爱伦坡
爱伦坡黑猫经典句子
爱伦坡黑猫经典句子爱伦坡是美国文学史上的一位重要作家，他创作了许多经典小说和短篇故事。
其中，他的短篇小说《黑猫》更是被誉为恐怖小说的代表作之一。
在这个故事中，爱伦坡用凝练而深刻的语言描述了主人公的心理变化和所面临的恐怖事件，给读者带来了深深的震撼和恐惧。
下面就让我们来看看爱伦坡在《黑猫》中的经典句子。
1. "Yet, mad am I not - and very surely do I not dream."（"然而，我并非疯狂——我肯定没有做梦。
"）这是故事伊始时主人公为自己的犯罪而辩解的话。
这句话表明了主人公的理智和自信，也点明了整个故事的叙述方式——主人公事后回忆起事情的经过。
由此，读者就能预感到接下来的故事将会是一则引人入胜的心理史诗。
2. "I grew, day by day, more moody, more irritable, more regardless of the feelings of others."（"我一天天地长大，越来越忧郁、越来越易怒，对别人的感受越来越不顾。
"）这一句让人联想到心理学中的“狂躁症”，表现了主人公的心理状态开始发生变化，他开始失去控制，变得越来越无法理智地面对自己的行为和思想。
3. "What was it - I paused to think - what was it that so unnerved me in thecontemplation of the House of Usher?"（"这是什么——我停下来想——这是什么让我看到厄舍宅邸时如此心神不宁？"）在故事中，主人公突然回忆起了自己曾经拜访过的乌舍家的旧居。
这句话表现了主人公的恐惧和猜测，让人感受到了故事的紧张氛围。
4. "I knew myself no longer. My original soul seemed, at once, to take its flight from my body."（"我再也不认识自己了。
埃德加爱伦坡的介绍
• 埃德加爱伦坡的生平 • 埃德加爱伦坡的文学风格 • 埃德加爱伦坡的作品 • 埃德加爱伦坡的影响 • 埃德加爱伦坡的遗产
01
埃德加爱伦坡的生平
早期生活与教育
早期经历
埃德加爱伦坡出生于1809年，成长 于美国弗吉尼亚州里士满市。他的童 年经历较为坎坷，父亲是一名商船船 长，母亲在他年幼时便离世。
个人生活与影响
个人问题
爱伦坡的个人生活中充满了不幸，他经历了多次婚姻失败、经济困难和健康问题 。这些经历对他的作品产生了深刻影响，许多作品都反映出他内心的痛苦和挣扎 。
社会评价
尽管生活充满坎坷，爱伦坡在文学领域获得了广泛的认可和赞誉。他的作品被翻 译成多种语言，并成为世界文学经典。他被誉为美国文学史上最伟大的作家之一 ，对后世文学产生了深远的影响。
这首诗讲述了一个男人和他的乌鸦宠物的故事，通过寓言和 象征手法展现了死亡、孤独和绝望的主题。其独特的韵律和 节奏，以及深刻的心理描绘，使这首诗成为爱伦坡的代表作 之一。
《红字》
总结词
爱伦坡的这部短篇小说以独特的叙事 方式和心理深度而著称，是文学史上 的经典之作。
详细描述
小说讲述了一个女人因通奸罪被社会 排斥，被迫佩戴红字的故事。通过深 入探索人物内心的矛盾和挣扎，爱伦 坡展示了人性的复杂性和社会的冷酷 无情。
产生了深远影响。
对世界文学的影响
推动恐怖小说的发展
爱伦坡被认为是恐怖小说的鼻祖，他的作品对世界范围内的恐怖小说创作产生了重要影响，推动了恐怖小说的发 展。
启发其他文学流派
爱伦坡的作品对其他文学流派产生了影响，如超现实主义、魔幻现实主义等，对世界文学的创新和发展做出了贡 献。
对后世作家的启示
重视短篇小说创作
爱伦坡百度——精选推荐
简介（百度）侦探小说(detective story)鼻祖、科幻小说(science fiction)先驱之一、恐怖小说(horror fiction)大师、短篇哥特小说巅峰、象征主义(s ymbolism)先驱之一，唯美主义(aes theticism)者。
受到过爱伦·坡影响的主要人物有：柯南·道尔、波德莱尔、斯特芳·马拉美、儒勒·凡尔纳、罗伯特·路易斯·斯蒂文森、希区柯克、蒂姆·伯顿、江户川乱步等。
爱伦·坡最著名的文艺理论是―效果论‖。
坡力图在自己的作品中先确立某种效果，再为追求这种效果而思考创作。
他在《怪异故事集》序中称―自己的作品绝大部分都是深思熟虑的苦心经营‖。
爱伦·坡、安布鲁斯·布尔斯（1842～1914？）和H.P.洛夫克拉夫特（1890～1937）并称为美国三大恐怖小说家。
埃德加·爱伦·坡（英语：Edgar Allan Poe；1809年1月19日－1849年10月7日），美国作家、诗人、编者与文学评论家，被尊崇是美国浪漫主义运动要角之一，以悬疑、惊悚小说最负盛名。
爱伦·坡是美国的短篇小说家先锋之一，并被公认是推理小说的创造者，甚至被视为科幻小说的共同催生者之一[1]。
他是第一位众所周知、仅以创作一职糊口的美国作家，并因此长陷于经济困难与不顺遂之中[2]。
Edgar Allan Poe (born Edgar Poe, January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849) was an American author, poet, editor and literary critic, considered part of the American Romantic Movement. Best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre, Poe was one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story and is considered the inventor of the detective fiction genre. He is further credited with contributing to the emerging genre of science fiction.[1] He was the first well-known American writer to try to earn a living through writing alone, resulting in a financially difficult life and career.[2]Literary influenceDuring his lifetime, Poe was mostly recognized as a literary critic. Fellow critic James Russell Lowell called him "the most discriminating, philosophical, and fearless critic upon imaginative works who has written in America", though he questioned if he occasionally used prussic acid instead of ink.[100] Poe was also known as a writer of fiction and became one of the first American authors of the 19th century to become more popular in Europe than in the United States.[101] Poe is particularly respected in France, in part due to early translations by Charles Baudelaire. Baudelaire's translations became definitive renditions of Poe's work throughout Europe.[102]Poe's early detective fiction tales featuring C. Auguste Dupin laid the groundwork for future detectives in literature. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle said, "Each [of Poe's detective stories] is a root from which a whole literature has developed.... Where was the detective story until Poe breathed the breath of life into it?"[103] The Mystery Writers of America have named their awards for excellence in the genre the "Edgars".[104] Poe's work also influenced science fiction, notably Jules Verne, who wrote a sequel to Poe's novel The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket called An Antarctic Mystery, also known as The Sphinx of the Ice Fields.[105] Science fiction author H. G. Wells noted, "Pym tells what a very intelligent mind could imagine about the south polar region a century ago."[106]Like many famous artists, Poe's works have spawned innumerable imitators.[107] One interesting trend among imitators of Poe, however, has been claims by clairvoyants or psychics to be "channeling" poems from Poe's spirit. One of the most notable of these was Lizzie Doten, who in 1863 published Poems from the Inner Life, in which she claimed to have "received" new compositions by Poe's spirit. The compositions were re-workings of famous Poe poems such as "The Bells", but which reflected a new, positive outlook.[108]Even so, Poe has received not only praise, but criticism as well. This is partly because of the negative perception of his personal character and its influence upon his reputation.[101]William Butler Yeats was occasionally critical of Poe and once called him "vulgar".[109]Transcendentalist Ralph Waldo Emerson reacted to "The Raven" by saying, "I see nothing in it"[110] and derisively referred to Poe as "the jingle man".[111]Aldous Huxley wrote that Poe's writing "falls into vulgarity" by being "too poetical"—the equivalent of wearing a diamond ring on every finger.[112]It is believed that only 12 copies of Poe's first book, Tamerlane and Other Poems, have survived. In December 2009, one copy sold at Christie's, New York for $662,500, a record price paid for a work of American literature.[113]中国人较系统地译介爱伦·坡比法国人晚了80余年，但却几乎应验了坡160年前引用过的一段文字。
爱伦坡-乌鸦-Edgar-Allen-Poe-and-The-Raven
The Philosophy of Composition 《创作原理》 The Poetic Principle 《诗歌原则》
Themes
1. death – predominant theme
“Poe is not interested in anything alive. Everything in Poe’s writings is dead.”
2. He is the father of psychoanalytic(心理 分析的) criticism.
3. He is the father of the detective story.
The analysis of some
images
in The Raven
The raven and the demon
an evil genius
Emerson: "the jingle man"
Whitman: “its narrow range and unhealthy, lurid quality” (不丰富的选 材和不健康、可怕的质量)
He was understood by critics and other writers in America.
乌鸦诗
秋思 马致远 枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥 流水人家。 古道西风瘦马，夕阳 西下，断肠人在天涯。
秋思 白朴 孤村落日残霞,轻烟老 树寒鸦一点飞虹影下, 青山绿水,白草红叶黄 花。
Meaning changing
Actually before Tang dynasty the raven had a meaning of luck and people thought they were prophets, but after Tang the raven has become an ill-omen
爱伦坡及其诗歌赏析--Ellen-PoePPT课件
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哦，我清楚地记得那是在萧瑟的十二 月；
每一团奄奄一息的余烬都形成阴影伏在地 板。
我当时真盼望翌日；——因为我已经枉费 心机
想用书来消除悲哀——消除因失去丽诺尔 的悲叹—— 因那被天使叫作丽诺尔的少女，她美丽娇 艳—— 在这儿却默默无闻，直至永远。
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2. The function of poetry is not to summarize and interpret earthly experience, but to create a mood in which the soul soars toward supernal beauty. The basic tone is melancholy.
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维琴妮亚用温柔与爱启示爱伦坡写成了很多最优美 的诗句，其中就有那篇不朽的名诗《乌鸦》。这首 诗爱伦坡写了又写，改了又改，足足花费了十年的 时间，可是仅卖了十块钱。这件事立刻在当地传为 最大的笑话，爱伦坡成为了公认的弱智与无能之辈。 许多人都为自己能够识别出一个白痴而骄傲，感觉 自己与相中良马的伯乐一样出色(但是他们犯了最大 的错误，今天这首诗的原稿已售价数万美元)。
据研究侦探小说的专家霍华德海克雷夫特认为这个杜宾也是坡的自我理想化身因为他自幼聪颖异常处处想表现自己的优越所以就把杜宾写成具有超人智力观察入微料事如神的理想人物为了衬托他的了不起又借一个对他无限钦佩相形见拙的朋友来叙述他的事迹此外还写了一个头脑愚钝动机虽好而屡犯错误的警探作为对比
Edgar Allan Poe (1809 - 1849)
对爱伦坡研究的一些素材,有英语和中文的
死亡主题在爱伦坡的不同作品中有不同的表现，有一些作品表现的是死亡的浪漫和快乐，比如《海伦》，《献给安妮》，而有一些是通过死亡主题来表达对生命的渴望，对高贵的灵魂的追求，比如在《out of breath》中，还有一些作品给人一种神秘，惊悚的感觉，比如《乌鸦》、以及本文所要研究的《黑猫》。
作者通过对气氛和人物的心理进行描写，采用哥特式的风格，让人深深地感受到恐怖。
本文研究《黑猫》中神秘、惊悚的死亡主题，探索作者是通过哪些环境，细节以及人物的描线来体现死亡主题的。
The theme of death in Poe's works are different, there are some works is death of romance and fun, such as "To Helen", “For Annie”and some is through death theme to express the desire for life, the pursuit of noble soul, such as in "Out of Breath" and some of the works to a mystery, thriller feeling, such as “the Raven”, and this paper to study "the Black Cat". The author describes the atmosphere and people's psychology, the use of Gothic writing style. It makes people deeply feel the terror. In this paper, we studymystery, thriller death theme of the Black Cat. Furthermore, I want to explore which environment, details and the description of the characters to reflect the theme of death.故事简介The story tells a man,who was known as a kind and good person,killed his cherishing black cat and wife with crucial methods. One day, he was drunk and gouged the black cat's eye with knife because of his bad temper. Then,once he went into his cat,the cat was scary and ran away. Finally the cat was hanged by him. That night,a fire burnt the man's house in ruins. Strange thing was that the black cat was printed with relief as the wall still stood. He was scared and felt ashamed and guilty. Soon after,he brings another cat,which looks like the cat thatdied,thesame color and the same eyes,especially the lost eye is same. When the man found it had been deprived of one eye. He was angry and took the axe to murder the cat in the cellar. Nevertheless he killed his wife by a mistake. When he hidden the body into the wall,the cat was missing. Eventually,the police came to the door and they found his wife. And the missing cat stood on the body.这三个情节不仅推动了情节的发展，而且也是文中的“我”性格转变的表现。
爱伦坡
• Short stories • 1.MS. Found in a Bottle 《瓶中手稿》 • 2.Tales of the Grotesque and the Arabesque 《荒诞奇异故事》 • 3.The Murders in the Rue Morgue《毛格街血案》 • 4. The Fall of House of Usher 《厄舍古屋的倒塌》 • 5.The Cask of Amontillado 《一桶白葡萄酒》 • 6.Ligeia 《丽姬娅》 • 7.The Purloined Letter 《窃信案》 • 8.Black Cat 《黑猫》 • 9The Masque of the Red Death《红色死亡的化妆舞会》
Edgar Allan Poe 埃德加· 爱伦· 坡 （1809～1849）
Edgar Allan Poe
• an American poet, short-story writer, editor and literary critic. • father of modern short story • father of detective story • father of psychoanalytic criticism
Writing Style
• Poe’s style is traditional. It is much too rational, too ordinary to reflect the peculiarity of his theme. He is good at generalizing. He is not easy to read. He lays stress on brevity Байду номын сангаасnd imagination.
爱伦坡作品及其视角分析
作者及作品简介埃德加.爱.伦坡，19世纪美国著名作家、文学评论家、短篇小说先驱，被誉为世界上侦探小说和科幻小说的鼻祖。
爱.伦坡于1809年1月19日出生在马萨诸塞州的波士顿。
他的一生非常坎坷，年幼时父亲离家出走，母亲病故，之后被商人约翰.爱伦坡收养；爱.伦坡在养父母那得到过家庭温暖却最后被养父逐出家门；少年时受过良好教育但由于各种原因被弗吉尼亚大学退学；虽然是个天才作家，但以写作为生的他一生穷困潦倒。
他的死因就如同其小说一样是个谜，人们对于他的死因也有各种猜测。
他的短篇小说对现代西方文学产生了重大影响，英国作家柯南的侦探小说《福尔摩斯探案集》，法国作家凡尔纳的科幻小说及今天广为流传的各种推理小说都深受其影响。
爱.伦坡主要作品有诗歌《乌鸦》《至海伦》等。
在他短暂的一生中爱.伦坡共写了70多篇小说，其中主要作品有《莫格街凶杀案》《红死病的化妆舞会》《厄舍古屋的倒塌》《黑猫》等。
他的小说风格怪异离奇，充满恐怖气氛。
除短篇小说外，文学评论在他的创作中也占很重要的地位，评论霍桑《古老的故事》的论文以及评论狄更斯《老古玩店》的论文等作品至今被视为文学批评的典范之作。
接下来，我们主要从他的三部作品以及其特殊角度对小说和诗歌进行分析。
《乌鸦》《厄舍古屋的倒塌》《椭圆形画像》《乌鸦》爱伦坡对美好事物的凋零有着强烈的迷恋。
追根究底，这还源于他儿时的丧亲之痛，与中年的丧妻之痛。
而已逝女子的影子常在他脑海里盘旋，引领他在诗歌王国里翱翔。
哥特式风格又恰如其分地被其用于诠释他心底深处的恐惧与压抑。
众多作家在描写恐怖情节时，常对外部环境进行大力渲染，而他则更注重对人内心世界的雕琢。
他深信“诗歌的最好主题是死亡，尤其是美丽尤物的死亡，将毫无疑问是世界上最具诗意的主题”。
他用诗歌践行了自己的写作原则，并将一生都奉献给了这种哀伤的美丽。
为更清晰地展现爱伦坡的哥特式写作风格，下面以《乌鸦》为例并诠释其中所蕴含的死亡之美与哥特式元素。
爱伦坡的梦中之梦解读
爱伦坡的《梦中之梦》是一篇具有强烈心理悬疑氛围的短篇小说。
故事以一个名叫伦普的男子为主角，他经历了一个充满离奇和恐怖的梦境。
首先，从叙事角度来看，爱伦坡运用了独特的叙事方式，让读者通过主角的梦境进入了一个迷离、神秘的世界。
这种叙事方式不仅增强了故事的心理悬疑感，也引发了读者对主角经历的种种恐怖和痛苦的强烈代入感和探索欲望。
其次，爱伦坡在语言运用上展现了精湛的技巧。
他的文字优美而富有诗意，通过丰富的比喻和象征手法，营造出了梦幻般的氛围。
例如，在描述主角的梦境时，他运用了许多华丽的形容词和比喻，让读者能够感受到主角内心的混乱和困惑。
此外，小说中充满了各种意象和隐喻，例如地窖、药水、梦境等，它们在营造神秘和恐怖氛围的同时，也暗示了主角内心的复杂情感和无法摆脱的困境。
在主题上，《梦中之梦》探讨了人类对恐惧和痛苦的记忆以及梦境对人的影响。
小说中主角从梦境中惊醒后仍然无法摆脱那些恐怖的回忆，这表明人类对恐惧和痛苦的记忆往往比对快乐的记忆更为深刻。
同时，小说也探讨了梦境如何影响人的心理状态和情感体验。
总的来说，爱伦坡的《梦中之梦》通过独特的叙事方式、优美的语言、意象和隐喻等手法，将读者带入了一个充满悬
疑、神秘和恐怖的世界。
同时，小说也深入探讨了人类对恐惧和痛苦的记忆以及梦境对人的影响等主题，使读者在享受故事的悬疑和恐怖元素的同时，也能对人类内心世界有更深入的思考。
以《乌鸦》为例，浅析爱伦坡写作中的死亡主题
以《乌鸦》为例，浅析爱伦坡写作中的死亡主题发布时间：2021-11-28T10:48:21.666Z 来源：《教学与研究》2021年12月上作者：孟文滔[导读] 爱伦坡是美国文学史上很有影响力的作家之一。
他擅长发掘人的内心深处和思想世界,其作品打破了意识和无意识之间的障栏。
爱伦坡热衷于死亡主题，他的诗歌向人们展示出哥特文学独有的特征，这些作品超越了美国文学史上主流的文学作品，形成其独特的写作特征。
本文以爱伦坡典型的死亡类诗歌《乌鸦》为分析对象，从死亡美学方面系统全面的阐释坡的死亡主题。
并且分析死亡主题想要传达的思想内容以及爱伦坡通过死亡主题所展现出的死亡观。
江苏科技大学苏州理工学院孟文滔摘要：爱伦坡是美国文学史上很有影响力的作家之一。
他擅长发掘人的内心深处和思想世界,其作品打破了意识和无意识之间的障栏。
爱伦坡热衷于死亡主题，他的诗歌向人们展示出哥特文学独有的特征，这些作品超越了美国文学史上主流的文学作品，形成其独特的写作特征。
本文以爱伦坡典型的死亡类诗歌《乌鸦》为分析对象，从死亡美学方面系统全面的阐释坡的死亡主题。
并且分析死亡主题想要传达的思想内容以及爱伦坡通过死亡主题所展现出的死亡观。
关键词：爱伦坡《乌鸦》死亡观一、简介在爱伦-坡的所有成就中，他作品中的死亡主题是其鲜明的特点，这一点已为大众所熟知。
在世界文学中，有很多作家致力于死亡主题。
但在美国，坡是第一个直接以死亡为主题的作家。
坡有自己的文学思想，对死亡有独特的创作主题和特殊的比喻。
概括地说，他的大量以死亡为主题的作品可以分为几种类型：恐怖的死亡、怪诞的死亡、复仇的死亡、浪漫的死亡和超然的死亡（常耀信，2008）。
作为一个擅长死亡题材的著名文学家，他作品中所表现出来的怪诞、恐怖、神秘、人物的病态心理、精神崩溃、人性的扭曲、行为的异化等，在他那个时代是别人无法理解的。
然而，他的作品经受住了时间的考验。
他在哥特式文学领域做出了巨大的创新。
爱伦坡有选择地继承了前人作品中阴森、凄凉、荒诞的背景设置来营造气氛，并开创了心理恐怖的描述。
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Poe’s theory for short story
Short story should be of brevity, totality, single effect, compression(压缩) and finality.
Poe's achievement
Poe was mostly recognized as a literary critic Poe was also known as a writer of fiction and became one of the first American authors of the 19th century to become more popular in Europe than in the United States Poe's early detective fiction tales laid the groundwork for future detectives in literature.
Analysis on raven
The speaker is continually losing his mind as he morns the death of his lover, Lenore. Poe was able to maintain a melancholy feeling throughout his poem using the refrain “nevermore” ” and following some very strict, self-set, rules Every stanza in the poem uses the same rhyme scheme, ABCBBB He used many literary devices including alliteration, assonance, and onomatopoeia. His rhythm is also very structured and unwavering.
Poe’s theory for poetry
short but achieve maximum effect to produce a feeling of beauty in the reader He stresses rhythm insists on an even(规则的) metrical(韵律的) flow
a great writer of fiction, a poet of the first rank, and a critic of insight
Positive Assessment
Bernard Shaw: "America has produced two great writers — —
Life and experience Born in 1809
lost his parents when he was still very small, then adopted by John Allan, a wealthy merchant of Virginia At 17,Poe entered the university Virginia, but he dropped out of school He went to West Point as a cadet but was dismissed because of misbehavior in 1827 his first book of poetry appeared. Five of his tales came out in 1832. one of his best tales ,”MS. Found in a Bottle ” won first prize in a short story contest run by a Baltimore newspaper in 1833
Literary works
Poetry
the raven 乌鸦 Annabel lee 安娜贝尔.李 the sleeper 睡梦人 a dream within a dream 梦中梦 to Helen 致海伦
Novel
The Murders in the Rue Morgue 《毛格街杀人案》 MS. Found in a Bottle 《瓶子里发现的手稿》 The Gold-Bug
Then this ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling, By the grave and stern decorum of the countenance it wore, "Though thy crest be shorn and shaven, thou," I said, "art sure no craven, Ghastly grim and ancient raven wandering from the Nightly shore Tell me what thy lordly name is on the Night ' s Plutonian shore! " Quoth the raven, "Nevermore. "
Raven
《乌鸦》是爱伦·坡1844年创作的。《乌鸦》叙述 的是一位经受失亲之痛的男子在孤苦无奈，心灰 意冷的深夜与一只乌鸦邂逅并叙述的故事。基调 凄怆疑惧，源于不可逆转的绝望，随着乌鸦一声 声“永不复生”而加深，直至绝望到无以复加的 终行。 “永不复生”共重复了11次，它是乌鸦唯一的 话语，既是它的名字，也是它对作者每一次询问 的回答。听起来既答非所问，又觉得非常应景。 它把一幕原本荒诞的对话推向了对生存价值的哲 理叙述。人至爱的一切不正像乌鸦聒噪的那样， 一旦逝去便永不复生吗？
In 1838, he published his one full-length novel, the narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym In 1841, the murders in the rue morgue, an ingenious detective story, became the ancestor of the genre, influencing many writers including Conan Doyle. The poem “the raven” was an immediate success and has remained one of his most enduring works. He also worked as editor of a number of magazines. At 27, he married his 13-year-old cousin, whose death in 1847 left him inconsolable and bitterer with life than ever. In October, 1849, he died in mysterious circumstances.
General introduction about him
Edgar Allen Poe was an American writer, poet, editor and literary critic, considered part of the American Romantic Movement. Poe was one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story and is considered the inventor of the detective-fiction genre. He was the first well-known American writer to try to earn a living through writing alone, which resulting in a financially difficult life and career.
Negative Assessment
Aldus Huxley Poe‘s writing was the equivalent of wearing a diamond ring on every finger and that his poetry tried to be “too poetical” and “falls into vulgarity.” Whitman Almost any moral principles, there is no concrete things and their heroism and no more simple soul . Edgar’s poetry showed great skill and beauty. The rhythm of the night ,a leopard cannot change the subject of unspoken preference, each page of a domestic----the general background.
Edgar Allan Poe and Mark Twain."
Carlos “He is a sitting of the anchor of American literature, he will be able to provide a solid foundation of American literature alone."”
Review and essay
The Philosophy of Composition 《创作原理》 The Poetic Principle 《诗歌原则》
Literary style and themes