甲醇回收塔设计

题目： DN400甲醇回收塔设计 i

摘 要 甲醇作为重要的基本有机化工原料之一 ,在世界经济中起着十分重要的作用。随着世界能源的日趋紧缺 ,甲醇又逐步发展成为重要的能源替代品 ,以甲醇为原料合成二甲醚、 烯烃等化工产业也得到了迅速的发展。甲醇回收塔是针对工厂废液等的进行甲醇提纯回收，不仅能更有效的保护环境，还能回收有用产品，节约能源，是一件大有裨益的事。 本次设计的甲醇回收装置采用的是填料塔结构，主要内容可分为四个部分：第一部分为概述，主要阐述了塔的设计背景，基本知识及原始数据；第二部分为塔的工艺计算，主要对其进行物料衡算、热量衡算以及理论塔板数的确定等；第三部分为塔的结构设计，对塔的各零部件尺寸，总体结构进行设计；第四部分为强度计算，根据已有数据，对塔在一些不同环境下的强度计算。另外，采用AutoCAD软件绘制了总装配图和部分零件图等施工图。

关键词：甲醇回收塔；填料；工艺计算；结构设计；强度

The design of DN400 methanol recovery tower College of Mechanical Engineering ,Zhejiang University of Technology ii

Abstract Methanol as one of the important basic organic chemical raw materials, plays an important role in the world economy. As the world's energy becomes more scarce, methanol developed into important energy alternatives gradually , chemical industry used methanol as raw materials for the synthesis of dimethyl ether, olefins and so on, has also been a rapid development. The methanol recovery column purification for factory waste to have a methanol recovery, not only can give more effective protection to the environment, but also can recover useful products, energy conservation, it is a great benefit. The design of methanol recovery is packed tower structure. The main contant can be divided into four parts. The first part is a overview about the designing background of tower, basic information and original data; The second part is parameter calculation on material, heat, the number of theoretical tray etc.; The third part is about the construction of column which mainly including the size of different components and the whole size of tower construction; The fourth part involves testifying the strength of each part.In addition, draw with AutoCAD, including the assembly drawing and several component drawings, just intending to add integrity on this whole task.

Keyword: methanol recovery tower; filler; calculation of parameter; constructional design; intensity

目录 摘 要 ....................................................................................................................................... i

Abstract ........................................................................................................................................ii

第一章 概述 ................................................................................................................................. 1

1.1前言......................................................... 1 iii

1.2甲醇回收塔的设计背景......................................... 1 1.3回收塔主要工艺流程........................................... 2 1.4基础数据及设计内容........................................... 2 第二章 精馏塔工艺计算 ........................................................................................................... 4

2.1精馏塔的物料衡算............................................. 4 2.2理论塔板数................................................... 5 2.3实际塔板数................................................... 7 2.4精馏塔的工艺条件及物性数据................................... 9 2.5热量衡算.................................................... 13 2.6填料........................................................ 16 第三章 精馏塔的结构设计 .................................................................................................... 19

3.1附属设备及主要附件.......................................... 20 3.2塔内件设计.................................................. 20 3.3筒体连接法兰................................................ 24 3.4塔管径的计算及其法兰的选择.................................. 26 3.5手孔........................................................ 30 3.6裙座........................................................ 34 第四章 精馏塔的强度计算 .................................................................................................... 37

4.1厚度计算.................................................... 37 4.2开孔补强.................................................... 38 4.3自振周期.................................................... 40 4.4风载荷及地震载荷............................................ 44 4.5应力校核.................................................... 50 4.6裙座的机械设计.............................................. 52 第五章 结论 ................................................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。

参考文献 ...................................................................................................................................... 60

致 谢 ............................................................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。