A microfungus from Costa Rica Ticosynnema gen. nov
我国中药材钩藤的新害虫——钩藤茜细蛾(鳞翅目细蛾科)
环境昆虫学报 2020, 42 (6)： 1488 -1493Joornal g Environmental Entomologyhttp ： "hjkcxb. alljournals. netdot ： 10. 3969/j. inn. 1674 -0858- 2020. 06- 25姜中峰,张柱亭，刘红霞，刘腾腾.我国中药材钩藤的新害虫一&钩藤茜细蛾（鳞翅目：细蛾科）[J ）.环境昆虫学报，2020, 42 （6）：1488 - 1493-我国中药材钩藤的新害虫——钩藤茜细蛾(鳞翅目：细蛾科)姜中峰1 ,张柱亭2,刘红霞2 , 腾腾1*基金项目：贵州省教育厅自然科学研究项目（黔教合KY [2015] 476号）作者简介：姜中峰，男，1996年生，山东济宁人，硕士研究生，研究方向为昆虫学，E-mail ： 744805647@qq. am*通讯作者Author fvs cvrcpondencc ：刘腾腾，男，博士，研究方向为昆虫系统学，E - mail ： liuttdinu. edu. cn收稿日期 Received ： 2019 -12-06 ；接受日期 Accepted ： 2020 -02-04(1.山东师范大学生命科学学院，济南250014； 2.凯里学院，贵州凯里556011)摘要：本文首次报道一种危害我国重要出口中药材钩藤的潜叶新害虫——钩藤茜细蛾CorytooxesHs sunosei (Kumco , 1998)及其生物学。
通过野外采集、观察和标本解剖鉴定以及分子生物学手段，对钩藤茜细蛾的分类学和生物学进行了研究。
首次报道了钩藤茜细蛾在我国钩藤主产区的为害，并对该害虫的外型、外生殖器和潜道等鉴别特征做了详细描述，公开了该种的DNA 条形码序列(CO/基因)。
首次发现钩藤茜细蛾在我国潜叶为害钩藤,获取了钩藤茜细蛾的分类学和生物学信息，初步报道了害虫的田间为害情况，将为钩藤潜叶害虫的检疫和防控奠 定分类学和生物学基础。
中华人民共和国进境植物检疫性有害生物名录(2007年5月28日)
中华人民共和国进境植物检疫性有害生物名录(共435种)关于公布中华人民共和国进境植物检疫性有害生物名录的公告（农业部公告第862号）为防止危险性植物有害生物传入我国，根据《中华人民共和国进出境动植物检疫法》的规定，我部与国家质量监督检验检疫总局共同制定了《中华人民共和国进境植物检疫性有害生物名录》。
1992年7月25日我部发布的《中华人民共和国进境植物检疫危险性病、虫、杂草名录》同时废止。
本公告自发布之日起执行。
2007年5月28日昆虫（146）1.Acanthocinus carinulatus (Gebler)白带长角天牛2.Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say)菜豆象3.Acleris variana (Fernald)黑头长翅卷蛾4.Agrilus spp. (non-Chinese)窄吉丁（非中国种）5.Aleurodicus dispersus Russell螺旋粉虱6.Anastrepha Schiner按实蝇属7.Anthonomus grandis Boheman墨西哥棉铃象8.Anthonomus quadrigibbus Say苹果花象9.Aonidiella comperei McKenzie香蕉肾盾蚧10.Apate monachus Fabricius咖啡黑长蠹11.Aphanostigma piri (Cholodkovsky)梨矮蚜12.Arhopalus syriacus Reitter辐射松幽天牛13.Bactrocera Macquart果实蝇属14.Baris granulipennis (Tournier)西瓜船象15.Batocera spp. (non-Chinese)白条天牛（非中国种）16.Brontispa longissima (Gestro)椰心叶甲17.Bruchidius incarnates (Boheman)埃及豌豆象18.Bruchophagus roddi Gussak苜蓿籽蜂19.Bruchus spp. (non-Chinese )豆象（属）（非中国种）20.Cacoecimorpha pronubana (Hübner)荷兰石竹卷蛾21.Callosobruchus spp. (maculatus（F.）andnon-Chinese)瘤背豆象（四纹豆象和非中国种）22.Carpomya incompleta (Becker)欧非枣实蝇23.Carpomya vesuviana Costa枣实蝇24.Carulaspis juniperi (Bouchè)松唐盾蚧25.Caulophilus oryzae (Gyllenhal)阔鼻谷象26.Ceratitis Macleay小条实蝇属27.Ceroplastes rusci (L.)无花果蜡蚧28.Chionaspis pinifoliae (Fitch)松针盾蚧29.Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens)云杉色卷蛾30.Conotrachelus Schoenherr鳄梨象属31.Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillett)高粱瘿蚊32.Coptotermes spp. (non-Chinese)乳白蚁（非中国种）33.Craponius inaequalis (Say)葡萄象34.Crossotarsus spp. (non-Chinese)异胫长小蠹（非中国种）35.Cryptophlebia leucotreta (Meyrick)苹果异形小卷蛾36.Cryptorrhynchus lapathi L.杨干象37.Cryptotermes brevis (Walker)麻头砂白蚁38.Ctenopseustis obliquana (Walker)斜纹卷蛾39.Curculio elephas (Gyllenhal)欧洲栗象40.Cydia janthinana (Duponchel)山楂小卷蛾41.Cydia packardi (Zeller)樱小卷蛾42.Cydia pomonella (L.)苹果蠹蛾43.Cydia prunivora (Walsh)杏小卷蛾44.Cydia pyrivora (Danilevskii)梨小卷蛾45.Dacus spp. (non-Chinese)寡鬃实蝇（非中国种）46.Dasineura mali (Kieffer)苹果瘿蚊47.Dendroctonus spp. (valens LeConte andnon-Chinese)大小蠹（红脂大小蠹和非中国种）48.Deudorix isocrates Fabricius石榴小灰蝶49.Diabrotica Chevrolat根萤叶甲属50.Diaphania nitidalis (Stoll)黄瓜绢野螟51.Diaprepes abbreviata (L.)蔗根象52.Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius)小蔗螟53.Dryocoetes confusus Swaine混点毛小蠹54.Dysmicoccus grassi Leonari香蕉灰粉蚧55.Dysmicoccus neobrevipes Beardsley新菠萝灰粉蚧56.Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller)石榴螟57.Epidiaspis leperii (Signoret)桃白圆盾蚧58.Eriosoma lanigerum（Hausmann）苹果绵蚜59.Eulecanium gigantea (Shinji)枣大球蚧60.Eurytoma amygdali Enderlein扁桃仁蜂61.Eurytoma schreineri Schreiner李仁蜂62.Gonipterus scutellatus Gyllenhal桉象63.Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)谷实夜蛾64.Hemerocampa leucostigma (Smith)合毒蛾65.Hemiberlesia pitysophila Takagi松突圆蚧66.Heterobostrychus aequalis (Waterhouse)双钩异翅长蠹67.Hoplocampa flava (L.)李叶蜂68.Hoplocampa testudinea (Klug)苹叶蜂69.Hoplocerambyx spinicornis (Newman)刺角沟额天牛70.Hylobius pales (Herbst)苍白树皮象71.Hylotrupes bajulus (L.)家天牛72.Hylurgopinus rufipes (Eichhoff)美洲榆小蠹73.Hylurgus ligniperda Fabricius长林小蠹74.Hyphantria cunea (Drury)美国白蛾75.Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari)咖啡果小蠹76.Incisitermes minor (Hagen)小楹白蚁77.Ips spp. (non-Chinese)齿小蠹（非中国种）78.Ischnaspis longirostris (Signoret)黑丝盾蚧79.Lepidosaphes tapleyi Williams芒果蛎蚧80.Lepidosaphes tokionis (Kuwana)东京蛎蚧81.Lepidosaphes ulmi (L.)榆蛎蚧82.Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)马铃薯甲虫83.Leucoptera coffeella (Guérin-Méneville)咖啡潜叶蛾84.Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess)三叶斑潜蝇85.Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel稻水象甲86.Listronotus bonariensis (Kuschel)阿根廷茎象甲87.Lobesia botrana (Denis et Schiffermuller)葡萄花翅小卷蛾88.Mayetiola destructor (Say)黑森瘿蚊89.Mercetaspis halli (Green)霍氏长盾蚧90.Monacrostichus citricola Bezzi桔实锤腹实蝇91.Monochamus spp. (non-Chinese)墨天牛（非中国种）92.Myiopardalis pardalina (Bigot)甜瓜迷实蝇93.Naupactus leucoloma (Boheman)白缘象甲94.Neoclytus acuminatus (Fabricius)黑腹尼虎天牛95.Opogona sacchari (Bojer)蔗扁蛾96.Pantomorus cervinus (Boheman)玫瑰短喙象97.Parlatoria crypta Mckenzie灰白片盾蚧98.Pharaxonotha kirschi Reither谷拟叩甲99.Phloeosinus cupressi Hopkins美柏肤小蠹100.Phoracantha semipunctata (Fabricius) 桉天牛101.Pissodes Germar木蠹象属102.Planococcus lilacius Cockerell南洋臀纹粉蚧103.Planococcus minor (Maskell)大洋臀纹粉蚧104.Platypus spp. (non-Chinese)长小蠹（属）（非中国种）105.Popillia japonica Newman日本金龟子106.Prays citri Milliere桔花巢蛾107.Promecotheca cumingi Baly椰子缢胸叶甲108.Prostephanus truncatus (Horn)大谷蠹109.Ptinus tectus Boieldieu澳洲蛛甲110.Quadrastichus erythrinae Kim刺桐姬小蜂111.Reticulitermes lucifugus（Rossi）欧洲散白蚁112.Rhabdoscelus lineaticollis (Heller)褐纹甘蔗象113.Rhabdoscelus obscurus (Boisduval) 几内亚甘蔗象114.Rhagoletis spp. (non-Chinese)绕实蝇（非中国种）115.Rhynchites aequatus (L.)苹虎象116.Rhynchites bacchus L.欧洲苹虎象117.Rhynchites cupreus L.李虎象118.Rhynchites heros Roelofs日本苹虎象119.Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) 红棕象甲120.Rhynchophorus palmarum (L.)棕榈象甲121.Rhynchophorus phoenicis (Fabricius) 紫棕象甲122.Rhynchophorus vulneratus (Panzer) 亚棕象甲123.Sahlbergella singularis Haglund可可盲蝽象124.Saperda spp. (non-Chinese)楔天牛（非中国种）125.Scolytus multistriatus (Marsham)欧洲榆小蠹126.Scolytus scolytus (Fabricius)欧洲大榆小蠹127.Scyphophorus acupunctatus Gyllenhal 剑麻象甲128.Selenaspidus articulatus Morgan刺盾蚧129.Sinoxylon spp. (non-Chinese)双棘长蠹（非中国种）130.Sirex noctilio Fabricius云杉树蜂131.Solenopsis invicta Buren红火蚁132.Spodoptera littoralis（Boisduval）海灰翅夜蛾133.Stathmopoda skelloni Butler猕猴桃举肢蛾134.Sternochetus Pierce芒果象属135.Taeniothrips inconsequens (Uzel)梨蓟马136.Tetropium spp. (non-Chinese)断眼天牛（非中国种）137.Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Denis et Schiffermuller)松异带蛾138.Toxotrypana curvicauda Gerstaecker 番木瓜长尾实蝇139.Tribolium destructor Uyttenboogaart 褐拟谷盗140.Trogoderma spp. (non-Chinese)斑皮蠹（非中国种）141.Vesperus Latreile暗天牛属142.Vinsonia stellifera (Westwood)七角星蜡蚧143.Viteus vitifoliae (Fitch)葡萄根瘤蚜144.Xyleborus spp. (non-Chinese)材小蠹（非中国种）145.Xylotrechus rusticus L.青杨脊虎天牛146.Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman)巴西豆象软体动物（6）147.Achatina fulica Bowdich非洲大蜗牛148.Acusta despecta Gray硫球球壳蜗牛149.Cepaea hortensis Müller花园葱蜗牛150.Helix aspersa Müller散大蜗牛151.Helix pomatia Linnaeus盖罩大蜗牛152.Theba pisana Müller比萨茶蜗牛真菌（125）153.Albugo tragopogi (Persoon) Schröter var.helianthi Novotelnova向日葵白锈病菌154.Alternaria triticina Prasada et Prabhu小麦叶疫病菌155.Anisogramma anomala（Peck）E. Muller 榛子东部枯萎病菌156.Apiosporina morbosa (Schweinitz) von Arx 李黑节病菌157.Atropellis pinicola Zaller et Goodding松生枝干溃疡病菌158.Atropellis piniphila (Weir) Lohman et Cash 嗜松枝干溃疡病菌159.Botryosphaeria laricina (K.Sawada)Y.Zhong落叶松枯梢病菌160.Botryosphaeria stevensii Shoemaker苹果壳色单隔孢溃疡病菌161.Cephalosporium gramineum Nisikado et Ikata麦类条斑病菌162.Cephalosporium maydis Samra, Sabet et Hingorani玉米晚枯病菌163.Cephalosporium sacchari E.J. Butler et Hafiz Khan甘蔗凋萎病菌164.Ceratocystis fagacearum (Bretz) Hunt栎枯萎病菌165.Chrysomyxa arctostaphyli Dietel云杉帚锈病菌166.Ciborinia camelliae Kohn山茶花腐病菌167.Cladosporium cucumerinum Ellis et Arthur 黄瓜黑星病菌168.Colletotrichum kahawae J.M. Waller etBridge 咖啡浆果炭疽病菌169.Crinipellis perniciosa (Stahel) Singer可可丛枝病菌170.Cronartium coleosporioides J.C.Arthur 油松疱锈病菌171.Cronartium comandrae Peck北美松疱锈病菌172.Cronartium conigenum Hedgcock et Hunt 松球果锈病菌173.Cronartium fusiforme Hedgcock et Hunt ex Cummins松纺锤瘤锈病菌174.Cronartium ribicola J.C.Fisch.松疱锈病菌175.Cryphonectria cubensis (Bruner) Hodges 桉树溃疡病菌176.Cylindrocladium parasiticum Crous,Wingfield et Alfenas花生黑腐病菌177.Diaporthe helianthi Muntanola-Cvetkovic Mihaljcevic et Petrov向日葵茎溃疡病菌178.Diaporthe perniciosa É.J. Marchal苹果果腐病菌179.Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke et Ell.) Sacc. var. caulivora Athow et Caldwell大豆北方茎溃疡病菌180.Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke et Ell.) Sacc. var. meridionalis F.A. Fernandez大豆南方茎溃疡病菌181.Diaporthe vaccinii Shear蓝莓果腐病菌182.Didymella ligulicola (K.F.Baker, Dimock et L.H.Davis) von Arx菊花花枯病菌183.Didymella lycopersici Klebahn番茄亚隔孢壳茎腐病菌184.Endocronartium harknessii (J.P.Moore) Y.Hiratsuka松瘤锈病菌185.Eutypa lata (Pers.) Tul. et C. Tul.葡萄藤猝倒病菌186.Fusarium circinatum Nirenberg etO'Donnell松树脂溃疡病菌187.Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f.sp. apii Snyd. et Hans芹菜枯萎病菌188.Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f.sp.asparagi Cohen et Heald芦笋枯萎病菌189.Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f.sp.cubense (E.F.Sm.) Snyd.et Hans (Race 4non-Chinese races)香蕉枯萎病菌（4号小种和非中国小种）190.Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f.sp.elaeidis Toovey油棕枯萎病菌191.Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f.sp.fragariae Winks et Williams草莓枯萎病菌192.Fusarium tucumaniae T.Aoki,O’Donnell, Yos.Homma et Lattanzi南美大豆猝死综合症病菌193.Fusarium virguliforme O’Donnell et T.Aoki 北美大豆猝死综合症病菌194.Gaeumannomyces graminis (Sacc.) Arx etD. Olivier var. avenae (E.M. Turner)Dennis燕麦全蚀病菌195.Greeneria uvicola (Berk. et M.A.Curtis) Punithalingam葡萄苦腐病菌196.Gremmeniella abietina (Lagerberg) Morelet 冷杉枯梢病菌197.Gymnosporangium clavipes (Cooke etPeck) Cooke et Peck榲桲锈病菌198.Gymnosporangium fuscum R. Hedw.欧洲梨锈病菌199.Gymnosporangium globosum (Farlow)Farlow美洲山楂锈病菌200.Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae Schwein美洲苹果锈病菌201.Helminthosporium solani Durieu et Mont.马铃薯银屑病菌202.Hypoxylon mammatum (Wahlenberg) J.Miller杨树炭团溃疡病菌203.Inonotus weirii (Murrill) Kotlaba et Pouzar 松干基褐腐病菌204.Leptosphaeria libanotis (Fuckel) Sacc.胡萝卜褐腐病菌205.Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm.) Ces. et De Not.十字花科蔬菜黑胫病菌206.Leucostoma cincta (Fr.:Fr.) Hohn.苹果溃疡病菌207.Melampsora farlowii (J.C.Arthur) J.J.Davis 铁杉叶锈病菌208.Melampsora medusae Thumen杨树叶锈病菌209.Microcyclus ulei (P.Henn.) von Arx橡胶南美叶疫病菌210.Monilinia fructicola (Winter) Honey美澳型核果褐腐病菌211.Moniliophthora roreri (Ciferri et Parodi) Evans 可可链疫孢荚腐病菌212.Monosporascus cannonballus Pollack et Uecker甜瓜黑点根腐病菌213.Mycena citricolor (Berk. et Curt.) Sacc.咖啡美洲叶斑病菌214.Mycocentrospora acerina (Hartig)Deighton香菜腐烂病菌215.Mycosphaerella dearnessii M.E.Barr松针褐斑病菌216.Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet香蕉黑条叶斑病菌217.Mycosphaerella gibsonii H.C.Evans松针褐枯病菌218.Mycosphaerella linicola Naumov亚麻褐斑病菌219.Mycosphaerella musicola J.L.Mulder香蕉黄条叶斑病菌220.Mycosphaerella pini E.Rostrup松针红斑病菌221.Nectria rigidiuscula Berk.et Broome可可花瘿病菌222.Ophiostoma novo-ulmi Brasier新榆枯萎病菌223.Ophiostoma ulmi (Buisman) Nannf.榆枯萎病菌224.Ophiostoma wageneri (Goheen et Cobb) Harrington针叶松黑根病菌225.Ovulinia azaleae Weiss杜鹃花枯萎病菌226.Periconia circinata（M.Mangin）Sacc.高粱根腐病菌227.Peronosclerospora spp. (non-Chinese) 玉米霜霉病菌（非中国种）228.Peronospora farinosa (Fries: Fries) Friesf.sp. betae Byford甜菜霜霉病菌229.Peronospora hyoscyami de Bary f.sp.tabacina (Adam) Skalicky烟草霜霉病菌230.Pezicula malicorticis (Jacks.) Nannfeld 苹果树炭疽病菌231.Phaeoramularia angolensis (T.Carvalho et O. Mendes)P.M. Kirk柑橘斑点病菌232.Phellinus noxius (Corner) G.H.Cunn.木层孔褐根腐病菌233.Phialophora gregata (Allington etChamberlain) W.Gams大豆茎褐腐病菌234.Phialophora malorum (Kidd et Beaum.) McColloch苹果边腐病菌235.Phoma exigua Desmazières f.sp. foveata (Foister) Boerema马铃薯坏疽病菌236.Phoma glomerata (Corda) Wollenweber et Hochapfel葡萄茎枯病菌237.Phoma pinodella (L.K. Jones)Morgan-Jones et K.B. Burch豌豆脚腐病菌238.Phoma tracheiphila (Petri) L.A. Kantsch. et Gikaschvili柠檬干枯病菌239.Phomopsis sclerotioides van Kesteren黄瓜黑色根腐病菌240.Phymatotrichopsis omnivora (Duggar)Hennebert棉根腐病菌241.Phytophthora cambivora (Petri) Buisman 栗疫霉黑水病菌242.Phytophthora erythroseptica Pethybridge 马铃薯疫霉绯腐病菌243.Phytophthora fragariae Hickman草莓疫霉红心病菌244.Phytophthora fragariae Hickman var. rubi W.F. Wilcox et J.M. Duncan树莓疫霉根腐病菌245.Phytophthora hibernalis Carne柑橘冬生疫霉褐腐病菌246.Phytophthora lateralis Tucker et Milbrath 雪松疫霉根腐病菌247.Phytophthora medicaginis E.M. Hans. etD.P. Maxwell苜蓿疫霉根腐病菌248.Phytophthora phaseoli Thaxter菜豆疫霉病菌249.Phytophthora ramorum Werres, De Cock et Man in’t Vel d栎树猝死病菌250.Phytophthora sojae Kaufmann etGerdemann大豆疫霉病菌251.Phytophthora syringae (Klebahn) Klebahn 丁香疫霉病菌252.Polyscytalum pustulans (M.N. Owen et Wakef.) M.B.Ellis马铃薯皮斑病菌253.Protomyces macrosporus Unger香菜茎瘿病菌254.Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides(Fron) Deighton小麦基腐病菌255.Pseudopezicula tracheiphila(Müller-Thurgau) Korf et Zhuang葡萄角斑叶焦病菌256.Puccinia pelargonii-zonalis Doidge 天竺葵锈病菌257.Pycnostysanus azaleae (Peck) Mason杜鹃芽枯病菌258.Pyrenochaeta terrestris (Hansen) Gorenz, Walker et Larson洋葱粉色根腐病菌259.Pythium splendens Braun油棕猝倒病菌260.Ramularia beticola Fautr. et Lambotte甜菜叶斑病菌261.Rhizoctonia fragariae Husain etW.E.McKeen草莓花枯病菌262.Rigidoporus lignosus (Klotzsch) Imaz.橡胶白根病菌263.Sclerophthora rayssiae Kenneth, Kaltin et Wahl var. zeae Payak et Renfro玉米褐条霜霉病菌264.Septoria petroselini (Lib.) Desm.欧芹壳针孢叶斑病菌265.Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens Xiao et J. D.Rogers苹果球壳孢腐烂病菌266.Sphaeropsis tumefaciens Hedges柑橘枝瘤病菌267.Stagonospora avenae Bissett f. sp. triticea T. Johnson麦类壳多胞斑点病菌268.Stagonospora sacchari Lo et Ling甘蔗壳多胞叶枯病菌269.Synchytrium endobioticum (Schilberszky) Percival马铃薯癌肿病菌270.Thecaphora solani (Thirumalachar etM.J.O’Brien) Mordue马铃薯黑粉病菌271.Tilletia controversa Kühn小麦矮腥黑穗病菌272.Tilletia indica Mitra小麦印度腥黑穗病菌273.Urocystis cepulae Frost葱类黑粉病菌274.Uromyces transversalis (Thümen) Winter 唐菖蒲横点锈病菌275.Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) Winter苹果黑星病菌276.Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke et Berthold 苜蓿黄萎病菌277.Verticillium dahliae Kleb.棉花黄萎病菌原核生物（78）278.Acidovorax avenae subsp. cattleyae ( Pavarino) Willems et al.兰花褐斑病菌279.Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli ( Schaadet al. ) Willems et al.瓜类果斑病菌280.Acidovorax konjaci ( Goto ) Willems et al.魔芋细菌性叶斑病菌281.Alder yellows phytoplasma桤树黄化植原体282.Apple proliferation phytoplasma苹果丛生植原体283.Apricot chlorotic leafroll phtoplasma杏褪绿卷叶植原体284.Ash yellows phytoplasma白蜡树黄化植原体285.Blueberry stunt phytoplasma蓝莓矮化植原体286.Burkholderia caryophylli ( Burkholder ) Yabuuchi et al.香石竹细菌性萎蔫病菌287.Burkholderia gladioli pv. alliicola ( Burkholder ) Urakami et al.洋葱腐烂病菌288.Burkholderia glumae ( Kurita et Tabei ) Urakami et al.水稻细菌性谷枯病菌289.Candidatus Liberobacter africanum Jagoueix et al.非洲柑桔黄龙病菌290.Candidatus Liberobacter asiaticum Jagoueix et al.亚洲柑桔黄龙病菌291.Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense澳大利亚植原体候选种292.Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.insidiosus ( McCulloch ) Davis et al.苜蓿细菌性萎蔫病菌293.Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.michiganensis ( Smith ) Davis et al.番茄溃疡病菌294.Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.nebraskensis ( Vidaver et al. ) Davis et al.玉米内州萎蔫病菌295.Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.sepedonicus( Spieckermann et al. ) Daviset al.马铃薯环腐病菌296.Coconut lethal yellowing phytoplasma椰子致死黄化植原体297.Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv.flaccumfaciens ( Hedges ) Collins et Jones菜豆细菌性萎蔫病菌298.Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. oortii ( Saaltink et al. ) Collins et Jones郁金香黄色疱斑病菌299.Elm phloem necrosis phytoplasma榆韧皮部坏死植原体300.Enterobacter cancerogenus( Urosevi ) Dickey et Zumoff 杨树枯萎病菌301.Erwinia amylovora( Burrill ) Winslow et al.梨火疫病菌302.Erwinia chrysanthemi Burkhodler et al.菊基腐病菌303.Erwinia pyrifoliae Kim, Gardan, Rhim et Geider亚洲梨火疫病菌304.Grapevine flavescence dorée phytoplasma 葡萄金黄化植原体305.Lime witches’ broom phytoplasma来檬丛枝植原体306.Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii ( Smith ) Mergaert et al.玉米细菌性枯萎病菌307.Peach X-disease phytoplasma桃X病植原体308.Pear decline phytoplasma梨衰退植原体309.Potato witches’ broom phytoplasma马铃薯丛枝植原体310.Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola ( Burkholder ) Gardan et al.菜豆晕疫病菌311.Pseudomonas syringae pv. morsprunorum ( Wormald ) Young et al.核果树溃疡病菌312.Pseudomonas syringae pv. persicae ( Prunier et al. ) Young et al.桃树溃疡病菌313.Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi( Sackett ) Young et al.豌豆细菌性疫病菌314.Pseudomonas syringae pv.maculicola (McCulloch) Young et al十字花科黑斑病菌315.Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato ( Okabe ) Young et al.番茄细菌性叶斑病菌316.Ralstonia solanacearum ( Smith ) Yabuuchi et al.（race 2）香蕉细菌性枯萎病菌（2号小种）317.Rathayibacter rathayi( Smith ) Zgurskaya et al.鸭茅蜜穗病菌318.Spiroplasma citri Saglio et al.柑橘顽固病螺原体319.Strawberry multiplier phytoplasma草莓簇生植原体320.Xanthomonas albilineans( Ashby ) Dowson甘蔗白色条纹病菌321.Xanthomonas arboricola pv. celebensis( Gaumann ) Vauterin et al.香蕉坏死条纹病菌322.Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. betlicola ( Patel et al. ) Vauterin et al.胡椒叶斑病菌323.Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri ( Hasse ) Vauterin et al.柑橘溃疡病菌324.Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis ( Bondar ) Vauterin et al.木薯细菌性萎蔫病菌325.Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vasculorum ( Cobb ) Vauterin et al.甘蔗流胶病菌326.Xanthomonas campestris pv.mangiferaeindicae ( Patel et al. ) Robbs etal.芒果黑斑病菌327.Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum ( Yirgou et Bradbury ) Dye香蕉细菌性萎蔫病菌328.Xanthomonas cassavae ( ex Wiehe et Dowson ) V auterin et al.木薯细菌性叶斑病菌329.Xanthomonas fragariae Kennedy et King 草莓角斑病菌330.Xanthomonas hyacinthi ( Wakker ) Vauterin et al.风信子黄腐病菌331.Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae( Ishiyama ) Swings et al.水稻白叶枯病菌332.Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola ( Fang et al. ) Swings et al.水稻细菌性条斑病菌333.Xanthomonas populi( ex Ride ) Ride et Ride杨树细菌性溃疡病菌334.Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al.木质部难养细菌335.Xylophilus ampelinus( Panagopoulos ) Willems et al.葡萄细菌性疫病菌线虫（20）336.Anguina agrostis (Steinbuch) Filipjev剪股颖粒线虫337.Aphelenchoides fragariae (Ritzema Bos) Christie草莓滑刃线虫338.Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi (Schwartz) Steiner et Bührer菊花滑刃线虫339.Bursaphelenchus cocophilus (Cobb) Baujard椰子红环腐线虫340.Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner et Bührer ) Nickle 松材线虫341.Ditylenchus angustus (Butler ) Filipjev水稻茎线虫342.Ditylenchus destructor Thorne腐烂茎线虫343.Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn ) Filipjev鳞球茎茎线虫344.Globodera pallida (Stone ) Behrens马铃薯白线虫345.Globodera rostochiensis (Wollenweber ) Behrens马铃薯金线虫346.Heterodera schachtii Schmidt甜菜胞囊线虫347.Longidorus (Filipjev) Micoletzky（The species transmit viruses）长针线虫属（传毒种类）348.Meloidogyne Goeldi (non-Chinese species)根结线虫属（非中国种）349.Nacobbus abberans (Thorne ) Thorne et Allen异常珍珠线虫350.Paralongidorus maximus (Bütschli ) Siddiqi最大拟长针线虫351.Paratrichodorus Siddiqi （The species transmit viruses）拟毛刺线虫属（传毒种类）352.Pratylenchus Filipjev (non-Chinese species)短体线虫(非中国种)353.Radopholus similis (Cobb) Thorne香蕉穿孔线虫354.Trichodorus Cobb （The species transmit viruses）毛刺线虫属（传毒种类）355.Xiphinema Cobb （The species transmit viruses）剑线虫属（传毒种类）病毒及类病毒（39）356.African cassava mosaic virus, ACMV非洲木薯花叶病毒（类）357.Apple stem grooving virus, ASPV苹果茎沟病毒358.Arabis mosaic virus, ArMV南芥菜花叶病毒359.Banana bract mosaic virus, BBrMV香蕉苞片花叶病毒360.Bean pod mottle virus, BPMV菜豆荚斑驳病毒361.Broad bean stain virus, BBSV蚕豆染色病毒362. Cacao swollen shoot virus, CSSV 可可肿枝病毒 363. Carnation ringspot virus, CRSV 香石竹环斑病毒 364. Cotton leaf crumple virus, CLCrV 棉花皱叶病毒 365. Cotton leaf curl virus, CLCuV 棉花曲叶病毒 366. Cowpea severe mosaic virus, CPSMV 豇豆重花叶病毒 367.Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus, CGMMV 黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒 368. Maize chlorotic dwarf virus, MCDV 玉米褪绿矮缩病毒 369. Maize chlorotic mottle virus, MCMV 玉米褪绿斑驳病毒 370. Oat mosaic virus, OMV 燕麦花叶病毒 371. Peach rosette mosaic virus, PRMV 桃丛簇花叶病毒 372. Peanut stunt virus, PSV 花生矮化病毒 373. Plum pox virus, PPV 李痘病毒 374. Potato mop-top virus, PMTV 马铃薯帚顶病毒 375. Potato virus A, PV A 马铃薯A 病毒 376. Potato virus V, PVV 马铃薯V 病毒 377. Potato yellow dwarf virus, PYDV 马铃薯黄矮病毒 378. Prunus necrotic ringspot virus, PNRSV 李属坏死环斑病毒 379. Southern bean mosaic virus, SBMV 南方菜豆花叶病毒 380. Sowbane mosaic virus, SoMV 藜草花叶病毒 381. Strawberry latent ringspot virus, SLRSV 草莓潜隐环斑病毒 382. Sugarcane streak virus, SSV 甘蔗线条病毒 383. Tobacco ringspot virus, TRSV 烟草环斑病毒 384. Tomato black ring virus, TBRV 番茄黑环病毒 385. Tomato ringspot virus, ToRSV 番茄环斑病毒 386. Tomato spotted wilt virus, TSWV 番茄斑萎病毒 387. Wheat streak mosaic virus, WSMV 小麦线条花叶病毒 388.Apple fruit crinkle viroid , AFCVd 苹果皱果类病毒 389. Avocado sunblotch viroid, ASBVd 鳄梨日斑类病毒 390. Coconut cadang-cadang viroid, CCCVd 椰子死亡类病毒 391. Coconut tinangaja viroid, CTiVd 椰子败生类病毒 392. Hop latent viroid, HLVd 啤酒花潜隐类病毒 393. Pear blister canker viroid , PBCVd 梨疱症溃疡类病毒 394. Potato spindle tuber viroid, PSTVd 马铃薯纺锤块茎类病毒 杂草（41） 395. Aegilops cylindrica Horst 具节山羊草 396. Aegilops squarrosa L. 节节麦 397. Ambrosia spp. 豚草（属） 398. Ammi majus L. 大阿米芹 399. Avena barbata Brot. 细茎野燕麦 400. Avena ludoviciana Durien 法国野燕麦 401. Avena sterilis L. 不实野燕麦 402. Bromus rigidus Roth 硬雀麦 403. Bunias orientalis L. 疣果匙荠 404. Caucalis latifolia L. 宽叶高加利405. Cenchrus spp. (non-Chinese species) 蒺藜草（属）（非中国种） 406. Centaurea diffusa Lamarck 铺散矢车菊 407. Centaurea repens L. 匍匐矢车菊408. Crotalaria spectabilis Roth 美丽猪屎豆 409. Cuscuta spp. 菟丝子（属） 410. Emex australis Steinh. 南方三棘果 411. Emex spinosa (L.) Campd. 刺亦模 412. Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng. 紫茎泽兰 413. Eupatorium odoratum L. 飞机草 414. Euphorbia dentata Michx. 齿裂大戟 415. Flaveria bidentis (L.) Kuntze 黄顶菊416.Ipomoea pandurata (L.) G.F.W.Mey.提琴叶牵牛花417.Iva axillaris Pursh小花假苍耳418.Iva xanthifolia Nutt.假苍耳419.Knautia arvensis (L.) Coulter欧洲山萝卜ctuca pulchella (Pursh) DC.野莴苣ctuca serriola L.毒莴苣422.Lolium temulentum L.毒麦423.Mikania micrantha Kunth薇甘菊424.Orobanche spp.列当（属）425.Oxalis latifolia Kubth宽叶酢浆草426.Senecio jacobaea L.臭千里光427.Solanum carolinense L.北美刺龙葵428.Solanum elaeagnifolium Cay.银毛龙葵429.Solanum rostratum Dunal.刺萼龙葵430.Solanum torvum Swartz刺茄431.Sorghum almum Parodi.黑高粱432.Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.(Johnsongrass and its cross breeds)假高粱（及其杂交种）433.Striga spp. (non-Chinese species)独脚金（属）（非中国种）434.Tribulus alatus Delile翅蒺藜435.Xanthium spp. (non-Chinese species) 苍耳（属）（非中国种）备注1：非中国种是指中国未有发生的种；备注2：非中国小种是指中国未有发生的小种；备注3：传毒种类是指可以作为植物病毒传播介体的线虫种类。
土荆芥白粉病菌的分子检测与鉴定
2021年4月Apr.2021第45卷第2期Vol.45,No.2热带农业工程TROPICAL AGRICULTURAL ENCINEERING土荆芥白粉病菌的分子检测与鉴定①范会云②③黄勇陈卫明黄意成曾庆钱（广东省中药研究所广东广州510000）摘要为确定广东惠州地区土荆芥白粉病菌种类，将采自广东惠州醪酥村的土荆芥白粉病植株进行病原菌分离以及分子检测和鉴定。
结果表明：广东省惠州市醪酥村土荆芥白粉病菌与希腊红菾菜白粉菌相似度较高，达99%以上，而且与韩国土荆芥白粉病菌种类一致，确定我国土荆芥白粉病菌为Erysiphe betae 。
同时，PCR 技术和ITS 序列可以用作土荆芥白粉病菌分类依据。
关键词土荆芥；白粉病；ITS 序列；分子检测中图分类号S432.4+2Molecular Detection and Identification of Pathogen Causing Powdery Mildew ofChenopodium ambrosioides L.FAN HuiyunHUANG YongCHEN WeimingHUANG YichengZENG Qingqian(Guangdong Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510000)Abstract In order to confirm the pathogen species of powdery mildew of Chenopodium ambrosioides L.,the diseased plants collected from Laosu of Guangdong province were used to separate and detect the patho ‐gen by PCR technology.The results showed that Erysiphe .sp of Chenopodium ambrosioides L.from Guangdong has higher similarity with Erysiphe .sp of Beta vulgaris var.cicla from Greece,to above 99%and is consistent with Erysiphe .sp of Chenopodium ambrosioides L.from Korea.All above,Erysiphe .sp of Chenopodium ambrosioides L.from Guangdong is Erysiphe betae.Meanwhile,PCR technology and ITS se ‐quence can be used to classification basis of Erysiphe .sp of Chenopodium ambrosioides L..Keywords Chenopodium ambrosioides L.;powdery mildew ;ITS sequence ;molecular detection土荆芥（Chenopodium ambrosioides L ．）为藜科藜属芳香性草本植物，原产于中美洲、南美和墨西哥南部，全草入药。
蝉花
蝉花[chán huā]科技名词定义中文名称：蝉花英文名称：Cordyceps sobolifera;C. cicadae定义：感染蝉类的一种虫草属昆虫病原真菌，因其僵硬的虫尸上形成的子实体（子囊座）形状似花而得名。
应用学科：昆虫学（一级学科）；昆虫病理学（二级学科）以上内容由全国科学技术名词审定委员会审定公布百科名片蝉花蝉花(CordycepsciecadaeShing)也称蝉菌蝉蛹草，是一种具有动物和植物特征的奇妙生物根是蝉蛹或山蝉的幼虫体，花是从单个或是2-3个蝉幼虫头部生长出来的，约一寸多长，从顶端开花分枝。
据有关的研究提出，蝉花属于生物病态现象，是一种虫菌相依的组合体。
秋季来临，蝉钻入土中，逐渐变成蝉蛹，在羽化前被冬虫夏草菌类寄生，当生活备件适宜时，就开始萌发成菌丝体，吸收虫体的营养，最终虫体被菌丝体完全占有而只剩下一个躯壳。
万物复苏时节，菌丝体又从营养阶段转化为有性阶段，渐渐从顶端开花分枝，故而得名蝉花。
中文学名：蝉花别称：蝉蛹草、蝉茸、冠蝉、胡蝉、蜩、螗蜩、唐蜩界：真菌界门：真菌门(Eumycota)亚门：子囊菌亚门(Ascomycotion)纲：核菌纲(Pyrenomycetes)目：麦角菌目(Clavicipitales)科：麦角菌科(Clavicipitaceae)属：虫草菌属种：蝉花分布区域：分布在江苏、浙江、福建、四川、西藏目录基本信息有效成分药理作用动植物形态生药材鉴定相关研究饮片与相关药物展开基本信息有效成分药理作用动植物形态生药材鉴定相关研究饮片与相关药物展开基本信息蝉花药名：蝉花蝉花别名：虫花、冠蝉、蝘花[1]汉语拼音:chanhua英文名：CicadaSlough拉丁植物动物矿物名：Isaria cicadae Miquel;Cordyceps cicadae Shing有效成分含肝糖、虫草酸、多种生物碱及麦角甾醇等。
日本从虫体部分分离出碱溶性蝉花多糖，为β-（1→3）葡聚糖。
棘白菌素类抗真菌药物的结构与微生物合成
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3
OH OH OH OH OH
H H H H H
OH OH OH OH OH
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH2CONH2 CH2CONH2
Aspergillus aculeatus Aspergillus sydowi Aspergillus nidulans Glarea lozoyensis ATCC 20868 Glarea lozoyensis ATCC 74030 Coleophoma empetri F-11899 Coleophoma crateriformis Coleophoma empetri 14573 Tolypocladium parasiticum 16616 Chalara sp. 22210
FR227673[16]
CH3
CH3
OH
OSO3H
OH
CH2CONH2
· 778 ·
中国医药工业杂志 Chinese Journal of Pharmaceuticals 2010, 41(10)
echinocandin 类是最早被发现的一类棘白菌素 类抗生素，它们都来源于曲霉菌，与其它两类棘白 菌素最典型的差别在于肽环上的谷氨酰胺被苏氨酸 所取代。echinocandin B 被发现后不久，又发现了 与其结构类似的 aculeacin A[8] 和 mulundocandin[9] 等，这些化合物的差别仅在于脂肪酸侧链的不同。 此外还有 echinocandin C 与 D，为 echinocandin B 的同系物，差别体现在氨基酸侧链的不同修饰上。 Lilly 公司将 echinocandin B 修饰成 cilofungin [ 10]， 并于 1980 年对 cilofungin 进行了临床研究，但后 来由于其肾脏毒性大而被迫放弃。随后 Lilly 公司 将此技术转让给 Versicor 公司，该公司通过改造 cilofungin 的脂肪酸侧链得到 anidulafungin，已成功 上市。 pneumocandin 类 棘 白 菌 素 化 合 物 是 Merck 公 司 科 学 家 发 现 并 命 名 的， 生 产 菌 为 Glarea lozoyensis
大鹏半岛土壤纤毛虫的群落特点
211 自然概况 大鹏半岛 (114°30′E , 22°30′N) 隶属广东省的深圳市 ,面积
约 120km2 . 该半岛地处热带2亚热带的沿海地区. 地形为低山丘
陵 ,半岛上的最高海拔 867m. 属亚热带海洋性气候 ,年平均气 温 22. 3 ℃;年均降雨量 1925. 1mm. 半岛上的主要植物种类有 台湾相思 ( A cacia conf usa) 、马尾松 ( Pi nus m assoniana) 、柠檬桉 ( Eucadypt us cit riodora) 、桔子 ( Cit rus reticulata) 、岗松 ( B aeckea f rutescens) 、红车 ( S yz ygi um rehderianum ) 、荔枝 ( L itchi chi nen2 sus) 、龙眼 ( Di mocarpus longan) 、纤毛鸭咀草 ( L schaem um cil2 iare) 、五 节 芒 ( M iscant hus japonicus ) 、甜 根 子 草 ( S acharum spontaneum) 、金 发 草 ( Pogonat herum paniceum ) 、鹧 鸪 草 ( Eri2 ache pallesans) 、水蔗草 ( A pl uda m utica) 、野古草 ( A rundi nella hi rta) 、狗尾草 ( Setaria vi ri dis) 等. 半岛上的土壤为红壤 ,p H 偏 酸. 212 研究方法 21211 土样采集 由于原生动物在土壤中的分布呈不均匀态. 为保证研究结果具有代表性 ,故本研究所用土样为混合样品 , 即在该半岛的多个地点的上述几种主要草本植物群落下取凋 落物层和表层 (0～5cm) 土壤并加以混合. 自然风干备用. 21212 土壤纤毛虫的培养 采用“非淹没培养皿”( non2flooded petri dish met hod) 培养法培养[4 ] . 培养温度为 20 ±1 ℃. 21213 纤毛虫种类的活体观察 分别在培养后的第 7 天 、第 14 天 、第 21 天和第 28 天吸取土壤培养液 ,光镜下观察出现的纤
红笼头菌
红笼头菌 红笼头菌（Clathrus ruber）是鬼笔科的一种真菌，是笼头菌属的模式种。由于它的子实体外形像由格子一样的分支围成的中空球体，它常被人称为红笼子。该真菌为腐生真菌，以腐烂的木质植物为食，常单个或成群生长在花园土壤的落叶里，草地上，或覆盖园地的木片上。虽然被认为主要是一个欧洲物种，红笼头菌已被引入到其他地区，现在它已有广泛的分布，包括北非，亚洲，澳大利亚，北美和南美。红笼头菌的产孢组织有恶臭味，能吸引苍蝇和其他昆虫来帮助传播孢子。尽管该菌的可食用性还不确定，它的气味已很难让人愿意吃它。 种系发生和命名 红笼头菌早在1560年已由瑞士博物学家康拉德·盖斯勒在他的《水生动物命名》（Nomenclator Aquatilium Animantium）中给出描绘，但盖斯勒把这种蘑菇误认为一种海洋生物。1597年它出现在约翰·杰拉德的《大植物志》（Great Herball）的木刻画中，1601年又出现在卡罗勒斯·克拉西斯的《潘诺尼亚真菌简史》（Fungorum in Pannoniis Observatorum Brevis Historia，被一些人认为是史上第一部真菌专著）中。它也是卡西亚诺·达尔·波佐的《纸上博物馆》（museo cartaceo，含有数千张自然世界的插图）的特色物种之一。 1729年，意大利人皮尔·安东尼·米切利在他的《按图氏法排列的植物新种中》，第一次对红笼头菌给出科学描述，并将它命名为Clathrus ruber。 红笼头菌是笼头菌属的模式种，根据2006年发表的分子学分析，在研究中用到的大约40种鬼笔目物种中，与红笼头菌亲缘关系最近的是Aseroe rubra，阿切氏笼头菌（Clathrus archeri），Laternea triscapa，和Clathrus chrysomycelinus。 红笼头菌的属名Clathrus来自古希腊语，意思是格子，它的种名ruber是拉丁语，意思是红色。它常被通俗地叫做篮子臭角，格子臭角，或红笼子。在前南斯拉夫亚德里亚海内地，它被当地人叫做巫女心。 可食用性和民俗 虽然关于红笼头菌的可食性没有正式的记录，它的臭味已能打消大多数人吃它的想法。一般来说，臭角蘑菇（鬼笔科真菌）在菌卵阶段是可食用的，并且在欧洲和亚洲某些地区被认为是美味，它们被腌制，并被当作“魔鬼的蛋”在市场上出售。然而，1854年的一份报告警示了那些想食用成熟子实体的人，南卡罗来纳州的F. Peyre Porcher博士描述了由该蘑菇引发的中毒事件：“一个年轻人吃了一点，六小时后，他开始感到胃下部疼痛的紧绷和剧烈的抽搐。他失去了说话的能力，陷入昏迷状态，并持续了48八小时。服用了催吐剂之后，他吐出来一个蘑菇碎片，两只蠕虫和带血的粘液。后来热敷牛奶，油和润肤剂获得了成功。”英国真菌学家唐纳德·德林在他1980年的关于笼头菌科的专著中写道，红笼头菌在欧洲南部民间的评价不是很高。他提到了巴拉在1858年报告的一次摄入后的中毒事件，以及西罗·波利尼曾报告该蘑菇长在一个废弃教堂墓穴中的一个骷髅头上。还有人认为这种蘑菇会导致癌症，并且常常把发现的蘑菇掩埋。在法国其他地区，它被认为会导致皮疹和惊厥。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
ISSN (print) 0093-4666 © 2012. Mycotaxon, Ltd. ISSN (online) 2154-8889MYCOTAXON
http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/122.255 Volume 122, pp. 255–259 October–December 2012
A microfungus from Costa Rica: Ticosynnema gen. nov.Rafael F. Castañeda-Ruiz1, María M. Granados2, Melissa Mardones3, Marc Stadler4*, David W. Minter5, Margarita Hernández-Restrepo6, Josepa Gené6 & Josep Guarro6
1Instituto de Investigaciones Fundamentales en Agricultura Tropical ‘Alejandro de Humboldt’ (INIFAT), Académico Titular de la “Academia de Ciencias de Cuba”, Calle 1 Esq. 2, Santiago de Las Vegas, C. Habana, Cuba, C.P.172002Centro de Investigaciones en Protección de Cultivos (CIPROC), Universidad de Costa Rica3Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica4Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz-Center for infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 8,38124 Braunschweig, Germany5Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey, TW20 9TY, United Kingdom6Unitat de Micologia, Facultat de Medicina Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain*Correspondence to: marc.stadler@t-online.de
Abstract — Ticosynnema carranzae gen. & sp. nov., a new microfungus collected on the twig of an unidentified plant, is described and illustrated. It is distinguished by synnematous determinate conidiomata, monoblastic integrated determinate conidiogenous cells, and solitary, 3–4-septate, oblong, cylindrical to vermiform, brown conidia that secede rhexolytically.Key words — anamorphic fungi, systematics, leaf litter
During an ascomycete-basidiomycete workshop field course at the VII Latin-American Mycological Congress, more than 100 samples of dead plant material colonized by anamorphic fungi were collected in a dry forest at the wildlife station in Santa Rosa National Park, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Among these samples a conspicuous synnematous fungus was collected, which is herein described and illustrated.
TaxonomyTicosynnema R.F. Castañeda, Granados & Mardones, anam. gen. nov.
MycoBank MB800232Differs from Leuliisinea by brown to black conidiomata and determinate conidiogenous cells, from Endophragmiella by synnematous conidiomata and determinate 256 ... Castañeda-Ruíz & al.
conidiogenous cells, and from Kramasamuha by synnematous conidiomata and unbranched filaments.
Type species: Ticosynnema carranzae R.F. Castañeda et al.Etymology: Tico-, is an indigenous word for Costa Rica, -synnema, referring to the type of conidioma of this anamorphic fungus.
Anamorphic fungi. Conidiomata on the natural substratum synnematous, scattered, determinate, dark brown to black. Mycelium superficial and immersed. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, erect, septate, loosely packed or compact, brown to dark brown. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, integrated, determinate, terminal. Conidial secession rhexolytic. Conidia solitary, acrogenous, cylindrical, vermiform to oblong, with a conspicuous basal frill produced by the rhexolytic fracture of the wall of the conidiogenous cells, septate, foveate, smooth or verruculose, pale brown to brown. Teleomorph unknown.
Note: Ticosynnema superficially resembles Leuliisinea Matsush., but has percurrent proliferating, annellate conidiogenous cells and hyaline conidiomata. In fact, the two genera are similar only with respect to rhexolytic conidial secession (Matsushima 1985, Seifert et al. 2011). Endophragmiella B. Sutton and Kramasamuha Subram. & Vittal (Seifert et al. 2011) also produce conidia by rhexolytic fracture of the monoblastic conidiogenous cells, but both lack synnematous conidiomata. Endophragmiella has percurrent conidiogenous cell proliferations while such proliferations are absent in Ticosynnema and Kramasamuha. In addition, short sympodial or verticillate branches are present in Kramasamuha (Subramanian & Vittal 1973, Seifert et al. 2011).
Ticosynnema carranzae R.F. Castañeda, Granados & Mardones,
anam. sp. nov. Figs 1,2MycoBank MB800231Differs from Leuliisinea bambusicola by having brown to black conidiomata and determinate conidiogenous cells, from Endophragmiella spp. by synnematous conidiomata and determinate conidiogenous cells, and from Kramasamuha sibika by synnematous conidiomata and unbranched filaments.
Type: Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Santa Rosa National Park, wildlife station, 10°52 N 85°35 W, on living twig of unidentified plant, 15 July 2011, coll. Dr. Aida Vasco Palacios, C11/51 (Holotype, HAL 2454 F).
Etymology: Latin, carranzae, named in honor of Dr. Julieta Carranza, a Costa Rican mycologist, for her contribution to Latin-American mycological progress and development.