第七讲：虚拟语气
虚拟语气(19张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件
My suggestion that we (should) have a meeting has been accepted by others.
We all agree to that suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off.
If I had known his telephone number, I would have called him. 如果明天下雨的话，我们会取消比赛．
If it should \were to rain, we would call off the match.
使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点：
China.
A.would be B. has been C. should be D.was
5. He is talking so much about America as if he ___A__ there.
A.had been
B. has been
C. was
D. has gone
6. The young man insisted that he __B___ nothing
I would rather you told me the truth. I would rather you had gone there last Sunday.
4. as if ( as though) 看起来 常用虚拟形式，即 表示与现在事实相反，用过去式；与过去事实相反 用过去完成式 (had done).
虚拟语气
初中英语专项复习
语法学习--虚拟语气(Unit7)
虚拟语气语气，时态和语态都是动词的语法范畴。
语气分为三种：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。
陈述语气用来陈述事实和对事实提出疑问。
祈使语气用来表示命令和请求。
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的一种主观愿望和假设的情况，而并非事实或难以成为事实，用于简单句，条件句以及其他的一些从句中。
Ⅰ. 虚拟语气在条件句中的运用英语中的条件句一般有两种，真实条件句和非真实条件句。
虚拟语气用在非真实条件句。
非真实条件句包括虚拟条件句，推测条件句和错综时间条件句等。
1．虚拟条件句虚拟条件句可以分为两类，一类是叙述与现实事实相反的情况，一类是叙述与过去事实相反的情况，其构成形式是：条件从句结果主句与现在事实相反If I(we, you, he, she,it, they)+动词的过去式（be动词的过去式一律用were）I(we, you, he, she, it,they)+would+动词原形与过去事实相反 If I(we, you, he, she,it, they) had+ 过去分词I(we, you, he, she, it,they)+ would+have+过去分词注意；would 省略时也可以按句意换用should, could或might.The flood might have caused great damages to the people if we hadn’t built so many reservoirs.The conference wouldn’t have been so successful if we hadn’t made adequate preparations.I am sorry I am very busy just now. If I had time, I would certainly go to the movies with you2．推测条件句对未来的事进行推测，在讲话人的心目中，虽然不认为推测条件的实现违背事实或绝对不可能，但却认为可能性极小。
一轮复习课件第二编专题一第7讲情态动词和虚拟语气_4
(2)用作实义动词 ③You don't need to do it yourself. 你不必亲自做这件事。 ④Most people hate Harry but they don't dare to say so. 大多数人都对哈利敢怒不敢言。
考点 2 情态动词表推测 1．情态动词表对现在情况的推测 (1)can 用于肯定句中表示客观的可能性，意为“有时会”；用于疑问句 中可以表示推测，意为“可能”，有时表示一种惊讶的语气；用于否定句中 也可以表示推测，can't 意为“不可能”，语气很强烈。
2.(2018·江苏高考)未经主人的允许他竟然拿了那些书，这太不可思议了。 It was strange that he ______sh_o_u_l_d_h_a_v_e_t_a_k_en_____ the books without the owner's permission. 3.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜。 Some classmates suggest we __(s_h_o_u_ld_)_g_o____ to places of interest nearby.
3.(2018·天津高考)If we ________ (catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.
答案：had caught 根据 if 条件句中的 yesterday 可知，此处表示对过去 的虚拟假设，故从句中的时态应用过去完成时。
2.(2018·江苏高考)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I ________ (have) a second chance to become more involved.
Unit7Grammar虚拟语气
含蓄条件句。 ４、 含蓄条件句。
有时为了表达的需要， 有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不是总是 出现if引导的条件句，而是通过其他手段来代替条 出现 引导的条件句， 引导的条件句 件句。 件句。 I was ill that day. Otherwise , I would have taken part in the sports meet.（副词） He telephoned to inform me of you birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.（连词） I might have given you more help, but I was too busy.（连词） Everything taken into consideration, they would have raised their output quickly.（独立主格）
与过去相反
条件从句 与过去相反 条件从句的谓语形式 主语的谓语形式
If I (you, he/she, they, should/would/could/ we )+had +过去分词 might+have+过去分 过去分词 过去分 词
例： If I had come yesterday, I would have seen him.
条件从句 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 过去时（were） would/could/should/ 现在 might +V.（原） would/could/should/ 过去 过去完成时 might+have+p.p.
1.过去时
未来 2.should+V.
虚拟语气大全PPT
05
虚拟语气的常见错误
时态错误
总结词
时态错误是虚拟语气中常见的错误之 一，主要表现在时态与虚拟场景不匹 配。
详细描述
在虚拟语气中，时态应与虚拟场景相 符合。例如，在表示与现在事实相反 的虚拟场景时，应使用一般过去时， 而不是一般现在时。
语气词错误
要点一
总结词
语气词错误是指在使用虚拟语气时，语气词的选择不正确 。
虚拟语气在省略句中的用法
虚拟语气在if省略句中的用法
在if省略句中，如果条件状语从句中有were、had、should等词，可以省略if，并把were、had、should等词放 在句首。
虚拟语气在倒装句中的用法
在虚拟语气中，有时需要将谓语动词提前构成倒装句，以强调语气。例如，Were it not for your help, I would not have succeeded.
答案及解析
had read
解析
此题考查虚拟语气中的“if only”结构，表示“要是…… 就好了”。根据句意，应该使用过去完成时表示与过去事 实相反的情况。因此，答案为“had read”。
翻译题练习
翻译题1
如果我是你，我就会去参加那个 聚会。
答案及解析
If I were you, I would go to the party.
06
虚拟语气练习题及解析
选择题练习
选择题1
If it were not for the fact that I _______ busy, I would go with you.
答案及解析
A. am B. were C. will be D. have been
解析
虚拟语气语法
虚拟语气（Unit 7）虚拟语气表示所说的话只是一种主观的愿望、假想和建议等。
Ⅰ在条件句中的运用⒈条件句表示假定情况的句子，是最常使用虚拟语气的一种句型。
条件句可表示对过去、现在、将来的假设。
在表示不同时间上的假设时，条件从句的谓语动词的用法是不同的，试看下表比较：⑴If I were rich, I would buy that car.⑵If I had a car, I should be very happy.⑶If you asked him, he might tell you.⒊表示与过去事实相反的情况⑴If I had known her phone number, I would have called her.⑵If he had hurried, he could have caught the train.⑶If he had been there, he would have helped you.⒋表示与将来事实相反的情况⑴If I were to go abroad, I would go to America.⑵If I saw him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him.⑶If it should rain tomorrow, I might get lost.⒌省略if的条件从句如果条件从句部分含有系动词were, should, 或had,有时可将if 省略，把were, should,had 移到主语之前；但如果从句中没有were, should, had, 则不能。
⑴Were I you, I would get up early in the morning.⑵Had you arrived at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday, you could have caught the train.⑶Had he recognized me, he would have come over.⒍有时主句和从句分别表示发生在不同时间的动作或状态，这时动词的形式根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
虚拟语气-完整版PPT课件
= It is our suggestion that you (should) be there on time.
= It is suggested that you (should) be there on time.
2.If I had had time, I would have stayed there. Had I had time,
3.If it should rain/If it were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home. Should it rain tomorrow, Were it to rain tomorrow
3）. 错综时间条件句： If you had followed the doctor’s advice, you would feel better now.
条件从句谓语与主句谓语发生时间不一致时，被称为 错综时间条件句。此时主句和从句的谓语动词要依照 假设的时间而定。
If he _h_a_d__s_p_e_n_t(spend) more time practicing speaking English before, he _w_o_u_l_d_b_e____(be) able to speak it better now.
你该离开了。
should do
It’s high time( that )you left.
It’s high time( that) you should leave.
我们该下课了。 It’s time that we had a break. It’s time that we should have a break.
虚拟语气讲解课件
二、虚拟语气用于宾语从句中
Wish 的宾语从句
现在： 过去： 未来：
过去时（were）
过去完成时
would/could/might+V.
I wish I were a bird I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us.
a party for you . a full mark next time,
I ________
____________ ____________ ____________
Were to get
现在事实相反
If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake. If it rained tomorrow, they wouldn’t go for an outing.
Eg : We met in this room .
陈述语气 Do come to the meeting next Friday .
祈使语气 If I were you , I would study hard .
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1 第七讲：虚拟语气 判断下列句子是否正确？ 1． If our earth were nearer to the sun, water would turn to steam. 2． Since traveling across the country might cost much, I advise she mustn’t plan the journey. 3． The driver looked over the engine carefully lest it went wrong on the way. 4． Were he only here, I should give him all I had yesterday. 5． Father’s arrangement that John would wait until next week is quite reasonable. 6． It’s decided that all the members be present. 7． If they insisted yesterday, we would have given up. 8． I’d sooner he didn’t come yesterday. He made so much trouble for us. 9． Without their help then, I couldn’t have finished this project. 10. He orders me about as if I had been his son. 11. She could have been extremely wealthy, but she hadn’t cared about the money. 12. Success go with you!
虚拟语气把行为、状态等当作只存在于话者想象中的“假设”提出，用以表示愿望、建议、推测、要求等。它是通过以不同于陈述语气的谓语动词的变化予以表示。虚拟语气种类繁多，句型复杂。其实可把它归结为两大类。
一．基本表达方法： 用过去时态表示的虚拟（即用时态倒退一挡的方法）； 用(should+)原形动词表示的虚拟
用过去时态表示的虚拟（即用时态倒退一挡的方法，七种情况） (一) 与事实作相反的假设： If 条件句 主句 1．与现在的事实相反： Be: am/is/are 变成 were Have: have/has had should/would/could/might+原形动词 Do: do/does did 2．与过去的事实相反： Be: was/were had been/were Have: had had had should/would/could/might+动词完成时态 Do: did had done 3. 与将来的事实相反： Be: am/is/are should be (现在时态表近来) were to be Were Have: have/has should have Were to have should/would/could/might+原形动词 2
Had Do: do/does should do Were to do Did （二）wish“但愿”后的宾语从句中
与现在情况相反过去时态 I wish she were / had/ did sth. now 与过去情况相反用过去完成时态 He wishes she had been/ had had/ had done 与将来情况相反用过去将来时态 She wishes she would/ could/ might do sth. soon (若wish为过去时态wished, 其变法同上)
(三) If only “要是……该多好啊”引导的状语从句中 与现在情况相反应用过去时态 If only she were / had/ did sth. now 与过去情况相反应用过去完成时态 If only he had been/ had had/ had done 与将来情况相反应用过去将来时态 If only I would/ could/ might do sth. soon
注意：这种从句可单独使用。假如后面跟句子，则其谓语动词的变化与第（一）条中的主句情况相同。 If only he knew French now, he could sing us this French song. If only you had come here yesterday, we could have played a game of cards with you.
（四）as if/ as though ―仿佛，好像……似的‖ (感官指示的或某些情景可能是真实的) This pie tastes as if it has banana in it. 真实 The skirt feels as though it is made of silk. 真实 His words sounded as if he knew everything about it. 真实 Wang Ling is dressed up, as if she were a princess. 虚拟 He was talking eloquently as though he had known everything in the world. 虚拟 She looked panic-stricken as if she had seen a ghost. 虚拟
(五) even if/ even though ―即使……‖(某些情景可能是真实的) He is a good teacher. Even if he is ill, he still goes to give lessons. 真实 I don’t know her address. Even if I knew it, I couldn’t give it to you without his permission 虚拟
（六）It’s ( about/ high/ just) time sb. did sth. It’s about time we had a break. It’s high time he finished his paper. It’s just the time they made preparations for the test.
（七）A would rather/ would sooner/ would just as soon/would prefer himself/ B did (not do) sth. 3
（用于与现在和将来相反的情况） A would rather/ would sooner/ would just as soon/would prefer himself/ B had (not ) done sth. （用于与过去相反的情况）
用(should+) 原形动词表示的虚拟 （用于三类词） 1． 命令：order, command, stipulate(法律明文规定), provide (规定), direct (命令), appoint(命令), 建议：suggest, propose, move, advise, recommend, … 要求：demand, require, request, insist, persist, urge, ask, beg, advocate, pray, persuade, argue, vote (投票决定), … 愿望：intend, agree(决定), arrange，decide, promise, object, desire, determine, resolve(决心), deserve(值得提及), prefer, permit…
句型：She proposes+ that引导的宾语从句 It’s proposed + that引导的主语从句 Her proposal is +that 引导的表语从句
The chairman required that applicants for the positions (should) be qualified. It was required by the chairman that applicants for the positions (should) be qualified. The requirement of the chairman was that applicants for the positions (should) be qualified.
2．It is + essential, vital, appropriate(恰当的), proper, urgent, + that引导的主语从句 desirable, advisable, curious, unfortunate, important, necessary, imperative(迫切的), strange, odd, impossible, strange, odd, curious, right. good, better, keen, preferable, incredible, unbelievable, unthinkable, agreeable, ridiculous, absurd, a pity, pitiful, a shame, shameful, insistent, probable, natural, resolved, eager, anxious, careful, funny, concerned, illegal, amazing, surprising, astonishing, …
It’s urgent that the task (should) be fulfilled today. It’s desirable that a journey around the world (should) be planned soon. It was incredible that he (should) be monitor of the class.
3. Sb. be + glad, pleased, delighted, sorry, regretful, + that引导的状语从句 afraid, shocked, amazed, baffled, sorrowful, furious, angry, annoyed, depressed, disappointed, sad, sorrowful, disappointed, amazed, resentful,