吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》(重排版)笔记和考研真题详解-伊丽莎白·巴雷特·勃朗宁【圣才出品】
吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》(重排版)笔记和考研真题详解-丹尼尔
第10章丹尼尔•笛福10.1复习笔记I.Background Knowledge(背景知识)(1)After the“Glorious Revolution”,England became a constitutional monarchy and power passedfrom the King to the Parliament and the cabinet ministers.The power struggle between the liberal Whigs and the conservative Tories at times dominated the literature of the age.(2)The Industrial Revolution started and transformed the socioeconomic texture of Britain,intensifying the contradictions between the rich and the poor.(3)The rapid development of social life including the popularity of public coffee-houses andprivate clubs was typical of all English cities.(4)The Enlightenment started in the18th century,which fought against feudalism,emphasizedreason,and believed in human beings’innate kindness.（1）1688年光荣革命后，英国从此成为君主立宪制国家，权力由国王转向议会和内阁大臣。
两党之间的争权夺势不时主导着18世纪文学。
（2）工业革命兴起，彻底改变了英国的社会经济结构，加剧了贫富矛盾。
吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》笔记和考研真题详解-第7章浪漫主义时期【圣才出品】
吴伟仁《英国⽂学史及选读》笔记和考研真题详解-第7章浪漫主义时期【圣才出品】第7章浪漫主义时期7.1 复习笔记I. Background Knowledge（背景知识）At the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, romanticism appeared in England as a new trend in literature. It rose and grew under the impetus of the Industrial Revolution and French Revolution.Romanticism prevailed in England during the period 1798-1832. The co-authored book Lyrical Ballads published in 1798 by the poets William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge marked the beginning of romanticism, while the death of Walter Scott in 1832 declared the ending of it.18世纪末19世纪初，在英国⼯业⾰命和法国⼤⾰命的影响下，浪漫主义成为⼀种新的⽂学思潮应运⽽⽣。
1798年华兹华斯和柯勒律治共同编写的《抒情歌谣集》标志浪漫主义时期的开始，1832年沃尔特·司各特的去世则宣告浪漫主义时期的结束。
II. Literary Features of the Eighteenth Century（⼗⼋世纪⽂学特征）1. The Romantic Period is one of poetical revival. It is a period of poetry. Emotion, imagination and intuition of humankind are what the romanticists emphasize in their works. The general feature of the works of the romanticists is the dissatisfaction with the bourgeois society. They pay more attention to thespiritual and emotional life of man. Nature plays an important role in their works.2. Romantic poets are generally divided into two groups: the elder generation, or the escapist romanticists (Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey, who also known as Lake Poets), and the younger generation, or the active romanticists (Byran, Shelley and Keats). The elder generation reflected the merry of old England. Frightened by the coming of industrialism and the nightmare towns, they were turning to nature for protection. The younger generation expressed the aspirations of the classes created by capitalism and held out an ideal of a future society free from oppression and exploitation.3. Romantic prose of the time was represented by Lamb, Hazlitt, De Quincey andHunt.4. The only great novelist in this period was Walter Scott, whose historical novelscombined a romance atmosphere with a realistic depiction of historical background and common people’s life. Scott marked the transition from romanticism to the period of realism.1. 浪漫主义时期是诗歌复兴时期。
吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》(重排版)-章节题库(第一~三章)【圣才出品】
第二部分章节题库第一章中古时期一、填空题1. ______ is the oldest poem in the English language, and also the oldest surviving epic in the English language.【答案】Beowulf【解析】《贝奥武夫》讲述了斯堪的纳维亚的英雄贝奥武夫的英勇事迹。
是迄今为止发现的英国盎格鲁-撒克逊时期最古老、最长的一部较完整的文学作品，也是欧洲最早的方言史诗。
2. Today Chaucer is acclaimed not only as “the father of English poetry”but also as “the father of English fiction”. His masterpiece is ______.【答案】The Canterbury Tales【解析】乔叟的代表作是《坎特伯雷故事集》。
3. ______ is the “father of English poetry”and one of the greatest narrative poets of England, whose masterpiece The Canterbury Tales is one of the most famous works in all literature.【答案】Geoffrey Chaucer【解析】杰弗里·乔叟于1340年出生于伦敦，他是英语诗歌的创始者。
他逝于1400年，葬于威斯敏斯特教堂，也被称作“诗人角”。
4. In “The Canterbury Tales”, Chaucer employed the writing _____ with true ease and charm for the first time in the history of English literature.【答案】heroic couplet【解析】杰弗里·乔叟（1340—1400）英国小说家、诗人，被誉为“英国诗歌之父”，代表作品《坎特伯雷故事集》，大部分采用的是英雄双韵体。
吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》（重排版）笔记和考研真题详解-阿尔弗雷德
吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》（重排版）笔记和考研真题详解-阿尔弗雷德第31章阿尔弗雷德?丁尼生31.1复习笔记Alfred Tennyson(1809-1892)(阿尔弗雷德·丁尼生)1.Life(生平)Alfred Tennyson,the most important poet of the Victorian Age,was born in1809at Somersby Rectory,Lincolnshire,the fourth son of an Anglican clergyman.In1827he went to Cambridge.He and his brother published Poems by Two Brothers,which attracted the attention of“apostles”,a group of undergraduate literary club led by Arthur Henry Hallam,who later became Tennyson’s closest friend.His Poems in1842won T ennyson first critical success.In1850, with the publication of In Memoriam,which is a tribute to Hallam,he was appointed poet laureate in succession to Wordsworth.Then he finally could afford to marry Emily Sellwood, whom he had loved since1836.He remained in this position until he died at83years old,longer than any other before or after him.In1884,Tennyson was awarded a baronetcy by Queen Victoria,who greatly admired his work and his poetic genius.He was laid to rest at Westminster Abbey.England built a monument in his honor.阿尔弗雷德·丁尼生是维多利亚时期最重要的诗人。
吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》(重排版)笔记和考研真题详解-哥尔德史密斯【圣才出品】
第15章哥尔德史密斯15.1复习笔记Oliver Goldsmith(1730-1774)(奥里弗·哥尔德斯密斯)1.Life(生平)Oliver Goldsmith was born in Ireland,the son of a poor Anglican curate.He was early disfigured by smallpox and grew up with ugly face and ungraceful figure.In his early years,he was apparently stupid and idle.However,in1749,Goldsmith graduated from Trinity College in Dublin with a BA ter he was trained for medicine,but eventually drifted to be a hack writer for Monthly Review.Goldsmith was one of the most versatile authors,who became an accomplished essayist,poet,novelist,and playwright.奥利弗·哥尔德史密斯出生于爱尔兰，是一个贫困的英国国教乡村牧师之子。
他早年因得天花而残疾，面部丑陋，身形笨拙。
小时候他显然十分愚笨无用。
然而，1749年他从都柏林三一学院毕业，获得文学学士学位。
后来他又接受医学教育，但最终转行做了《每月评论》的雇佣写手。
哥尔德史密斯多才多艺，是颇有建树的散文家，诗人，小说家和剧作家。
2.Major Works(主要作品)The Citizen of the World(1762)《世界公民》The Traveller(1764)《旅游人》The Vicar of Wakefield(1766)《威克菲尔德牧师传》The Good-Natured Man(1768)《好心人》The Deserted Village(1770)《荒村》She Stoops to Conquer(1773)《屈身求爱》3.Selected Work(选读作品)◆The Vicar of Wakefield《威克菲尔德牧师传》thick and fast.The vicar loses his fortune and they have to move to a new place under the patronage of a certain squire Thornhill.Thornhill,being an immoral ruffian,seduces Olivia and then deserts her.The vicar himself is thrown into prison for debt to Thornhill.Sophia,the vicar’s second daughter,is forcibly carried off in a carriage by an unknown villain.By this time,Mr. Burchell,one of the vicar’s acquaintances,who appears to be a broken-down gentleman,saves Sophia.He makes it known to the Primrose family that he is squire Thornhill’s uncle.The squire’s villainy is exposed in front of his uncle.All now ends happily.Sir William marries Sophia.Olivia is found out and the squire is made to marry her.The vicar’s fortune is restored to him.故事由好心的乡村牧师普里姆罗斯本人讲述。
吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》（重排版）笔记和考研真题详解-约翰·弥尔顿【圣才出品】
吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》（重排版）笔记和考研真题详解-约翰·弥尔顿【圣才出品】第8章约翰·弥尔顿8.1复习笔记John Milton(1608-1674)(约翰·弥尔顿)1.Life(生平)John Milton was born into a pious wealthy Puritan family.He was greatly influenced by his father who loved books and had a private teacher for him.About12years old,Milton was sent to a famous boy’s school in London called St Paul’s;at15,he went to Cambridge University where he was said to be the finest scholar.Abandoning the thought of being a clergyman of the English Church,he retired to his father’s country house at Horton,writing poetry and studying hard. Later he traveled France,Switzerland and Italy where he heard that people’s struggle against the king might lead to war.After he returned to London,he wrote pamphlets opposing the monarchy and advocating people’s liberty.The commonwealth government gave Milton the important office of Secretary for Foreign Tongues.He worked hard and finally became blind.During the Restoration,he was thrown in prison and released by CharlesⅡ.He died on November8,1674surrounded by a few devoted friends.弥尔顿出生在富裕、虔诚的清教徒家庭。
吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》(重排版)笔记和考研真题详解
读书笔记模板
01 思维导图
03 精彩摘录 05 作者介绍
目录
02 内容摘要 04 目录分析 06 读书笔记
思维导图
关键字分析思维导图
真题
复习
吴伟仁
教材
第章
难点
时期
笔记
笔记
章节 题
托马斯
真题
典型
笛福
笔记
丹尼尔
真题
阶段
内容摘要
作为该教材的学习辅导书，全书完全遵循该教材的章目编排，共分为七部分，总共40章，每章由两部分组成： 第一部分为复习笔记（中英文对照），总结本章的重点难点；第二部分是考研真题与典型题详解，精选名校近年 考研真题及相关习题，并提供了详细的参考答案。本书具有以下几个方面的特点：1．梳理章节脉络，浓缩内容精 华。每章的复习笔记以该教材为主并结合其他教材对本章的重难点知识进行了整理，并参考了国内名校名师讲授 该教材的课堂笔记，因此，本书的内容几乎浓缩了经典教材的知识精华。2．中英双语对照，凸显难点要点。本书 章节笔记采用了中英文对照的形式，强化对重要难点知识的理解和运用。3．精选考研真题，补充难点习题。本书 精选名校近年考研真题及相关习题，并提供答案和详解。所选真题和习题基本体现了各个章节的考点和难点，但 又不完全局限于教材内容，是对教材内容极好的补充。
目录分析
第1章盎格鲁-撒克逊 时期
第2章盎格鲁-诺曼底 时期
第3章杰弗里•乔叟 第4章大众民谣
1.1复习笔记 1.2考研真题与典型题详解
2.1复习笔记 2.2考研真题与典型题详解
3.1复习笔记 3.2考研真题与典型题详解
4.1复习笔记 4.2考研真题与典型题详解
吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》（重排版）笔记和考研真题详解-理查德
吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》（重排版）笔记和考研真题详解-理查德第16章理查德?布林斯利?谢里丹16.1复习笔记I.18th Century Drama(18世纪戏剧)The English drama of the18th century does not reach the same high level as its novel.One of the main reasons is that the Licensing Act of1737,which drove Fielding out of the theatre, restricted the freedom of expression by dramatists.But playwrights in this period showed great interest in Shakespeare,so did the criticism and editions.Only Goldsmith and Sheridan produced works that are of high literary value and still retain their interest upon the stage.18世纪英国戏剧没有取得与小说一样的成就。
主要原因之一便是1737年通过的戏剧审查法案，这一法案将菲尔丁赶出戏剧领域，同时也限制了剧作家的言论自由。
但是这一时期的演员、评论和选集对莎士比亚的作品表现出极大的兴趣。
只有哥尔德史密斯和谢里丹的剧作有较高的文学价值，至今仍被搬上舞台。
II.Richard Brinsley Sheridan(1751-1816)(理查德·布林斯利·谢里丹)1.Life(生平)Richard Brinsley Sheridan,the son of Thomas Sheridan(an Irish actor and author),was a dramatist and politician.He was educated at Harrow.After his elopement in1773with Elizabeth, the daughter of a composer,Sheridan began writing for the theater and in1776became a part owner and director of the Drury Lane Theatre.In1780Sheridan went in for politics and became a Whig M.P.In1787,he made a great speech of impeachment of Warren Hastings,the first governor general of India.His newtheatre was opened in1794,but destroyed by fire in1809.He was arrested for debt in1813and in his last years suffered from brain disease.He died in1816 and was buried with a great pomp in Westminster Abbey.His plays are generally considered as important links between the masterpieces of Shakespeare and those of Bernard Shaw.理查德·布林斯利·谢里丹是爱尔兰演员和作者托马斯·谢里丹之子，是一名戏剧家和政治家。
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第33章伊丽莎白·巴雷特·勃朗宁33.1复习笔记Elizabeth Barrett Browning(1806-1861)(伊丽莎白·巴雷特•勃朗宁)1.Life(生平)Elizabeth Barrett was born in1806at Durham,cated at home,Elizabeth had written her first“epic”poem by the age of12.But when she was fifteen,a fall from her horse injured her spine.Despite her ailments,he devoted herself to study Hebrew and Greek.With her enthusiasm for her Christian faith,she became active in the Bible and Missionary Societies for her church.Later she lived in her father’s London house under his tyrannical rule.After her brother’s death,she became an invalid and a recluse in her bedroom for5years.In1844,her Poems attracted Robert Browning’s attention and they exchanged574letters over the next20months. Regardless of her father’s opposition,they eloped in1846and settled in Italy,where her health improved and she bore a son.Her father never spoke to her again.Elizabeth’s Sonnets from the Portuguese,dedicated to her husband and written in secret before her marriage,was published in1850.She died in Florence in1861.伊丽莎白·巴雷特1806年出生在英国达勒姆。
伊丽莎白从小在家受教育，12岁就写了第一首“史诗”。
15岁因骑马坠落，脊柱受伤。
她不顾病痛，专心学习希伯来语和希腊语。
她虔诚地信仰基督教，积极参与她所在教堂的圣经和传教会。
之后她居于父亲在伦敦的房子，生活在父亲专横的淫威下。
弟弟死后，她体弱多病，隐居在卧房长达5年。
1844年，她的《诗集》引起了罗伯特·勃朗宁的注意，两人在之后的20个月里互通574封信。
1846年，两人不顾伊丽莎白父亲的反对私奔，在意大利定居。
伊丽莎白身体有所好转，诞下一子。
她父亲再没有搭理她。
她在婚前秘密写了《葡萄牙十四行诗集》，献给丈夫，于1850年出版。
1861年伊丽莎白在佛罗伦萨去世。
2.Poetic Style(诗歌风格)(1)Her technique is uncertain,and she is never free from her characteristic faults of vaguenessand unrestraint.(2)Her poems show sympathy with noble causes,the elevation and ardor of her moods ofand personal feeling.（1）她的技巧不确定，她从来都没摆脱模糊和放纵的典型错误。
（2）她的诗表达了对崇高事业的赞同，她高昂热烈的个人情感，以及最佳的独特表述。
她的特征就是对亲密的个人的感情的抒发。
3.Major Works(主要作品)The Seraphim and Other Poems(1838)《天使及其它诗歌》Poems(1844)《诗集》Sonnets from the Portuguese(1850)《葡萄牙十四行诗集》Casa Guidi Windows(1848-1851)《圭迪的窗子》Aurora Leigh(1857)《奥罗拉·利》4.Selected Work(选读作品)◆Sonnets from the Portuguese《葡萄牙十四行诗集》It is a collection of forty-four love sonnets written for her,then,future husband Robert Browning.The content and tone of the sonnets change as her relationship with Browning relationship progressed.In the earlier sonnets she expresses her doubt and fear about beginning a relationship with Browning.As the relationship progressed she was able to overcome her anxieties,and eventually,they took a more accepting and passionate tone.It is generally considered as one of the most widely known collections of love lyrics in English.Admirers have compared her imagery to Shakespeare and her use of Italian form to Petrarch.这本诗集由44首情诗组成，是伊丽莎白写给他的未婚夫罗伯特·勃朗宁的。
诗歌的内容和语气随着她和勃朗宁关系的进展而变化。
早期的诗歌表达了她对和勃朗宁展开关系的迟疑和惧怕。
随着两人关系加深，她渐渐克服焦虑，最终认可并激情洋溢。
这本诗集被普遍认为是最广为人知的抒情诗歌集之一。
仰慕者还将她的意象跟莎士比亚做比较，将她运用意大利诗歌形式的技艺与彼特拉克相提并论。
33.2考研真题与典型题详解I.Fill in the blanks.1.Mrs.Browning’s poem______describes the miserable life of child-workers in the factories and mines.【答案】Cry of the Children【解析】勃朗宁夫人对当时英国的社会政治问题予以极大的关注，1844年发表了短诗《孩子们的哭声》，愤怒抗议资本家对儿童的摧残和剥削。
2.Mrs.Browning’s______is considered as one of the most widely known collections of love lyrics in English.【答案】Sonnets from the Portuguese【解析】《葡萄牙十四行诗集》被普遍认为是最广为人知的抒情诗歌集之一。
诗集由美丽的抒情诗组成，表达了一个女子对丈夫真切炽热的爱情。
3.Political and social themes embody Elizabeth’s later work.She expressed her intense sympathy for the struggle for the unification of Italy in______.【答案】Casa Guidi Windows【解析】勃朗宁夫人的《圭迪的窗子》表达了她对意大利统一斗争的深切同情。
Ⅱ.Multiple Choices1.Which is not written by Elizabeth Barrett Browning?A.Sonnets from the PortugueseB.PaulineC.Casa Guidi WindowsD.Aurora Leigh【答案】B【解析】《波琳》是她的先生罗伯特·勃朗宁的作品。
2.For whom Sonnets from the Portuguese was written?A.Her fatherB.Her brotherC.Her husband【答案】C【解析】《葡萄牙十四行诗集》是伊丽莎白写给她的丈夫罗伯特的，诗歌创作时，他们还是未婚夫妇。
III.Read and analyze the following poem by Mrs.Browning.Sonnet43Key:“Sonnet43”is the most passionate poem,expressing her ardent love for Robert Browning repeatedly.Elizabeth says in the second to third lines that she loves Browning with every aspect of her soul.She then goes onto say that she loves him enough that it meets the needs of every day and every night in lines5and6.Through lines7,8,9and11Elizabeth repeats the phrase,"I love thee..."to build intensity and show emphasis.Line7says that she loves him"freely,"or willingly,as men who try and reach"Right,"which in this case could mean righteousness,or in correlation with the previous word"freely"it may mean freedom.Line8means that she loves him,as it says,purely,without any want for praise.Then she expresses her love for him as much as she used to love the saints as a child.At last,her love extends to all her life and even afterlife.。