【英语】英语阅读理解模拟试题含解析

【英语】英语阅读理解模拟试题含解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

Amazing concept images have shown what homes of the future could look like, as preparations are made for the world's first free from 3D-printed property (房产).

Experts will build a house called Curve Appeal, which will be 3D-printed off-site before being put together on-site to create two outside walls, a roof and an inside part. These four main sections will then be joined together.

Although 3D-printed buildings have been made before, this home - to be constructed in Chattanooga, Tennessee, later this year — will be the first of its kind, as it will contain no regular shapes or angles. The house is the creation of the design company WATG, based in London and California. The design for Curve Appeal draws inspiration from the Case Study House program.

The architects leading the program were famed for constantly pushing the limits in terms of minimalist (极简主义) materials, and trying to create open-plan spaces that focused on enhancing (增强) natural light. In a w ritten statement, a spokesman for WATG said, “Employing many of the same modem design principles, Curve Appeal is the next evolutionary step. It's important that the architecture and the environment work together harmoniously. The chosen site is steps away from the Tennessee River in a beautiful wooded, sunlit area.”

WATG was awarded the first prize in the Freeform Home Design Challenge in 2016 and given prize money of $ 8,000 to make its plans a reality. The competition was aimed at architects, designers, engineers and artists. Participants were challenged to design a 600 to 800sq ft single-family home that rethinks traditional aesthetics (美学), ergonomics, construction, building systems and structure.

Over the last year, WATG's Chicago office has been developing their design with Branch Technology. This project is currently underway, working towards breaking ground later this year. Once completed, the Curve Appeal home will have open and light-filled inside living spaces.

（1）From the passage we can know that Curve Apple .

A. will be different from an ordinary house

B. is the first 3D-printed building

C. has apparent walls and a roof

D. was ever built in the world

（2）Where is the architect located according to Paragraph 4?

A. Far away from the Tennessee River.

B. In the woods near the Tennessee River.

C. Between the Tennessee River and the woods.

D. Next to some modem architectures.（3）What does the Freeform Home Design Challenge do?

A. It motivates participants to design at random.

B. It emphasizes traditions rather than modernization.

C. It sponsors competitors when necessary.

D. It helps put creative ideas into practice.

（4）What's the passage mainly about?

A. What our homes will look like in the future.

B. The Freeform Home Design Challenge.

C. The world's first freeform 3D-printed house.

D. The development of 3D in architecture.【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上第一个免费的3D打印房子。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Experts will build a house called Curve Appeal, which will be 3D-printed off-site before being put together on-site to create two outside walls, a roof and an inside part. These four main sections will then be joined to gether.”可知，Curve Apple不同于一般的房子。故选A。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The chosen site is steps away from the Tennessee River in a beautiful wooded, sunlit area.”可知，建筑师住在the Tennessee River附近的树林里。故选B。

(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“WATG was awarded the first prize in the Freeform Home Design Challenge in 2016 and given prize money of $ 8,000 to make its plans a reality. The competition was aimed at architects, designers, engineers and artists.”可知，the Freeform Home Design Challenge有助于把创造性的想法付诸实践。故选D。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据第三段中的“Although 3D-printed buildings have been made before, this home - to be constructed in Chattanooga, Tennessee, later this year — will be the first of its kind, as it will contain no regular shapes or angles.”可知，本文主要谈论的是世界上第一个免费的3D打印房子。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Do you have good friends? Do you sometimes feel so close to them that they are like family to you?

It turns out that this isn't just an expression. A study by Yale University and the University of California, San Diego, has found that you and your friends have more genes in common than strangers do, the Guardian reported.

Researchers looked at the genes of 1,932 people and compared them in pairs of unrelated friends and strangers. They found that friends have 1 percent of genes that match.

"One percent may not sound like much to the layperson (外行), but to geneticists (遗传学家) it is a significant number," Professor Nicholas Christakis of Yale University told Discovery News. In fact, this is the same amount of genes you share with your fourth cousins, those who have the same great-great-great grandparents as you.

So is it a coincidence that you become friends with people who share your genes? Not at all. In fact, it is evolution that brings you together.

People who share certain genes also share skills and have similar likes and dislikes, researchers said. In ancient times, it was critical that people who were alike stayed together. For example,

people who had a similar susceptibility (易感性) to the cold were more likely to help each other build a fire, giving them a better chance to survive.

Researchers also found that among all the genes studied, those affecting sense of smell were the most similar in friends. This is probably because people who smell things in the same way are more easily drawn to similar environments. For example, people who like the smell of coffee may hang out at cafes more often and are therefore more likely to meet and become friends with each other.

Based on their findings, the team has developed an interesting test called the "friendship score". It calculates how big the chances are that two people will be friends by studying their genes.

So, here is a question for you: would you like to take this test and know in advance who your friends are going to be, or would you still prefer to figure it out by yourself and let time be the judge?

（1）What is the author's main purpose in writing the article?

A.To explain why friends share skills and interests.

B.To report on recent findings about making friends.

C.To analyze what influences the way people make friends.

D.To explain an interesting test called the "friendship score".

（2）According to the researchers of the study, people _______.

A.form friendships by complete coincidence

B.are genetically similar to their friends, compared to strangers

C.make friends with those who share nearly 10 percent of their genes

D.may share more similar genes with their friends than with their fourth cousins

（3）With the examples of ancient people developing the ability to speak and helping each other build a fire, the author intends to _______.

A.show how ancient people helped each other survive

B.explain that similar interests are what lead to friendship

C.show that it is evolution that brings friends together

D.tell us why it was easier for ancient people to find friends

（4）According to the article, people with similar genes that affect their sense of smell ______.

A.like to hang out at cafes more often

B.are easily attracted to the smell of their friends

C.are more likely to be attracted to a similar environment

D.can identify people in a crowd who can become friends

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，来自耶鲁大学和加利福尼亚大学的研究发现：与

陌生人相比，朋友之间的基因有相似性，所以朋友有时更像是家人。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“A study by Yale University and the University of

California, San Diego, has found that you and your friends have more genes in common than strangers do, the Guardian reported.”耶鲁大学和加利福尼亚大学的研究发现：与陌生人相比，朋友之间的基因有相似性。可知，这篇文章主要讲述关于交朋友的这项新发现。并且由“the Guardian reported”可知，这是一篇新闻报道，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“A study by Yale University and the University of California, San Diego, has found that you and your friends have more genes in common than strangers do, the Guardian reported.”耶鲁大学和加利福尼亚大学的研究发现：与陌生人相比，朋友之间的基因有相似性。可知，与陌生人相比，朋友之间的基因有相似性。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。这个举例出现在倒数第四段，根据倒数第五段中的“So is it a coincidence that you become friends with people who share your genes? Not at all. In fact, it is evolution that brings you together. ”你与你基因相似的人变成朋友是偶然吗？并不是这样的。实际上，是进化将你们带到一起。可知，倒数第四段应该是对进化如何将你们带到一起成为朋友的解释。本段谈到了有相似基因的人也有相似的技能和喜好，然后以古代人为例，说明只有遇到拥有相似技能基因的人他们才能发展语言技能，同时，同样对冷感受比较强烈的人更可能会互相帮助生火，作者举这些例子都是为了说明人们选择了拥有相似基因的人为友，是因为进化的需要，故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段的中的“This is probably because people who sm ell things in the same way are more easily drawn to similar environments.”可能是因为嗅觉相同的人更容易去相似的环境，可知，有相同嗅觉基因的人更容易被吸引去相似的环境中。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Basic information about three classical movies

1 Forrest Gump

"Stupid is as stupid does," says Forrest Gump (played by Tom Hanks in an Oscar-winning performance) as he discusses his relative level of intelligence with a stranger while waiting for a bus. Despite his sub-normal IQ, Gump leads a truly charmed life, with a ringside seat for many of the most memorable events of the second half of the 20th century... (Click here to show more)

Rating: PG-13 (Under 13 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian)

Genre: Comedy, Drama, Romance

Directed By: Robert Zemeckis

Written By: Eric Roth

In Theaters: Jul 6, 1994 Wide

On Disc/Streaming: Aug 28, 2001

Box Office： $ 330,000,000

Runtime: 142 minutes

Studio: Paramount Pictures

2 Rain Man

Self-centered, avaricious Californian Charlie Babbitt (Tom Cruise) is informed that his long-estranged father has died. Expecting at least a portion of the elder Babbitt's $ 3 million estate, Charlie learns that all he's inherited is his dad's prize roses and a 1949 Buick Roadmaster. Discovering that the $ 3 million is being held in trust for an unidentified party, Charlie heads to his home town of Cincinnati to ascertain who that party is…(Click here to show more)

Rating: R(Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian)

Genre: Drama

Directed By: Barry Levinson

Written By: Ronald Bass, Barry Morrow, David Rayfiel, Barry Levinson

In Theaters: Dec 16, 1988 Wide

On Disc/Streaming: Jan 1, 2000

Runtime: 133 minutes

Studio: MGM

3 The Shawshank Redemption

In 1946, a banker named Andy Dufresne (Tim Robbins) is convicted of a double murder, even though he stubbornly proclaims his innocence. He's sentenced to a life term at the Shawshank State Prison in Maine, where another lifer, Ellis "Red" Redding (Morgan Freeman), picks him as the new recruit most likely to crack under the pressure. But... (Click here to show more)

Rating: R (Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian)

Genre: A Prison Drama

Directed By: Frank Darabont

Written By: Frank Darabont

In Theaters: Sep 10, 1994 Wide

On Disc/Streaming: Jan 27, 1998

Runtime: 142 minutes

Studio: Columbia Pictures

（1）Who is the director of Rain Man?

A.Frank Darabont.

B.Barry Morrow.

C.Barry Levinson

D.Robert Zemeckis.

（2）The type of The Shawshank Redemption is .

A.prison drama

B.romance

C.love

https://www.360docs.net/doc/fd11684539.html,edy

（3）Which of the following persons is regarded to be unintelligent in the three movies?

A.Andy Dufresne.

B.Charlie Babbitt.

C.Forrest Gump.

D.Rain Man.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了三部经典电影的基本情况。这三部电影是《阿甘正传》、《雨人》和《肖申克的救赎》。

（1）考查细节理解。根据Rain Man部分中的“Directed By:Barry Levinson”可知，Rain Man 的导演是Barry Levinson。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据The Shaw shank Redemption部分中的“Genre: A Prison Drama，”可知，The Shaw shank Redemption电影的体裁是A Prison Drama监狱剧，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据Forrest Gump部分中的"‘Stupid is as stupid does,’says Forrest

Gump ... Despite his sub-normal IQ, Gump leads a truly charmed life.“傻人有傻福”阿甘（Forrest Gump）的饰演者汤姆·汉克斯说...。尽管他(阿甘)的智商低于正常水平，阿甘过着一种真正令人神往的生活。可知，阿甘的智力不高，所以不聪明。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

Delhi has been the centre of a succession of mighty empires and powerful kingdoms in India. Numerous ruins scattered throughout the territory offer a constant reminder of the area's history, which makes the city always be a fascinating place for tourists.

With the development of the city and more and more people moving, the city has expanded several times in size. That is why it is called New Delhi. New Delhi, a city with a population of over 20 million people, has its newest problem: never before has this city met with the worst air problem.

Air pollution in Indians capital surged to its worst levels in years, covering the city in a thick smog that has become an annual public-health emergency despite government vows to solve the problem.

Hundreds of flights were diverted, delayed and canceled over the weekend due to poor visibility, schools and offices were closed Monday and officials rushed to take emergency measures to try to reverse the eroding air quality. Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.

New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust from construction sites and roads and smoke from crop stubble burning in neighboring states. Fireworks and firecrackers to celebrate the Hindu festival of Diwali then arrives, leaving Delhi the world's most polluted city. The city's air quality index, which measures a mix of dangerous pollutants, registered an average score of 494 Sunday. That is the highest 24-hour average since Nov. 6, 2016, when it hit 497, according to data measured by the Central Pollution Control Board.

（1）Which of the following is NOT true?

A.Diwali is one of the most important festivals in India.

B.The government did little to protect its citizens against the serious pollution.

C.Such a serious air pollution in New Delhi appears on a regular basis.

D.The index of the recent air pollution is not the worst in the history.

（2）Who may not complain about the serious air pollution?

A.The parents whose children have to stay at home.

B.The pilots whose planes have been diverted or delayed.

C.The manufacturers who produce antipollution masks.

D.The officials who have to work out of their offices.

（3）Which of the following phrases can replace the underlined word in paragraph 5?

A.Sent out.

B.Sent up.

C.Sent in.

D.Sent on.

（4）The title of the passage should be .

A.Problems Caused by the Development of New Delhi

B.Dangerous Pollution Envelops New Delhi

C.Antipollution Masks Are in Great Need in New Delhi

D.Farmers in the Neighboring States are to Blame for Burning Crop Stubble

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着城市的发展和越来越多的人口流动，城市规模的扩大，印度的新德里成为世界上污染最严重的城市。虽然政府发誓解决污染问题，但由于污染严重，整个新德里处于危险的污染中，人们必须戴防污口罩，冬天天气寒冷污染物成雾霾，成为世界是污染最严重的城市。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第三段“Air pollution in Indians capital surged to its worst levels in years, covering the city in a thick smog that has become an annual public-health emergency despite government vows to solve the problem.”印度首都的空气污染飙升至多年来最严重的水平，笼罩着这座城市的浓雾已成为年度公共卫生紧急事件，尽管政府誓言要解决这个问题；第五段“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust ..., leaving Delhi the world's most polluted city.” 新德里每年都会被污染吞没，随着天气变冷，汽车和以煤为基础的发电厂排放的污染物、建筑工地和道路上飘动的灰尘，以及邻国农作物秸秆燃烧产生的烟雾，都会形成浓雾。庆祝印度排灯节的烟花爆竹随后到达，使德里现在成为世界上污染最严重的城市；以及第四段中的“Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.” 在学校、学院、医院和市场上分发了数以百万计的防污口罩。可知，政府尽管发誓解决这种污染，但情况不仅没有改变，反而更加严重，使得人们必须佩戴防毒口罩。由此可判断出政府几乎没有保护其公民免受严重污染。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段“Hundreds of flights were diverted, delayed and canceled over the weekend due to poor visibility, schools and offices were closed Monday and officials rushed to take emergency measures to try to reverse the eroding air quality. Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.” 周末期间，由于能见度低，数百架航班被迫改道、延误和取消，学校和办公室周一关闭，官员们紧急采取措施，试图扭转不断恶化的空气质量。学校、大学、医院和市场分发了数百万个防污染口罩。由此可知，由于污染严重，学校、大学、医院和市场分发了数百万个防污染口罩。所以生产防污染口罩的厂家要加大生产，是不会抱怨的，故选C。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust from construction sites and roads and smoke from crop stubble burning in

neighboring states.”本句是说新德里每年都笼罩在污染中。因为天气变冷，从汽车和以煤为基础的发电厂“emitted”的污染物形成了厚厚的雾霾。根据常识可知，汽车和用煤发电的发电厂会“排放或释放”污染物的。由此可判断“emitted”是排放的意思。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。本文叙述了随着城市的发展和越来越多的人口流动，城市规模的扩大，印度的新德里成为世界上污染最严重的城市。虽然政府发誓解决污染问题，但周末的能见度低，数百架航班在周末改道、延误和取消，学校和办公室周一关闭，人们必须戴防污口罩，可知，新德里被严重的污染所笼罩。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是环保类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

Science is finally beginning to embrace animals who were, for a long time, considered second-class citizens.

As Annie Potts of Canterbury University has noted, chickens distinguish among one hundred chicken faces and recognize familiar individuals even after months of separation. When given problems to solve, they reason: hens trained to pick colored buttons sometimes choose to give up an immediate food reward for a slightly later (and better) one. Healthy hens may aid friends, and mourn when those friend die.

Pigs respond meaningful to human symbols. When a research team led by Candace Croney at Penn State University carried wooden blocks marked with X and O symbols around pigs, only the O carriers offered food to the animals. The pigs soon ignored the X carriers in favor of the O's. Then the team switched from real-life objects to T-shirts printed with X or O symbols. Still, the pigs walked only toward the O-shirted people: they had transferred their knowledge to a two-dimensional format, a not inconsiderable feat of reasoning.

I've been guilty of prejudiced expectations, myself. At the start of my career almost four decades ago, I was firmly convinced that monkeys and apes out-think and out-feel other animals. They're other primates(灵长目动物), after all, animals from our own mammalian(哺乳动物的) class. Fairly soon, I came to see that along with our closest living relatives, whales too are masters of cultural learning, and elephants express profound joy and mourning with their social companions. Long-term studies in the wild on these mammals helped to fuel a viewpoint shift in our society: the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys made to undergo painful procedure kin laboratories, elephants forced to perform in circuses, and dolphins kept in small tanks at theme parks.

Over time, though, as I began to broaden out even further and explore the inner lives of fish, chickens, pigs, goats, and cows, I started to wonder: Will the new science of "food animals" bring an ethical (伦理的) revolution in terms of who we eat? In other words, will our ethics start to catch up with the development of our science?

Animal activists are already there, of course, committed to not eating these animals. But what about the rest of us? Can paying attention to the thinking and feeling of these animals lead us to make changes in who we eat?

（1）According to Annie Potts, hens have the ability of_____________.

A. interaction

B. analysis

C. creation

D. abstraction

（2）The research into pigs shows that pigs___________.

A. learn letters quickly

B. have a good eyesight

C. can build up a good relationship

D. can apply knowledge to new situations

（3）Paragraph 4 is mainly about________.

A. the similarities between mammals and humans

B. the necessity of long-term studies on mammals

C. a change in people's attitudes towards animals

D. a discovery of how animals express themselves

（4）What might be the best title for the passage?

A. The Inner Lives of Food Animals

B. The Lifestyles of Food Animals

C. Science Reports on Food Animals

D. A Revolution in Food Animals

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了我们原来当作食物的动物实际上也有情感有思想，它们有一定的分析推理能力。人类不应只将它们当作食物。

（1）推理判断题。由第二段中的“When given problems to solve, they reason: hens trained to pick colored buttons sometimes choose to give up an immediate food reward for a slightly later (and better) one”可知，当解决问题时，母鸡们会推理：例如，受过挑选彩色纽扣的训练的母鸡们有时会选择放弃即时的食物奖励，换取稍晚一些(而且更好)的食物奖励。由此可知，母鸡们具备分析能力。故B选项正确。

（2）推理判断题。由第三段中的“Pigs respond meaningful to human symbols. When a research team led by Candace Croney at Penn State University carried wooden blocks marked with X and O symbols around pigs, only the O carriers offered food to the animals. The pigs soon ignored the X carriers in favor of the O's. Then the team switched from real-life objects to T-shirts printed with X or O symbols. Still, the pigs walked only toward the O-shirted people: they had transferred their knowledge to a two-dimensional format, a not inconsiderable feat of reasoning.”可知，一些研究者拿着带X标记的木板，一些研究者拿着带O标记的木板，只有拿带O标记木板的研究者给猪提供食物，猪很快就只理会这些研究者了。当木板换成带X和O标记的衬衫时，猪仍然只走向那些穿带O标记衬衫的研究者。这表明猪将把知识转移到了二维的形式，这是一种相当大的推理壮举。结合选项，D选项正确。

（3）段落大意题。由第四段中的“At the start of my car eer almost four decades ago, I was firmly convinced that monkeys and apes out-think and out-feel other animals...Fairly soon, I came to see that along with our closest living relatives, whales too are masters of cultural learning, and elephants express profound joy and mourning with their social companions. Long-term studies…helped to fuel a viewpoint shift in our society: the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys made to undergo painful procedure kin laboratories, elephants forced to perform in circus es, and dolphins kept in small tanks at theme parks.”可知，数十年前，作者坚信猴子和猩

猩在思考能力和情感上都胜过其他的动物。很快，作者就意识到除了猴子和猩猩，鲸鱼也是文化学习的主人，大象也表现出高兴等情感。长期的研究也促进着我们社会观点的转变：我们不再认为猴子只能是实验室里的实验对象，大象只能在马戏团里进行表演，海豚只能被养在主题公园狭小的池子里。很明显，本段介绍的是人们对动物看法的转变。故C 选项正确。

（4）标题归纳题。第一段提出：科学开始拥抱原来被我们认为是二等公民的动物们（即：我们对某些动物的看法正在发生变化）。第二和第三段以母鸡和猪为例告诉读者：通过科学研究，母鸡和猪也具备情感，也具备分析推理能力。第四段介绍了人们对动物看法的转变。第五和第六段呼吁读者：动物有自己的情感和思想，我们不要只将动物当成我们的食物。结合每段大意可知，该文主要是围绕动物也有情感有思想来展开的。故A选项适合做该文标题。

【点评】文章标题解题技巧：（1）要在阅读原文的基础上，仔细考虑这句话或短语与文章主题是否有密切的联系；（2）再看它对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何；（3）要注意题目是过大还是过小；（4）要避免下列三种错误：①概括不够（多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小）；②过度概括（多表现为人为扩大范围）；③以事实、细节替代抽象具体的大意。

6．阅读理解

Many people have long dreamed of being able to fly around as simply as riding a bicycle. Yet the safety and strength of a flying bike was always a big problem. Over the past 10 years, developments in technology have moved the dream of personal flying vehicles closer to reality. Now, two groups of inventors say such vehicles may be available soon.

The British company Malloy Aeronautics has developed a prototype (原型) of its flying bicycle. Grant Stapleton, marketing sales director of Malloy Aeronautics, says the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly." It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed," he adds.

Mr. Stapleton says safety was the company's main concern. He says the designers solved the safety issue by using overlapping rotors to power the vehicle.

The company is testing a full-size prototype of the Hoverbike, which will most likely be used first by the police and emergency rescue teams.

In New Zealand, Martin Aircraft Company is also testing a full-size prototype of its personal flying device, called the Jetpack. It can fly for more than 30 minutes, up to 1, 000meters high and reach a speed of 74 kilometers per hour.

Peter Coker is the CEO of Martin Aircraft Company. He said the Jetpack "is built around safety from the start". In his words, “Reliability is the most important element of it. We have safety built into the actual structure itself, very similar to a Formula One racing car.

The Jetpack uses a gasoline-powered engine that produces two powerful jet streams. Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute that would be used, if there should be an emergency. "It starts to work at very low altitude and actually saves both the aircraft and the pilot," he adds. Mr. Coker says the Jetpack will be ready for sale soon.

（1）We can learn from the passage that the Hoverbike .

A. can hardly get in and out of small spaces quickly

B. can fly for over 30 minutes, up to l, 000 meters high

C. has been used by the police and emergency rescue teams

D. can be transported quickly after being folded and packed

（2）Peter Coker uses the example of Formula One racing car to show that .

A. the Jetpack is very safe and reliable

B. the engine of the Jetpack is powerful

C. the actual structure of the Jetpack is unique

D. the Jetpack can reach a great speed and height

（3）The underlined word "It" in the last paragraph refers to .

A. the jet stream

B. the engine

C. the Jetpack.

D. the parachute

（4）What is the author's main purpose of writing the passage?

A. To describe the problems of inventing flying vehicles.

B. To introduce the latest development of flying vehicles.

C. To show the differences between two flying vehicles.

D. To advertise the two personal flying vehicles.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，很多人梦想可以像骑自行车一样飞。然而会飞的自行车安全性是一个问题。文章介绍了英国公司开发的一种会飞的自行车，以及其特点，比如有一些会飞的自行车带有降落伞的装置。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed”, 可知，Hoverbike能够很快地进出小空间。它可快速地在大陆上移动，因为它可以折叠和包装。D项说在折叠和包装后可以快速运输，故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第六段Peter Coker说Jetpack从一开始就围绕安全进行的，安全可靠性是最重要的因素。我们在车的现行结构中植入了安全性，非常类似于Formula One 赛车。故选A。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute (降落伞) that can be used should there be an emergency. “It starts to work at very low altitude ….”Coker先生说Jetpack上也有降落伞，可以在紧急情况下使用。“在海拔非常低的情况下开始用它…”。可知，Jetpack上的降落伞（它）是在海拔低时才用。由此可知it指的是parachute “降落伞”故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段可知，许多人一直梦想能像骑自行车一样简单的飞来飞去，科技的发展让这个梦想很快实现。然而飞行自行车的安全性和强度一直是个大问题。接着下面叙述了两家研发飞行器的公司的最新的产品，新产品把安全放在首位。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的进行逻辑推理，概括归

纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

The Mokoko tribe (部落) lived on the wrong side of the island of two faces. The two sides, separated by a great cliff (悬崖), were like night and day. The good side was watered by rivers and was filled with trees and abundant food, while on the wrong side there was hardly any water or plants, and wild beasts crowded together. The Mokoko had the misfortune of having always lived there, with no way to cross to the other side. Their life was hard and they lived in permanent terror of the beasts.

Along the edge of the cliff separating the two sides, a skinny but strong tree grew, with which they could build two poles. There was no doubt that the tribe would choose the great chief and doctor to use the poles. But when the two of them were given their chance to make the jump, they didn't dare to. They thought that the pole could break or it would not be long enough. They put so much energy into these thoughts that they gave in.

But into that tribe were born Nam and Ariki, a pair of young hearts. One day, they decided to take up the poles. Nobody stopped them, but everyone did try to discourage them, trying to present how dangerous the jumping was, using a thousand explanations.

"And what if what they say is true?" wondered the young Naru.

"Don't worry. I am a bit scared too, but it doesn't look so difficult," replied Ariki, ever determined.

"But if it goes wrong, it will be a terrible end," continued Naru, undecided.

"Perhaps the jump will go badly. But staying forever on this side of the island surely won't work out well either."

"You're right. Let's do it tomorrow."

And on the next day, Naru and Ariki jumped to the good side of the island. When taking up the poles, while feeling their desire, the fear hardly allowed them to breathe. And while flying through the air, helpless and without support, they felt that something must have gone wrong and death awaited them. But when they landed on the other side, they thought the jump really hadn't been so bad after all.

（1）What situation were the Mokoko faced with?

A. They lived a difficult life without fearing the beasts.

B. They suffered a lot due to the terrible environment.

C. They had easy access to the good side.

D. They were surrounded by trees and rivers.

（2）How did the chief and doctor feel when they were chosen?

A. Frightened.

B. Energetic.

C. Desperate.

D. Satisfied.

（3）What's the tribe members' reaction when Nam and Ariki decided to take up the poles?

A. The members desired to follow their steps.

B. The members tried to prevent the behaviour.

C. The members convinced them of the danger.

D. The members encouraged them to have a try.

（4）What can we infer about Naru and Ariki?

A. They overcame difficulty with courage and determination.

B. They felt relaxed in the whole process of making the jump.

C. They never doubted the difficulty in making the jump.

D. They hesitated to make the jump over and over again.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一个岛被大的悬崖分成完全不同的两部分，好的一面有水有树食物充足而另一面几乎没水没植物，野兽聚集。这个部落正好位于条件很恶劣的一面。讲述了Nam 和Ariki不畏艰险用勇气和决心克服了困难来到了岛的好的一面。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The Mokoko tribe (部落) lived on the wrong side of the island of two faces. The two sides, separated by a great cliff (悬崖), were like night and day. ---The Mokoko had the misfortune of having always lived there, with no way to cross to the other side. Their life was hard and they lived in permanent terror of the beasts.”可知，由于可怕的环境他们遭受了很多。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“There was no doubt that the tribe would choose the great chief and doctor to use the poles. But when the two of them were given their chance to make the jump, they didn't dare to”可知，首领和医生被选上时他们感到害怕。故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“They thought that the pole could break or it would not be long enough. They put so mu ch energy into these thoughts that they gave in.”可知，成员确信他们是危险的。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据两个人的的对话“ And what if what they say is true?" wondered the young Naru. Don't worry I am a bit scared too, but it doesn't look so difficult, replied ariki, ever determined. "Perhaps the jump will go badly. But staying forever on this side of the island surely won't work out well either. "You're right. Let's do it tomorrow."和文章最后一句 But when they landed on the other side, they thought the jump really hadn't been so bad after all”可知,他们用勇气和决心克服了困难。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

The human brain remembers negative experiences more easily than positive ones. Our brains have developed this way because threats, like dangerous animals, had a more immediate effect on our ancestors' survival compared to positive things like food or shelter. As a result, you likely know what makes you unhappy, but do you know what makes you happy?

Research suggests that our level of happiness depends partly on factors we cannot control—our genes and our life circumstances. But our level of happiness is also shaped by the choices we make. If you've been chasing wealth, fame, good looks, material things and power, you may be looking for happiness in all the wrong places. Psychologists suggest that the following habits

make people happier.

People who form close relationships tend to be happier than those who do not. The number of friends we have is not important. What matters is the quality of our relationships. Relationships that bring happiness usually involve the sharing of feelings, mutual respect, acceptance, trust and fun.

People who exercise regularly improve both their physical and mental well being. Some research has shown that exercise can be as effective as medication in treating depression.

When we are so interested in an activity we enjoy that we lose track of time, we are in a state of flow. The activity could be making art, playing piano, surfing, or playing a game. People who experience flow in their work or hobbies tend to be happier.

People are more likely to be happy if they know what their strengths are and use them regularly, People who set goals and use their strengths to achieve them tend to be happier. People are especially happy when they can use their strengths to serve the greater good. People who think positively by being grateful, mindful and optimistic are more likely to be happy. Being grateful means being thankful, Bejing mindful means being open to, focusing on and enjoying the experiences of the present moment. Being optimistic means being hopeful about the future.

（1）Why does the human brain remember negative things more easily?

A. Negative things are easy to remember.

B. Dangerous wild animals are a threat to us.

C. Our ancestors had no enough food for living.

D. Negative things tend to affect human survival immediately.

（2）How does the author like looking for happiness in material things?

A. Uncertain.

B. Opposed.

C. Supportive.

D. Optimistic.

（3）What does the author suggest us in the last paragraph?

A. Enjoying our life and work.

B. Leading a happy life each day.

C. Being positive in our life and work.

D. Thinking more about the future.

（4）What does this text mainly tell us?

A. The factors that make people happy.

B. How to remember positive things easily.

C. The habits which people form in their life.

D. Why people remember negative things easily.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，真正能使我们快乐的并不是物质的东西，作者在文中介绍了几种会让人更快乐的习惯。

（1考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Our brains have developed this way because threats, like dangerous animals, had a more immediate effect on our ancestors' survival compared to positive things like food or shelter.”可知负面的东西相对于积极的东西对我们祖先的生存有更直接的影响，所以更容易被记住。故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“If you've been chasing wealth, fame, good looks,

material things and power, you may be looking for happiness in all the wrong places. ”一直追求财富、名誉、美貌、物质和权力，你可能会在所有错误的地方寻找幸福。由此可见作者对寻找物质上的幸福持反对态度，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“People who think positively by being grateful, mindful and optimistic are more likely to be happy.”积极乐观的人感恩，专注，乐观，更容易快乐。以及下文几者之间的内在关系可知作者建议我们在生活和工作中要积极乐观，故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。作者在文中介绍了几种会让人更快乐的习惯，如建立亲密关系，锻炼，了解自己的优点，感恩，专注，乐观积极的生活态度等。即使人快乐的因素，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

As one of the world's most popular cultural mediums, cinema is at the leading position at the Taihu World Cultural Forum(论坛), an annual event that aims to improve cultural exchanges. So far this year, Chinese box office has already topped 58 billion yuan, the China Film Administration said. This indicates that China, the world's second-largest movie market, is closing the gap with the United States, the world's top cinema market.

Cao Yin, director of the program center at China Movie Channel, said that China has 67,000 cinema screens. the most of any country, and the number is expected to increase to 80,000 by the end of next year. Saying that China has signed coproduction agreements with 22 countries (including the United States, Canada, Japan. India etc.) ,Cao added it has deepened cinematic exchanges between Chinese filmmakers and their foreign counterparts (同行).

With the country's huge native market, which produced more than 1,000 films in 2019, Hong Kong director Stanley Tong said he believes foreign filmmakers will increasingly seek cooperation with China. "International coproduction will become an important platform to send Chinese stories oversea and give us a broader vision of creation," Tong said.

Recently, over 80 percent of the world's top 100 highest box-office titles have been action films. Tong said the films, in which plots are basically secondary to shining stunts (特技), is one of the easiest ways to appeal to foreign audiences. But it has been a decades-long struggle for Chinese filmmakers to sell their stories overseas. When asked what kinds of Chinese films would have the most global appeal. Yan Zhaozhu, chairman of the Taihu World Cultural Forum, said stories that address universal issues, such as environmental protection and climate change, are perhaps the best options.

（1）What is the purpose of the Taihu World Cultural Forum?

A.To strengthen cultural exchanges.

B.To build more cinemas in China.

C.To invite more tourists to Taihu.

D.To attract more international investment.

（2）What can we infer about Cao Yin's opinion in Paragraph 2?

A.Chinese box office has already overtaken the United States so far

B.The screens of Chinese cinemas will be world-leading in the future

C.China has signed the most coproduction agreements with other countries

D.There will be more and more cooperations between Chinese filmmakers and other countries.（3）How do Chinese filmmakers feel about selling their movies to the world right now?

A.Easy.

B.Disappointed.

C.Challenged.

D.Confused.

（4）What is the best title for the text?

A.Box Office: Unclear Future

B.China: Top Second Movie Market

C.Cinema: The Leading Cultural Position

D.Chinese Filmmakers: Severe Competition Situation

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了电影作为世界上最受欢迎的文化媒介之一在太湖世界文化论坛上处于领先地位。该论坛是一年一度的活动，旨在促进文化交流。中国电影总局说，今年到目前为止，中国电影票房已经突破580亿元人民币。这表明，中国作为世界第二大电影市场，正在缩小与世界第一大电影市场美国之间的差距。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“...Taihu World Cultural Forum, an annual event that aims to improve cultural exchanges.”可知，太湖世界文化论坛是一年一度的活动，旨在促进文化交流。即举行太湖世界文化论坛的目的是加强文化交流。故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Cao Yin…said that China has 67,000 cinema screens. the most of any country, and the number is expected to increase to 80,000 by the end of next year. Saying that China has signed coproduction agreements with 22 countries (including the United States, Canada, Japan. India etc.)”可知，曹寅说，中国有67,000个电影院。中国是拥有电影院最多的国家。到明年年底，这个数字有望增加到80,000。曹说，中国已经与22个国家（包括美国，加拿大，日本，印度等）签署了联合制作电影的协议。因此从曹寅所说的话中我们看得出中国电影制片人与其他国家之间将会有越来越多的合作。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But it has been a decades-long struggle for Chinese filmmakers to sell their stories overseas.”可知，中国电影制片人向海外出售电影故事已经经历了数十年的艰辛努力。即中国电影制片人在将中国电影推向世界的过程中付出了艰辛的努力，取得今天的成就并不容易，challenged意为“有挑战性的，不容易的”，符合文意。故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“This indicates that China, the world's second-largest

movie market, is closing the gap with the United States, the world's top cinema market.”可知，中国是世界第二大电影市场，正在缩小与世界第一大电影市场美国之间的差距。因此文章的最佳标题是“中国：第二大电影市场”。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道。考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

One day a very skilled artist met a beautiful woman who immediately became the object of his affections. As he observed her and spoke with her, he admired her more and more. He showered her with kindness and words of praise until she consented to be his wife.

Not long after they were married, however, the beautiful woman found out that she was more the object of his artistic interest than of his affections. When he admired her classic beauty, it was as though he were standing in front of a work of art rather than in front of a human being to whom he had pledged his love and promised his life. And soon he expressed his great desire to put her rare beauty on canvas.

“Please sit for me in the workroom,” he pleaded, “and I will make your beauty permanent. The work will be my masterpiece!”

She was humble and patient as well as flattered by his words, so she said, “Yes, my love. I will be happy to sit for you.” So the beautiful, young wife of the artist sat meekly for hours in his studio, not complaining. Day after day she sat patiently, smiling as she posed, because she loved him and because she hoped that he would see her love in her smile and obedience. She sometimes wanted to call out to him, “Please love me and want me as a person rather than as an object!” But instead, she spoke nothing but words which pleased him.

At length, as the labor drew to close, the painter became wilder in his passion for his work. He only rarely turned his eyes from the canvas to look at his wife. As he stood there gazing at his beautiful work of art, he cried with a loud voice, “This is indeed life itself!” Then he turne d to his beloved and saw that she was dead!

（1）In what way did the artist express his appreciation of his wife's rare beauty?

A. He put her classic beauty on canvas.

B. He promised to marry her.

C. He centered his deep affection on her.

D. He pledged his love and promised his life to her.（2）What can be inferred from the story?

A. The artist loved his work more than his wife.

B. The artist didn't really understand what is beauty.

C. The wife was fooled to sacrifice for his art creation.

D. The wife loved his painting more than herself.

（3）What did the artist mean by saying “This is indeed life itself!”？

A. He appreciated his life of painting.

B. He was grateful to his wife.

C. His work was more true to life than life itself.

D. His effort was really worth it.

（4）What would be the best title for this passage?

A. A Well-matched Couple

B. A Devoted Artist

C. A Rare Masterpiece

D. A Stupid Wife

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，有一位技艺超群的画家遇到一位美丽的女士，顿生爱意。他关怀备至，赞不绝口，终于使她答应嫁给他，婚后不久这位美女就发现，丈夫对她如此感兴趣却并非爱她，而是欣赏艺术。画家是一位充满激情、既狂热又郁郁寡欢的人。他完全沉浸在绘画中的时候便只看见想看见的东西。他没有发现，尽管她微笑着，她的身体却在衰弱下去，内心并不快活。终于这幅画完成时，他却发现妻子死了。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“And soon he expressed his great desire to put her rare beauty on canvas.”可知过不久他就强烈表示要把她旷古稀世的美画出来。他想把妻子的倩影画在画布上永远留在人间，故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“When he admired her classic beauty, it was as though he were standing in front of a work of art rather than in front of a human being to whom he had pledged his love and promised his life.”可知他称赞她身上的古典美，就好像是站在一件艺术品前欣赏，而不是把她当做活生生的人，当做他发誓要终生相爱的爱人。故选A。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“As he stood there gazing at his beautiful work of a rt, he cried with a loud voice, ‘This is indeed life itself!’”。他站在那儿凝视自己创作的艺术珍品，不仅高声喊道：“真的，生命就在这儿！可以推断出这位画家善于运用色彩，他画什么像什么，甚至超过原样，好像他能在画布上展示生命。故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据全文大意。得知本文讲述了一位技艺超群的画家完全沉浸在绘画中的时候只看见想看见的东西。他完全忽视妻子的感受和变化。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

11．阅读理解

Off-Peak fares are cheaper tickets for traveling on trains that are less busy, offering good value for money. The tickets may require you to travel at specific times of day, days of the week or on a specific route. Where there is more than one Off-Peak fare for a journey, the cheaper fare is called Super Off-Peak.

You can buy Off-Peak tickets any time before you travel, either online or at a local station. The travel restrictions for your Off-Peak ticket will depend on the journey you are making. The tickets must be used on the date shown on the ticket. For Off-Peak return tickets, related journeys must be made on the date shown on your ticket as well.

Children aged five to fifteen get a 50% discount for all Off-Peak fares. Up to 2 children under 5years can travel free with each fare paying adult. Railcard holders get 1/3 off all Standard Class Off-Peak fares. Senior, and disabled Railcard holders also get I/3 off all First Class Off Peak fares. Please note that minimum fares and time restrictions may apply to tickets bought with a Railcard.

If you plan on a train trip with friends or your family, you may get group travel discounts. Three or four can travel for the price of just two adults—leaving everyone more money to spend on the day out! If you are traveling in a group of ten or more at Off-Peak times, you may be able to obtain a further discount through the train company you are traveling with. Contact the train company directly and be aware that you may need to book tickets in advance.

For more information, please visit www. nationalrail. co. uk

（1）An Off-Peak ticket differs from other tickets in .

A. its good value for money

B. its convenience

C. the specific trains

D. travel schedules

（2）Apart from the Off-Peak fares, you may also save money by .

A. becoming a VIP

B. traveling at rush time

C. buying tickets online

D. getting group travel discounts

（3）What type of writing is this text?

A. An announcement.

B. A ticket booking guide.

C. A business report.

D. A travel review.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇订票指南，介绍如何能订到更便宜的火车票。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Off-Peak fares are cheaper tickets for traveling on trains that are less busy, offering good value for money.可知，非高峰期车票与其他门票相比便宜，花的值。故答案选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句If you plan on a train trip with friends or your family, you may get group travel discounts.可知，你也可以通过获得团体旅行折扣来节约钱。故答案选D。

（3）主旨大意题。纵观全文，特别是第一段第一句Off-Peak fares are cheaper tickets for traveling on trains that are less busy,offering good value for money.第二段第一句.You can buy Off-Peak tickets any time before you travel, either online or at a local station.和最后一段第一句If you plan on a train trip with friends or your family,you may get group travel discounts. 可知本文是一篇机票预订指南。故答案选B。

【点评】英语阅读理解细节题具体方法与步骤：

①排除干扰项，突出主题。事实细节题的设计干扰项一般都是某一细节的错误叙述与论断，可先排除干扰项。

② 按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如for example，first，second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。

③ 快速通篇跳读，自左至右，自上而下呈Z形扫视，直到找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。

④注意识别指代词语。为避免重复，文章中对多次提及的事物或现象会使用不同的词语，如同义词、近义词、代词等。