日本家庭礼仪介绍

日本家庭礼仪介绍今天，我们将重温日本平常家庭的礼仪Today we’re going to go over common household manners and expectations in Japan.然而非常不幸的是，我们没有得到允许进到一个真正的日本人家里拍摄Now unfortunately we weren’t able to get permission to use an actual Japanese home,所以，在这里我将尽全力解释。

so I’ll have to do my best to explain it from here.首先日本的传统住宅是会有一个To start out with, many traditional Japanese homes have walls with a gate连着外门的围墙的surrounding their entire property.门口会有一个门铃如果你要拜访这户人家At the front of the gate should be a doorbell, and if you go to visit you你要在进门前按门铃should use that doorbell instead of going through to the front door, even if即便大门口也有门铃你也得按外门的门铃that front door has a doorbell as well.外门处可能有个对讲电话The doorbell at the gate might have a speaker phone on it, so don’t be所以当有人和你讲话的时候也不必惊讶！surprised if someone starts talking to you!进门后是玄关在这里你要脱掉鞋子Immediately inside is the genkan, which is where you take off your shoes.把鞋放到墙边鞋跟朝向墙面是种礼貌It’s polite to move your shoes off to the side, heels to the wall这样也不会挡路so that they’re out of the way.抬脚而上是地板这里通常会放个毯子One step up is the regular floor and there should be a rug there.你要在这里穿上拖鞋That’s where you put on your slippers.如果你没穿袜子那么也就没必要穿拖鞋了You don’t have to wear slippers, and you don’t have to wear socks, either,虽然别人都穿着拖鞋但你却没有穿看起来有些奇怪although if everyone else is wearing them it’s kind of strange if you’re not.日本人大多数都会在冬天穿袜子和拖鞋因为实在是冷Typically Japanese people will wear socks and slippers in the winter because然而在夏天人们都是光脚的it’s cold, although in the summer many people go barefoot.如果只穿袜子那你就要小心了If you choose just to wear socks, be careful因为大多数日本人家里会给地板打蜡because many traditional Japanese homes have polished hardwood这会很滑的floors, which are really slippery.当你进到一个你拜访的日本人家里When you enter a Japanese home, if you’re visiting you should greet your hosts with the 一开始就要用合适的问候语问候主人proper verbage for the time of the day.比如中午前你要说’ohayou gozaimasu’So: ‘ohayou gozaimasu’ if it’s before noon,日常用语就说“早上好”晚上就说“晚上好”‘konnichiwa’ during the day, and ‘konbanwa’ during the evening.然后他们说“不好意思打扰了”是用来表示And then say ‘ojamashimasu’ which is an acknowledgement of你打扰了别人或是给别人惹麻烦了your being in the way or causing trouble.如果你在家的时候一个比你年长的家庭成员If you are already in the home and another family member who is older than或者主人回来了you or is the host returns,你要看时间段问候然后说”打扰啦”you should greet them with the time of the day and then say ‘ojamashiteimasu’.当你要走的时候你要说”不好意思打扰啦”when you leave you should say ‘ojamashimashita’如果傍晚了你要说”晚安(有尊敬的意味，比较正式)”and if it’s in the evening, ‘oyasumi nasai’.如果你寄宿在别人家里当你回来的时候只要说”我回来了”If you’re homestaying, when you return home simply say ‘tadaima’走的时候说”我出门了”and when you leave ‘ittekimasu’.当另一个家庭成员回来的时候When another family member returns home他们说”我回来啦” 你要回答”欢迎回来”reply to their ‘tadaima’ with ‘okaeri nasai’和他们说”我出门了” 就用”一路顺风”来回应and their ‘ittekimasu’ with ‘itterashai’.大多数的日本人家里有一个或多个有榻榻米地板的房间Almost all Japanese homes have one or more rooms where the flooring is tatami mats.榻榻米价格昂贵而且保养清洗起来有些困难Tatami mats can be very expensive and they’re difficult to take care of and所以一些家庭不会经常用榻榻米他们会把榻榻米收起来clean, so in some families they’re not often used or are used only a storage只有在招待客人的时候才拿出来or entertaining guests.一般来说进入一个榻榻米的房间前你要先脱下拖鞋Traditional rules say to take off your slippers before entering a tatami room,但这主要看这家人的习惯but this depends on the family and the house.拜访某个人的时候你可以If you’re visiting someone, you can跟着他们做或者问他们你该怎么做either follow their example or ask them what you should do.如果你寄宿在日本人家里你的寄宿家庭会带你熟悉他们的家庭规则If you’re homestaying in Japan, your family should go over their house rules with you 当你到他们家时when you arrive.日本的客厅和别的地方的客厅是一样的A Japanese living room is similar to a living room anywhere,可能有沙发椅子电视电脑等等and may have couches, chairs, a TV, a family computer, etc.除此之外可能还有咖啡桌这可能是个被炉In addition they will probably also have a coffee table, which may be a kotatsu,被炉下面有多层的毯子其中一个毯子可能是通电的sitting atop one or several layers of rugs, one of which may be electric.你可以坐在这些毯子上有些人家可能会要求你There rugs are for sitting, and some families may request or expect that you脱掉拖鞋再坐到毯子上take off your slippers before stepping onto them.除非你住在小宿舍或者公寓Unless you’re in a small dorm or apartment, Japanese bathrooms are日本客厅是划区的usually compartmentalized.马桶是在自己房间里的The toilet will be in its own room.当你冲马桶的时候马桶后面可能会有个流水的水龙头On the back of the toilet may be a faucet that turns on when you flush.除臭剂和清洁剂会随着水流进入马桶This is for washing deodorizers and cleaners into the bowl但你也可以用来洗手but you can also use it to rinse your hands.然后你要在有水槽和镜子的洗手间里To wash your hands with soap you’ll have to find a washroom that has a sink and a 用肥皂洗手mirror in it.一些人家里洗手间和厕所间是联通的In some homes this is immediately attached to the toilet room,但是也有些人家里是要经过几个房间才能到的but in others you may have to pass through several rooms to get to it, especially if特别是位于二楼的厕所间the toilet is on the second floor.浴室间和洗手间是相连的The bathing room is usually connected through one of the washrooms.浴室间里会有个带盖的浴缸和安在浴缸外的淋浴头Inside you will find a tub with a lid and a shower head outside of the tub.洗澡的方式每个家庭都是不一样的但是在大多数家庭Bathing rituals differ from family to family, but in many families all family每个人都是至少每天洗一次澡的members will bathe at least once a day,通常是在睡前用同一缸水usually at night before bed, sharing the same water.如果你要在日本家庭过夜或者你是家庭寄宿的If you’re staying overnight in a Japanese home, or of course if you’re homestaying,他们可能会让你第一个用浴缸（这是一种尊重日本人一般都是先淋浴然后进浴缸所以会共用一缸水）they’ll probably insist that you use the tub first since that’s when it’s因为这时候水最干净的at its cleanest.对于每天洗澡的日本人For Japanese people who do take daily baths, this is an important time of洗澡是件放松自己的事情relaxation for them.如果你选择淋浴这也不是冒犯If you choose not to take a bath and shower instead, it’s not offensive,但他们可能会疑惑你为什么放弃这个让自己放松的but they may be confused as to why you don’t want to take the opportunity to机会relax.洗手间会有个垃圾桶放掉落的头发There should be a trash can in the washroom for you to throw away your hair.如果洗手间没有垃圾桶那么去厨房看看有没有If not, most Japanese homes usually keep their trash area somewhere in the垃圾桶kitchen.日本的垃圾会被回收或者焚烧所以他们会给你Most trash in Japan is either recycled or burned, so they have quite a few准备一些袋子装不同的垃圾从塑料到玻璃瓶易拉罐bags for you to sort your trash into, from plastics to pet bottles, glass, cans,易燃物还有别的种类burnables and sometimes more.女孩子的女性卫生用品是可燃物Ladies, your feminine hygiene products are going to go in the burnables–你不能把它扔进马桶里you can’t flush any of it down the toilets here.你居住的家庭会告诉你这些但他们也会给你报纸The home you stay in should talk to you about it, but they’ll either have newspapers 包女性卫生物品或者问你要不要厕纸for you to wrap it in, or they’ll ask you to use tissues or toilet paper.通常来说这是礼貌常识In general, common sense about being polite applies here as well.如果你寄宿在日本人家里你需要遵守这些规则If you’re homestaying your family should go over their rules with you,但是你要记住在没有经过主人同意的情况下不要邀请别人来家里but for example don’t invite people over without asking them,使用他们的电话前要问问可不可以使用如果你有宵禁那你要在那之前回来ask permission to use their phone and return by curfew if you have one.不时地帮助他们做些家务很有必要And it would also be nice to offer to help out with chores every now and then.在日本文化里即使没人要你帮忙他们心里还是希望你做些什么的In Japanese culture it’s often expected that you help out, even if no one asks.只要你住在别人家里你就是这个家的一份子And since you’re homestaying you’re now a family member, which means that some 家里的其他人也是这么觉得的people may expect that of you, too.如果你犯了错也不要担心！But if you make a mistake don’t worry!人无完人我们每个人都会在日本有No one’s expecting you to be perfect and we all have our really embarrassing令人尴尬的时刻的moments in Japan.。