柱弯曲变形的影响B.格构柱剪切变形的影响C.缀材弯曲变形的影响D.缀材剪切变形的影响【参考答案】: B8.确定双肢格构式柱的二肢间距是根据（）A.格构柱所受的最大剪力VmaxB.绕虚轴和绕实轴两个方向的等稳定条件 C.单位剪切角 D.单肢稳定条件【参考答案】: B9.对于承受均布荷载作用的热轧H型钢梁，应计算( )A.抗弯强度、腹板折算应力、整体稳定和局部稳定B.抗弯强度、抗剪强度、整体稳定和局部稳定C.抗弯强度、腹板上边缘局部承压和整体稳定D.抗弯强度、抗剪强度、整体稳定和容许挠度。

【参考答案】: D10.屋架的支座斜杆在平面内的计算长度取（）A.杆件的几何长度B.杆件几何长度的0.8倍C.杆件几何长度的0.9倍 D.侧向不动点的距离【参考答案】: A11.A.AB.BC.CD.D【参考答案】: C12.等理想轴心压杆的临界应力σcr＞fp（比例极限）时，因（），应采用切线模量理论。

A.杆件的应力太大B.杆件的刚度太小C.钢材进入弹塑性阶段D.杆件长细比太大【参考答案】: C13.当钢梁的整体稳定系数φb＞0.6时，则必须（）进行整体稳定验算A.以相应的φb‘代替φbB.增大梁的截面尺寸C.减小梁的高度D.增设梁的侧向支点【参考答案】: A14.当钢材具有较好的塑性时，焊接残余应力（）A.降低结构的静力强度B.提高接哦故的静力强度C.不影响结构的静力强度D.与外力引起的应力同号，将降低结构的静力强度【参考答案】: C15.单个普通螺栓传递剪力时的设计承载能力由（）确定A.单个螺栓抗剪设计承载力B.单个螺栓承压设计承载力C.单个螺栓抗剪和承压设计承载力中较小者D.单个螺栓抗剪和承压设计承载力中较大者【参考答案】: C16.普通轴心受压钢构件的承载力经常取决于（）A.扭转屈曲B.强度C.弯曲屈曲D.弯扭屈曲【参考答案】: C17.实腹式偏心受压构件在弯矩作用平面内整体稳定验算公式中的rx主要是考虑（）A.截面塑性发展对承载力的影响B.残余应力的影响C.初偏心的影响 D.初弯曲的影响【参考答案】: A18.（）对提高工字形截面的整体稳定性作用最小A.增加腹板厚度B.约束梁端扭转C.设置平面外支承D.加宽梁翼缘【参考答案】: A19.双轴对称工字形截面简支梁，跨中有一向下集中荷载作用于腹板平面内，作用点位于（）时整体稳定性最好A.形心B.下翼缘C.上翼缘D.形心与上翼缘之间【参考答案】: B20.为了提高梁的整体稳定性，（）是最经济有效的办法。

天大17秋《《钢结构设计原理》在线作业一满分答案

《钢结构设计原理》在线作业一试卷总分:100 得分:100一、单选题(共40 道试题,共100 分)1. 钢材的冲击韧性AKV值代表钢材的（）A. 韧性性能B. 强度性能C. 塑性性能D. 冷加工性能满分：2.5 分正确答案:A2. 钢材的设计强度根据（）确定A. 比例极限B. 弹性极限C. 屈服点D. 极限强度满分：2.5 分正确答案:C3. 保证焊接组合工字形截面轴心受压柱翼缘板局部稳定的宽厚比限值条件，是根据矩形板单向均匀受压时下列哪种边界条件确定的?（）A. 两边简支、一边自由、一边弹性嵌固B. 两边简支、一边自由、一边嵌固C. 三边简支、一边自由D. 两边简支、一边弹性嵌固满分：2.5 分正确答案:C4. 每个受剪拉作用的摩擦型高强度螺栓所受的拉力应低于其预拉力的（）A. 1.0倍B. 0.5倍C. 0.8倍D. 0.7倍满分：2.5 分正确答案:C5. 采用螺栓连接时，栓杆发生剪断破坏，是因为（）A. 栓杆较细B. 钢板较薄C. 截面削弱过多D. 间距或栓间距太小满分：2.5 分正确答案:A6. 在钢结构的构件设计中，认为钢材的屈服点是构件可以达到的（）A. 最大应力B. 设计应力C. 疲劳应力D. 稳定临界应力满分：2.5 分正确答案:A7. 斜角焊缝主要用于（）A. 钢板梁B. 角钢桁架C. 钢管结构D. 薄壁型钢结构满分：2.5 分正确答案:C8. 双轴对称工字型截面简支梁，跨中有集中荷载作用于腹板平面内，作用点位于（）时整体稳定性最差。

A. 形心B. 下翼缘C. 上翼缘D. 形心与上翼缘之间满分：2.5 分正确答案:C9. 等肢角钢与钢板相连接时，肢背焊缝的内力分配系数为（）A. 0.7B. 0.75C. 0.65D. 0.35满分：2.5 分正确答案:A10. 当沿受力方向的连接长度l1>15d0时(d0为孔径)，螺栓的抗剪和承压承载力设计值应予以降低，以防止（）A. 中部螺栓提前破坏B. 螺栓连接的变形过大C. 螺栓受弯破坏D. 端部螺栓提前破坏满分：2.5 分正确答案:D11. 规范对钢材的分组时根据钢材的（）确定的A. 钢种B. 钢号C. 横截面积的大小D. 厚度与直径满分：2.5 分正确答案:D12. 进行疲劳验算时，计算部分的设计应力幅应按（）A. 标准荷载计算B. 设计荷载计算C. 考虑动力系数的标准荷载计算D. 考虑动力系数的设计荷载计算满分：2.5 分正确答案:A13. 采用螺栓连接时，构件发生冲剪破坏，是因为（）A. 栓杆较细B. 钢板较薄C. 截面削弱过多D. 间距或栓间距太小满分：2.5 分正确答案:D14. 摩擦型高强度螺栓连接与承压型高强度螺栓连接的主要区别是（）A. 摩擦面处理不同B. 材料不同C. 预拉力不同D. 设计计算不同满分：2.5 分正确答案:D15. 梁承受固定集中荷载作用，当局部压应力不满足要求时，采用( )是较合理的措施。

《钢结构原理与设计第二版》章课后答案详解

4.1解：kN N N N QK Q GK G 420315324.1315312.1=⨯⨯+⨯⨯=+=γγ焊缝质量为三级，用引弧板施焊。

查表得E43焊条的2/185mm N f W t =，Q235钢的2/215mm N f =。

mm bf N t W t 35.11185200104203=⨯⨯=≥ 故取mm t 12=。

4.2解：k k k Q K Q G K G N N N N N N 36.18.04.12.02.1=⨯+⨯=+=γγ焊缝质量为二级，2/215mm N f W t =未用引弧板施焊mm l W 376122400=⨯-=tl Nf W W t =，k W W t N t l f N 36.1== kN t l f N W W t k 3.71336.11237621536.1=⨯⨯==4.4解： 1）焊脚尺寸f h背部尺寸⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=⨯=≤=⨯=≥mmt h mmt h f f 6.982.12.174.4105.15.1min 1max 1趾部尺寸()()⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=-=-≤=⨯=≥mmt h mmt h f f 7~62~182~174.4105.15.1min 2max 2 为方便备料，取mm h h h f f f 621===，满足上述要求。

2）轴心力N 的设计值kN N N N Q K Q G K G 4.2481809.04.11801.02.1=⨯⨯+⨯⨯=+=γγ按角钢背与趾部侧面角焊缝内力分配系数可知:等边角钢内力分配系数3.01=be 7.02=b e对角钢趾部取力矩平衡得: 21Ne b N =kN N N be N 52.744.2483.03.021=⨯===kN N N N N 88.1734.2487.07.012=⨯==-=3)焊缝长度。

当构件截面为一只角钢时，考虑角钢与节点板单面连接所引起的偏心影响， W t f 应乘以折减系数0.85。

钢结构设计原理(答案)

一、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1、钢材的两种破坏形式分别为脆性破坏和。

2、焊接的连接形式按构件的相对位置分为、搭接、角接和T 形连接。

3、钢结构中轴心受力构件的应用十分广泛，其中轴心受拉构件需进行钢结构强度和的验算。

4、轴心受压构件整体屈曲失稳的形式有、和。

5、梁整体稳定判别式11l b 中，1l 是 1b 。

6、静力荷载作用下，若内力沿侧面角焊缝没有均匀分布，那么侧面角焊缝的计算长度不宜大于。

7、当组合梁腹板高厚比0w h t ≤ 时，对一般梁可不配置加劲肋。

二、单项选择题（每题2分，共40分）1、有两个材料分别为Q235和Q345钢的构件需焊接，采用手工电弧焊，采用E43焊条。

(A)不得 (B)可以 (C)不宜 (D)必须2、工字形轴心受压构件，翼缘的局部稳定条件为yf t b 235)1.010(1λ+≤，其中λ的含义为。

(A)构件最大长细比，且不小于30、不大于100 (B)构件最小长细比(C)最大长细比与最小长细比的平均值 (D)30或1003、偏心压杆在弯矩作用平面内的整体稳定计算公式x 1(10.8')mx x x x Ex M f A W N N βN ϕγ+≤-中，其中，1x W 代表。

(A)受压较大纤维的净截面抵抗矩(B)受压较小纤维的净截面抵抗矩 (C)受压较大纤维的毛截面抵抗矩 (D)受压较小纤维的毛截面抵抗矩4、承重结构用钢材应保证的基本力学性能内容应是。

(A)抗拉强度、伸长率 (B)抗拉强度、屈服强度、冷弯性能(C)抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率 (D)屈服强度、伸长率、冷弯性能5、随着钢材厚度的增加，下列说法正确的是。

(A)钢材的抗拉、抗压、抗弯、抗剪强度均下降(B)钢材的抗拉、抗压、抗弯、抗剪强度均有所提高(C)钢材的抗拉、抗压、抗弯强度提高，而抗剪强度下降(D)视钢号而定6、在低温工作(-20ºC)的钢结构选择钢材除强度、塑性、冷弯性能指标外，还需要的指标是。

钢结构设计原理(答案)

一、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1、钢材的两种破坏形式分别为脆性破坏和。

2、焊接的连接形式按构件的相对位置分为、搭接、角接和T 形连接。

3、钢结构中轴心受力构件的应用十分广泛，其中轴心受拉构件需进行钢结构强度和的验算。

4、轴心受压构件整体屈曲失稳的形式有、和。

5、梁整体稳定判别式11l b 中，1l 是 1b 。

6、静力荷载作用下，若内力沿侧面角焊缝没有均匀分布，那么侧面角焊缝的计算长度不宜大于。

7、当组合梁腹板高厚比0w h t ≤ 时，对一般梁可不配置加劲肋.二、单项选择题（每题2分，共40分）1、有两个材料分别为Q235和Q345钢的构件需焊接，采用手工电弧焊，采用E43焊条。

（A ）不得 (B ）可以 (C ）不宜（D ）必须2、工字形轴心受压构件,翼缘的局部稳定条件为yf t b 235)1.010(1λ+≤,其中λ的含义为。

（A)构件最大长细比，且不小于30、不大于100 (B)构件最小长细比(C ）最大长细比与最小长细比的平均值（D)30或1003、偏心压杆在弯矩作用平面内的整体稳定计算公式x 1(10.8')mx x x x Ex M f A W N N βN ϕγ+≤-中，其中,1x W 代表 . （A ）受压较大纤维的净截面抵抗矩（B)受压较小纤维的净截面抵抗矩（C ）受压较大纤维的毛截面抵抗矩（D ）受压较小纤维的毛截面抵抗矩4、承重结构用钢材应保证的基本力学性能内容应是 .（A ）抗拉强度、伸长率 (B)抗拉强度、屈服强度、冷弯性能（C)抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率（D ）屈服强度、伸长率、冷弯性能5、随着钢材厚度的增加，下列说法正确的是。

(A)钢材的抗拉、抗压、抗弯、抗剪强度均下降(B)钢材的抗拉、抗压、抗弯、抗剪强度均有所提高(C)钢材的抗拉、抗压、抗弯强度提高，而抗剪强度下降（D)视钢号而定6、在低温工作（—20ºC)的钢结构选择钢材除强度、塑性、冷弯性能指标外，还需要的指标是 .（A ）低温屈服强度（B ）低温抗拉强度 (C ）低温冲击韧性（D ）疲劳强度7、直角角焊缝的有效厚度e h 的取值为 .（A ）0.7f h （B)4mm (C ）1.2f h （D ） 1。

钢结构设计原理作业答案

钢结构设计原理(专升本)阶段性作业1总分：100分得分：0分一、单选题1. 最易产生脆性破坏的应力状态是_____ 。

(4分)(A) 单向压应力状态(B) 三向拉应力状态参考答案：B2. 承重结构用钢材应保证的基本力学性能内容应是_____ 。

(4分)(C) 抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率参考答案：C3. 随着钢材厚度的增加，下列说法正确的是_____ 。

(4分)(A) 钢材的抗拉、抗压、抗弯、抗剪强度均下降参考答案：A4. 以下关于应力集中的说法中正确的是_____ 。

(4分)(B) 应力集中产生同号应力场，使塑性变形受到限制参考答案：B5. 大跨度结构应优先选用钢材，其主要原因是_____ 。

(4分)(D) 钢材的重量与强度之比小于混凝土等其他材料。

参考答案：D6. 常幅疲劳容许应力幅［△］，与系数c和β有关的是_____ 。

(4分)(D) 构件和连接构造类别参考答案：D7. 钢结构连接中所使用的焊条应与被连接构件的强度相匹配，通常在被连接构件选用Q345时，焊条选用_____ 。

(4分)(B) E50参考答案：B8. 钢材经历了应变硬化(应变强化)之后_____ 。

(4分)(A) 强度提高参考答案：A9. 钢材的强度指标是_____ 。

(4分)(C) 屈服点参考答案：C10. 钢材中硫的含量超过限值时，钢材可能会出现_____ 。

(4分)(B) 热脆参考答案：B11. 在构件发生断裂破坏前，无明显先兆的情况是_____的典型特征。

(4分)(A) 脆性破坏参考答案：A12. 钢结构用钢的含碳量一般不大于_____ 。

(4分)(C) 0.22%参考答案：C13. 钢结构具有良好的抗震性能是因为_____。

(4分)(C) 钢材良好的吸能能力和延性参考答案：C二、填空题(2). 参考答案: 设计值2. 钢结构中采用的各种板材和型钢，都是经过多次辊扎形成的，薄钢板的屈服点比厚钢板的屈服点___(3)___ 。

钢结构设计原理作业参考答案精选.

按构造要求确定焊角高h f 为h fmin =1.5t =1.5⨯10=4.74mm mm t h fmsx 77.51==,取h f =6mm取盖板截面为260⨯6mm 2,则端缝承载力为 w t f e f B h b N ⨯⨯⨯=21 查表1－4得fwt =160 N/mm2则 kN N 8.42631616022.167.026021=⨯⨯⨯⨯⨯= 接缝一侧一条焊缝需要长度()mm f h N N L wt f W 57516067.0410975.40955057.0431=+⨯⨯⨯⨯-=+⨯⨯⨯-=取L W =60mm.则盖板全长为： mm L L W 130********=+⨯=+⨯=3-3．图3-73所示焊接工形截面梁，在腹板上设置一条工厂对接焊缝，梁拼接处承受内力为m kN M ⋅=2500，钢材为Q235钢，焊条为E43型，手工焊，二级质量标准，试验算拼接焊缝强度。

（提示：剪力V 可假定全部由腹板承担，弯矩按刚度比分配，即M II M ww =）解：查得2/215mm N f w t =，2/215mm N f w c =，2/125mm N f w v = 计算焊缝截面特征值()4237393605953601440006124021200.1121cm I =+=⨯⨯⨯+⨯⨯= 431440001200.1121cm I w =⨯⨯=21201120cm A w =⨯=验算正应力m kN M I I M w w ⋅=⨯==9.48673936014400025002246/215/9.202600/10144000109.486mm N mm N W M w w w <=⨯⨯==σ满足验算剪应力2223/125/7.411012010500mm N mm N A V w w <=⨯⨯==τ满足验算折算应力222222/2362151.1/4.2157.4139.2023mm N mm N w w =⨯<=⨯+=+τσ满足要求3-4．图3-74所示一柱间支撑与柱的连接节点，支撑杆承受轴拉力设计值kN N 300=，用2L80×6角钢做成，钢材均为Q235钢，焊条为E43型，手工焊。

钢结构原理与设计课后答案

钢结构原理与设计课后答案1. What are the advantages of steel structures?Steel structures have several advantages over other construction materials, including:- High strength: Steel has a high strength-to-weight ratio, which means it can withstand heavy loads without being excessively bulky or thick. This allows for more efficient use of space and materials.- Durability: Steel is highly durable and has a long service life. It is resistant to corrosion, fire, and various environmental factors, making it suitable for a wide range of applications.- Flexibility: Steel structures can be easily modified, expanded, or reconfigured to meet changing needs. This flexibility allows for future adaptability and reduces the need for costly renovations or rebuilding.- Speed of construction: Steel structures can be fabricated off-site and assembled quickly on-site, reducing construction time significantly. This can lead to cost savings and faster project completion.- Sustainability: Steel is a highly sustainable material as it is recyclable and can be reused multiple times without losing its properties. Additionally, the use of steel structures can contribute to energy efficiency through integration with other sustainable technologies like solar panels.- Cost-effectiveness: Although steel structures may have higher upfront costs compared to other materials, their long-term benefits in terms of durability, maintenance, and adaptability often make them more cost-effective over the project's lifespan.2. How can steel structures be designed to resist lateral loads? Steel structures can be designed to resist lateral loads through several measures, including:- Bracing: The use of braces, such as cross-bracing or diagonal bracing, can provide stability and resistance against lateral forces. Bracing systems are typically located in the plane of the structure's walls or floors and help transfer the loads to the foundation.- Shear walls: Shear walls are vertical elements that provide resistance against lateral forces. These walls are designed to have high stiffness and strength and are typically placed at the perimeter of the structure or within the interior to create a rigid frame.- Moment-resisting frames: Moment-resisting frames are structural systems designed to resist lateral loads through moment transfer. These frames are typically used in buildings with open floor plans and consist of beams and columns that are capable of flexing under lateral loads.- Damping systems: Damping systems, such as tuned mass dampers or fluid viscous dampers, can be incorporated into steel structures to reduce the effects of lateral forces. These systems dissipate energy and help dampen vibrations caused by earthquakes or wind loads.- Base isolation: Base isolation involves installing flexible materials or bearings between the structure and its foundation to decouple them. This helps absorb and dissipate the energy generated by lateral loads, reducing their impact on the structure.3. What are the design considerations for steel structures in seismiczones?When designing steel structures in seismic zones, several considerations need to be taken into account:- Seismic load analysis: A seismic load analysis must be performed to determine the magnitude and direction of the potential seismic forces that the structure may experience. This analysis considers factors such as the seismic zone, site conditions, and the structure's response characteristics.- Strength and ductility: The design must account for the structure's strength and ductility to ensure that it can withstand the seismic forces without collapsing. Ductility allows the structure to undergo controlled deformations without significant loss of its load-carrying capacity.- Connection design: The connections between structural elements, such as beams and columns, must be designed to have adequate strength and ductility to accommodate the expected seismic forces. Proper detailing of connections is crucial to ensure load transfer and prevent failures during earthquakes.- Redundancy: Redundancy is the provision of multiple load paths within the structure. This ensures that even if one part of the structure fails, the overall integrity is maintained. Redundancy enhances the structure's resilience against seismic forces.- Seismic isolation or energy dissipation: Incorporating seismic isolation or energy dissipation systems can help reduce the impact of seismic forces. These systems are designed to absorb and dissipate energy, thereby protecting the structure from excessive deformations and damage.- Compliance with building codes: Designing steel structures inseismic zones requires compliance with the relevant building codes and seismic design regulations. These codes establish minimum requirements for structural integrity, safety, and performance during seismic events.4. How can steel structures be designed to resist fire?To design steel structures to resist fire, the following considerations need to be made:- Fire-resistant materials: Fire-resistant materials, such as fire-resistant coatings or insulation, can be applied to the steel members to protect them from high temperatures. These materials can delay or prevent the onset of structural failure and maintain the integrity of the steel structure during a fire.- Fire-resistant design: The dimensions and configuration of the steel members should be designed to minimize the potential for failure in case of fire. Adequate strength, stiffness, and fire resistance must be ensured through appropriate section sizes and reinforcement.- Compartmentalization: Building compartments with fire-resistant walls and floors can help contain the spread of fire and limit its impact on the steel structure. These compartments can prevent the fire from reaching critical structural components.- Active fire protection systems: Active fire protection systems, such as sprinklers, fire alarms, and smoke detectors, should be incorporated into the steel structure's design to help detect and suppress fires. These systems can help minimize fire damage and protect occupants.- Adequate egress routes: Proper provision of fire exits and clearevacuation routes should be incorporated into the design to ensure the safe evacuation of occupants in case of fire. These routes should be designed to minimize the risk of structural collapse during emergencies.- Compliance with fire codes and regulations: Steel structures should be designed in compliance with fire codes and regulations, which provide guidelines for fire-resistant materials, evacuation requirements, fire protection systems, and overall safety standards.5. What are the common methods used for steel connection design?Steel connection design involves determining the types and configurations of connections between various steel members. The common methods used for steel connection design include:- Welded connections: Welded connections are created by joining steel members together through the melting and fusion of the steel surfaces. Various types of welds, such as fillet welds or groove welds, can be used depending on the specific requirements and load conditions. Welded connections offer high strength but may require careful detailing for stress concentration and distortion control.- Bolted connections: Bolted connections use bolts to join steel members together. The bolts, along with nuts and washers, provide the clamping force necessary to hold the members in place. Bolted connections are versatile, as they allow for easy disassembly and reassembly. They can be designed as either bearing-type connections or slip-critical connections, depending on the required load transfer mechanism.- Riveted connections: Riveted connections involve using rivets,which are permanent mechanical fasteners, to join steel members. Rivets are inserted into pre-drilled holes and then heated, causing them to expand and secure the connection. Riveted connections were commonly used in the past but have been largely replaced by welded or bolted connections due to ease of fabrication and inspection.- Moment connections: Moment connections are designed to transfer bending moments between steel members, such as beams and columns. These connections allow the transfer of forces without relying solely on shear or axial load resistance. Moment connections increase the overall structural rigidity and can provide continuous load paths, enhancing the structure's resistance to lateral loads.- Splice connections: Splice connections are used to join steel members of the same type, typically to achieve longer spans or accommodate transportation and erection constraints. These connections can be designed as bolted or welded connections, depending on the desired level of stiffness and ease of assembly. Note: The above answers are provided for reference purposes and should be used as a guideline. It is important to consult relevant textbooks, materials, and experts for accurate and comprehensive information on steel structure principles and design.。

钢结构设计原理答案

一、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1、钢材的两种破坏形式分别为脆性破坏和。

2、焊接的连接形式按构件的相对位置分为、搭接、角接和T 形连接。

3、钢结构中轴心受力构件的应用十分广泛，其中轴心受拉构件需进行钢结构强度和的验算。

4、轴心受压构件整体屈曲失稳的形式有、和。

5、梁整体稳定判别式11l b 中，1l 是 1b 。

6、静力荷载作用下，若内力沿侧面角焊缝没有均匀分布，那么侧面角焊缝的计算长度不宜大于。

7、当组合梁腹板高厚比0w h t ≤ 时，对一般梁可不配置加劲肋。

二、单项选择题（每题2分，共40分）1、有两个材料分别为Q235和Q345钢的构件需焊接，采用手工电弧焊，采用E43焊条。

(A)不得 (B)可以 (C)不宜 (D)必须2、工字形轴心受压构件，翼缘的局部稳定条件为y f t b 235)1.010(1λ+≤，其中λ的含义为。

(A)构件最大长细比，且不小于30、不大于100 (B)构件最小长细比(C)最大长细比与最小长细比的平均值 (D)30或1003、偏心压杆在弯矩作用平面内的整体稳定计算公式x 1(10.8')mx x x x Ex M f A W N N βN ϕγ+≤-中，其中，1x W 代表。

(A)受压较大纤维的净截面抵抗矩(B)受压较小纤维的净截面抵抗矩 (C)受压较大纤维的毛截面抵抗矩 (D)受压较小纤维的毛截面抵抗矩4、承重结构用钢材应保证的基本力学性能内容应是。

(A)抗拉强度、伸长率 (B)抗拉强度、屈服强度、冷弯性能(C)抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率 (D)屈服强度、伸长率、冷弯性能5、随着钢材厚度的增加，下列说法正确的是。

(A)钢材的抗拉、抗压、抗弯、抗剪强度均下降(B)钢材的抗拉、抗压、抗弯、抗剪强度均有所提高(C)钢材的抗拉、抗压、抗弯强度提高，而抗剪强度下降(D)视钢号而定6、在低温工作(-20ºC)的钢结构选择钢材除强度、塑性、冷弯性能指标外，还需要的指标是。

钢结构设计原理习题答案

钢结构设计原理习题答案钢结构设计原理习题答案钢结构是一种广泛应用于建筑和工程领域的结构形式，其设计原理涉及到力学、材料力学等多个学科的知识。

在学习钢结构设计原理的过程中，习题是非常重要的辅助工具，可以帮助我们巩固所学的理论知识，并提高解决实际问题的能力。

下面是一些常见的钢结构设计原理习题及其答案，供大家参考。

习题一：一个钢柱的截面尺寸为200mm×200mm，材料为Q235钢，求该钢柱的截面面积、惯性矩和抗弯强度。

答案：该钢柱的截面面积为200mm×200mm=40000mm²，惯性矩为(200mm×200mm³)/12=1333333.33mm⁴。

根据钢材的抗弯强度公式：抗弯强度 = 弯矩 / (截面面积× 弯矩系数)，其中弯矩系数为1.5，假设该钢柱所受的弯矩为1000kN·m，则该钢柱的抗弯强度为1000kN·m / (40000mm² × 1.5) =16.67kN/mm²。

习题二：一个钢梁的跨度为10m，截面尺寸为300mm×500mm，材料为Q345钢，求该钢梁的自重。

答案：该钢梁的自重可以通过计算其体积和密度来求得。

首先，计算该钢梁的体积：体积 = 跨度× 截面面积= 10m × (300mm × 500mm) = 15000000mm³。

然后，根据Q345钢的密度为7850kg/m³，将体积转换为m³：体积 = 15000000mm³ / (1000mm/m)³ = 0.015m³。

最后，计算该钢梁的自重：自重 =体积× 密度= 0.015m³ × 7850kg/m³ = 117.75kg。

习题三：一个钢桁架的跨度为20m，截面尺寸为400mm×600mm，材料为Q235钢，求该钢桁架的最大荷载。

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