不定式做宾语补足语及练习

不定式作宾语补足语的类型动词不定式既有动词的性质，又有名词的性质。

它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语。

动词不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语、同位语等：动词不定式在句子中可以用作宾语补足语，常用的“动词+宾语+不定式”的句子结构中。

不定式作宾语补足语的有以下八种类型：(下列句子中划线部分作宾语补足语)一、许多动词可跟一个宾语+ to do…构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语；否定形式为“动词+宾语+not to do…”。

例如：do sb/sth to do sthMy boss told me to type out two letters.分析：句中“My boss”做主语，“told”作谓语，“me”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。

请看下面的句子。

They forbade her to leave the country.Please remind me not to be late for the meeting.高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+(not)to do…”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise，allow，ask，beg，cause，direct，encourage，expect，forbid，force，invite，order，permit，persuade，remind，request，require，teach，tell，want，warn等。

二、有些动词可跟“宾语+to be…”构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。

例如：I consider him to be the best candidate.分析：句中“I”做主语，“consider”作谓语，“him”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。

请看下面的句子。

I know him to be a liar.I suppose him to be away from home.高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+to be…”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：consider，declare，discover，feel，find，suppose等。

三、有些动词(感官动词和使动词)后可跟不带to的不定式构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。

例如：He saw her enter the room.分析：句中“He”做主语，“saw”作谓语，“her”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。

请看下面的句子。

She won't let me do it.I heard her lock the door.We watched the children play games.高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+do…”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：feel，have，hear，let，make，notice，observe，see，watch等。

还有两个词组：listen to，look at.注意:这类句子变为被动结构时，不定式前加to。

请看下列句子，句中划线部分作宾语补足语。

例如：A child was seen to enter the building.She was often he3②在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。

有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有：一感二听三让四观看。

一感：feel 二听：hear, listen to 三让：let, have, make四观看：observe, see, watch, look at这类动词有：make, let, have等。

转为被动语态时，其后通常都用带to的不定式 (have没有被动语态)。

What would you have me do?你要我做什么？ She made him give up smoking. 她让他戒了烟。

Let him do whatever he wishes to do. 他想干什么就让他干吧。

ard to sing this song.四、help后的不定式可加to，也可不加to(美国人不加to时较多)，但被动结构中要加to。

例如：I'll help you(to) push the cart.分析：句中“I”做主语，“will help”作谓语，“you”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。

上句的被动语态为：You'll be helped to push the cart.五、有些“动词+介词”的结构后也可跟不定式构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。

例如：He shouted to me to come over.分析：句中“He”做主语，“shouted”作谓语，“to”为介词，“me”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。

请看下列句子，句子的结构为“动词+介词+宾语+to do…”，划线部分为不定式，作宾语补足语。

请看下面的句子。

I depend on you to do it.I am counting on you to help me through.高中范围内，适用于“动词+介词+宾语+to do…”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：shout to sb.to do，call on sb. to do，count on sb. to do，depend on sb. to do，wait for sb. to do等。

六、作宾语补足语的不定式，表示的动作在谓语所表示情况之前发生，就需要用完成形式：He was known to have worked for the International Olympic Committee.分析：句中“He”做主语，“was known”作谓语，使用了被动语态。

由句意可知，“为国际奥委会工作”发生在前，“大家知道”发生在后。

故不定式部分用完成形式，在句中作宾语补足语。

请看下面的句子。

They are believed to have discussed the problem.七、作宾语补足语的不定式，表示一个正在进行的动作时需用进行形式：He is believed to be living in Mexico.分析：句中“He”做主语，“isbelieved”作谓语，使用了被动语态。

由于句子表达主语现在正在发生的情况，故用不定式的进行形式，句中划线部分作宾语补足语。

请看下列句子。

Thousands were reported to be working in concentration camps.He is thought to be hiding in the woods.间或不定式作宾语补足语也可用于完成进行时。

例如：She is said to have been doing this work for twenty years.八、不定式作宾语补足语的被动形式：he didn't want her son to be taken away.分析：句中“She”做主语，“didn't want”作谓语，“her son”作宾语，由于“her son”与“take away”之间为被动关系，故用被动形式，句中划线部分作宾语补足语。

请看下列句子。

I'd like this room to be redecorated.He didn't wish the subject to be mentioned in the letter.■练习：1.They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.(1988全国)A. growB. grewC. was growingD. to grow2. The teacher asked us ___ so much noise.(2003北京)A. don't makeB. not makeC. not makingD. not to make3. My advisor encouraged ___ a summer course to improve my writing skills.(2004北京)A. for me takingB. me takingC. for me to takeD. me to take4.The flu is believed ___ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.(2004上海)A. causingB. being causedC. to be causedD. to have caused5.-Is Bob still performing？-I'm afraid not. He is said ___ the stage already as he has become an official.(2005江苏)A. to have leftB. to leaveC. to have been leftD. to be left6.The mother felt herself ___ cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield.(2006上海)A. growB. grownC. to growD. to have grown7.Energy drinks are not allowed ___ in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.(2006上海)A. to makeB. to be madeC. to have been madeD. to be making答案：1.A2.D3.D4.C5.A6.A7.B （编辑：赵露）52. ----There’s a hole in your bag. ---- I know, I’m going to have it _____. A. mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended3. Though he had often made his little sister ____, today he was made ____ by his little sister.A. cry; to cryB. crying; cryingC. cry; cryD. to cry; cry 4. They would not allow him _____ ac ross the enemy line.A. to risk goingB. risking to goC. for risk to goD. risk going 5. I found the door _____ when I got home.A. openedB. closeC. unlockingD. open 6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in th e street, but his mother told him ___. A. not to B. not to do C. not do D. do not to 7. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise____.A. going onB. goes onC. went onD. to go on8. With a lot of difficult problems_____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A. settledB. settlingC. to settleD. being settled 9. I advised _____ at once.A. him to startingB. him to startC. to startingD. to start 10. When I put my hand on h is chest, I could feel his heart still ____. A. beat B. to be beating C. beating D. was beating11. You had better get a doctor _____ your bad tooth.A. pull outB. to pull outC. pulled outD. pulling out 12. He managed to make himself wi th his____ English. A. understand; breaking B. understand; broken B. C. understood; brea king D. understood; broken 13. The doctor asked him not to leave his wound ______.A. exposeB. exposedC. to exposeD. exposing14. They are going to have the service man ____ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.A. installB. to installC. to be installedD. installed615. After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute ______. A. being settledB. to be settledC. had settledD. as settled 16. You will see this product ____ wherever you go .A. to be advertisedB. advertisedC. advertiseD. advertising 17. His remarks left me _____ about his real purpose.A. wonderedB. wonderC. to wonderD. wondering18. When I caught him ______ me I stopped buying things there and started dealingwith another shop.A. cheatingB. cheatC. to cheatD. to be cheating 19. Though he had often made his littl e sister ____, today he was made ____ by his little sister.A. cry; to cryB. crying; cryingC. cry; cryD. to cry; cry 20. Did you intend us ___ the new method? A. using B. to use C. using D. are using21. The teacher encouraged us ______ good compositions. A. Writing B. written C. to writeD. is writing22. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ___________.A. not toB. not to doC. not do itD. do not to23. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _______went wr ong again.A .it B. it repaired C .repaired D. to be repaired24. With a lot of difficult problems_____, the newly—elected president is having a hard time.A .settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled25. With trees, flowers and grass_____ everywhere, my native town had taken on a new look.A. plantingB. plantedC. to plant D .to be planted 26. She was glad to see her child well_____ care of.A. takeB. to be takenC. takenD. taking727. The result of the entrance exams was not made _____to the public until last Thursday.A. knowingB. knownC. to knowD. to be known 28. I can make you _____what I say, but you can’t make yourself ____ in English.A. understand; understand B .understand, understood C to understand, understand D. u nderstand; to be understood 29. He found them ____ at a table_____.A. sat; to play chessB. sitting; to play chessC. seated; playing chessD. seat; play the chess30. John rushed out in a hurry, ___ the door_____.A. leaving; unlockedB. leaving; unlockingC. left; unlockedD. to leave; unlocking 31. We ar e pleased to see the problem___ so quickly.A. settledB. settlingC. be settledD. having been settled 32. I could feel the wind ___o n my face from an open window.A .to blowB .blowing C. to be blowing D .blown 33. ____ production up by 60%,th e company has had another excellent year.A. AsB. ForC. WithD. Through34. ____ everything ____ , she left the supermarket with satisfaction.A. As, buyingB. For, to buyC. With, bought D .Because, to buy 35. Don’t leave the water ____ while you brush your teeth. (天津2004)A. runB. runningC. being runD. to run36. He looked around and caught a man ___ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. putB. to be puttingC. to putD. putting37. Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents _______. (重庆 2004)A. worriedB. to worryC. worryingD. worry 38. The teacher asked us _____ so much nois e. (北京2003)A. don’t makeB. not makeC. not makingD. not to make39. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered ____ clear8warnings before firing any shots. (上海2003)A. to issueB. being issuedC. to have issuedD. to be issued 40.－Good morning. Can I help you? －I'd like to have this package __ ,Madame.A. be weighedB. to be weighedC. to weighD. weighed 41. Father will not __us to use hi s recorders. A. have B. let C .agree D. allow42. John was made __the truck for a week as punishment.A .to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing 43. The missing boys were last seen __ near the river.A. playingB. to be playingC. playD. to play 44. Paul doesn't have to be made __ .He always works hard.A. learnB. to learn C .learned D. learning45. Seeing the sun __ above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.A. to riseB. to raiseC. rising D .raising 46. I was disappointed to find his suggestions __ .A been turned down B. turned down C. to be turned down D. to turn down 47. The patient was warned ____oily food after the operation.A. to eat toB. eating not C .not to eat D not eating 48. The speaker raised her voice but still couldn’t make herself _______.A. hearB. hearingC. to hearD. heard49. If you go to Xi’an, you’ll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly _________. A. supposing B. to sup pose C. supposed D. suppose50. It’s so cold today, we must keep the fire ________.A. to burnB. burningC. burnD. burnt51. The mother was asked ________ let her children ________ TV every evening;A. not to; watchB. not to; to watchC. not; watchD. not; watching 52. They didn’t observe her _______ in and go upstairs.A. comeB. cameC. to comeD. coming53. How about the two of us ____ a walk down the garden? (MET93 17)9A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. to be taking54. I have had my bike , and I’m going to have somebody my radio tomorrow.A. repair; to repairB. repairing; to be repairedC. repaired; repairD. to repair; repairing55. the room, the nurse found the tape recorder .A. Entering; stealingB. Entering; goneC. To have entered; being stolenD. Having entered; to be stolen 56. Could you show me the mob ile phone you’d like ______?A. to have repairedB. repairing itC. having it repairedD. to repair it 57. I have often heard the ABC Song , but I have never heard Alice it.A. to be sung; to singB. being sung; sangC. sung; singD. sang; singing 58. I can hardly imagin e Peter __________ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A. sailB. to sailC. sailingD. to have sailed59. ---Have you had anyone ______ your newly-bought flat? ---Not yet. I am going to get John __ _____ a design for it first. A. to decorate; makeB. to decorate; to makeC. decorate; makeD. decorate; to make60. ---“Did you have any difficulty in today’s homework?”---“No, in fact I found__________.”A. it very easy to doB. it very easy doneC. very easy for doingD. veryeasy to do it Keys:1-5 CCAAD 6-10 AACBC 11-15 BDBAD 16-20 CDAAB 21-25 CACAB26-30 CBBCA 31-35 A BCCB 36-40 DADAD 41-45 D AABC 46-50 BCDCB51-55 A ACCB 56-60 A CCDA。