110kV降压变电所电气部分设计英文文献
110KV降压变电所电气部分初步课程设计_secret
前言设计是教学过程中的一个重要环节，通过设计可以巩固各课程理论知识，了解变电所设计的基本方法，了解变电所电能分配等各种实际问题，培养独立分析和解决实际工程技术问题的能力，同时对电力工业的有关政策、方针、技术规程有一定的了解，在计算绘图、编号、设计说明书等方面得到训练，为今后从事供电技术工作奠定基础。
第一章：课程设计任务一、设计题目：110KV/35KV/10KV变电所一次接线设计二、设计的原始资料1、本变电所是按系统规划，为满足地方负荷的需要而建设的终端变电所。
2、该变电所的电压等级为110/35/10kV，进出线回路数为：110kV：2 回35kV：4 回（其中1 回备用）10kV：12 回（其中三回备用）3、待设计变电所距离110kV系统变电所（可视为无限大容量系统）63.27km。
4、本地区有一总装机容量12MW的35kV出线的火电厂一座，距待设计变电所12km。
5、待设计变电站地理位置示意如下图：6、气象条件：年最低温度：－5℃，年最高温度：＋40℃，年最高日平均温度：＋32℃，地震裂度6 度以下。
7、负荷资料（1）正常运行时由110kV系统变电所M向待设计变电所N供电。
（2）35kV侧负荷：（a）35kV侧近期负荷如下表：序号用户名称用类别最大负荷（MW）1治炼厂I 5.52河西变II或Ⅲ15.5（b）在近期工程完成后，随生产发展，预计远期新增负荷6MW。
（3序号用户名称用类别最大负荷（MW）备注1机械厂Ⅲ 1.32医院I0.5有备用电源3河东变Ⅲ 2.54铁路用电I0.9有备用电源5化工厂II 2.06电机厂II 1.07水泥厂Ⅲ 1.08印染厂Ⅲ 1.29农用电Ⅲ0.5（a）近期负荷如下表：（b）远期预计尚有5MW的新增负荷注：（1）35kV及10kV负荷功率因数均取为cosΦ=0.85（2）负荷同时率：35kV：kt=0.910kV：kt=0.85（3）年最大负荷利用小时均取为T maX=3500小时／年（4）网损率取为A%=5%~8%（5）所用电计算负荷50kW，cosΦ=0.87三、设计任务1、进行负荷分析及变电所主变压器容量、台数和型号的选择。
《变电站电气设计国内外文献综述3100字》
变电站电气设计国内外文献综述1.国外研究现状为了保证电力系统的一致性，欧美中等各个国家在电力的发展上采取了一定的同一措施，例如说力求技术整合标准，统一并共同研讨制定了变电协议基本标准之一的 eiec61850标准。
通过同一个紧密相关的系统功能处理模型，使不同国家不同电厂之间能够很好的进行整合，从而统一的进行质量控制和问题监控。
国外的很多制造商和厂家在这一方面已经做出了出色的成果，他们在不同的变电设备不同的电厂间进行良好的联合，并且生产出来智能的电器仪器设备和二次设备的技术。
我们很容易看到装置是朝着智能化的方向发展的，而且将在未来的很长一段时间都以这个方向进行发展，因为厂家都在寻找适合自己的生产人员，而如何对这些设备进行整合，朝着自动化的方向进步是需要专业人才的。
我们知道一些智能的小型组合开关键和小型智能组合开关柜是小型智能化的一些较特殊的例子，那么在能够看到变电站工作的过程中，就相当于是做了一次网络自动化智能评估。
在整体的个人感受上，经济相差不大，都大大提高了电力变电站的工程技术水平。
有不少的欧美国家把目标放在了智能控制系统上，而中国是在技术和管理得到优化后，再争取能够为正常的此类程序提供服务。
欧美,日本和北美等一些发达国家，他们的电力系统都比较强劲。
除了智能化之外，大多数的变电站都已经实现了无人值守这一特点。
通过统一的调度中心进行管理，所以说当他们的电网真的发生事故的时候，调动中心就可以利用机器来做出最及时的反应和应急处置。
在故障处理和预测方面，欧美国家做的比较先进，他们已经可以通过自动化和调度中心来进行对故障的预判和处理，防范风险等各项工作使得机器能够大规模的增强了可靠性，并可以利用科学的方法进行维护。
2.国内研究现状近些年来随着我们国民经济快速稳定的健康发展,对提高电能生产质量和电力供电系统可靠性建设提出了更高要求,电力工业的快速发展必须充分适应新的发展形势才能满足我们国民经济的快速发展和经济社会的不断进步的新时代要求。
电气毕业论文设计英语文献原文+翻译.doc
标准文档外文翻译院（系）专业班级姓名学号指导教师年月日Programmable designed for electro-pneumatic systemscontrollerJohn F.WakerlyThis project deals with the study of electro-pneumatic systems and the programmable controller that provides an effective and easy way to control the sequence of the pneumatic actuators movement and the states of pneumatic system. The project of a specific controller for pneumatic applications join the study of automation design and the control processing of pneumatic systems with the electronic design based on microcontrollers to implement the resources of the controller.1. IntroductionThe automation systems that use electro-pneumatic technology are formed mainly by three kinds of elements: actuators or motors, sensors or buttons and control elements like valves. Nowadays, most of the control elements used to execute the logic of the system were substituted by the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). Sensors and switches are plugged as inputs and the direct control valves for the actuators are plugged as outputs. An internal program executes all the logic necessary to the sequence of the movements, simulates other components like counter, timer and control the status of the system.With the use of the PLC, the project wins agility, because it is possible to create and simulate the system as many times as needed. Therefore, time can be saved, risk of mistakes reduced and complexity can be increased using the same elements.A conventional PLC, that is possible to find on the market from many companies, offers many resources to control not only pneumatic systems, but all kinds of system that uses electrical components. The PLC can be very versatile and robust to be applied in many kinds of application in the industry or even security system and automation of buildings.Because of those characteristics, in some applications the PLC offers to much resources that are not even used to control the system, electro-pneumatic system is one of this kind of application. The use of PLC, especially for small size systems, can be very expensive for the automation project.An alternative in this case is to create a specific controller that can offer the exactly size and resources that the project needs [3, 4]. This can be made using microcontrollers as the base of this controller.The controller, based on microcontroller, can be very specific and adapted to only one kind of machine or it can work as a generic controller that can be programmed as a usual PLC and work with logic that can be changed. All these characteristics depend on what is needed and how much experience the designer has with developing an electronic circuit and firmware for microcontroller. But the main advantage of design the controller with the microcontroller is that the designer has the total knowledge of his controller, which makes it possible to control the size of the controller, change the complexity and the application of it. It means that the project gets more independence from other companies, but at the same time the responsibility of the control of the system stays at the designer hands2. Electro-pneumatic systemOn automation system one can find three basic components mentioned before, plus a logic circuit that controls the system. An adequate technique is needed to project the logic circuit and integrate all the necessary components to execute the sequence of movements properly.For a simple direct sequence of movement an intuitive method can be used [1, 5], but for indirect or more complex sequences the intuition can generate a very complicated circuit and signal mistakes. It is necessary to use another method that can save time of the project, makea clean circuit, can eliminate occasional signal overlapping and redundant circuits. The presented method is called step-by-step or algorithmic [1, 5], it is valid for pneumatic and electro-pneumatic systems and it was used as a base in this work.The method consists of designing the systems based on standard circuits made for each change on the state of the actuators, these changes are called steps.The first part is to design those kinds of standard circuits for each step, the next task is to link the standard circuits and the last part is to connect the control elements that receive signals from sensors, switches and the previous movements, and give the air or electricity to the supply lines of each step. In Figs. 1 and 2 the standard circuits are drawn for pneumatic and electro-pneumatic system [8]. It is possible to see the relations with the previous and the next steps.3. The method applied inside the controllerThe result of the method presented before is a sequence of movements of the actuator that is well defined by steps. It means that each change on the position of the actuators is a new state of the system and the transition between states is called step.The standard circuit described before helps the designer to define the states of the systems and to define the condition to each change betweenthe states. In the end of the design, the system is defined by a sequencethat never chances and states that have the inputs and the outputs well defined. The inputs are the condition for the transition and the outputs are the result of the transition.All the configuration of those steps stays inside of the microcontroller and is executed the same way it was designed. The sequences of strings are programmed inside the controller with 5 bytes; each string has the configuration of one step of the process. There are two bytes for the inputs, one byte for the outputs and two more for the other configurations and auxiliary functions of the step. After programming, this sequence of strings is saved inside of a non-volatile memory of the microcontroller, so they can be read and executed.The controller task is not to work in the same way as a conventional PLC, but the purpose of it is to be an example of a versatile controller that is design for an specific area. A conventional PLC process the control of the system using a cycle where it makes an image of the inputs, execute all the conditions defined by the configuration programmed inside, and then update the state of the outputs. This controller works in a different way, where it read the configuration of the step, wait the condition of inputs to be satisfied, then update the state or the outputs and after that jump to the next step and start the process again.It can generate some limitations, as the fact that this controller cannot execute, inside the program, movements that must be repeated for some time, but this problem can be solved with some external logic components. Another limitation is that the controller cannot be applied on systems that have no sequence. These limitations are a characteristic of the system that must be analyzed for each application.4. Characteristics of the controllerThe controller is based on the MICROCHIP microcontroller PIC16F877 [6,7] with 40 pins, and it has all the resources needed for thisproject .It has enough pins for all the components, serial communication implemented in circuit, EEPROM memory to save all the configuration of the system and the sequence of steps. For the execution of the main program, it offers complete resources as timers and interruptions.The list of resources of the controller was created to explore all the capacity of the microcontroller to make it as complete as possible. During the step, the program chooses how to use the resources reading the configuration string of the step. This string has two bytes for digital inputs, one used as a mask and the other one used as a value expected. One byte is used to configure the outputs value. One bytes more is used for the internal timer , the analog input or time-out. The EEPROM memory inside is 256 bytes length that is enough to save the string of the steps, with this characteristic it is possible to save between 48 steps （Table 1）.The controller (Fig.3) has also a display and some buttons that are used with an interactive menu to program the sequence of steps and other configurations.4.1. Interaction componentsFor the real application the controller must have some elements to interact with the final user and to offer a complete monitoring of the system resources that are available to the designer while creating the logic control of the pneumatic system (Fig.3):•Interactive mode of work; function available on the main program for didactic purposes, the user gives the signal to execute the step. •LCD display, which shows the status of the system, values of inputs, outputs, timer and statistics of the sequence execution.•Beep to give important alerts, stop, start and emergency.• Leds to show power on and others to show the state of inputs and outputs.4.2. SecurityTo make the final application works property, a correct configuration to execute the steps in the right way is needed, but more then that itmust offer solutions in case of bad functioning or problems in the execution of the sequence. The controller offers the possibility to configure two internal virtual circuits that work in parallel to the principal. These two circuits can be used as emergency or reset buttons and can return the system to a certain state at any time [2]. There are two inputs that work with interruption to get an immediate access to these functions. It is possible to configure the position, the buttons and the value of time-out of the system.4.3. User interfaceThe sequence of strings can be programmed using the interface elements of the controller. A Computer interface can also be used to generate the user program easily. With a good documentation the final user can use the interface to configure the strings of bytes that define the steps of the sequence. But it is possible to create a program with visual resources that works as a translator to the user, it changes his work to the values that the controller understands.To implement the communication between the computer interface and the controller a simple protocol with check sum and number of bytes is the minimum requirements to guarantee the integrity of the data.4.4. FirmwareThe main loop works by reading the strings of the steps from the EEPROM memory that has all the information about the steps.In each step, the status of the system is saved on the memory and it is shown on the display too. Depending of the user configuration, it can use the interruption to work with the emergency circuit or time-out to keep the system safety. In Fig.4,a block diagram of micro controller main program is presented.5. Example of electro-pneumatic systemThe system is not a representation of a specific machine, but it is made with some common movements and components found in a real one. The system is composed of four actuators. The actuators A, B and C are double acting and D-single acting. Actuator A advances and stays in specified position till the end of the cycle, it could work fixing an object to the next action for example (Fig. 5) , it is the first step. When A reaches the end position, actuator C starts his work together with B, making as many cycles as possible during the advancing of B. It depends on how fastactuator B is advancing; the speed is regulated by a flowing control valve. It was the second step. B and C are examples of actuators working together, while B pushes an object slowly, C repeats its work for some time.When B reaches the final position, C stops immediately its cycle and comes back to the initial position. The actuator D is a single acting one with spring return and works together with the back of C, it is the third step. D works making very fast forward and backward movement, just one time. Its backward movement is the fourth step. D could be a tool to make a hole on the object.When D reaches the initial position, A and B return too, it is the fifth step.Fig. 6 shows the first part of the designing process where all the movements of each step should be defined [2]. (A+) means that the actuator A moves to the advanced position and (A−) to the initial position. The movements that happen at the same time are joined together in the same step. The system has five steps.These two representations of the system (Figs. 5 and 6) together are enough to describe correctly all the sequence. With them is possible to design the whole control circuit with the necessary logic components. But till this time, it is not a complete system, because it is missing some auxiliary elements that are not included in this draws because they work in parallel with the main sequence.These auxiliary elements give more function to the circuit and are very important to the final application; the most important of them is the parallel circuit linked with all the others steps. That circuit should be able to stop the sequence at any time and change the state of the actuators to a specific position. This kind of circuit can be used as a reset or emergency buttons.The next Figs. 7 and 8 show the result of using the method without the controller. These pictures are the electric diagram of the control circuit of the example, including sensors, buttons and the coils of the electrical valves.The auxiliary elements are included, like the automatic/manual switcher that permit a continuous work and the two start buttons that make the operator of a machine use their two hands to start the process, reducing the risk of accidents.6. Changing the example to a user programIn the previous chapter, the electro-pneumatic circuits were presented, used to begin the study of the requires to control a system that work with steps and must offer all the functional elements to be used in a real application. But, as explained above, using a PLC or this specific controller, the control becomes easier and the complexity can be increasealso.Table 2 shows a resume of the elements that are necessary to control the presented example.With the time diagram, the step sequence and the elements of the system described in Table 2 and Figs. 5 and 6 it is possible to create the configuration of the steps that can be sent to the controller (Tables 3 and 4).While using a conventional PLC, the user should pay attention to the logic of the circuit when drawing the electric diagram on the interface (Figs. 7 and 8), using the programmable controller, described in this work, the user must know only the concept o f the method and program only the configuration of each step.It means that, with a conventional PLC, the user must draw the relationbetween the lines and the draw makes it hard to differentiate the steps of the sequence. Normally, one needs to execute a simulation on the interface to find mistakes on the logicThe new programming allows that the configuration of the steps be separated, like described by the method. The sequence is defined by itself and the steps are described only by the inputs and outputs for each step.The structure of the configuration follows the order:1-byte: features of the step;2-byte: mask for the inputs;3-byte: value expected on the inputs;4-byte: value for the outputs;5-byte: value for the extra function.Table 5 shows how the user program is saved inside the controller, this is the program that describes the control of the example shown before.The sequence can be defined by 25 bytes. These bytes can be dividedin five strings with 5 bytes each that define each step of the sequence (Figs. 9 and 10).7. ConclusionThe controller developed for this work (Fig. 11) shows that it is possible to create a very useful programmable controller based on microcontroller. External memories or external timers were not used in case to explore the resources that the microcontroller offers inside. Outside the microcontroller, there are only components to implement the outputs, inputs, analog input, display for the interface and the serial communication.Using only the internal memory, it is possible to control a pneumatic system that has a sequence with 48 steps if all the resources for all steps are used, but it is possible to reach sixty steps in the case of a simpler system.The programming of the controller does not use PLC languages, but a configuration that is simple and intuitive. With electro-pneumatic system, the programming follows the same technique that was used before to design the system, but here the designer work s directly with the states or steps of the system.With a very simple machine language the designer can define all the configuration of the step using four or five bytes. It depends only on his experience to use all the resources of the controller.The controller task is not to work in the same way as a commercial PLC but the purpose of it is to be an example of a versatile controller that is designed for a specific area. Because of that, it is not possible to say which one works better; the system made with microcontroller is an alternative that works in a simple way.应用于电气系统的可编程序控制器约翰 F.维克里此项目主要是研究电气系统以及简单有效的控制气流发动机的程序和气流系统的状态。
110KV变电所电气一次部分设计论文
. . ..毕业论文系（部）：水利水电工程系专业班级：10秋姓名：小龙学号：54目录毕业设计计算书2第一篇 110KV变电所电气一次部分设计2第一章负荷资料21.1、工程概况：21.2、气候条件2第二章变电站主变压器的选择32.1设计原则32.2主变容量与台数选择32.2.1 选择计算32.2.2.相数选择4绕组数量和连接方式的选择42.2.4 主变阻抗和调压方式选择42.2.5 容量比52.2.6 冷却方式52.2.7 电压级选择5全绝缘，半绝缘问题5. 资第三章电气主接线设计53.1电气主接线5电气主接线设计的基本要求5各电压级主接线型式选择63.2所用电设计7所用变电源数量及容量的确定73.2.2 所用电源引接方式83.3变压器中性点接地方式和中性点设计[4]83.4无功补偿设计8无功补偿的意义8无功补偿装置的容量确定8并联电容器装置的分组与接线9单台电容器容量与台数的确定9计算9第四章线路及变压器回路电流IFma*第五章短路电流计算95.1短路计算目的95.2短路电流计算的一般规定95.3短路电流的计算方法10第六章电气设备的选择与校验116.1本次设计中电器选择的主要任务11导体和绝缘子11电器设备116.2选择导体和电器的一般原则116.3 开关电器选择116.3.1 断路器型式选择116.3.2 隔离开关的选择原则126.3.3 电压互感器的选择原则12电流互感器选择原则126.4电气设备的选择12第二篇**巴楚县110kV变电所二次设计部分设计21第七章概述217.1 继电保护装置的作用[9]217.2电力系统对继电保护的基本要求[10]217.3 保护整定时应考虑的问题22选择保护配置及构成方案时的基本原则227.3.2 系统运行方式的确定227.3.3 短路点的确定22第八章**巴楚县110kV变电所保护配置方案设计238.1主变压器保护配置方案的设计23第九章变压器差动保护整定与计算239．1差动保护保护围239．2 变压器保护的整定计算[11]239．2．1确定保护的动作电流239．2．2 确定保护的二动作电流和差动线圈匝数249．2．3非基本侧工作线圈和平衡线圈匝数选择24 总结24参考文献25致25毕业设计计算书第一篇 110KV变电所电气一次部分设计第一章负荷资料1.1、工程概况：随着改革开放政策的深放，城市化发展，各工商业用电也在不断的增长。
（WORD）-电气专业中英文资料翻译----110KV供电系统继电保护作用..
110Kv power supply system relay protection function brief analysis Not only the 110Kv power supply system relay protection function brief analysis electrical power system security and the reliability relate electrical power system itself the movement, similarly relates in the power transmission scope the factories and mines, the enterprise, whether the inhabitant uses electricity normally.Because simultaneously the electrical power system has the strong connectivity, electrical power system interior any barrier all possibly affects the overall system normal operation, thus we must complete the power supply system practically the relay protection question.First, the 11OKV power supply systemGenerally speaking electrical power system including the electricity generation, changes the electricity, the electric transmission, the power distribution and uses electricity and so on five links, between five links restricted mutually, cooperates mutually has facilitated the electrical power system stability together.But in fact, because these five links not always in the identical place, the identical time complete, the electric transmission must surmount the vast area, simultaneously the electrical power system must not carry on the connection with the equipment, thus strengthened its movement environment complexity, causes electrical power system the zero failure rate to guarantee with difficulty.The 110Kv power supply system is in the entire electrical power system important constituent, it whether safe, stable, reliable movement, not only relates the system own movement quality, whether moreover relates in its power transmission scope general user normal prompt using electricity, it the economical normal development and the society is stably taking on the important energy safeguard duty to the power transmission scope in.Therefore the 110KV power supply system design and the movement management must observe national comprehensively the related standard and the standard, as well as correlation area specifically standard standard.In the 110Kv power supply system is containing a subsystems and two subsystems.Two subsystems were opposite in a subsystems are complex, violate the subsystems to include the relay protection installment, the automatic device and the secondary circuit.The relay protection installment is uses for in the power supply system to a subsystems to carry on the surveillance, the survey, the control and the protection, is composed set of special automatic devices by therelay.The reasonable relay protection installment correct establishment to guarantees the 110Kv power supply system the normal operation to have the positive function.Second, the relay protection digs reads and the related principleElectrical power system rapid development to the relay protection to propose unceasingly the new request, the electronic technology, the computer technology and the communication rapid development unceasingly has poured into the new vigor for the relay protection technology development.The relay protection is refers when in the electrical power system electric power part (for example generator, line and so on) or electrical power system itself has occurred the breakdown endangers the electrical power system safe operation, can to the attendant promptly send out the warning signal, or directly to the circuit breaker which controls sends out the trip order to terminate one kind of automated protection which these events develop, the relay protection equipment can monitor the electrical equipment the normal wo rk situation, and sends out the prompt signal differently according to the normal work situation and the equipment movement maintenance condition, in order to the attendant carries on prompt processing, either carries on the adjustment automatically by the protective device, either continues these to move possibly can cause the accident electrical equipment to excise.Response normal work situation relay protection equipment common belt certain time-lag action.The relay protection principle of work mainly has used in the electrical power system the part has when the short circuit or the unusual situation the electrical quantity (electric current, voltage, power, frequency and so on) change as well as in transformer fuel tank when breakdown occurs the massive gas and the oil stream speed increase or the flowing tubing head pressure intensity increase the higher condition.The electrical power system request provides the safekeeping of security for it to continue the electricity installment to have following performance:(1) reliability. The reliability is refers to the protection to be supposed to move time the body should act reliably.Should not when the movement should reliable not act.The reliability is to the relay protection installment performance most basic request.(2) selectivity. The selectivity is refers first by the breakdown equipment logical 'OR'circuit itself protection excision breakdown, when the breakdown equipment logical 'OR' circuit itself protection or the circuit breaker resist moves, o nly then allows by the neighboring equipment to protect, the line protection or the circuit breaker malfunction protection excision breakdown.In order to guarantee has in the coordinate request protection and the identical protection has the coordinate request two parts (for example start and trip part or block system and movement part) the selectivity to the neighboring equipment and the line, its sensitivity coefficient and the operating time, should coordinate mutually in the ordinary circumstances.(3) sensitivity. The sensitivity is refers when the equipment logical 'OR' circuit occurs by the extent of protection in the metallicity short circuit, the protective device should have the essential sensitivity coefficient, each kind of protection smallest sensitivity coefficient has the specific stipulation in the regulations.Selectivity and sensitive request, through relay protection installation realization.(4) speed. The speed is refers to the protective device to be supposed to excise the short circuit breakdown as soon as possible, its date enhances the system stability, reduces the breakdown equipment and the line damage degree, reduces the breakdown to affect the scope, enhances automatic switches on again with the emergency power supply or the emergency apparatus automatic investment effect and so on.Third, relay protection in 11OKV power supply system Chen Ai function1. The guarantee continues the electricity system the reliability is plays the relay protection installment role the premise. Continues the electricity system the reliability is plays the relay protection installment role the premise.Generally speaking the relay protection reliability mainly by the disposition reasonable, the quality and the technical performance fine relay protection installment as well as the normal movement maintenance and the management guaranteed.2. Relay protection in electrical power system safe operation function. The relay protection mainly has following two points in the electrical power system safe operation function:(1) safeguard electrical power system security.When is protected when the electrical power system part breaks down, should rapidly accurately for be separated from thebreakdown part recent circuit breaker by this part relay protection equip ment to send out the trip order, causes the breakdown part to interrupt promptly from the electrical power system, by maximum limit reduces to the electrical power system part itself damage, reduces to the electrical power system safe power supply influence, and satisfies the electrical power system certain specific requests (for example maintenance electrical power system transition condition stable and so on).（2）pair of electrical power system normal work carries on the prompt.Responded the electrical equipment the normal work situation, (whether there is and different e.g. frequent attendant) does send out the signal according to the normal work situation and the equipment movement maintenance condition, in order to the attendant carries on processing, either carries on the adjustment automatically by the equipment, either continues these to move can cause the accident electrical equipment to excise.Response normal work situation relay protection installment permission belt certain time-lag action.(3) pair of electrical power system movement carries on the monitoring.The relay protection is not merely an accident processing and the response installment, simultaneously also is monitors the electrical power system normal operation the installment.The relay protection is the electrical power system safe normal operation important safeguard, at present oneself after obtained the widespread application, along with the science and technology unceasing progress, the relay protection technology presents day by day to the microcomputer, the network, the intellectualization, protects, the control, the survey and the data communication integration development tendency.110KV供电系统继电保护作用浅析电力系统的安全性和可靠性不仅关系到电力系统本身的运行，同样关系到送电范围内的厂矿、企业、居民能否正常用电。
毕业论文(设计)-某110KV降压变电所电气一次部分初步设计
重庆水利电力职业技术学院专科生毕业论文（设计）题目：某110KV降压变电所电气一次部分初步设计系别专业学号姓名指导教师年月日摘要变电站是电力系统的重要组成部分,它直接影响整个电力系统的安全与经济运行,是联系发电厂和用户的中间环节，起着变换和分配电能的作用.电气主接线是发电厂变电所的主要环节，电气主接线的拟定直接关系着全所电气设备的选择、配电装置的布置、继电保护和自动装置的确定，是变电站电气部分投资大小的决定性因素。
为满足经济发展的需要，根据有关单位的决定修建1座110KV降压变电所.首先根据任务书上所给系统与线路及所有负荷的参数，分析负荷发展趋势。
从负荷增长方面阐明了建站的必要性，然后通过对拟建变电站的概括以及出线方向来考虑，并通过对负荷资料的分析，安全，经济及可靠性方面考虑，确定了110kV，35kV,10kV以及站用电的主接线，然后又通过负荷计算及供电范围确定了主变压器台数，容量及型号，同时也确定了站用变压器的容量及型号,最后,根据最大持续工作电流及短路计算的计算结果，对高压熔断器，隔离开关,母线，绝缘子和穿墙套管，电压互感器，电流互感器进行了选型，从而完成了110kV电气一次部分的设计。
关键词：变电所主变压器短路计算选型目录一原始资料 (6)1.1原始资料 (6)1。
2对原始资料的分析计算 (6)二 110KV盐北变电所主变选择 (8)2.1主变方案选择 (8)2.2主变容量、参数选择 (9)三所用变选择 (11)四主接线设计 (12)4.1选择原则 (12)4.2 110KV主接线设计 (12)4.3 35KV主接线设计 (13)4。
4 10KV主接线设计 (13)五短路电流计算 (14)5。
1选择短路电流计算点 (14)5.2短路电流计算 (14)六变电所电气设备选择 (19)6。
1选择设备的基本原则 (19)6。
2断路器的选择 (20)6.3隔离开关的选择 (26)6。
4电流互感器的选择 (32)6。
(2021年整理)变电站外文翻译外文文献英文文献变电站的综合概述
(完整版)变电站外文翻译外文文献英文文献变电站的综合概述编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（(完整版)变电站外文翻译外文文献英文文献变电站的综合概述）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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(完整版)变电站外文翻译外文文献英文文献变电站的综合概述编辑整理：张嬗雒老师尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布到文库，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是我们任然希望（完整版）变电站外文翻译外文文献英文文献变电站的综合概述这篇文档能够给您的工作和学习带来便利.同时我们也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈到下面的留言区，这将是我们进步的源泉,前进的动力。
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附录Ⅲ英文翻译A comprehensive overview of substationsAlong with the economic development and the modern industry developments of quick rising, the design of the power supply system become more and more completely and system。
Because the quickly increase electricity of factories， it also increases seriously to the dependable index of the economic condition， power supply in quantity. Therefore they need the higher and more perfect request to the power supply. Whether Design reasonable， not only affect directly the base investment and circulate the expenses with have the metal depletion in colour metal, but also will reflect the dependable in power supply and the safe in many facts。
110KV降压变电所电气部分设计(含cad源图)
摘要电力已成为人类历史发展的主要动力资源，要科学合理的使用及分配电力，必须从工程的设计来提高电力系统的安全性、可靠性和运行效率，从而达到降低成本，提高经济效益的目的。
变电站是电力系统配电传输不可缺少的重要组成部分，它直接影响整个电力网络的安全和电力运行的经济成本，是联系发电厂和用户的中间环节,起着变换和分配电能的作用。
电气主接线是发电厂变电所电气部分的主体，电气主接线的拟定直接关系着全厂（所）电气设备的选择、配电装置的布置、继电保护和自动装置方式的确定，对电力系统的安全、可靠、经济运行起着决定的作用。
本设计针对110kV降压变电站进行电气部分设计，电压等级110kV/35kV/10kV；设计内容包括：变压器台数和容量的选择、主接线的选择、短路电流的计算、主要电器设备的选择和校验、继电保护及变电站防雷等.设计中依据《电力工程设计手册，电气一次部分》、《发电厂、变电站电气部分》，《电力继电保护原理》《中小型变电所实用设计手册》《电气设备设计计算手册》《交流高压断路器订货技术条件》、《交流电气装置的过电压保护和绝缘配合》、《高压配电装置设计技术规程》等国家和电力行业有关110kV变电所设计、标准、规程、规范及国家有关安全、环保等强制性标准.关键词：降压变电站电气设计目录第一章绪论 (1)第一节选题背景 (1)第二节选题意义 (1)第三节变电站发展概况 (1)第四节设计原始资料 (2)一、变电站的出线 (2)二、负荷情况 (2)三、线路长度 (2)第二章电气主接线设计及短路电流计算 (3)第一节电气主接线设计及主变压器容量选择 (3)一、电气主接线方案初选 (3)二、主接线方案比较 (3)三、主变压器的选择 (4)四、站用变压器的选择 (5)第二节短路电流计算 (5)一、短路电流的计算目的 (5)二、短路电流计算点的确定 (5)三、计算步骤 (6)四、变压器、线路及电抗器的参数计算 (6)五、系统网络化简 (8)K的短路计算 (8)六、110kV母线短路点1K的短路计算 (9)七、35KV母线短路点2K的短路计算 (11)八、10KV母线短路点3K的短路计算 (12)九、10KV出线短路点4第三章电气主设备的选择及校验 (14)第一节选择原则及规定 (14)一、一般原则 (14)二、校核电器的基本使用条件 (14)三、各回路最大持续工作电流 (14)第二节主设备选择及校验 (15)一、断路器的选择及校验 (15)二、隔离开关的选择及校验 (18)三、电流互感器的选择及校验 (21)四、电压互感器的选择 (26)五、避雷器的选择及检验 (28)六、母线的选择及校验 (30)七、熔断器的选择 (33)第四章主变保护整定计算及防雷接地计算 (34)第一节变压器继电保护 (34)一、变压器差动保护计算 (34)二、变压器过流保护及过负荷保护计算 (36)第二节防雷接地计算 (37)一、防雷计算 (37)二、接地计算 (39)总结 (41)致谢 .............................................................................错误!未定义书签。
110kv降压变电站电气部分设计
110k v降压变电站电气部分设计-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN110KV降压变电站电气部分设计摘要近年来随着地区经济的发展，城镇用电量呈大副增长趋势。
随之带来一系列在网运行问题，其中在网负荷量不足尤为重要，为保证城镇正常用电，配套变电站的建设成为重中之重。
今拟建一座110KV变电站，向该地区用10KV电压等级供电。
设计110KV线路2回、10KV线路10回，架空出线。
关键词：变电站电气设计参数计算设备选择第一篇前言总则变电所的设计，必须从全局出发，统筹兼顾，按照负荷性质、用电容量、工程特点和地区供电条件，结合国情合理得确定设计方案；同时变电所的设计，必须坚持节约用电的原则。
绪论在本次设计过程中，初步体现了工程设计的精髓内容，如根据规程选择方案，用对比的方法对方案评价等。
教会了我们在工程中运用所学专业知识，锻炼了我们用实际工程的思维方法去分析和解决问题的能力。
一、对电力系统的基本要求（一）保证可靠的持续供电：供电中断将使生产停顿，生活混乱，甚至危及人身和设备安全，形成十分严重的后果。
停电给国民经济造成的损失远远超过电力系统本身的损失，因此，电力系统运行首先要满足可靠、持续供电的要求。
（二）可扩性的具体要求：扩建时，可容易地从初期接线过度为最终接线二、设计原则(一)本地区电网规划、电网调度自动化系统规划和通信规划，根据电网结构、变电站理环境、交通、消防条件、站地区社会经济状况，因地制宜地制定设计方案；(二)除按照电网规划中规定的变电站在电网中地位和作用考虑其控制方式外，其与电网配合、继电保护及安全自动装置等均应能满足运行方式的要求；(三)自动化技术装备上要坚持安全、可靠、经济实用、正确地处理近期建设与远期发展关系，做到远近结合；(四)节约用电，减少建筑面积，既降低电网造价，又满足了电网安全经济运行；(五)对一、二次设备及土建进行必要简化，取消不必要措施；(六)应满足备用电源自投、无功功率和电压调节。
110KV降压变电站电器部分设计（含图纸版）
110KV降压变电站电器部分设计（含图纸版）⽬录1 前⾔ (1)1.1 本⽂研究背景 (1)1.2 国外研究现状 (1)1.2.1⾼压电⽓设备发展现状 (1)1.2.2变电所⼀次设备主接线⽅式的现状 (1)1.2.3变电站综合⾃动化⼆次回路现状 (2)1.2.4 变电站综合⾃动化的发展现状 (2)1.3 研究⽬的和意义 (2)2 110KV变电所初步设计说明书 (3)2.1主变压器选择 (3)2.1.1变压器绕组与调压⽅式的选择 (3)2.1.2变压器相数的选择 (3)2.1.3变压器容量和台数的选择 (3)2.1.4变压器的冷却⽅式 (4)2.2 电器主接线选择 (4)2.2.1主接线设计原则 (4)2.2.2主接线⽅式选择 (5)2.3 短路电流计算 (6)2.3.1短路电流计算的⽬的 (7)2.3.3短路电流计算的步骤 (8)2.3.4短路类型及其计算⽅法 (8)2.4.主变压器的选择 (9)2.4.1电⽓的选择原理 (9)2.4.2 ⾼压断路器的选择和校验 (9)2.4.3 隔离开关选择 (10)2.4.4母线的选择 (10)2.4.5 电压互感器选择 (11)2.4.6 电流互感器的选择 (12)2.5配置全所的继电保护 (12)2.5.1 110kv侧进出线及母线的继电保护 (13)2.5.2 35kV侧进出线及母线的继电保护 (14)2.6 变电站⾃动化 (15)2.6.1变电站⾃动化的基本概念 (15)2.6.2变电站综合⾃动化系统应能实现的功能 (16)3 110KV变电所初步设计计算书 (17)3.1短路电流计算 (17)3.2断路器的选择 (18)3.2.1 110kV侧断路器的选择 (18)3.2.2 35kV侧断路器的选择 (19)3.2.3 10kV侧断路器的选择 (20)3.3 隔离开关的选择 (21)3.3.1 110kV侧隔离开关的选择 (21)3.3.2 35kV侧隔离开关的选择 (22)3.3.3 10kV侧隔离开关的选择 (22)3.4电流互感器的选择 (23)3.4.1 110kV进线及母联电流互感器选择 (23)3.4.2 35kV进线及母联电流互感器选择 (24)3.4.3 10kV进线及母联电流互感器选择 (24)3.5 继电保护的配置 (25)3.5.1 线路的继电保护配置 (25)3.5.2变压器的继电保护 (26)3.6 防雷保护计算 (27)4 结论 (27)后记： (27)参考⽂献： (28)附录： (30)图⼀总平⾯布置图图 (30)图⼆：电⽓设备接线图 (31)图三：避雷针保护围图： (33)1 前⾔1.1 本⽂研究背景变电站是电⼒系统中不可缺少的重要环节,它担负着电能传递和电能重新分配的繁重任务,是联系发电⼚和⽤户的中间环节，起着变换和分配电能的作⽤，对电⽹的安全和经济运⾏起着举⾜轻重的作⽤。
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英文文献 Cirtcuit Breakers
A circuit breaker is mechanical switching device capable of making,and breaking currents under normal circuit conditions and also making.carring for a specified time ,and mediujm in which circuit interruption is performed may be designated by a suitable prefix, for example,air-blastcircuit breaker,oil circuit breaker.The circuit breakers currently in use can be dlassified into the following categories according to the arc-quenching principles:air swetches oel ciryit breakers,minmum-oil circuit breakers,air-blast circuit breakers,the magenetic air circuit breakers,minimum-oil circuit breakers,aer-blast circuit breakers,the by voltage,insulation levelcurrent,interrupting capabilities,transient recovery coltage,interrupting tiome,and trip delay.The nameplate on a circuit breaker usually indicates:１.The maximum steady-state current it can carry, 2. The maximum interrupting current,3. The maximum line voltage,4.The interrupting time in cycles, The interrupting time in may last form 3 to 8 cycles on a 60 Hz system. To interrubt large currents quickly, we have to ensure rapid cooling. High-speed interruption lunits the damage transmission lines and equipment and, equally important,it helps to mainmain the stability of the system whenever a contingency occurs. The main parts of a circuit breaker are usually:arc-quenching chamber (or interrupter with moving and fixed contacts) operating mechanism and supporting structures. Air Switches-With increasing currents and voltages, spring-action driving mechanisms were developed to reduce contact buring by faster-opening operation.Later,main contacts were fitted with arcing contacts of special material and shape,which opend after and closed before the main contacts.Further improvements of the air switch were the bursh-type contact with a wiping and cleaning function,the insulating barrier leading to arc chutes,and blowout coils with excellent arc-extinguishing properties.These features,as well as the horn gap contact,are still in use in low voltage as and de breakers. Oil Circuit Breaker Around 1900, in order to cope with the new requirement for “interrupting capacity”,AC switches were immersed in a tank of oil. Is very effective in quenching the arc and establishing the open break after current zero.Deion grids,oil-blast features,pressure-tight joints and vents,new operating mechanisims,and multiple interrupter were introucedover several decades to make the oil circuit breaker a reliable apparatus for system voltage up to 362Kv. Lingting protection The thunder and lightning protects to connect the ground; Connect the ground to avoid the thunder the most important link of the technique, ignore is a shot thunder, respond the thunder of the thunder or other form, and avoid the thunder work most all of send into the earth the thunder electric current. Store the thunder energy to behave the type to build the , current technology to still reach to not arrive, and therefore have no the reasonable but good connect the ground equip to is impossible to speak about to defend the thunder.Therefore say the design, the construction is very high standard to connect the ground system is a heavy inside that defend thunder's work it heavy. High electric potential that For long time, people have an illusion, and think that connect the ground electric resistance more small avoid the thunder result and then more like, quilt object that protect safety. Certainly the electric resistance is more the small is more quick, strike by lightning to reserve time more short, the risk is more small, electric voltage of its stride, get in touch with the the electric voltage produce the machine too the more the ?But, construction that the fulfillment proof of near and more than ten in the last yearses, with its say that connect the worth importance of ground electric resistance, not equal to say that connect the ground to equip more reasonable, importanceElectricity equipments, demand variety that now's city, there is lots of in a building inside not the congeniality connect the ground device, if avoid the thunder to connect the ground, electricity the safety to connect the ground, AC power the work to connect the ground, correspondence and calculator system to connect the ground, according to the fulfillment proof, totally use to connect the ground is an application most for extensive connect the local type. That A, the independence connect the ground: As above part for demand for speak ofing connecting the ground of, all distinguish to independently establish the own to connect the ground system, and this kind of connect the local type to call the independence to connect the ground. Its advantage is each system and can't result in the mutual interference, and this is particularly important to correspondences systems.But the adoption independence that network easily were strike by lightninged is bad, so besides have to defend to explode the dangerous environment requesting to must want the adoption the independence of avoid the thunder method generally not lay claim to the way to connect the ground. Two, totally use to connect the ground: Also call unify to connect the ground.The each system that it connect the ground the demand unifies to receive a connect the