名词转化为动词

名词转化为动词
名词转化为动词

名词转动词

(一)动物名词转化为表示具有该动物习性特点的行为动作

由于人们对日常生活中常见的动物比较熟悉和了解,因此,代写医学论文语言中用动物来作隐喻的例子很多。这些名动转化有很多是以人们对动物习性的观察而得出的,如某些动物的动作特征很显著,因此这类名词转化成的动词便具有了这些动物的动作特征意义。如fox善欺骗,parrot会学舌,ape模仿,monkey 爱淘气等等。

From every window heads were craning for a view of it.每个窗口都有人探出头来看。

He doesn?t have all idea of his own.He just parrots what other people say.

他没有自己的观点,只会鹦鹉学舌。

前两句以动物作喻,所表达的意思分别是:“stretched their heads like a crane”和“repeats someone else words or idea like a parrot”,非常形象地活化了主体的动作或状态,收到了形、神皆似的修辞效果。(二)人体部位和动植物组成部分的名词转化为具有其形象特点的行为动词

表示人体器官名称的名词,如eye、elbow、foot、nose、stomach、finger、hand、firm、thumb等,从某种意义上讲,这些也是人类自身所拥有的从事社会实践活动的工具。因此,它们转化成动词后,也具有某种功能意义。

The boat nosed its way through the fog.船在雾中小心地前进。

句中的nose原为名词“鼻子”,转为动词后意为“用鼻子触碰”,句子引申为“向前移动”、“推进”的意思。He legged it out to the wharf.(一般用于legit补语中)他朝码头飞跑而去。

此外,动植物组成部分名称的名词也可动词化,这一类的名词有skin、bone、bark、shell、scale、peel、seed等。它们用作动词含有从整个物体中分离出来的意义。

Jack peeled the snake.杰克把那条蛇剥了皮。

(三)表示自然现象的名词转化为表示以其性质为特征的动作动词

They stormed the speaker with questions.他们猛烈质问演讲者。

此句以自然现象作喻,意为spoke violently like a storm.

Misfortunes have rained heavily upon the old Man.不幸总是无情地落在这位老人身上。

His refusal iced our enthusiasm.他的拒绝给我们的热情泼了冷水。

(四)工具名称的动词化表“用某种工具做某事”

工具名词有很大一部分能转化成动词,如bicycle、bas、sllip、helicopter、cage、frame、comb、knife、nall、plug、subway、blan—ket等。这种转化借助工具的功能作用使转化成的动词具有了原名词的功能意义,意为“用某种工具做某事”。

He 747ed to Paris last weekend.他上周末坐747飞机到了巴黎。

The fliers knifed through the cloudy sky,heading for thebattle zone.

飞行员穿云破雾,直奔战区。(句中的knifed是比喻用法,描绘飞行员驾着飞机,冲破万里云雾,犹如尖刀,所向披靡。)

(五)亲属称谓和人名的动词化表示其关系体现的内涵意义或社会语言学价值

Their money has not been wisely husbanded.他们的钱没有被明智地节省使用。

Stop mothering her,she?s 30 yea rs old and can take care of herself perfectly wel1.

别再溺爱她了,她已经3o岁了,可以很好地照顾自己了。(mother'…母亲”带着“抚爱、亲切、体贴”等内涵意义。)

She managed to sandwich the repairs in between taking the kids to school and starting work.她设法将修修补补的工作安插在送孩子上学和自己上班之间的这段时间里。

(六)抽象名词的名词动词化

They didn?t intelligence me beforehand,and it was quite a surprise to me.

由于事先他们没把消息传给我,这个事情使我感到十分惊奇。

(七)网络名词的动词化和科技领域的名词用作动词

这类词有clone、rocket、telegraph、radio、PK、email、fax等,

例如短语to clone a sheep克隆出一只绵羊。

Why not google your girl friend at college?为什么你不去在大学里寻找自己的女朋友?

(八)名词在不同语境下的不同搭配具有不同的动词化语义

The foreign minister ridded with ease all the questions the correspondent had raised.这位外交部长对记者提出的问题对答如流。

The head coach has decided to field two star footballers in the finals.

主教练决定派两名足球名星参加决赛。

动词变名词和形容词变副词名词练习

巧记单词1:动词变名词work---___________(工作者)sing---___________(歌手)teach---___________(教 师)drive---___________(司机)write---___________(作家)dance---___________(舞蹈家) win---___________(获胜者)run---___________(赛跑者)swim---___________(游泳者) act---___________(男演员)act---__________(女演员)collect---___________(收藏 家)direct---___________(主管)visit---___________(参观者)invent---___________(发明 家)translate---___________(翻译家)educate---___________(教育)describe---___________(描 述)collect---___________(收藏)invent---___________(发明)build---___________(建筑物) mean---___________(意思)meet---___________(会议)cross---___________(路口) turn---___________(转弯处)decide---___________(决定)die---___________(死亡) fly---___________(飞行)know---___________(知识)please---___________(高兴) pronounce---___________(发音)mix---___________(混合物)predit---___________(预言) 形容事/物形容人 please---_____________(令人高兴的)---________________(感到高兴的) surprise---_____________(令人惊讶的的)---______________(感到惊讶的) excite---_____________(令人兴奋的)---_________________(感到兴奋的) interest---_____________(令人感兴趣的)---______________(感兴趣的) worry---_____________(令人担忧的)---__________________(感到担忧的) bore---_____________(令人无聊的、枯燥的)---________________(感到厌烦的) relax---_____________(令人轻松的)---___________________(感到轻松的) amaze,annoy,disappoint,embarrass,frustrate,relax,terrify,thrill,tire等 巧记单词2:形容词变副词、名词 A:形容词变副词并写出中文意思。 quick---____________()strong---____________()heavy---____________()angry---____________()happy---_ ___________()lucky---____________()healthy---____________()noisy---______________()usual---_______ _____()careful---_____________()real---____________()successful---____________()terrible---__________ __()possible---_______________() B:形容词变名词并写出中文意思。 kind---_______________()happy---_________________() ill---_________________()sad---_________________() confident---_______________()important---______________() different---________________()true---_________________() high---_________________()safe---_________________()

英语形容词-名词-动词-副词-互变方法规律

英语形容词-名词-动词-副词-互变方法规律

英语形容词,名词,动词,副词互变方法规律 一.名词变形容词: 1.名词后加-y, 如: luck→lucky, cloud→cloudy; wind→windy; rain→rainy; sun→sunny, snow→snowy noise-noisy health→healthy 2.在名词后加-ly, 如: friend→friendly love→lovely day→daily 3.方位名词加-ern,如: east→eastern west→western south→southern north→northern 二.动词变形容词 1.词尾加ful: use - useful, care - careful, help - helpful, thank - thankful peace - peaceful,

forget - forgetful, play - playful, succeed - successful, wonder - wonderful 2.词尾加d或ed: please - pleased, unite - united, excite - excited, surprise - surprised, organize - organized, close - closed, wound - wounded, relax - relaxed,develop - developed, appreciate - appreciated,frustrate - frustrated, interest - interested, annoy - annoyed, use - used, frighten - frightened, crowd - crowded, thrill - thrilled, pollute - polluted 3.词尾加ing:

专题07 名词转化为动词(解析版)

2020年高考英语词汇解题妙招 专题07 名词转化为动词(解析版) 众所周知,名词是英语词汇中比例最大的词,掌握了名词就解决了词汇的大多数。本节将介绍词汇转换法:不添加任何成分, 不改变词形, 把一个词由一种词类转用为另一种词类的方法叫转化法。有时意思不变有时意思有变化。如:下列词语均选自高考真题。 button (n.钮扣)→ to button (v.扣钮扣) native (adj.本地的)→ native (n.本地人) 其主要形式有以下几种,我将在练习题中详细讲解。今天讲的是名词转化为动词。 根据下划线词在句中所作句子成分, 判断其词性及其意义。 1. What are the speakers talking about? A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)) 【答案】vi. 离开,出发; 【解析】原本是n. 许可,同意;休假。在此转化为动词。构成疑问词When+不定式to leave做介词about 的宾语。 2.What h as Kate’s mother decided to do? A. Return to school. B. Change her job. C. Retire from work.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)) 【答案】v. 改变,转变,(使)不同;(使)变换;替代,更换;交换; 【解析】原本是n. 变化,改变;替代物;换洗衣物;零钱,硬币;换乘;全新体验;新月相的出现。复数changes。在此转化为动词。构成省略to的不定式短语做decide的宾语. A. Oil painting. B. Art history. C. Business administration.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)) 【答案】vt. 学习;考虑;攻读;细察 【解析】原本是n. 学习,研究;课题;书房;学问。复数studies。在此转化为动词作谓语。 4.Why does the man seldom do exercise?

最新英语单词词性转换

英语单词词性转换 一、动词(v.)→名词(n.) 1、词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示"某一类人"的名词 例如:work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer, jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner, visit—visitor, invent—inventor,collect—collector等. 注意:1)以不发音的e结尾的动词,在词尾加-r. 例如:drive—driver, write—writer等. 2)以辅音字母开头并以元音字母加辅音字母结尾的单词,应双写末尾的辅音字母再加er。例如:run—runner, win—winner,begin—beginner等. 2.在动词词尾加上-ment 变成名词 例如:achieve—achievement (成就) advertise—advertisement//advertising(广告) agree—agreement disagree—disagreement amuse—amusement (娱乐) improve—improvement(争吵) commit(奉献)—commitment develop—development (发展) 有些单词比较特殊,需把动词后的e去掉再加ment. 例如:argue—argument(争论) 3.在动词词尾加上-(t)ion/(s)ion变成名词 例如: attract—attraction; instruct—instruction; invent—invention discuss—discussion; express—expression educate—education; graduate—graduation; operate—operation (去e再加"ion") compete—competition; organize—organization (把e改成其他字母再加"tion")

英语形容词,名词,动词,副词互变方法规律

英语形容词,名词,动词,副词互变方法规律 一.名词变形容词: 1.名词后加-y, 如: luck→lucky, cloud→cloudy; wind→windy; rain →rainy; sun→sunny, snow→snowy noise-noisy health→healthy 2.在名词后加-ly, 如: friend→friendly love→lovely day→daily 3.方位名词加-ern,如: east→eastern west→western south→southern north→northern 二.动词变形容词 1.词尾加ful: use - useful, care - careful, help - helpful, thank - thankful peace - peaceful, forget - forgetful, play - playful, succeed - successful, wonder - wonderful 2.词尾加d或ed: please - pleased, unite - united, excite - excited, surprise - surprised, organize - organized, close - closed,

wound - wounded, relax - relaxed,develop - developed, appreciate - appreciated,frustrate - frustrated, interest - interested, annoy - annoyed, use - used, frighten - frightened, crowd - crowded, thrill - thrilled, pollute - polluted 3.词尾加ing: interest - interesting, surprise - surprising, excite - exciting develop - developing, frighten - frightening, thrill - thyrilling frustrate - frustrating, relax _ relaxing, live - living rock - rocking, sleep - sleeping 4.词尾变y为i,加ed: worry - worried, marry - married,fry - fried, terrify - terrified satisfy - satisfied 5.词尾加able:

德语动词-名词转换

abfahren – die Abfahrt abfliegen – der Abflug abh?ngen – die Abh?ngigkeit abschlie?en – der Abschluss analysieren – die Analyse anbieten – das Angebot anfangen – der Anfang angeben – die Angabe ankommen – die Ankunft annehmen – die Annahme anrufen – der Anruf anschlie?en – der Anschluss ansehen – die Ansicht ansteigen – der Anstieg antworten – die Antwort anzeigen – die Anzeige anziehen – der Anzug arbeiten – die Arbeit ?rgern – der ?rger atmen – der Atem aufbauen – der Aufbau aufnehmen – die Aufnahme ausdrücken – der Ausdruck ausgeben – die Ausgabe ausgehen – der Ausgang aussehen – das Aussehen aussprechen – die Aussprache austauschen – der Austausch ausw?hlen – die Auswahl ausziehen – der Auszug baden – das Bad bauen – der Bau beantragen – der Antrag 提议,提出beauftragen – der Auftrag 委托,交付begreifen – der Begriff 概念beitragen – der Beitrag 贡献berichten – der Bericht beschlie?en – der Beschluss besitzen – der Besitz 拥有 best?tigen – Best?tigung 证实bestehen – der Bestand 存在bestrafen – Bestrafung/Strafe besuchen – der Besuch betragen – der Betrag 总额 betreiben – der Betrieb 推动;运行,运转betrügen – der Betrug beweisen – der Beweis 证实 beziehen – der Bezug bitten – Bitte blicken – der Blick blitzen – der Blitz brechen – der Bruch 断裂 bremsen – die Bremse brennen – der Brand buchstabieren – der Buchstabe charakterisieren –der Charakter danken – der Dank dauern – die Dauer decken – die Decke definieren – die Definition demonstrieren – Demonstration diktieren – das Diktat diskutieren – die Diskussion donnern – der Donner drucken – der Druck drücken – der Druck dulden – die Geduld duschen – die Dusche eilen – die Eile einfahren – die Einfahrt eingehen – der Eingang einkaufen – der Einkauf einreisen – Einreise einsetzen – der Einsatz eintreten – der Eintritt enden – das Ende entschlie?en – der Entschluss entwerfen – der Entwurf ereignen – das Ereignis 不寻常的事情,事件ergeben – das Ergebnis erkennen – die Erkenntnis erlauben – die Erlaubnis 许可,同意,批准erleben – das Erlebnis ersetzen – der Ersatz 代替 erwerben – der Erwerb 获得 erzeugen – das Erzeugnis 产品 essen – das Essen existieren – die Existenz explodieren – die Explosion exportieren – der Export fahren – die Fahrt fallen – der Fall feiern – die Feier fernsehen – das Fernsehen finanzieren – die Finanz fliegen – der Flug flie?en – der Flu? flüchten – die Flucht folgen – die Folge

名词动词形容词变化规则

1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”: a.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ;读音:清辅音后读[s],浊辅音和元音后读[z]。 b.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ;读音:[iz]。c.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries ;读音:[z]。d.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives ,thief-thieves;读音:[z]。 e.以“o”结尾的词,分两种情况 1)有生命的+es 读音:[z]如:mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes 2) 无生命的+s 读音:[z]如:photo-photos radio-radios f. 不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 1、写出下列各词的复数。 I _________ him _________ this _______ her ______ watch _______ mango_______child _______ photo ________ diary ______ day________ foot________ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______ engineer______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ leaf_______ people________ 单数复数 人称代词主格I you he she it we you they 宾格me you him her it us you them 物主代词形容词性my your his her its our your their 名词性mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs I(宾格)_______ she(形容词性物主代词)_______ we(名词性物主代词)_______ he(复数)_______ us(单数)_______ theirs(主格)_______ its(宾格)_______ 2、想一想,把下表补充完整。 人称代词物主代词 单数复数单数复数 主格宾格主格宾格形容词性名词性形容词性名词性第一人称me us our 第二人称you you 第三人称he them his their her it its 2、形容词、副词比较级的规则变化如下: (1)一般直接+er。如:tall - taller, fast - faster 单音节词如果以-e结尾,只加-r。如:late - later (2)重读闭音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母,须双写这个字母,再加-er。如:big - bigger, fat - fatter (3)以辅音字母加-y结尾的词,变y为i,再加-er。如:heavy - heavier, early - earlier (4)双音节和多音节词的比较级应在原级前加more构成。如:beautiful - more beautiful, careful - more careful, quietly - more quietly, interesting - more interesting (5)有些不规则变化的,须逐一加以记忆。如:good/well – better, bad/ill – worse, many/much – more, far –farther/further, old –older/elder… 练一练:

英语动词单三变化规则及名词单数变复数口诀

动词的第三人称单数现在式变化规则: 1)一般由动词原形加-s get-gets play-plays 2)以e结尾的动词,加-s like-likes make-makes 3)以o结尾的动词加-es go-goes do-does 以s, x, ch, sh等字母结尾的动词,后面加-es kiss-kisses fix-fixes teach-teaches fish-fishes 4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变i, 再加-es fly-flies study-studies 5) have –has 一般现在时 主语+动词原型V I have a friend. You have a friend. We have a friend. They have a friend. 主语(第三人称单数)+动词V(三单) She / He / It has a friend. Tom / My mother has a friend.

名词单数变复数口诀 (一) 规则变化 名词单数变复数,直接加-s 占多数; s, x, z, ch, sh 来结尾,直接加上-es; 词尾是 f 或fe,加-s 之前先变ve; 辅母+ y 在词尾,把y 变i 再加-es; 词尾字母若是o,常用三个已足够, 要加-es 请记好,hero, tomato, potato。 (二) 不规则变化 男人女人 a 变e,鹅足牙oo 变ee; 老鼠虱婆也好记,ous 变ic; 孩子加上ren,鱼鹿绵羊不用变。 This---these(这些) that -- those(那些) 【解说】 1. 英语名词有单数和复数的区别,单数表示“一”,复数表示“多于一。”名词由单数变复数,多数是规则的变,直接加-s,例如:book →books, girl →girls。但以-s, -z, -x, -ch, -sh 结尾的名词,变成复数时加-es, 例如:bus →buses, buzz →buzzes, box →boxes, watch →watch es, brush →brushes 2. -f(e) 结尾的名词单数变复数歌诀:①树叶半数自已黄,妻子拿刀去割粮,架后窜出一只狼,就像强盗逃命忙。②妻子持刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发了慌,躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光。例如:leaf (树叶,叶子),half (一半),self (自已),wife (妻子),knife (刀子),shelf (架子),wolf (狼), thief (窃贼,强盗) 和life (生命),这些名词变成复数时,都要改-f (e) 为v,再加-es。 3. -f 结尾的名词直接加-s 变复数歌诀:海湾边、屋顶上,首领奴仆两相望;谁说他们无信仰,证据写在手帕上。例如:

高中英语 动词如何转换成名词

第九章动词如何转换成名词动名词(Gerund)和不定词(Infinitive) *Sing is good for you. 或者是*I like sing. 9§2 动名词(Gerund) 所谓动名词,乃是将一个动词,字尾加上ing,这个动词就可以当作名词用了。 I like singing. Playing basketball is good for you. Do you enjoy listening to classical music? Is traveling around the world meaningful to you? Studying English is not difficult. 1.动名词可用作主词,如 Playing tennis is enjoyed by many people. Being kind to others is important for every one. 2.动名词可以用作动词的宾语,如 I enjoy studying English. He does not mind walking long distances. He loves swimming. 3.动名词可以用作介词(preposition)的宾语,英文里有很多介词,at, in, about, of, on等等都是介词,This book is about traveling. He is responsible for cleaning the kitchen. My brother is capable of writing programs. You just keep on going straight. 在下面,我们要给各位更多有关gerund的例子,各位不妨看看每一个句子中,那个动名词是作什么用的。Instead of swimming, he walks every morning. He likes walking in the woods. Are you interested in playing tennis? Loving is to be kind to others. Reading is important to students. In addition to traveling, he also likes reading novels. You will be happy by helping others. He is worried about being late. I finished writing the report yesterday. They thanked me for lending them money. He has never finished writing the novel. She is in change of teaching English in our school. My father objected to my going to the summer camp. Please stop joking about my brother. I look forward to seeing you. He has never enjoyed traveling. She was excited about going abroad. I consider gambling a bad thing to do. I have never dreamed of flying an airplane. He suggested talking to our teacher. I believe in doing some kind of exercise every day. Playing the piano is no fun at all. Nancy is accustomed to sleeping late. 【练习三十八】改正以下的错误 1.*Play tennis is fun. 2.*I hate swim. 3.*Stop talk about me. 4.*In addition to read interesting books, you should also watch TV from time to time. 5.*I am not interested in swim. 6.*He talks about go to America. 7.*I believe in do exercise every day. 8.*The cost of transfer a student to another school is very high. 9.*Please forgive me for make this mistake. 10.*Swim keeps me from getting cold. 【练习三十九】 填充,每一个句子填入一个介系词和一个动名词,先举一个例子。 1. I am interested (listen) to music. 2. Please forgive me (be) so late. 3. In addition (study) , you should also have some exercises every day. 4. We talked (build) a house next year. 5. Thank you (help) me. 6. He is excited (travel) to Japan. 7. I am looking forward (meet) you. 8. He insists (talk) to me personally. 9. I believe (exercise) every day. 10. Did you participate that (swim) match. 11. He was not used (listen) to classic music. 12. My mother objected (visit) my aunt tomorrow. 13. I am not accustomed (go) to bed so late. 14. I am interested (swim) . 15. Are you responsible (write) this report? 16. He is excited (see) me tomorrow.

动词与名词的转换

宝高高三总复习词语变形归纳 ★动词与名词的转换(v.----n.) (一)--ment abandon—abandonment accomplish—accomplishment achieve—achievement acknowledge---acknowledgement adjust---adjustment advertise—advertisement agree—agreement amaze—amazement announce—announcement appoint—appointment argue—ar gu ment arrange—arrangement assess—assessment astonish—astonishment attach---attachment attain—attainment commit---commitment develop—development disagree—disagreement disappoint---disappointment discourage---discouragement embarrass---embarrassment equip---equipment excite---excitement employ---employment encourage---encouragement enjoy---enjoyment govern---government improve---improvement manage---management punish---punishment refresh---refreshment replace---replacement require---requirement retire---retirement settle---settlement treat---treatment (二)--tion abolish—abolition absorb—absorption accumulate—accumulation accuse—accusation acquire—acquisition adapt—adaptation(改编(本) add—addition admire—admiration admit—admission adopt—adoption adore—adoration allocate—allocation apply—application appreciate—appreciation associate—association assume—assumption attract---attraction calculate—calculation cancel—cancellation celebrate---celebration clarify---clarification classify—classification collect---collection combine---combination communicate---communication compensate—compensation compete—competition complete---completion compromise---compromise concentrate---concentration condemn---condemnation confirm---confirmation congratulate---congratulation connect---connection consider---consideration construct---construction consume---consumption contradict---contradiction contribute---contribution correct---correction(纠正,改正之处)corrupt—corruption create---creation declare---declaration decorate---decoration delete---deletion describe—description destroy---destruction determine---determination devote---devotion discriminate—discrimination distribute--distribution donate---donation elect---election erupt---eruption evaluate—evaluation examine---exam(ination) found---foundation expect---expectation explain---explanation explore---exploration graduate---graduation hesitate---hesitation imagine---imagination

现代汉语名词、动词、形容词词性

一、实词 (一)名词 1.名词的语法特征 (1)经常作主语和宾语, (2)名词前面一般能够加上表示物量的数量短语,一般不能加副词。例如:能说“一个人”,不能说“不人”。 (3)名词不能用重叠式表示某种共同的语法意义。亲属称谓以及其他少数词,例如“妈妈、哥哥”和“星星”等,这些是构词的语素重叠,不算构形的形态变化。 (4)汉语名词单数、复数同形。在表示模糊复数时,部分指人名词(和代词)可加构形后缀“们”,如“朋友们、你们”。加“们”之后不能再受表示确定数目的词语修饰。 2.时间名词和方位词 时间名词较特殊,除了能作主语、宾语和定语外,还经常作状语,表示事情发生的时间,例如“他昨天来了。” 方位词表示方向、位置。 方位词有定位性,总放在词语之后,与实词语组成方位短语,表示空间位置,如“桌子上”、“房间里”。 方位短语前头往往加介词,组成介词短语,如“在椅子上”。 少数方位词,如“前、后、之前、以后、内、之内、以内”可表示时间,如“出发前”等。方位词有封闭性(指数量有限),它能产性差,又有定位性,因而带有虚词性,所以有人称它为“后置词”。 (二)动词 1.动词的语法特征 (1)动词常作谓语或谓语中心,多数能带宾语,如“他来了”、“我爱祖国”。 (2)动词能够受副词“不”修饰,多数不能受程度副词修饰。表心理活动的动词和一些能愿动词能够前加程度副词,例如能说“很怕、很喜欢”等。 (3)动词多数可以后带“着、了、过”等表示动态。 (4)有些动作行为动词可以重叠,表示短暂、轻微(动作的动量少或时量少),限于表示可持续的动作动词。单音动词重叠是AA式,如“想想、说说”,双音动词重叠是ABAB式,如“打扫打扫”。有些动宾式合成词的重叠式是AAB,如“散散步”。 (三)形容词 1.形容词的语法特征 (1)形容词常作谓语或谓语中心语和定语,多数能够直接修饰名词。例如“太阳红~红太阳”。少数性质形容词能够直接修饰动词,作状语,例如“快走、老实说”。 通常要重叠或者加助动词“地”,才可以做状语。例如“慢慢说、轻松地说笑”。 一部分形容词也能作补语,例如“看清楚,走快(了)”。 (2)形容词不带宾语。 但是有些双音节的性质形容词兼属动词,作动词时能带宾语。例如“端正态度”(使态度端正)、有致使义,这样用时叫“使动词”。 还有“花了眼、直着身子”,表示一种变化或者事物表现为某种状态,“直、花”等是动词。这种词,前加程度副词时是形容词,不能带宾语;后带宾语时不能前加程度副词。这些词兼属形容词和动词两类。 (3)性质形容词大都能受程度副词修饰,例如“很简单”。 性质形容词的重叠式和状态形容词,或者因为是表情态的,或者因为本身带有某些程度意义,不能再受程度副词修饰。

英语动词、名词、形容词变化规律

动词后+ -ed的变化规则 1、一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed,如: work ---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted 2、以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如: live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped 3、以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如: study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried 4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如:stop ---stopped 5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。 go –went make –made get – got buy - bought come - came fly-flew 不规则动词的过去式的构成 1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如: begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam 2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如: drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote 3.改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如: draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed) 4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如: get—got,forget—forgot 5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如: feed—fed,meet—met 6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如: keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept 7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如: break—broke,speak—spoke

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