科技英语练习及答案

一、科技英语句子的修辞令修改以下句子:令 1. The total area under natural protection reaches 19330 hectares, and which account for 2.01% of the total area of China.令 2. The boil point of the solution is higher than any of its separate components.令 3. Using triethanolamine ( 三乙醇胺 ) as absorption solution to capture various air pollutants simultaneously inone sample, it’sabsorptionefficiency ishigh.令 4. Chinese traditional herbal medicine takes a high proportion on the pharmaceutical market and are being more and more emphasized, so that the supply is smaller than the demand.令 5. Some microorganisms can survive under extreme environments, for example, a lot of microorganisms were found in sea and saline lakes.令 6. That happened later indicated that this endothermic reaction may alleviate the breakage of a filament due to denitrogenation during thecarbonization stage. (随后发生的现象表明，该吸热反应可能会减缓由碳化阶段的脱氮反应所引起的细小纤维的断裂。

)答案：令 1.改为：The total area under natural protection reaches 19330 hectares, which accounts for …令/ …, representing 2.01% of the territorial area of China.令/…, being 2.01% of the territorial area of China.令 2. The boil point of the solution is higher than that of any of its separate components.令 3. 悬垂修饰语错误。

改为 By using triethanolamine ( 三乙醇胺) as absorption solution to capture various air pollutants simultaneously in one sample, higher absorption efficiency can be obtained.令 4. 此句犯有用词不当，主谓不一致等错误，可改为 Chinese traditional herbal medicine takes a large proportion in the pharmaceutical market, which is still growing, leading to the situation that its supply falls short of demand.二、被动态令 5. survive 为及物动词，后面的 under 可以去掉。

或者把 survive 改为 live。

令 6.句首的that 应该改为 what。

that 和 what 都能引导名词性从句，但前者只起连接词的作用，而后者再从句中作主语，二者不能互换。

二、被动态令翻译下面具有被动态特征的句子：令 1.对待检流感病毒样品进行了逆转录和扩增、荧光标记、杂交和扫描分析。

( reverse transcription, amplification, fluorescent dye labeling, hybridization and scanning) 。

令 2.所有含氯氟烃 ( CFCs ) 或类似物质的产品必须一律贴上标签，而且禁止使用一切消耗臭氧的非必需品。

令 3.风速是用米 /秒来表示的。

令 4.这种肺炎是由病毒和真菌引起的。

令 5.虽然病原体 ( pathogens)表现出惊人的对抗主体防御的能力，但是它们之间的斗争可以看做是一场无休无止的军备竞赛。

令 6.因此，这种机制可理解为变构调节 ( allosteric regulation ) 。

令 7.人的免疫系统 (innate immune system) 一直被认为是低“技术含量的免疫系统”。

直到现在我们才理解先天免疫力具有重要的分子特性。

令 8.目前已分离出的 H5N1 病毒是否保留了这个特性还有待证实。

令 9.据估计，人的疾病有 40%是由细菌感染引起的。

令 10.他们声称这种 DNA 聚合酶(DNA polymerase)的持续合成能力(processivity) 的提高使反应时间大大缩短。

(allow)答案：令 1. Influenza virus sample was treatedfor reverse transcription, amplification, fluorescent dye labeling, hybridization and scanning.令 2. Warning labels must be placed on all products containing CFCs or similar substances and non-essential uses of ozone-depleting products are prohibited.令 3. The speed of wind is expressed in meters by second.令 4. This kind of pneumonia is caused by viruses and fungi.令 5. Although pathogens display a remarkable ability to outmaneuver host defenses, this struggle has been described as a never –ending arms race.令 6.This mechanism could therefore be interpreted as an allosteric regulation.令 7.The innate immune system had always been viewed as the “low -tech immune system”. Only now do we understand that innate immunity has significant molecular specifity.令 8. Whether currently isolated H5N1 viruses have retained this property remains to be determined/ seen/analyzed.令 9. It was estimated that forty percent of humandiseases are the result ofinfection by bacteria.令 10. They claimed that the increased processivity of this DNA polymerase allows reaction times to be reduced.三、令一、用分词或分词短语翻译划线部分。

令 (1) 氢是已知元素中最轻的。

令 Hydrogen is the lightest element ___________.令 (2) 这个问题一直没有得到解答。

令 The question remains ___________________.令 (3) 晶体管体积小、重量轻，优于真空管。

令 ___________, transistors have advantages over vacuum tubes.令 (4) 速度等于距离除以时间。

令 Speed equals distance ____________.令 (5) 电压等于电流乘以电阻。

令 Voltage equals current_____________.令 (6) 这个力很小，可以忽略不计。

令 __________, this force can be neglected.令 (7) 若用公式来表示,欧姆定律可写成 V=IR 。

令 ________, Ohm’s law can be written as V=IR.令 (8) 水能和许多物质结合形成水合物。

令 Water combines with many other substances, _____________.令 (9) 空气阻力随速度的增加而增加。

令 The resistance of air increases _____________.令 (10) 我们还比较了先前报道的有关金星的研究成果。

令 Comparisons are also made _______________.答案：令 (1) Hydrogen is the lightest element known.令 (2) The question remains unanswered.令 (3) Being small in size and light in weight, transistors have advantages over vacuum tubes.令 (4) Speed equals distance divided by time.令 (5) Voltage equals current multiplied by resistance.令 (6) Being very small, this force can be neglected.令 (7) Expressed in a formula , Ohm’s law can be written as V=IR.令 (8) Water combines withmany other substances, therefore forminghydrate.令 (9) The resistance of air increases with the increased/increasing speed.令 (10) Comparisons are also made with results previously reported for Venus.二、将下面含有多种动词非谓语形式的段落翻译成汉语令 Bluetooth can connect up to eight devices simultaneously. With all of thosedevices inthe same 10-meter radius , youmight think they’d interfere withon e another, but it’s unlikely. Bluetooth uses a technique called spread-spectrum frequency hopping that makes it rare for more than one device to be transmittingon the same frequency at the same time. In this technique, a device will use 79individual , randomly chosen frequencies within a designated range, changing from one to another on a regular basis. In the case of Bluetooth, the transmitterschange frequencies 1600 times every second, meaning that more devices can make full use of a limited slice of the radio spectrum. Since every Bluetooth transmitter uses spread-spectrum transmitting automatically, it’s unlikely that two transmitters will be on the same frequency at the same time. This same technique minimizes the risk that portable phones or baby monitor will disrupt Bluetooth devices, since any interference on a particular frequency will last only a tiny fraction of a second.答案：蓝牙可以同时与八个装置连接，所有这些装置都放在半径 10 米的空间内，你也许以为它们会互相干扰，但其实不会，这是因为蓝牙利用一种所谓展频跳频技术，这项技术使蓝牙很少出现多个装置同时用相同频率发送信号的情况。