中考英语专题-名词

中考英语名词专题

名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词。

名词分为：普通名词、专有名词和复合名词

可数名词

可数名词复数形式的规则变化

1）一般情况下，直接在词尾加-s。如trees, books, schools, dogs, apples等

2）以-s、-x、-ch、-sh结尾的名词加-es. 如boxes, matches, classes, brushes等。注意：因为stomach 中的-ch发[K]的音，所以，其复数是stomachs。

3）以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加-es。如cities, libraries, factories等。注意：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词则只须加-s。如boys, monkeys, days等。

4）以-f或-fe结尾的名词，变f、fe为v再加-es。如half - halves, knife - knives, leaf - leaves。特殊情况: belief - beliefs, roof - roofs, cliff - cliffs

5）以辅音字母加o结尾的名词一般加-es,如hero - heroes, potato - potatoes, tomato - tomatoes, 特殊情况：piano - pianos, photo - photos, tobacco - tobaccos；以元音字母加-o结尾的名词一般加-s，如radio - radios, zoo - zoos, bamboo - bamboos。

可数名词复数形式的不规则变化

1）单复数同形的名词，如sheep, deer, species(种类), means (方法), works (工厂，作品), Japanese, Chinese, Swiss。特殊情况：fish - 表鱼肉时，是fish - 不可数名词；表鱼类和条数时，用复数fishes. 2）变元音字母-oo为-ee的，如foot - feet, tooth - teeth。

3）变man 为men，如man - men, policeman - policemen, Englishman - Englishmen, Frenchman - Frenchmen, woman - women，特殊情况：German (德国人) - Germans, Russian - Russians, American - Americans

4）在名词词尾加-en或-ren，如ox - oxen (公牛)，child - children

5）常以复数形式出现的名词，如people, clothes, glasses (眼镜), shoes, trousers。注意：这些名词作主语时，它们的谓语动词用复数，be动词为are / were，在一般现在时中的谓语实意动词为动词原形。可数名词可以被a,another, other, an,one,two等基数词以及plenty of (大量的),how many, many, a few, few, any, lots of, a lot of, some等修饰

e.g. Few people are reading in the classroom now. 教室里几乎没有人在看书。

I have some opinions to share with you. 我有一些看法要和你们分享。

1. Several ______ (woman) are talking on the square and they are talking about ______ (child).

2. Some ______ (German) and a few _______ (Englishman) visited our school two days ago.

3. Tom himself has two ______ (sheep) and four ______ (knife).

4. I don’t like eating ______ (fish) but I love to see ______ (fish) playing in the pool.

5. Mary has taken some ______ (photo) of the three ______ (hero).

答案：1. women; children 2. Germans; Englishmen 3. sheep; knives

4. fish; fishes

5. photos; heroes

不可数名词

1)物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词，不可数名词所表示的事物一般不能用数来计算，不能和a及an连用。常见的不可数名词，如fun, water, paper, rice, meat, milk, bread, tea, coffee, time(时间), wood (木材), information, news, space, advice (意见), space, work, music, money, glass (玻璃), weather, homework, housework等。

2)单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。

e.g. There is some bread left in the fridge.

No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。

3）不可数名词可用much, some, a little, little, a lot of, any, plenty of, no等修饰。如no water, any time 等。

e.g. Tom asked his younger sister to drink much milk.

1. Mother said that she would offer ______ advice to you.

A. a

B. an

C. a piece of

D. a piece

2. There _____ some space to sit.

A. is

B. are

C. were

3. The table is made of ______.

A. some glasses

B. some glass

C. many glass

D. many glasses

4. --- What can I do for you, sir?

--- I’d like two _______.

A. bottle of milk

B.bottles of milks

C.bottles of milk

D.bottle of milks

5.There is only a little ______ in the fridge. There’s not enough for breakfast.

A. cakes

B. bread

C. eggs

D. biscuits

答案：1 - 5 C A B C B

注意：当people,class,family,team,group,public,police等集体名词做主语时，如果看成一个整体，谓语动词就用单数；若看成一个个具体成员时，谓语动词用复数。

The class are waiting for her.

Tom’s family ____ (is / are) rather big. Tom’s family _____ (is / are) football fans.

答案：is; are

news, maths, politics 表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数。

e.g. The news made her sad.

Maths ______ (is / are) not easy for him.

答案：is

注意：

1）名词修饰另一名词时，一般用单数，如banana trees, apple trees

2）man, woman修饰名词时，应与后面的名词保持数的一致，如a man teacher, two women workers Our hospital needs four _____ (woman) doctors. 答案：women

名词所有格

表示名词间的所有关系，意为“......的”

一、名词所有格的构成方法。

1.一般情况下，在有生命的名词后加“’s”，不以-s结尾的复数名词，也加“’s”如Tom’s pen, Mary’s mother, Children’s day

2. 以-s或以-es结尾的复数名词，在其后加“’”即可，如teachers’ office, two hours’ reading

3. 表示两者或两者以上共同所有，把“’s”加在最后的名词上；表示各自拥有某样东西时，每个名词后都要加“’s”，如Lucy and Lily’s bedroom 两人共同的卧室；Lucy’s and Lily’s bedrooms 两人各自的卧室

4. 无生命名词的所有格用of，如a map of our school, the top of the hill

5. 双重所有格，of加名词性物主代词/ 名词后加“’s”，如a friend of mine 我的一个朋友（多个朋友中的一个）, a photo of Mary’s - Mary的一张照片（照片属于Mary），a photo of Mary - Mary的一张照片（照片里的人是Mary）

March 8th is ______ (woman) Day. 答案：Women’s

注意：可用名词所有格表示地点，如go to the doctor’s 去医生的诊所，go to the barber’s 去理发店

课堂练习

1. Swimming is ______ in summer.

A. a great fun

B. great fun

C. great funs

D. great a fun

2. Charlie Chaplin was one of the greatest _____ in the world.

A. accountants

B. actors

C. inventors

D. investors

3. Children in the UK call Childline for help with many different ______.

A. advice

B. trouble

C. information

D. problems

4. Now I want to give you _____.

A. an advice

B. a good advice

C. some advices

D. some advice

5. What ______ did you draw after the discussion?

A. attraction

B. conclusion

C. response

D. suggestion

6. People in some countries eat many _______ as their main food.

A. potatoes

B. potatos

C. rices

D. milks

7. Our dog eats meat, drinks _____ and guards our house.

A. Milks

B. the milk

C. milk D a milk

8. The ______ is used to help you to control the computer.

A. mouse

B. blackboard

C. monitor

D. main unit

9. --- Do you like ______?

--- No. I prefer rose, the color of your dress.

A. oranges

B. an orange

C. orange

D. carrots

10. How many ______ would you like?

A. paper

B. bread

C. pieces of papers

D. pieces of bread

11. It has been a long ______ to get this kind of information.

A. prize

B. price

C. praise

D. process

12. The new ______ belong to me and that ______ of trousers is hers.

A. trousers; pairs

B. trousers; piece

C. trousers; pair

D. trousers; pieces

13. All of the ______ teachers and ______ students are having a meeting there.

A. women; girl

B. woman; girls

C. women; girls

D. woman; girl

14. How soon shall we start the bicycle trip? --- ________

A. In five day’s time

B. In five days’ time

C. In five day time

D. In five days time

15. --- Is it true that some colors can make us relaxed?

--- Yes. Colors do have the ______ to change our feelings and moods

A. secret

B. idea

C. power

D. experience

答案： 1 - 5 B B D D B 6 - 10 A C A C D 11 - 15 D A A B C

举一反三

1. Do you have any _____ and ______ for lunch?

A. chicken; tomatos

B. chickens; tomatos

C. chicken; tomatoes

D. chicken; tomato

2. I have _____ water to share but he has ______ milk.

A. a few; much

B. little; much

C. little; a few

D. little; many

3. All these dictionaries are ______ to you, aren’t they?

A. great help

B. a great help

C. great helps

D. great help’s

4. Over ______ in education field, Simon has got a lot of ______ in teaching.

A. ten years’ work; experiences

B. ten year’s work; experience

C. ten year work; experiences

D. ten years’ work; experience

5. Though we hadn’t met each other for a long time, he recognized (辨认) my _______ on the phone at once.

A. noise

B. talk

C. sound

D. voice

6. Nowadays some ______ made in China are both good and cheap, such as Xiaomi phones, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers.

A. tools

B. products

C. materials

D. instruments

7. --- May I take your order?

--- I would like ______.

A. Two large bowls of soup

B. two large bowl of soup

C. two large bowls soup

D. Two large owls of soups

8. ______ about Wenchuan earthquake keep everyone in deep sorrow (悲痛).

A. News

B. Information

C. Messages

D. Advice

9. Do you know Mr. Smith? He is ______ uncle.

A. Jenny and Mary

B. Jenny and Mary’s

C. Jenny’s and Mary’s

D. Jenny or Mary’s

10. You have a _______. You should stop eating anything.

A. headache

B. backache

C. stomachache

D. fever

答案：1 - 5 C B A D D 6 - 10 B A C B C

用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。

1. Sherlock solved a lot of ______ according to clues (线索). (case)

2. I’m a ______ in Shanghai. (city)

3. He made a _____ not to spend too much time playing computer games. (decide)

4. There are many _______ ways to communicate through the Internet. (difference)

5. It was _______ for human beings to predict (预测) weather in the past. (difficulty)

6. Our government has paid great attention to _______ rights (权力) nowadays. (farm)

7. He enjoys ________ stamps.(collection)

8. The English students learn that _______ shake hands often. (Germany)

9. Allan was very _______ yesterday and broke one of his legs. (care)

10. On Christmas Eve each family ________ the festival happily. (celebration)

答案：1. cases 2. citizen 3. decision 4. different 5. difficult 6. farmers’

7.collecting 8. Germans 9. careless 10. celebrates

限时测试

1. Mr. Bond is an old friend of ______.

A. Jack mother

B. Jack mother’s

C. Jack’s mother’s D Jack’s mother

2. --- Where are the two _______?

--- They are talking in the office

A. woman writers

B. women writer

C. women’s writers

D. women writers

3. Come on, children. Help yourselves to some ________.

A. fish and chickens

B. fishes and chicken

C. fishes and chickens

D. fish and chicken

4. As a sports player, practising hard is your _______.

A. response

B. responsibility

C. reaction

D. respect

5. Frank is the kind of person whom people like to make _______.

A. friend with

B. friends of

C. friends

D. friends with

6. Now children in the remote village can go to school with the _______ of Project Hope.

A. help

B. need

C. use

D. group

7. Having afternoon tea is an English _______.

A. ceremony

B. tradition

C. menu

D. food

8. _____ is interesting to us.

A. Films

B. Cartoons

C. Physics

D. Stories

9. Louis had visited Shanghai Science & Technology Museum ______ the last summer holiday.

A. sometime

B. some time

C. sometimes

D. some times

10. After the exam, we’ll have _______ holiday.

A. a two weeks

B. a two weeks’

C. a two week’s

D. a two-weeks’

答案：1 - 5 C D D B D 6 - 10 A B C D B

课后练习

单项选择

1. John can play ______. And he can play _______ too.

A. the basketball; piano

B. basketball; the piano

C. the basketball; the piano

D. basketball; a piano

2. I couldn’t get much _______ of the exhibition of clean-energy products from the website.

A. news

B. photos

C. posters

D. advertisements

3. ______ mothers couldn’t go to the meeting because they have gone to Shanghai.

A. John and Peter’s

B. John and Peter

C. John’s and Peter’s

D. John’s and Peter

4. Take some _______ to school. It’s so hot and you may feel thirsty.

A. bread

B. juice

C. meat

D. noodles

5. We see many ______ and ______ on the hill.

A. sheeps; horses

B. sheep; horses

C. sheep; horse

D. sheeps; horse

6. There are ______ students playing on the playground.

A. a large amount of

B. a large quantity of

C. a great deal of

D. a number of

7. There is _______ milk and _______ apples in the fridge. Let’s get some.

A. little; a few

B. little; few

C. a little; few

D. a little; a few

8. John was busy with his work yesterday. He didn’t get ______.

A. much sleep

B. many sleep

C. much sleeps

D. more sleep

9. They had _______ climbing up to the top of the hill.

A. a good time

B. good time

C. the good time

D. good times

10. Look at the pair of shoes. They are my _______.

A. sisters B sisters’ C. sister’s D. sister

答案：1 - 5 B A C B B 6 - 10 D B A A C

用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。

1. He is one of the greatest _______. (football)

2. Teacher and parents often teach their children to be ______ to others. (friend)

3. The _______ between you and me will last for ever. (friend)

4. They short play was very _______. I laughed from beginning to end. (fun)

5. _______ food is very important to help our minds work properly. (health)

6. Tom is interested in the _______ stories. (history)

7. Grandpa is going to ______ his house and live with us. (sale)

8. The sportsman _______ in climbing to the top of the mountain yesterday. (success)

9. It’s ______ today. Let’s go swimming. (sun)

10. The police have caught several ________ in the past few weeks. (thief)

11. Shanghai government is taking actions to stop _______ the river. (pollution)

12. The Grand Canyon is famous for its beautiful _______. (scene)

13. There are some _______ in the reading room. (shelf)

14. My brother, Jim, has become a _______. He’s very busy every day. (law)

15. How many ______ of bread have you bought? (loaf)

16. Have you heard about ______ nurses? (man)

17. Many historical _______ will be shown on the National Day. (movie)

18. It is true that _______ food is good for our health. (nature)

19. Please write down your name, _______, address ad telephone number on the paper. (nation)

20. I got ______ in the comic books the first time I read it. (interest)

答案：1. footballers 2. friendly 3. friendship 4. funny 5. healthy 6. historical

7.sell 8. succeeded 9. sunny 10. thieves 11. polluting 12. scenery 13. shelves

https://www.360docs.net/doc/d717393041.html,wyer 15. loaves 16. men 17. movies 18. natural 19. nationality 20. Interested

中考中考英语总复习名词专题练习

中考中考英语总复习名词专题练习一、初中英语名词 1．——Canada is one of the largest______ in the world. ——That is, it is larger than ______ country in Asia. A. country; any other B. countries; any other C. countries; any 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:——加拿大是世界上最大的国家之一。——那就是，它比亚洲任何一个国家都大。one of the+最高级+名词复数，最……之一。根据结构及句意，故填countries。同一范围相比时不能自己和自己比较，所以用any other+名词单数;不同范围相比时可以和任意一个进行比较，所以用any+名词单数。加拿大不属于亚洲，所以填any，故选C。 2．（?徐州）My cousin works for an airline. He flies planes. He is __________. A. an inventor B. a scientist C. an explorer D. a pilot 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我的表弟在航空公司工作。他驾驶飞机。他是一名飞行员。an inventor一个发明家；a scientist一名科学家；an explorer一名探险员；a pilot一名飞行员。根据句意可知在航空公司上班，而且又驾驶飞机的，应是飞行员，故选D。【点评】此题考查关于职业的名词辨析，注意根据句意选择正确的职业。 3．（?黔南州）—There are a lot of ______ of bike riding. —I agree. It's good for environment and it saves money. A. products B. advantages C. instruments D. instructions 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：－骑车有许多好处。－我同意，对环境有好处而且省钱。A. products产品；B. advantages优点，好处；C. instruments乐器；D. instructions说明。有利于环境及省钱是骑车的优点、好处，故选B。【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析，以及. products；advantages；instruments；instructions。四个词的词义和用法。 4．—Whose jackets are these? —They said they are______. They lost them yesterday. A. Ours B. Li Lei and Li Tao's C. Li Lei′s and Li Tao's 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——这些是谁的夹克衫？——他们说是李雷和林涛的。他们昨天丢了。句中jackets是复数，说明夹克衫是李雷和林涛各自所有的，所以分别都要用所有

中考英语专题分类卷专题一名词

( )1. (2018 .安徽) -What is the _________ of your excellent spoken English? -Practice makes perfect ! A.result B. influence C. duty D. secret ( )2. (2018 .河北) Did you hear the ________? A scientist will visit our school. A.advice B. news C. praise D. choice ( )3. (2018 .江西)I live near a big ________. It gets very noisy on match days. A.hospital B. store C. bank D. playground ( )4. (2018 .山西) Reading the first _____ of each paragraph before you read the whole text helps you get the main idea quickly. A.letter

B. word C. sentence ( )5. (2018 .河南)-It's useless to regret what has been done. Don't make those mistakes again. -I won't. That's a( n)_______ . A.order B. decision C. promise D. agreement ( ) 6. (2018 .海南) David likes taking photos,so his father bought him a_______last week. A.camera B. dictionary C. bicycle ( )7. (2018 .福建)-I don't know how to use the App Fun Dubbin. -Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of _______ in doing it. A.experience B. trouble C. courage ( )8. (2018 .天津)Her smile made me feel warm and lively. It was like a hidden______. A. Competition B. interview

【英语】中考英语名词专项训练及答案含解析

【英语】中考英语名词专项训练及答案含解析一、初中英语名词 1．（?重庆） It's cold today. Take your with you when you go out. A. knife B. coat C. brush D. key 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天天气冷，当你出去的时候，请带上你的外衣。A. knife 小刀； B. coat外衣； C. brush 刷子； D. key钥匙。根据It’s cold today.可知，这里指的是出去带着外衣，故选B。 2．—Mom, I will eat less fast food this year, believe me. —If you make a , you must keep it. A. joke B. noise C. mistake D. promise 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意：-妈妈，我今年将会少吃快餐，相信我。-如果你许下诺言，你就必须坚持它。Joke笑话；noise吵闹；mistake错误；promise诺言。结合语境，所以选D。 3．—The last bus has left. What should we do? —Let's take a taxi. We have no other ______ now. A. choice B. reason C. habit 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：－末班车离开了。我们应该怎么办呢？－我们坐出租车吧。我们现在没有其他的选择了。A. choice选择；B. reason理由；C. habit习惯。没公交了，只有坐出租车这条选择，没有别的选择了。故选A。【点评】此题考查名词的辨析。 4．Upstairs are bedrooms. They are tidy and nice. But are in a mess. A. Lily's and Lucy's; our B. Lily's and Lucy's; ours C. Lily's and Lucy; ours D. Lily and Lucy's; our 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：楼上是利莉莉的和露西的卧室，他们整洁又好看，但是我们的一团糟。根据they，可知莉莉和露西每人有一个卧室，因此两个词都应使用所有格，故排除CD；第二空后面没有名词出现，应使用名词性物主代词，ours，我们的，故答案是B。【点评】考查名词所有格和名词性物主代词，注意当两个人分别拥有某个东西时，两个词都应使用所有格形式，如果物主代词后没有名词出现，应使用名词性物主代词。

中考英语专题名词练习含答案

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