英语国家文化与概况考试

期末考试题型及范围

Part I True or False (10%) 来自整本书课后习题

Part II M ultiple Choice (10%)来自整本书课后习题

Part II I Reading Comprehension (30%) 课外

Part IV Vocabulary (20%) 来自课本英国部分和美国部分

Part V Explanations (10%) 十选二

Give explanation to the following terms.

1．Anglo-Saxons

A Germanic people from Europe who went to England between the 5th and 6th centuries. These people settled in England and drove the native Celtic people to the mountainous areas of Wales and Scotland. Their language became the official language of the country.

2. The House of Commons

The House of Commons, though often referred to as the Lower House, is the center of parliamentary power. It is usually composed of 650 Members of Parliament, known as “MPs”who represent the 650 constituencies.

3. The Bill of Rights of 1689

The Bill of Rights is an Act of the Parliament of England passed on 16 December 1689. It was a restatement in statutory form of the Declaration of Right presented by the Convention Parliament to William and Mary in March 1689, inviting them to become joint sovereigns of England. It lays down limits on the powers of the crown and sets out the rights of Parliament and rules for freedom of speech in Parliament, the requirement for regular elections to Parliament and the right to petition the monarch without fear of retribution.

4. the Cabinet of the UK

The Cabinet is at the center of the British political system. It is the

supreme decision-making body in the British government. The Cabinet meets on a regular basis, usually weekly on Thursday mornings at 10 Downing Street, to discuss the most important issues of government policy. As the Prime Minister is also the head of the majority party in parliament, the Prime Minster and the Cabinet can usually influence the legislation.

5. Constitutional Monarchy

Constitutional monarchy is a form of democratic government in which a monarch acts as a nonpolitical head of state within the boundaries of a constitution, whether written or unwritten. While the monarch may hold formal reserve powers and government may officially take place in the monarch's name, they do not set public policy or choose political leaders.

6. The New Deal

The New Deal was a series of domestic programs enacted in the United States between 1933 and 1936, and a few that came later. They included both laws passed by Congress as well as presidential executive orders during the first term (1933–37) of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The programs were in response to the Great Depression, and focused on what historians call the "3 Rs": Relief, Recovery, and Reform. That is Relief for the unemployed and poor; Recovery of the economy to normal levels; and Reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression.

7. the Civil Rights Act of 1964

The Civil Rights Act of 1964is a landmark piece of civil rights legislation in the United States that outlawed discrimination based on race,

color, religion, sex, or national origin. It ended unequal application of voter registration requirements and racial segregation in schools, at the workplace and by facilities that served the general public (known as "public accommodations").

8. The US Federal system

9. Comprehensive schools

A comprehensive school is a state school that does not select its intake on the basis of academic achievement or aptitude. This is in contrast to the selective school system, where admission is restricted on the basis of selection criteria. The term is commonly used in relation to England and Wales, where comprehensive schools were introduced from 1965. About 90% of British pupils attend comprehensive schools.

10. the Gettysburg Address

The Gettysburg Address is a speech by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln, one of the best-known in American history. It was delivered by Lincoln during the American Civil War, on the afternoon of Thursday, November 19, 1863, at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, four and a half months after the Union armies defeated those of the Confederacy at the Battle of Gettysburg.

Part VI Questions (20%) 八选二

State your understanding of the following questions in at least 80 words for each.

1.What were the results of the Industrial Revolution in Britain?

2.What were the major causes of Britain's relative economic decline in the post-war period?

3.What are the general features of Britain's independent schools?

4. What do you think is the best way to help assimilation in a multicultural society?

5. What was the cause of the American Civil War?

6. What made the United States a powerful country by the end of World War II?

7. How is the American President voted into office? What are your ideas about the American election?

8. Cite examples to illustrate the role of government intervention in America's economic development.

英语国家社会与文化课程标准

《英美概况》教学大纲一、课程说明. 1. 课程代码：107013841 2. 课程中文名称：英美概况 3. 课程英文名称：The Society and Culture of Major English Speaking Countries — an Introduction 4. 课程总学时数：32 5. 课程学分数：2 6. 授课对象: 英语专业二年级学生 7.本课程的性质、地位和作用《英美概况》是英语专业本科的一门专业任选课。本课程以英语为媒介，比较系统地向学生阐述世界主要英语国家的社会与文化背景，如地理、历史、政治、经济、社会生活和文化传统等方面的基本知识。它是英语专业学生学习英语专业其它语言基础课和在高年级阶段学习英语文学和翻译等课程的基础。本课程的教学可以提高学生在跨文化语言运用过程中对文化差异的敏感性、宽容性和处理文化差异的灵活性，从而改善学生的跨文化语言运用能力。二、教学基本要求 1.本课程的目的、任务本课程的教学目的在于让英语专业学生了解和熟悉主要英语国家的社会与文化概貌，掌握其地理、历史、政治、经济、社会生活与文化传统等方面的基本知识，扩大知识面，丰富文化修修养，加深对英语国家语言、文化和文学的理解，提高分析判断能力。 2.本课程的教学要求本课程的基本要求是让学生掌握英美两个典型英语语言国家的历史与社会文化背景、民族特点、当前现状及发展前景。通过本课程的学习，学生除掌握有关英美两国的社会基本构成、文化传统、经济科技发展等基本知识外，同时也提高自身对英文社科类书籍的阅读能力，从而进一步提高自己的英语水平。在课程的教学过程中，教师也可适当向学生推荐一些反映英美国家文化的优

英语国家概况课程标准

英语国家概况课程标准课程代码：适用专业：商务英语一、课程概述 1．课程性质语言是文化的载体，文化是语言的基础。英语语言学习和英国国家文化相互依存、密不可分。一个优秀的英语语言学习者，若不了解该语言背后所承载的民族文化，其交际能力也会受到限制。该课程能使学生了解和掌握英美两国政治，历史，经济，社会，文化和教育等基本知识，了解英美国家社会发展、现状和影响这两个国家社会发展的因素，拓展学生的知识面，培养学生文化意识，启发学生了解西方社会，了解交际规则，增强学生的英语语言学习能力，为后续专业课程的学习打下一定的基础，进而为培养高技能应用型复合人才打下基础。 2．课程设计思路本课程在设计上围绕合作学习法—任务型教学法、比较教学法、线索梳理法、启发式等教学法。合作学习法—任务型教学法合作学习法又称协作学习，是以合作学习小组为基本形式，系统利用教学中动态因素之间的互动，促进学生的学习，以团体成绩作为评价标准，共同完成教学活动。任务型教学法是一种以任务或活动为核心单位计划组织语言教学的途径,一种强调“在做中学”的语言教学方法。合作学习法与任务型教学法结合是指教师设计学习任务，指导并帮助学生以小组为单位通过合作、协商完成学习任务的教学过程。主要采用组织演示、演讲、讨论等形式。 2）比较教学法比较教学法是在教学过程中，利用教学内容的相互联系和区别，促进学生掌握和巩固教学内容、达到教学目标的一种逻辑思维方法。例如，在学习美国的政体时，我们可以和英国政体、甚至是我国的政体进行比较，异中求同，同中求异。从而对“Parliament”、“Congress”和我国的NPC （The National People’s Congress）形成更深刻的理解。运用这种教学法不仅有利于学生掌握基本知识与技能，而且有利于提高学生的创造性思维能力。3）线索梳理法线索梳理法，尤其是历史年代轴线表示法是表达历史线索最清晰的一种方式，这种方式的特点是易于梳理，可操作性强，非常直接，便于记忆。比如说，英国历史很长，如果不进行梳理，很难记忆，如果整理成一条线索，效果却不能同日而语： Early settlers——Roman invasions——Anglo-Saxons——the Viking and Danish Invasions——the Norman Conquest——William’s Rule——the Great Charter——the Hundred Year’s War——the English Reformation——the English Renaissance——the Civil War——the Glorious Revolution——the Industrial Revolution——the two World Wars 同样，美国历史部分可整理成这样一条线索： The war of Independence——the War of 1812——territorial expansion and Westward Movement——the Civil War——the two World Wars——the Cold War——the Berlin Blockade——the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s——the Vietnam War 二、课程培养目标 1．知识目标了解主要英语国家的地理，历史，经济和政治等方面的概况；了解主要英语国家的文化传统，风俗习惯和社会生活的其他有关情况。 2．技能目标扩大知识面，有效弥补英语专业学生知识面窄的不足；提高英语阅读的能力和语言应用能力。 3．素质目标

【优质】英语国家概况试卷1及答案

I. Choose the correct answer from the options given: （20 points, 1 point each） 1. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London ? A. The cultural centre. B. The business centre. C. The financial centre. D. The sports centre. 2. Which of the following is NOT true about the characteristics of Britain ? A. Economic differences between north and south. B. Differences of social systems between Scotland and Wales. C. Class differences between a white-collar worker and a blue-collar worker. D. Cultural differences between immigrants and the British. 3. In 1969, the first British soldiers were seen on Northern Ireland Street They came first _______. A. to maintain traffic order in Northern Ireland B. to protect the Catholic people C. to protect the Protestant people D. to replace the Royal Ulster Constabulary since they were unable to keep social Order 4. In the early 1970s, the IRA _________. A. killed many Protestants and Catholics B. burned down the houses of Catholics’ C. murdered individuals at random D. carried out a series of bombing and shooting and attacked the security forces as their main target 5. Why did the British government decide to replace the Power-Sharing policy with “direct-rule” from London ? A. The Power-Sharing policy was not accepted by the majority of Protestants. B. The Northern Irish Parliament could not govern the province effectively. C. The Power-Sharing policy couldn’t be carried out. D. All the above.

英语国家概况试卷

内蒙古广播电视大学2010-2011学年度第二学期《英语国家概况1》期末试题 ⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points) 1.The following were the founding fathers of the AmericanRepublic except _____. A Thomas Jefferson B George Washington C William Penn D Benjamin Franklin 2.Which of the following statement was NOT correct? When the War of Independence was over, _____. A each new state had its own government B each new state made its own laws and handled all of its internal affairs C the national government was called the Congress with little power D the relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined 3.Service industry does not include ____. A banking B management consultation C airline D steelmaking 4.Three of the following authors were Nobel Prize winner except _____. A Ernest Hemingway B Eugene O’Neill C William Faulkner D F. Scott Fitzgerald 5. ____ invented the telephone. A Samuel R.B. Morse B Alexander Graham Bell C Thomas Alva Edison D Reginald Fessenden 6.The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ____. A The Appalachian Mountains B The Rocky Mountains C The Green Mountains D TheBlue Ridge Mountains 7.Both public and private universities in the U.S. depend on the following sources of income except____. A investment B student tuition C endowments D government funding 8.____ was NOT written by Hemingway? A Light in August B The Sun Also Rises C A farewell to Arms D For Whom the Bell Tolls 9.In the United States school system, which of the following divisions is true? A Elementary school, grammar school B Elementary school, junior high school C Elementary school, secondary school D junior high school, senior high school 10.Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime? A bribery B tax evasion C false advertising D robbery 11.Which of the following was written by Thoreau? A Nature B Walden C The Scarlet Letter D The Fall of the House Usher 密封线内不要写参考内容《英语国家概况1》第1页共6页《英语国家概况1》第2页共6页

英语国家文化简答

"British history has been a history of invasion". Please illustrate this point with the ●British history has been a history of invasions. Before the first century AD Britain was made up of many tribal kingdoms of Celtic people: a powerful culture originating in central Europe. Then in 43AD Britain was invaded by the Roman empire, and England and Wales (though not Scotland or Ireland) became a part of the Roman empire for nearly 400 years.Two more groups of invaders were to come after the English: from the late 8th century on, raiders from Scandinavia, the ferocious Vikings, threatened Britain's shores…. ●Key points: What are some of the factors in Irish and English history that affect the situation in ●Along with the political campaign for home-rule there were groups who followed a more direct method of pursuing Irish independence, engaging in guerilla or terrorist activities against British institutions and the British military forces. During the First World War and immediately after, this activity increased, sometimes brutally suppressed by British forces. ● 1.The Celts originally lived on Scotland, they kept their own culture and language—the Gealic. 2.Around the AD 6th C, people from Northern Ireland invaded the South-west --- the lowland zone. They were called Scots and gave the modern country of Scotland its name. 3.The Scottish people have a strong sense of nationality and desire for cultural independence. They observed some old customs and tradition, like the Highland tradition. Today, bagpipe, and tartan are considered as the

英语国家概况社会文化入门简答题上册答案

u n i t7 1 (1)What are the purposes of the British education system (2)Please comment on these purposes. (3)What are the main purposes of the Chinese education system (4)Are there any differences or similarities in the education of the two nations 答：(1)The purpose of the British education system is to teach children practical skills and socialize them. (2)Children learn practical skills, and the rules and values they need to become good citizens, to participate in the community, and to contribute to the economic prosperity of an advanced industrial economy. (3)The purpose of the Chinese education is to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills they will need to become active members of society. (4) In china, people think school is just about teaching children what are often called” the three R’s---“reading, writing and ‘arithmetic”(reading, writing and arithmetic). 2. How does the British education reflect social class British education reflect the deeper divisions in British society in which social class is still very important: class inequality can be erased or continued according to education policy. What’s more, the enduring feature of British education is the continuing debate over how “equal” educational opportunity should be. In British, the accent you speak with, the clothes you wear, and the schools you attend are all markers that identify your social class. The school (or college)tie is a clear marker of social class. Even on informal occasions you will sometimes see men wearing their school ties as belts to hold up their trousers –proudly displaying their attendance at a certain school. In Britain, where you are educated is very important to you future. 3 what are the major changes that have taken place since World war 2 Is British education moving towards more progress or more equality Pick up some examples from the text to illustrate your points. Other major changes to the British education system were caused by world war Ⅱ。This time, the new system would emphasize equality. The result was the 1944 Education Act which made entry to secondary schools and universities”meritocratic”. Children would be abilities they displayed. All children were given the right to a free secondary education and the main concern was to make sure more children had access to a good education. In the 1960s,comprehensive schools were introduced all over the country, which ended the division between grammar schools----where the most academically capable pupils were sent to be prepared for university----and vocational school where less successful pupils were sent to learn allowed to let children "compete" for places. 4. Why does the author say that universities in Britain have been rather elitist 答：Most students were from the middle classes, attended good schools, performed well in their A-levels and received a fully-funded place in a university. In recent years, great efforts have been made to increase the numbers of and kinds of people that pursue higher education. Access for mature students and students without traditional A-level qualifications is widening. 5. (1) what is the Open University in Britain (2)What do you think of this system (1)The Open University offers a non-traditional route for people to take university level courses and receive a university degree. People can follow university courses through textbooks, TV and radio broadcasts, correspondence, videos, residential schools and a network of study centre. (2)It was the Open University which provided the inspiration for the founding of China’s TV and Radio University. Unit 8 British Foreign Relations 1.What and how did the British empire end How did the British react to this reality How did the end of British imperialism influence the psychology of the British and the making of Britain's foreign policy (1) The end of the great British empire was surprisingly rapid. In 1946, Jordan, in the Middle East, was granted independence. The following year, India and Pakistan followed suit. In 1948, Burma and Ceylon

英语国家社会与文化入门期末考试复习资料

英语国家社会与文化入门期末考试复习资料 D. They represented the aristocrats as well as the communities. 英语国家社会与文化入门期末考试复习资料 8. Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed? Test paper 1 A. James II B. William of Orange C. Oliver Cromwell D. George I 1. Tick the correct answer in each of the following: 9. Which of the following is NOT true about the Constitution? 1. Which is the largest city in Scotland? A. It is a document which lists out the basic principles for government. A. Cardiff B. Edinburgh C. Glasgow D. Manchester B. It is the foundation of British government today. 2. Why did the Scottish Kings decide to form an independent singular Scottish state in the C. Conventions and Laws passed by Parliament are part of the Constitution. ninth century? D. The common laws are part of the Constitution. A. They needed a unified independent nation to fight against Viking raids. 10. How many seats in the House of Commons should a party hold at least in order to win B. They felt it necessary to develop their own industry. the election? C. They were threatened by the Anglo-Saxons' invasion. A. 651 B. 326 C. 626 D. 351 D. They had to do it in order to resist the English. 11. Which of the following party adopts a "fatherly" sense of obligation to the

英语国家概况复习提纲

2011年英语国家概况复习提纲（2010级1、2、3、4班）一、考试题型 1、选择题（10%）：10个小题，每题1分。 2、判断正误题（10%）：10个小题，每题1分。 3、术语翻译（英译汉10%）：10术语，每个术语1分。 4、名词解释（20%）：5个术语，每个4分。 5、简答题（30%）：6个小题，每题5分。 6、论述题（20%）：1个小题。二、考试范围美国部分全部10章，英国部分前4章（第一至第四章）、2000年——2010年八级考试中关于英语国家概况试题。三、考试依据教材、课件PPT、历年八级考试中关于英语国家概况试题四、考试重点 1、重点翻译术语： (1) New Frontier 新边疆 (2) the Civil Rights Movement 民权运动 (3) the Great Society 伟大社会 (4) the Counterculture Movement 反主流文化运动 (5) the New Left Movement 新左派运动 (6) the Anti-War Movement 反战运动 (7) the Strategic Defence Initiative 战略防御措施 (8) the Populist Party人民党

(9) Star Wars星球大战 (10) Monroe Doctrine门罗主义 (11) Truman Doctrine 杜鲁门主义 (12) the Marshall Plan 马歇尔计划 (13) the Missile Crisis 导弹危机 (14) the House Un-American Activities Committee 众议院非美活动调查委员会 (15) WASP 白人盎格鲁—撒克逊新教徒 (16) indentured servants 契约佣工 (17) the Civil War 美国内战 (18) the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People 全国有色人种协进会 (19) model minority 模范少数族裔 (20) Indian Reservations 印第安人保留区 (21) Gold Rush淘金热 (22) Supreme Court最高法院 (23) the Court of Appeals 上诉法院 (24) the District Court地区法庭 (25) judicial review 司法复审 (26) the House of Representatives 众议院 (27) chief justice 首席大法官 (28) associate justice 大法官 (29) the Articles of Confederation 《邦联条例》 (30) winner-take-all 赢者通吃/ （美国总统选举中）胜者获得所有选举人选票

英语国家概况(社会与文化入门)名词解释页码(上、下两册)

The Anglo-Saxons (P18) The aerospace industry in the UK (P80) Anglicanism (P269) The advantages of the pluralist form of government (P295) The Bill of Rights of 1689 (P48) The Bronte sisters (P100) Britain and the EU (P127) Britain and the United States (P127) The BBC (P143) The British stereotypes about the Irish (P220) The Constitution (P48) Class system in British society (P66) “The City” (P80) The Canterbury Tales (P100) Comprehensive schools (P113) The Commonwealth (P127) Cricket and “fair play” (P161) The Celts (P183) Checks and balances (P200) The Civil Service (P200) Catholicism in Australia (P268) The constitutional crisis of 1975 (P295) The Dreaming (P254) The Easter Rising (P35) The electoral campaign (P66) Ethnic relations in the UK (P66) Elizabethan Drama (P100) Eisteddfod (P162) The Easter Rising of 1916 (P183) Emancipists (P282)

全国自考英语国家概况试卷试题包括答案解析.doc

??????????????????????精品自学考料推荐?????????????????? 全国 2018 年 4 月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题课程代码： 00522 全部题目用英文作答，并将答案写在答题纸的相应位置上，否则不计分。 Ⅰ. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (40 points, 1 point for each) 1.Traditional British farming involved（）, which dated back to the 5th century. A. the open field system B. the system of crop rotation C. the use of artificial fertilizer D. the use of new agricultural machinery 2.In Britain, the First Civil War was fought between the Roundheads who were the parliamentary soldiers led by （） , and the Cavaliers who were King Charles ’ s supporters. A. John Lilburne B. Oliver Cromwell C. Prince Rupert D. William Joyce 3.（） radically changed the face of London for the first time since the Great Fire nearly three centuries earlier. A. The Black Death B. The Civil War C. The First World War D. The Blitz 4.The objective of the Chartist Movement was democratic rights for all men, and it took its name form “（）” . A. The Bill of Rights B. The Agreement of the People C. the People ’ s Charter D. the Great Charter 5.Today, the Domesday Book is kept in the Public Records Office in （） . A. Cambridge B. Oxford C. London D. York 6.In Britain, thanks to the militant feminist movement of the suffragettes before the First World War, votes were granted to women over （） in 1918. A. 20 B.25 C. 30 D. 35 7.By （） Britain had built up a big empire, “ on which the sun never set” . A. 1900 B. 1910 C. 1920 D. 1930 1

英语国家社会与文化入门试卷

一、Fill in the following information gaps(20%)(1 point each) 1. In England more than ___1__ of its population living in cities ,and about 2% of the population working in agriculture, so England is a highly urbanized country . 2. In the year of ____2_____,the first permanent settlement in North America was established, in today's Virginia . 3.Ralph Waldo Emerson, a American transcendentalist, published a startling book called __3__,he claimed by studying and respecting to nature individual could reach a higher spiritual state without form religion . 4.The U.S. federal government consist of the following three branches the executive , _____4_____and the judicial. 5.One advantage of 5 over sole proprietorship and partnership is that it has limited liability, so investors risked only the amount of their investment and not their entire assets 6.The best -known stock exchange is New York Stock Exchange located in _____6_____area of New York City 7.WASP stands for _______7______. 8.The majority of the Catholics in the U.S. are descendants of immigrants from Ireland,_______8_______and Poland. 9.The Letherstocking Tales, they refer to the five novels written by9. 10.A collection of poems written by Walt Whitman , it is a ground-breaking book. That is 10 11.An jazz music ensemble of musicians consists of two sections: ________11________ and the percussion. 12. G.R.E and M.B.A. stand for Graduate Record Examination and __________12________ in U.S education. 13.In the U.S., B.A. and B.S. stand for ________13_________and Bachelor of Science in higher education. 14.The two most well known computer companies are ______14_______ and Apple in the United States. 15.Now the largest software company is _____15___________whose director is Bill Gates in the United States. 16.Two Scottish cities which have a ancient and internationally respected universities, they are Edinburgh and _______16____________. 17.The Britain, the official head of state is now ________17_______ while the real center of political life is in the House of Commons .