done作状语表示状态
过去分词做状语
过去分词做状语过去分词done做状语一、用作时间状语(相当于一个时间状语从句)1. (When)Asked what had happened, he lowered his head.= When he was asked what had happened, he lowered his head.2. Whenever asked about it, he could hardly hold back his feelings.= Whenever he was asked about it, he could hardly hold back his feelings.3. Discussed many times, the problems were settled at last.= After they were discussed many times, the problems were settled at last.二、作原因状语(相当于一个because, as, since, now that等引导的原因状语从句)1. Moved by his speech, many people volunteered to help in the work. = Because they were moved by his speech, many people volunteered to help in the work.2. Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.= Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes._____ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.A. BlamingB. BlamedC. To blameD. To be blamed【分析】B=Because she was blamed for the breakdown of the schoolcomputer network，Alice…三、作条件状语(相当于一个条件状语从句)1. Given more time, we could have done it better.=If we had been given more time, we could have done it better.2. He will come if asked.= He will come if he is asked.3. United, we stand; divided, we fall.=If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fall.团结则存，分裂则亡。
过去分词作状语详解
过去分词作状语详解一．过去分词作状语的基本用法：过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件；表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
过去分词可置于主句前，也可置于主句后，用逗号与主句隔开。
例如：1. 原因状语Choked by the heavy smoke, he could hardly breathe. 他被浓烟呛了，几乎不能呼吸了。
Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。
Frightened by the noise in the night, the girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room. 受到夜晚响声的惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。
2. 时间状语Left to itself in the room, the baby began to cry.当被孤独地留在房间里时，婴儿哭了起来。
Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 当被问及这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。
Approached in the dark, the lights looked lonely and purposeless. 在黑暗中走近时。
那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。
3. 条件状语Seen in this aspect, the matter isn’t as serious as people generally suppose.如果从这个角度看，问题并不像人们一般预料的那样`严重。
Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
Given better attention, the accident could have been avoided. 要是多加注意，那次事故就能避免了。
非谓语having done的用法
非谓语having done的用法
非谓语中的having done是现在分词的完成式，它表示主动的动作，并且动作发生在谓语动词之前，常常作状语来修饰动词。
done过去分词无论作状语或作定语，都表示被动的动作，也可以表示已经完成的动作。
having done例句
Having done these things, he went on again.
做完这些事，他又继续往前走。
Having done quite well in the important exam, he came back home, relaxed and smiling.
他在这场重要的考试中做得很好，他放松地回到家，面带微笑。
It would be rash to try an exam like BEC Higher without having done any preparation at all, even if your English is very good.
即使你的英语很好，如果你没有做任何准备就参加 BEC 高级考试，那也太草率了。
You can congratulate yourself on having done an excellent job.
你应该为你出色的工作感到自豪。
Having done that,she now could rest.
做完了这些事，现在她可以安息了。
He felt ashamed of having done so little.
他为自己干得太少而感到羞愧。
语法知识点剖析(1)
!!非 谓 语 动 词非谓语动词:不能作谓语的动词形式，可以作除谓语动词外的任何成分，即主谓宾表定状补。
三种基本形式：doing, done, to doDoing:一、作主语1.doing作主语,位于句首，谓语动词用单数形式。
doing表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
Climbing mountains is a good way to keep fit.(保持健康)主 系Walking dog is his hobby.主 系2.当doing作主语太长时，用it作形式主语代替doing放在句首，doing放在句尾。
（避免头重脚轻）Crying over the spilt milk is no use.主→It is no use crying over the spilt milk.形式主语 真正主语固定句型：1.It is no use / no good / useless / senseless doing…2.It is worth doing sth…3.It is a waste of time doing…4.It is fun / enjoyable / pleasant /a good pleasure doing…例：It’s no use _____ with him since he has made up his mind. (2010)A. to argueB. arguingC. to be arguedD. argued!二、作宾语1.动词 + doingconsider(考虑), suggest(建议), look forward to(盼), excuse(原谅),admit(承认), delay/put off(推迟),得,fancy(想象)，avoid(避免), miss(错过), keep(继续), practice(练),deny(否认), finish(完成),就, enjoy/appreciate(欣赏),forbid(禁止), imagine(想象),才, risk(冒险),stand(忍受), mind(介意), allow/permit(准), escape(逃亡).固定搭配：1. advise / forbid / allow, permit + doing sth建议 禁止 两允许 sb to do sth2. need/want/require + doing需要 to be done例：⑴He enjoys _____ pop music while I prefer classical music. (2010)A. to listen toB. to listenC. listeningD. listening to⑵The garden requires_____ . (2009)A. wateringB. being wateredC. to waterD. having watered⑶I appreciate____ to your birthday party. (2003)A. to be invitedB. to have invitedC. having invitedD. being invited⑷I don’t mind____ out for a walk in such a bad weather. (2006)A. goB. to goC. goingD. gone⑸I don’t mind ____ in the office.A. to smokeB. smokedC. his smokingD. smokes注：1.doing的被动形式：being done (第3题只有被动的含义)2.doing的复合结构：在doing前面加 形容词性物主代词： his smoking名词所有格： Tom’s smoking代词的宾格形式(口语)：him smoking(doing动作的发出者)如果his smoking与him smoking同时出现，选择更加正式的his smoking.3.doing的否定形式：紧挨着doing前加not : not doing例1：I’m sorry for not being there.例2：⑴No one can avoid____ by advertisements. (2008)A. influencedB. influencingC. to influenceD. being influenced⑵What is the reason for ____ on time? (2012)A. not your comingB. you not comeC. your not comingD. you not to come!2.作介词宾语（所有的介词后跟动词的-ing 形式）介词：at, for, against, on, by, to, (in)…⑴to为介词的短语：（～ to doing）be/get used to = be accustomed to 习惯于 get down to 开始做…pay attention to 关注 contribute to 有助于devote oneself to 投身于be addicted to 沉溺于look forward to 盼望object to 反对stick to 坚持lead to 导致the key to …的关键confess to 坦白☆prefer的用法：prefer + doing (长期的动作)to do (一次性的动作)prefer to do A rather than do B = prefer doing A to doing B 宁愿做A而不愿做B 例：I prefer walking______. (2007)A. to driveB. to drivingC. than driveD. than driving⑵省略介词in的短语：sb spend 时间 (in) doing sth 花（时间）做…sb be busy (in) doing sth 忙于sb have trouble/difficulty/a problem/a hard time (in) doing sth 做…有困难There is no point (in) doing… 做…是没有用的。
现在分词的一般式doing和完成式havingdone在做状语时的区别
A.To have said B.Having said
C.To say
D.Saying
B.虽然我说过她干得不好，但后来我认为 我自己也不比她能干。
D.虽然我边说她干得不好，但同时我认为 我自己也不比她能干。 不合情理
【拓展训练】
1. __S_e_a_r_c_h_in_g___(search) the room very carefully, she found the ring she lost the day before.
A. to injure
B. injured
C. having injured
D. injuring
【及时巩固】
5. _B__ twice, the postman refused to deliver
our letters unless we chained our dog up.
A. Having bitten B. Having been bitten
old man suddenly realized he had left his
money in the car.
Waiting
C. Having been waited D. Being waited
【及时巩固】
3. ___C____ the joke, we burst out laughing.
因为他到过那里许多次，所以主动 提出当我们的向导。先于
【规律总结】
现 在 分
一般式 表示分词动作/状态 doing: 同时于谓语动作发生
与 主 语 均
词
为
作 状 语
完成式 having done:
非谓语动词用法精讲-done
比较
动词get后也可接动词不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语补 足语，和宾语是主动关系。
I couldn't get the car to start this morning. He got his sister to help him with his clothes. It is not hard to get him talking; the problem is stopping him!
text? 【正】Can you make the text understood by the
④ 使役动词have后既可接动词-ed形式，也可 接动词不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。 三者之间有一定的区别。 have 不定式动作由have的宾语发出，
表示让某人做某事
I‘m going to have the teacher answer this question after class.
excited
激动的
puzzled
迷惑的
satisfied
感到满意的
worried
烦恼的
tired
疲劳的
pleased
高兴的
astonished 惊讶的
1）分词与动名词作表语时的区别：
1.Our plan is _finishing_( finish ) the task before May.
2. Tom’s job was _guarding_( guard ) the factory.
非谓语动词being done的用法
非谓语动词being done的用法（最新版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制单位：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
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非谓语动词作状语
非谓语动词作状语一不定式作状语(to)do/not(to)do1表目的He sat down to have a rest.They went there to visit their teacher.2.表示结果He is old enough to go to school.。
She is too tired to do the job.。
表出乎意料的结果：______________He woke up only/just to find everybody gone.他醒来发现大家都走了。
3表示原因在某些形容词作表语，表示喜、怒、衷、乐后跟不定式表示原因。
如：I am very glad to see you.I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill.4.强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用in order to do(为了)或so as to(以便)+do。
注意：so as to不用于句首。
He got up early in order to/so as to catch the first bus.In order to pick up passengers,the bus stopped。
5.修饰全句，独立成分To tell you the truth,I have got no money about me.To be honest,I know nothing about it.二分词作状语分词作状语1．分词作状语的基本原则:(1)分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。
(2)分词作状语必须和句中主语含有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系，主动doing，被动done例句：分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。
Hearing the news,they got excited.(时间)Be careful while/when crossing the street.(时间)Having been bitten by a snake,she was frightened at it.(原因)Given a chance,I can surprise the world.(条件)The cup dropped to the ground,breaking into pieces.(结果)Having been told many times,he still repeated the same mistake.(让步)The teacher came into the lab,followed by some students.(伴随状况)例句：(1)Having worked there for30years,Haydn moved to London先后(2)Having been knocked down by the car for so long,the old man was sent tothe hospital.(3)Not having finished his work,he had to work extra hours at night.因为没有完成工作，他不得不晚上额外加班。
过去分词作状语的用法归纳
过去分词作状语一．过去分词作状语的基本用法：过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件；表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
过去分词可置于主句前，也可置于主句后，用逗号与主句隔开。
1. 原因状语Choked by the heavy smoke, he could hardly breathe. 他被浓烟呛了，几乎不能呼吸了。
Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。
Frightened by the n oise in the night, the girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room. 受到夜晚响声的惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。
2. 时间状语Left to itself in the room, the baby began to cry.当被孤独地留在房间里时，婴儿哭了起来。
Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 当被问及这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。
Approached in the dark, the lights looked lonely and purposeless. 在黑暗中走近时。
那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。
3. 条件状语Seen in this aspect, the matter isn’t as serious as people generally suppose. 如果从这个角度看，问题并不像人们一般预料的那样`严重。
Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
Given better attention, the accident could have been avoided. 要是多加注意，那次事故就能避免了。
过去分词作定语和状语的用法总结
过去分词作定语和状语的用法总结过去分词作定语和状语是英语语法中的两种常用语法形式，用于描述动作和状态。
在过去分词作定语或状语的语法结构中，动词通常使用了-ed或-en的形式，并位于名词或动词后面，用于表示一个已完成的动作或状态。
本文将从以下三个方面对过去分词作定语和状语进行讲解：一、过去分词作定语的用法；二、过去分词作状语的用法；三、过去分词作定语和状语的区别及例句。
一、过去分词作定语的用法过去分词作定语一般位于被修饰的名词之后，用于修饰名词，描述名词所表示的事物的状态或性质，通常用于以下情况：1. 表示被动意义的动作完成态例如：The broken pen cannot be used.（损坏的笔无法使用）The stolen bike has been found.（偷走的自行车已经找到了）2. 表示主动意义的动作完成态例如：The written book was published by a famous publisher.（写作完成的书是由著名出版商出版的）3. 表示状态的形容词例如：The annoyed boss left for a meeting.（心烦意乱的老板去开会了）二、过去分词作状语的用法过去分词作状语一般位于句子中，用于修饰谓语动词，描述动作发生时的情况，通常用于以下情况：1. 表示时间状况例如：He finished his homework, exhausted.（他写完作业后筋疲力尽）She stood there, frozen with fear.（她站在那里，惊恐万分）2. 表示原因或结果例如：Having saved enough money, he bought a new car.（存够了钱，他买了一辆新车）Being late for the meeting, they missed their chance.（因为迟到，他们错过了机会。
）3. 表示条件状况例如：Having finished the task, he went home.（完成任务后，他回家了）三、过去分词作定语和状语的区别及例句过去分词作定语和状语的最大区别在于它们所修饰的词不同。