初三英语暑假班讲义(鲁教) (八)

初四英语周末班讲义（鲁教）(八) 短语大集合：1. at the bottom of the river在河床底部2. at the top of the food chain处于食物链的顶端3. fill the air with black smoke使空气中充满了黑烟4. be full of the rubbish充满了垃圾5. play a part in cleaning it up尽一份力把它清理干净6. develop laws 建全法律7. make a difference产生影响8. cut down air pollution减少空气污染9. in the last 20 to 30 years在最近的20到30年间10. not only…but also…不仅…而且…11. pull…down拆下12. put sth to good use 好好利用13. throw away 扔掉14. take part in 参加15. recycle books and paper 回收书和废纸16. can’t afford to do sth 负担不起做某事17. take action 采取行动18. turn off 关掉19. pay for付费20. add up累加21. be known for 以…而闻名22. an old boat turned upside down一艘倒过来的旧船23. be an inspiration to sb 成为…的榜样24. set up a website 建立一个网站25. a “metal art” theme park 一个“金属艺术”主题公园26. be known for 以…而闻名基础知识系列讲练1.To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subwayinstead of driving.本句中To cut down air pollution是动词不定式作目的状语。

比较：To draw maps properly, you need a special pen.(正)To draw maps properly, a special pen is needed.(误)练习：1 >—Why is Linlin practicing speaking English?—_______ abroad for further study.A. GoB. GoneC. To goD. Goes2 >—I’m new here.—Don’t worry. I’ll do what I can ________ you.A. helpB. to helpC. inviteD. to invite2.not only…but also…意为“不仅…而且…”用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其中的also有时可以省略。

如：She not only plays well, but also writes music.Not only men but also women were chosen.说明：若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。

如：Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只是你，他也得离开。

若连接两个句子，not only后面的句子要用半倒装，如：Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily.练习：_______Lisa _______Lucy may go with you because one ofthem must stay at home to take care of the dog.A.Not only ---but alsoB. Neither---norC. Both---andD. Either----or3. work n. （音乐，艺术）作品①不可数，意为：工作;劳动;作业; 功课事，成果,产品;工艺品,针线活It takes a lot of work to dig a deep well.②作可数名词著作,作品He is making a study of William Faulkner's works.③. 计算,算出work out4. used to / be used to do / be used to doing–How does Jack usually go to work?—He ______ drive a car, but now he ______ there to lose weight.A. used to; is used to walkB. was used to; is used to walkingC. was used to; is used to walkD. used to; is used to walking5. pay / spend / cost/take/ 6、turn up / down/ on /off7、be full of /be filled with8、cut down / off9、put sth to good usea useful ~ / an umbrellaput ~组成短语10、besides/ except / beside11、price /population12、感叹句13、must/ may /can14、hear /hear of /hear from以上知识你能记住多少呢？下面让我们测试一下吧！练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！一. 单项选择(15分）1.People ,especially teens, think it ______great fun to surf on________Internet.A.a;theB.a;/C./;theD.the;the2.---Don’t _____too late,or you will feel tired in class.-----I won’t ,Mum. Good night!A. wake upB. get upC. stand upD. stay up3.There’s a smile on the teacher’s face. I think she’s ______ourwork.A. worried aboutB. pleased withC. sorry forD. afraid of4.---Have you found ______here in the room?----Everything is OK ______the broken window.A. special thing; exceptB. anything special; besidesC. special thing; besidesD. anything special; except5.None of the shoes in the shops are the right size. They are_____too big ____too small.A. both; andB. neither; norC. either ;orD. not only; but also6.The price of this computer is the _______of the three.A. smallestB. biggestC. highestD. tallest7.No one can be sure ________in a million years.A. what will man look likeB. what will happen on the earthC. where will humans liveD. how many people are there in the world8.A neighbor helped to keep our dog. It _______while we were onholidays.A. was taken good care ofB. took good care ofC. is taken good care ofD. takes good care of9.---What delicious bread!---It would taste _______with jam.A. wellB. goodC. betterD. delicious10.Not only Tom but also his brother _____the Greener China fortwo years .A. has become a member ofB. have joinedC. have been a member ofD. has been in11.----Have you seen my toy car, Bill ?----It’s ______my way, so I put it ______.A.in; awayB. on; outC. in; outD. by; away12.After school I found Mother was in bed sick. _____Mother was ill,I should do something for her.A. SoB. ThoughC. SinceD. If13.------_______weather it is today !Let’s go out for a walk.-----That sounds good!A. How fineB. How badC. What a fineD. What fine14.-----What should I do, doctor ?-----______healthy, you should take more exercise.A. KeepB. KeepingC. To keepD. Having kept15.----Must we finish giving out the posters today?-----Yes, we _______.It can’t be put off any longer.A.canB. mayC. mustD. needn’t16.This place is suitable wild animals to live in.A. toB. atC. forD. with17. —Some people think that animals should not live in zoos. —I agree them.A.aboutB. ofC. withD. to18. —Do you like polar bears, Anna? —Oh, no. They are very .A. gentleB. fastC. aggressiveD. endangered19. Collecting and selling used things is a good way to money for the Children’s Hospital.A. askB. raiseC. findD. make20.—Have you ever seen this famous writer?—No. I’ve just her.A. listenedB. listened toC. heardD. heard of技能提高篇阅读理解ARecently, binge (暴食) is becoming a major health problem in America. “As soon as I came home I′d throw down my backpack and just start going through the refrigerator and start eating. Sandwiches, cookies, candy bars—I′d just continuously eat until I went to bed,” says Matt Wymer, 18.Matt was a binge eater. “You know we start at a very young age. You fall and hurt your knees. Your mother may say “Oh, here, we′ll go to get some ice cream, that‟ll make you feel better.” Or when you go to the doctor, something bad happens: The doctor sa ys, “Oh, here‟s something that‟s comforting‟and you get a candy,” says Marilyn Tanner, a doctor. Matt looked for comfort because he was always laughed at because of his weight. “There’d be days when I′d come and pick him up from school and he′d get in the car and start crying before I asked him anything,” says Cathy Wymer, Matt’s mother. “I′d just feel better after I ate a lot,” says Matt.Experts say the first step of treatment for binge eaters is to help them find other ways, besides food, to feel bet ter. “There are about five basic ways: You write, you talk, you cry, you exercise or you laugh,” says Genie Burnett, a psychologist. With the help of his doctor, Matt started a diet and a daily workout. He′s lost more than 150 pounds, he′s healthier and he says he′d be more confident.1. From the second paragraph we can learn that ________.A. Matt is very busy at home every dayB. Matt goes to bed very late at nightC. Matt suffers from an eating disorderD. Matt is too hungry to go to bed2. Marilyn Tanner mainly tells us that ________.A. eating disorder begins when children are youngB. children would like to have some ice creamC. young children fall and hurt their knees easilyD. doctors use candies to comfort the children3. Matt would start crying as soon as he got in the car because ________.A. he had nothing to eat at the momentB. his mother didn′t allow him to eat anythingC. he was really much too hungry just thenD. he was laughed at by others at school4. Matt has become more confident by __________.A. working hard at schoolB. talking and laughing a lotC. losing some weightD. reading and writing a lot5. What would be the best title for this passage?A. Matt′s interesting lifeB. An eating disorder—bingeC. The ways to keep healthyD. Matt′s parentsCWhat is pollution? Smoke, dirty water, rubbish and so on. Some pollution is easy to be seen like smoke, but much of pollution is not obvious (明显) at all, yet you are eating it, drinking it or breathing itmost of the time. Pollution is everywhere. It makes humans, animalsand plants sick and it even kills them. It’s even making the climate change. 13What’s worseis that pollution has caused many problems toall life on the earth. There’s nowhere on the earth left with no pollution, not even the sea or the air.14Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious allover the world. People have realized these problems. Humans make the pollution and they should try to stop it, especially you, because the future is yours! We should protect our home. I hope the problems of pollution will be solved in the near future and our home will become better and better.(一) 根据短文内容简要回答问题。