林肯在葛底斯堡的演说中英对照
2019年春九年级语文下册第四单元12演讲词二篇《在葛底斯堡的演说》中英原文阅读素材语文版
Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address(on Nov.19,1863)Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.We are met on a great battle field of the war. We have come to dedicate a portion of the field as the final resting-place of those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But , in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow, this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our power to add or to detract.The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.It is for us, the living, rather, to be dedicated here, to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us: that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they here gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain; that the nation shall. under God, have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.美国总统林肯葛底斯堡演讲词八十七年前，我们的先辈们在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生来平等的原则。
林肯的名篇演讲《葛底斯堡演说》（...
林肯的名篇演讲《葛底斯堡演说》（Lincoln's famous speechGettysburg Address）Gettysburg Address Gettysburg Address(English: Gettysburg Address) is Abraham Lincoln's most famous speech, but also in the history of the United States cited the most political speeches. In November 19, 1863, during the American Civil War Battle of Gettysburg after four and a half months, Lincoln in Gettysburg Pennsylvania's Gettysburg National Cemetery (Gettysburg National Cemetery) published the speech is unveiling, mourn in 5 and a half months of the battle of Gettysburg soldiers. Lincoln's speech was exquisite and thorough, and later became one of the greatest speeches in American history.historical backgroundThe ceremony went on with Gettysburg's Gettysburg AddressLincoln's Gettysburg AddressFive different manuscriptsRaw materials and responses at the timeThe theme and text analysisMarketplace legendGettysburg Address in popular cultureAbout Chinese TranslationEnglish textHistorical background Lincoln, surname, man name. Often referred to as Abraham Lincoln, the sixteenth president of the United states. He led the American Civil War, issued a "Declaration of the liberation of black slaves", maintained the federal unified, paved the way for the United States to become the world's leading industrial power in nineteenth Century, the United States entered a golden age of economic development, known as "the great liberator". Federal troops killed, Timothy, Europe, Sullivan, federal killed, Timothy Europe Sullivan photoThe battle of Gettysburg (July 1, 1863 - 3) revolutionized the town of gettysburg. On the battlefield, Mark's allies and the federal army of the army of northern Virginia both left more than seven thousand soldiers, the remains of thousands of horses with bones, solemn and orderly to bury the dead as thousands of local residents priority. The stench of rotting corpses caused much of the town's population to kick up after a week of fighting. Finally, in the 32 year old wealthy attorney David Wells (David Wills) under the direction of the state of Pennsylvania purchased 17 acres (69000 square meters) of the land as a cemetery, buried in the sun that these souls of the aftermath of battle. Wells was originally scheduled for September 23, 1863 on Wednesday dedicated this graveyard, and invited the Secretary of state Edward Alfred, several federal senators and representatives, Massachusetts governor, andPresident of Harvard University as a speaker. Everett was the country's most famous orator, famous. His reply to Wells and the funeral Committee, due to time constraints, not suitable for ready speech, will delay the date. With the approval of the committee, the opening ceremony is postponed until Thursday, November 19th. Wells and the funeral committee is almost an afterthought invited Lincoln to participate in opening ceremony. Wells's letter said, "please excuse me to dare, after his speech to the executive heads of the statue, to give appropriate notice, make the soil here for official treatment, Tim was sacred." Lincoln ranked second in his speech order, similar to the tradition of inviting guests to the ribbon cutting ceremony at the opening ceremony. Lincoln took the train arrived in November 18th to visit Wells at Gettysburg, the Gettysburg town square house, and the final touches to the written speech in washington. Different from the short stories is that Lincoln prepared speeches on the train was not written on the back of the envelope. At 9:30 on the morning of November 19th, Lincoln rode a horse chestnut jujube, join into play a long list of officials and dignitaries, ordinary people and soldiers in position between the widow, Secretary of state William Shivad and finance minister Salmon Chase. It is estimated that about fifteen thousand to twenty thousand people to participate in the ceremony, to include the 24 in the six federal state governors: Pennsylvania Andrew Greg Curtin (Andrew Gregg Curtin), Maryland Augustus Bradford (Augustus Bradford), Indiana Oliver Morton (Oliver P.Morton), New York Horatio Seymour (Horatio Seymour), New Jersey, Jo Parker (Joel Parker), and the state of Ohio, David Todd (David Tod). The exact sequence of events in the [6] is stillcontroversial. [7] will be buried in the tomb of the battlefield cemetery unearthed the body buried in heavy work, in a few months after the battle started in the opening day, and only completed less than half. The ceremony and Everett's "Gettysburg Address" [natrascorb Edward Avery in Lincoln's commentary on Lincoln's speech before Edward Avery a speech beforeThe arrangement of ceremony arranged by Wells and the funeral committee are as follows: - Music - Berg Field band (Birgfield's Band) - Prayer - Dr. Stark Don (T.H. Stockton, D.D) - Music - Marine Band (Marine Band) - Speech - Sir Edward Alfred (Hon. Edward Everett) - music by the French composer. The Hymn (Hymn composed by B.B. French, Esq) - Speech - President of United States of America - by - elegy for the occasion featured Chorus & blessing - Pastor Bauer Dr. (H.L. Baugher, D.D.) on the same day as "a short speech at Gettysburg" not president Lincoln, but Everett for up to two hours speech. Everett the now rare 13609 words: "this is the beginning of a speech from the sky, and died in their own fields, quiet work, great Aergenni towering mountains, hidden towards me, and all the comrades of the foot rest; in my humble voice breaking silence of God moving, the real sense of hesitation. But you have called it without unloading the Boyle words of compassion, should I pray. " "Standing beneath this serene sky, overlooking these broad fields now reposing from the labors of the waning year, the mighty Alleghenies dimly towering before us, the graves of our brethren beneath our feet, it is with hesitation that I raise my poor voice to break the eloquent silence of God and Nature. But the duty to which you have called me must be performed grant I pray; me, you, your indulgence and your sympathy." in the twohours after the knot: "so I believe, will join us in saying, a total of intrinsic martyrs bones: throughout the world has been civilized, who told the illustrious feats. At the end of and the Messenger, in our common country, brilliant history, no other than the battle of Gettysburg page is more brilliant." "But they, I am sure, will join us in saying, as we bid farewell to the dust of these martyr-heroes, that wheresoever throughout the civilized world the accounts of this great warfare are read, and down to the latest period of recorded time, in the glorious annals of our common country, there will be no brighter page than that which relates The Battles of Gettysburg." Lincoln's Gettysburg Address [natrascorb introduction in the audience's praise after Lincoln in Kentucky he spoke two cavity tapering to three minutes. Lincoln's adaptation of Abraham Lincoln speech, Abraham Lincoln speechCut to ten words essay "272 words in this civil war, countries in this tough role again in the war, and the impact of this idea: regardless of the federal army or the Confederacy, Gettysburg Memorial no sacrifice in vain.Although this speech in history, the scholars of the wording was just really disagree; transcription of the news reports, even the number of copies of a copy of the manuscript was, its wording, punctuation, and structure are mutual differences. In many versions, "the Bilisi" (Bliss Copy) has become the standard. This is only a Lincoln signed version, also known by its final version written by: (following this in English version) an eighties and seven years ago our ancestors was on this continent, a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to all men are created equal this belief. Two.Eighty-seven years ago, our fathers created a new nation on this land, founded on the conviction of liberty, and on the belief that all men are created equal. [note] father should avoid a blood related association here. At that time, especially in politics, there was no concept of equality between men and women, men means men, and not white men. In order to be faithful, one should not regard it as a general term for human beings Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. And we will dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who gave their lives that the nation could live. This is perfectly proper and proper, which we ought to do. Now we are engaged in a great civil war testing whether, that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. but, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate we can not hallow this ground up, cannot achieve. This group of brave, regardless of life and death, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. The world has not paid attention to it, nor has it long been remembered that it is what it says, but he will never forget what he is doing. We should be living, of course, they gave the great devotion to the unfinished business. We hereby present is dedicated to the great task of the dead we shoulder the ultimate sacrifice, we hereby promisedead shall not have died in vain, that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- the government of the people by the people and for the people when free to fall. But in, a larger sense, we can not dedicate we can not consecrate we can not hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather to, be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced.我们应该献身于留在我们面前的伟大任务——我们要从这些光荣的死者身上汲取更多的献身精神，引起了他们的奉献的最后一个完整的措施，我们在这里高度的决心，不让这些死者白白牺牲，这个国家在上帝的保佑下，必新生的自由和人民的政府，由人民，为人民，将永远不会从地球上消失。
《葛底斯堡演讲》三个中文译本的对比分析
《葛底斯堡演讲》三个中文译本的对比分析葛底斯堡演讲是美国历史上最为人们所熟知的演讲之一。
1863年11月19日下午,林肯在葛底斯堡国家烈士公墓的落成仪式上发表献词。
该公墓是用以掩埋并缅怀4个半月前在葛底斯堡战役中牺牲的烈士。
林肯是当天的第二位演讲者,经过废寝忘食地精心准备,该演讲语言庄严凝练,内容激昂奋进。
在不足三分钟的演讲里,林肯通过引用了美国独立宣言中所倡导的人权平等,赋予了美国内战全新的内涵,内战并不仅是为了盟军而战,更是为了“自由的新生(anewbirthoffreedom)”而战,并号召人们不要让鲜血白流,要继续逝者未竞的事业。
林肯的《葛底斯堡演讲》成功地征服了人们,历经多年仍被推崇为举世闻名的演说典范。
一、葛底斯堡演说的创作背景1.葛底斯堡演说的创作背景1863年7月1日葛底斯堡战役打响了。
战火持续了三天,战况无比惨烈,16万多名士兵在该战役中失去了生命。
这场战役后来成为了美国南北战争的一个转折点。
而对于这个位于宾夕法尼亚州,人口仅2400人的葛底斯堡小镇,这场战争也带来了巨大的影响――战争遗留下来的士兵尸体多达7500具,战马的尸体几千具,在7月闷热潮湿的空气里,腐化在迅速的蔓延。
能让逝者尽快入土为安,成为该小镇几千户居民的当务之急。
小镇本打算购买一片土地用以兴建公墓掩埋战死的士兵,然后再向家属索要丧葬费。
然而当地一位富有的律师威尔斯(DavidWills)提出了反对意见,并立即写信给宾夕法尼亚州的州长,提议由他本人出资资助该公墓的兴建,该请求获得了批准。
威尔斯本打算在10月23日邀请当时哈佛大学的校长爱德华(EdwardEverett)来发表献词。
爱德华是当时一名享有盛誉的著名演讲者。
爱德华回信告知威尔斯,说他无法在那么短的时间之内准备好演讲,并要求延期。
因此,威尔斯便将公墓落成仪式延期至该年的11月19日。
相比较威尔斯对爱德华的盛情邀请,林肯接到的邀请显然就怠慢很多了。
首先,林肯是在公墓落成仪式前17天才收到邀请。
Gettysburg-Address-葛底斯堡演说原文及译文
Gettysburg-Address-葛底斯堡演说原文及译文AbrahamLincolnFourscoreandsevenyearsago,ourfathersbroughtforthuponthiscont inentanewnation,conceivedinlibertyanddedicatedtothepropositionth atallmenarecreatedequal.But,inalargersense,wecannotdedicate,wecannotconsecrate,wecan nothallowthisground.Thebravemen,livinganddead,whostruggledhere,h aveconsecrateditfaraboveourpoorpowertoaddordetract.Theworldwilll ittlenotenorlongrememberwhatwesayhere,butitcanneverforgetwhatthe ydidhere.Itisforus,theliving,rather,tobededicatedheretotheunfini shedworkwhichtheywhofoughtherehavethusfarsonoblyadvanced.Itisrat herforustobeherededicatedtothegreattaskremainingbeforeus---thatfromthesehonoreddeadwetakeincreaseddevotiontothatcauseforwhi chtheygavethelastfullmeasureofdevotion;thatweherehighlyresolveth atthesedeadshallnothavediedinvain;thatthisnation,underGod,shallh aveanewbirthoffreedom;andthatgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeople,a ndforthepeople,shallnotperishfromtheearth.葛底斯堡演说亚伯拉罕·林肯87年前，我们的先辈们在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生来平等的原则。
葛底斯堡演说,林肯葛底斯堡演说稿全文中英双语
葛底斯堡演说,林肯葛底斯堡演说稿全文中英双语----WORD文档，下载后可编辑修改----《葛底斯堡演说》(英文:Gettysburg Address)是亚伯拉罕·林肯最著名的演说，也是美国历史上为人引用最多之政治性演说。
在1863年11月19日，正值美国内战中葛底斯堡战役结束后四个半月，林肯在宾夕法尼亚州葛底斯堡的葛底斯堡国家公墓(Gettysburg National Cemetery)揭幕式中发表是之演说，哀悼在长达5个半月的葛底斯堡之役中阵亡的将士。
林肯的演讲修辞细腻周密，其后成为美国历史上最伟大的演说之一。
林肯的讲话是极简短、极朴素的。
这往往使那些滔滔不绝的讲演家大瞧不起。
葛底斯堡战役后，决定为死难烈士举行盛大葬礼。
掩葬委员会发给总统一张普通的请帖，他们以为他是不会来的，但林肯答应了。
既然总统来，那一定要讲演的，但他们已经请了著名演说家艾佛瑞特来做这件事，因此，他们又给林肯写了信，说在艾佛瑞特演说完毕之后，他们希望他“随便讲几句适当的话”。
这是一个侮辱，但林肯平静地接受了。
两星期内，他在穿衣、刮脸、吃点心时也想着怎样演说。
演说稿改了两三次，他仍不满意。
到了葬礼的前一天晚上，还在做最后的修改，然后半夜找到他的同僚高声朗诵。
走进会场时，他骑在马上仍把头低到胸前默想着演说辞。
那位艾佛瑞特讲演了两个多小时，将近结束时，林肯不安地掏出旧式眼镜，又一次看他的讲稿。
他的演说开始了，一位记者支上三角架准备拍摄照片，等一切就绪的时候，林肯已走下讲台。
这段时间只有两分钟，而掌声却持续了10分钟。
后人给以极高评价的那份演说辞，在今天译成中文，也不过400字。
林肯的这篇演说是演说史上著名的篇章，其思想的深刻，行文的严谨，语言的冼练，确实是不愧彪炳青史的大手笔。
***********************************GETTYSBURG ADDRESS Abraham Lincoln Delivered on the 19th Day of November, 1863 Cemetery Hill,Gettysburg, PennsylvaniaFour score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate -- we can not consecrate -- we can not hallow -- this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, farabove our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.葛底斯堡演说亚伯拉罕·林肯，1863年11月19日87年前，我们的先辈们在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生来平等的原则。
葛底斯堡演说中英对照全文
葛底斯堡演说中英对照全文Four score [skɔ:]二十and seven years ago our fathers祖先,先辈brought(bring) forth产生,造就on this continent大陆['kɔntinənt], a new nation ['neiʃən]国家, conceived(conceive [kən'si:v]构思,设想,持有,怀有…理念) in Liberty自由, 自主, and dedicated (dedicate ['dedikeit]) to致力于; 献身于the proposition [.prɔpə'ziʃən]见解,主张,观点that all men are created(create [kri'eit]创造,创作,创建) equal ['i:kwəl]平等的.Now we are engaged [in'geidʒd] in正忙于,正着手于,正做着a great civil ['sivil]国内的，国民间的war, testing(test考验；检验) whether that nation, or any nation so conceived(conceive[kən'si:v]构想,设想,怀有…理念) and so dedicated ['dedi.keitid]献身於某事物的; 专心致志的, can long endure [in'djuə]继续存在,持续;持久. We are met(meet相遇) on a great battle field战场; 阵地of that war. We have come to dedicate ['dedikeit]把…奉献给a portion[‘pɔ:ʃən] of一部分; 一份that field, as a final最终的；最后的resting place休息处，休息所for those who here gave献出；牺牲their lives ,(so) that that nation might live. It is altogether彻底地,完全地,整个地fitting适合的,适宜的;适当的;相称的and proper ['prɔpə]适宜的；合适的；适当的；恰当的,符合习俗（或体统）的；正当的that we should do this. But, in a larger sense [sens]含义,意义,意思, we can not dedicate以…供奉给—we can not consecrate ['kɔnsi.kreit]使圣化,把…奉为神圣—we can not hallow ['hæləu]使成为神圣,把…奉为神圣—this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled斗争,抗争,抵抗here, have consecrated it, far above远远超过our poor power to add or detract[di’trækt]毁损,贬低,减损,抹杀. The world willlittle note注意, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is (necessary)for us the living活着的人, rather有些;颇为;相当, to(=It is rather necessary for us to,It is adj for sb to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是怎么样的) be dedicated here to(be dedicated to致力于,献身于) the unfinished work which they who fought (fight打仗；战斗；作战)here have thus far迄今为止so nobly ['nəubli]崇高地,高尚地advanced (advance促进；推动,向前推). It is rather (necessary) for us to be here dedicated to the great task任务,工作remaining(remain剩下,余留,留待) before us — that from 由于,因为these honored ['ɔnəd]光荣的,荣幸的dead先烈we take使用,需要,花费increased [in'kri:st]更多的,增加的,增多的,增强的devotion[di'vəuʃən]献身，奉献to that cause [kɔ:z]事业;追求;目标;理想for which they gave the last full measure ['meʒə]度量,程度,尺度of devotion [di'vəuʃən]献身;奉献(终极之奉献,最后一次全力以赴,鞠躬尽瘁死而后已) — that we here highly高度地,高标准地resolve [ri'zɔlv]作出决定,下定决心that these dead shall not have died in vain[vein]徒劳的,枉然的,无结果的,无用的,无效的— that this nation, under God上帝的保佑下, shall have a new birth新生;重生of freedom自由,自主— and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish [‘periʃ]消亡,毁灭,被摧毁from the earth(与世长存,永世长存).注：Of the people, By the people, For the people，即民有、民治、民享，即为人民所拥有的，被人民所选出的，为人民而服务的。
林肯格里斯堡演讲(中英)
林肯格里斯堡演讲（中英）The Gettysburg AddressGettysburg, PennsylvaniaNovember 19, 1863Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate -- we can not consecrate -- we can not hallow -- this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.87年以前，我们的先辈们在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生来平等的原则。
英语演讲原文：The Gettysburg Address
The Gettysburg Address背景知识美国在1776年独立，脱离英国的管治，不足一百年间，已发展成一个超级大国。
由于国土辽阔，南北之间的分歧亦大。
美国北方依靠工商业，要求提高关税以保护他们产品的市场；南方依靠农业，需要自由贸易制度，以便他们的棉花、烟草和大米卖到欧洲各国。
但双方更大的分歧在于是否解放黑奴。
1860年，林肯(Abraham Lincoln) 当选美国总统，尽管南方人也认同林肯的看法，奴隶制最终要从地球上消失，但黑奴种植棉花为他们带来经济繁荣，他们害怕改变。
南方炮兵于1861年4月12日首先开火，美国开始了持续四年的内战。
内战的其中一次主要战役，发生于首都华盛顿附近的盖提斯堡，林肯总统在纪念阵亡士兵的仪式上，向在场的一万人发表了著名的「盖提斯堡演说」(Gettysburg Address)，鼓励人民为人人平等的民主原则而战，时维1863年11月19日。
林肯在1865年3月第二度当选美国总统，六个星期后，他在剧院遇刺，一颗子弹射穿他的大脑，他倒下了。
这一年，林肯56岁。
林肯不仅是美国史上最伟大的总统，而且是伟大的演说家，他的演说充满魅力，文采精炼，是传世的文学作品。
演讲原文The Gettysburg Address Abraham Lincoln 19 November1863Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth 1 on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated 2 to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whetherthat nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war.We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fit and proper that we should do this.But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate - we cannot consecrate 3 - we cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated 4 it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us, the living, rather,to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather forus to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us- that from these honored dead we take increased devotionto that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion - that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain - that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom - and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from this earth.解说：想学好英文，不外乎几个途径--多听、多讲和多写。
[美文赏析]林肯葛底斯堡演说赏析,英文演讲最高典范!
Address at Gettysburg葛底斯堡演说Abraham Lincoln亚伯拉罕•林肯Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.87年前，我们的先辈们在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生来平等的原那么。
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived, and so dedicated, can long endure.现在我们正从事一场伟大的内战，以考验这个国家，或者任何一个孕育于自由和奉行上述原那么的国家是否能够长久存在下去。
We are met on a great battle field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.我们在这场战争中的一个伟大战场上集会。
烈士们为使这个国家能够生存下去而献出了自己的生命，我们来到这里，是要把这个战场的一局部奉献给他们作为最后安息之所。
我们这样做是完全应该而且是非常恰当的。
But in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate一we cannot consecrate一we cannot hallow this ground. 但是，从更广泛的意义上来说，这块土地我们不能够奉献，不能够圣化，不能够神化。
林肯演讲词翻译赏析
contents
• • • • Background Main Idea Words and Expressions Appreciation and Analysis on Some Sentences • Comparisons of Some Translation Versions
Background
Background
• 1860年林肯在当选美国第十六任总统后，由于其废奴 主义倾向，南方各州相继宣布脱离联邦，内战爆发， 林肯总统领导人民对南方叛军作战。 • 1863年7月3日，联邦军在宾夕法尼亚州葛底斯堡的胜 利着美国内战的关键转折点。葛底斯堡战役是一场流 血最多的战争，联邦军共损失23000多人。四个月后 林肯总统到葛底斯保战场，为这场伟大战役的阵亡将 士墓举行落成仪式 (the inauguration ceremony) 。 • 这篇演说是在1863年11月19日发表的。
Appreciation
• We cannot dedicate-we cannot consecrate –we cannot hallow-this ground. The brave men living and dead ,who struggled here, have consecrated it ,far above our poor power to add or detract. • 我们是不能奉献，不能圣化，也不能神化这片土地的，因为那些 曾经在这里战斗过的人们，活着的和死去的人们，已经圣化了这 片土地，他们所做的远非我们的微薄之力所能抑扬。 • consecrate [‘kɒnsɪkreɪt]奉献;使神圣 dedicate • He consecrated his life to helping the poor. • hallow :dedicate 视为神圣 I cannot hallow the book. • Detract:diminish毁损，贬低 The defect detracts greatly from the value of the vase.
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林肯在葛底斯堡的演说（中英对照）
Lincoln' s Gettysburg Address
(on Nov. 19,1863)
Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men arc created equal・
Now we arc engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure・
We arc met on a great battle field of the war. We have come to dedicate a portion of the field as the final resting-place of those who here gave their lives that that nation might live・
It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
But、in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow, this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who strug^cd here, have consecrated it, far above our power to add or to detract.
The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never fbrgct what they did her 匕
It is for us, the living, rather, to be dedicated here, to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced・ It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task
remaining before us: that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they here gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain; that the nation sha 11. undur God, have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
美国总统林肯葛底斯堡演讲词
八十七年前，我们的先辈们在辻个大陆上创立了一个新国家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行
一切人生来平等的原则。
现在我们正从事一场伟大的内战，以寿脸这个国家，或者说以老验任何一个孕育于自由
而奉行上述原则的国家是否能够长久存在下去。
我们在这场战争中的一个伟大战场上集会。
烈士们为使这个国家能够生存下去而献出了
自己的生命，我们在此集会是为了把这个战场的一部分奉献给他们作为最后安息之所。
我们这样做是完全应该而且非常恰当的
但是，从更广泛的意义上来说，这块土地我们不能够奉献，我们不能够圣化，我们不能
够神化。
曾经在这里战斗过的勇士们，活着的和去世的，巳经把这块土地神圣化了，这远不是我们微薄的力量所能增减的。
全世界将很少注意到，也不会长期地记起我们今天在迂里所说的话，但全世界永远不会忘记勇士们在这里做过的事。
勿宁说，倒是我们这些还活着的人，应该在这里把自己奉献于勇士们巳经如此崇高地向前推进但尚未完成的事业。
倒是我们应该在迂里把自己奉献于仍然留在我们面前的伟大任务，以便使我们从这些光荣的死者身上汲取更多的奉献精神，来完成他们巳经完全彻底为
here have thus far so nobly advanced・ It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task
之献身的事业；以便使我们在这里下定最大的决心，不让这些死者们白白牺牲；以便使国家在上帝幅佑下得到自由的新生，并且使这个民有、民治、民享的政府永世长存。
八十七年前，我们的先辈们在这个大陆上建立了一个以自由为理想、以人人平等为宗旨的新国家。
现在我们正进行一场大内战，琴脸这个国家或任何一个主张自由平等的国家能否长久存在。
我们在这场战争中的一个大战场上集会，来把战场的一角献给为国家生存而牺牲的烈士，作为他们永久安息之地，这是我们义不容辞、理所当然该做的事。
但是，从更深刻的意义来说，我们不能使这一角战场成为圣地，我们不能使它流芳百世, 我们不能使它永垂青史。
因为在这里战斗过的勇士们，活着的和死去的，巳经便这一角战场神圣化了，我们微薄的力量远远不能使它増光，或者使之减色。
世人不太会注意、也不会长久记住我们在这里说的话，但是永远不会忘记他们在迂里做的事。
因此，我们活着的人更应该献身于他们为之战斗并且便之前进的未竟事业。
我们更应该献身于是我们面前的伟大任务，更应该不断向这些光荣牺牲的烈士学习，学习他们为事业鞠躬尽瘁、死而后巳的献身精神，更应该在这里下定决心，一定不让这些烈士的鲜血白流；这个国家在上帝的保佑下，一定要得到自由和新生，这个民有、民治、民享的政府一定不能从地球上消失。
上面两个中译本，前一个不能把原文的节奏感反映出来，没能体现原文精炼的语言和感召力，不象原文那个简明扼要、锂锵有力的演说词，后一个学究气太重，离忠于原文有点距离。
范仲英编著的《实用翻译教程》（外语教语与研究出版社1994年6月版）第38至第39 页有一段针对第一篇译文的批评文宇，不妨抄录于此：
又如林肯《葛底斯堡演说》最后一句：
....... and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the ciirth.
原译：并且便这个民有、民泊、民辜的政府永世长存。
有人认为，把of the people, by the people, for the people译成"民有、民治、民享”简洁有力又符合汉语习惯，奉为f圭译。
但我们认为，如果原作是一篇书面文章，这种译法无懈可击，堪称上乘。
但原作是一篇用口头表达的演说词。
原作中of the people, by the people, for the people 迂几个重叠词，念起来琅琅上口，听起来铿锵有力，而且简单明白易懂。
而“民有、民治、民享”则完全是书面语言。
若用口头表达出来，让成千上万与会者听起来，就不易听懂，或虽然听懂了也印象不深，效果不免大为逊色
o胡毅教授针对上述缺点，把《葛底斯堡演说》重译了一遍,
这句译文如下:
改译：要使这个归人民所有，由人民管理，为人民办事的政权在世界上永远存在。
（胡毅）”
其实，胡毅的改译也不精当。
Govcrnmcm怎能译成“政权”。
上面两个中译本中最大的
败笔并不在于上面指出的那点，而在于最后一句英语里fact后由四个that引导的同位语从句没能译出来，从句中表示决心的三个情态动词shall也没能译好，所以译文远远没有原文的感召力和节奏感。
笔者把整篇重译如下，以飨读者：
林肯在葛底斯堡的演说
八十七年前，我们的父辈在这块大陆上创建了一个新的国家。
这个新的国家在自由中孕育，信奉人人生而平等的主张。
现在我们正在从事伟大的国内战争，来誇验这个国家，或任何在自由中孕育，信奉人人
生而平等的主张的国家，能否长久存在下去。
我们今天相聚在这场战争的一个伟大的战场上。
我们相聚在这里是为了把这伟大战场的
一部分奉献给那些为了我们国家的生存而献出了生命的烈士们作为最后的安息地。
我们这样做完全是合情合理的。
但在更广泛的意义上来说，我们不能奉献这块土地，我们不能使迂块土地神圣，我们不
能便这块土地光耀。
那些勇敢的人们，那些曾经在这里战斗过的，活着和死去的人们，
巳经使这块土地神圣了，远非我们所能增加或减少。
世界不大会注意，也不会永久记住
我们今天在这里所说的话，但世界决不能忘记他们在这里所做过的事情。
我们这些活着的人，倒是应该在这里献身于他们长久以来如此高尚地推进的，尚未完成的工作。
我们倒是应该在这里献身于留在我们面前的伟大任务：那就是继承这些光荣的先烈，对他们在这里作出最后全部贡献的事业，作出我们进一步的贡献；那就是我们在这里狠下决心，决不让这些先烈的死成为白白的牺牲；那就是我们的国家一定要在上帝底下获得新的自由；那就是决不让人民的政府，人民选举的政府，为了人民的政府从地球上消亡。