尼康数码单反汇总(免费下载)

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单反数码相机大全

单反数码相机大全

单反数码相机列表佳能(CANON)∙佳能 EOS D2000(1998年3月上市,已停产):由佳能与柯达合作,以佳能的EOS 1N基础所推出的DSLR,属于Kodak DCS520的双生版本,具有200万画素的分辨率。

∙佳能 EOS D6000(1998年12月上市,已停产):EOS D2000的性能加强版本,Kodak DCS560的双生版本,具有620万画素的分辨率。

∙佳能 EOS D30(2000年4月上市,已停产):使用300万画素等级CMOS 感光元件,第一款针对数码需求而开发的佳能相机(但其设计基础是胶片相机EOS 50),焦长转换率为1.6x。

∙佳能 EOS-1D(2001年8月上市,已停产)∙佳能 EOS D60(2002年1月上市,已停产):基本上是将EOS D30提升到600万画素。

∙佳能 EOS 1Ds(2002年8月上市,已停产):佳能第一款35mm片幅DSLR。

∙佳能 EOS 10D(2003年2月上市,已停产)∙佳能 EOS 300D(2003年7月上市,已停产):又称为EOS Kiss Digital (日本市场)或Digital Rebel(北美市场)。

∙佳能 EOS-1D Mark II(2003年12月上市,已停产)∙佳能 EOS 20D(2004年7月上市,已停产)∙佳能 EOS-1Ds Mark II(2004年8月上市,已停产)∙佳能 EOS 350D(2005年1月上市,已停产):又称为EOS Kiss Digital N(日本市场)或Digital Rebel XT(北美市场)。

∙佳能 EOS 20Da(2005年2月上市,已停产):只在日本市场销售的天文摄影专用EOS 20D衍生版。

∙佳能 EOS-1D Mark II N(2005年7月上市,已停产)∙佳能 EOS 5D(2005年7月上市,已停产)∙佳能 EOS 30D(2006年2月上市,已停产)∙佳能 EOS 400D(2006年8月上市,已停产):又称为EOS Kiss Digital X(日本市场)或Digital Rebel XTi(北美市场)。

尼康镜头库

尼康镜头库

尼康镜头库尼康现行常规使用镜头基本参数和基本说明(报价仅供参考)1、尼康尼克尔 AF-S 14-24mm f/2.8G ED主要特点:尼康尼克尔 AF-S 14-24mm f/2.8G ED这一新款变焦镜头具有一系列专业特性,可提供优越的整体性能。

除了所有的焦距具有稳定的最大光圈 f/2.8之外,在18-24 mm焦距时,这种镜头还具有 0.28 m/0.9 ft 的较短的最近主体对焦距离。

参数规格:镜头结构(组/片):11 组14 片(2 个ED镜片,3个非球面镜片和1个纳米结晶涂层)带有35mm(135)格式的摄像角度:114° - 84°运用Nikon DX 格式的摄像角度:90° - 61°最小f/stop:22最近对焦距离(微距设定):0.28 m (于全部焦距)最大复制比率(微距设定):1/6.7镜头盖:提供遮光罩:内置镜头袋:CL-M3直径x长度(从镜头卡口伸出的延伸段):约 98 x 131.5 mm重量(大约):约 1000 g提供附件:前镜盖,后镜盖 LF-1,半软镜头套 CL-M3是否支持尼康D3:是目前报价:¥148002、尼康尼克尔 AF-S DX Zoom Nikkor ED 12-24mm F4G(IF)主要特点:这是新型DX Nikkor 镜头系列的第一只镜头,专为 Nikon D1 系列及 D100 数码单镜反光相机而设计。

设有超广角变焦性能,超低色散玻璃,还结合了尼康独有的宁静波动马达。

技术特性:镜头结构(组/片) : 7/11运用NIikon DX 格式的摄像角度 : 99度-61度最小光圈: 22最近对焦距离(微距设定) : 0.3米/1 英尺放大倍率: 1/8.3滤镜尺寸 : 77毫米直径x长度(从镜头卡口伸出的延伸段) : 82.5 x 90毫米重量(大约) : 485克是否支持D40:是报价:¥70003、尼康尼克尔 Ai AF-S Zoom Nikkor ED 17-35mm F2.8D(IF)主要特点:超低色散玻璃能减少色散,即使在最大光圈下,也提供绝佳的光学性能。

最值得关注的8款-----尼康经典镜头

最值得关注的8款-----尼康经典镜头

最值得关注的8款-----尼康经典镜头无论是数码单反相机还是镜头,尼康都是佳能最有力的竞争者。

特别是在低端镜头方面,尼康镜头的做工仍一丝不苟,手感也非常出色,价格也相对厚道;而在高端镜头方面,虽然不如佳能的红圈白炮那么亮骚,但尼康镜头的成像可以说是与佳能平分秋色的,何况尼康其实也有自己的“白炮”,甚至比佳能的“白炮”更吸引眼球(尽管产量很少,价格也比黑色版本的要贵上一些)。

当然,因为F卡口(44mm)的内径比EF卡口(54mm)小了整整10mm,所以在大光圈镜头方面尼康就逊色多了,尽管尼康历史上有过AIS 300mm F2.0 ED、Noct-Nikkor 58mm F1.2这样的经典镜头,但即使是旁轴镜头最大光圈也只做到50mm F1.1(相观老对手佳能,Canon的标头达到了史无前例的50mm F0.95),目前在产镜头中更是没有一款最大光圈超过F1.2的。

不过,抛开大光圈情结不谈,尼康镜头跟佳能镜头应该是平分秋色的,偏爱哪家就看价格和个人喜好了。

尼康镜头种类繁多尼康早期镜头的做工那是没话说(当然佳能也如此),即使是最低端的镜头亦用料十足。

不过,过渡到AF时代后,尼康镜头也开始偷工减料了,生产了一批无论是做工还是成像都很次的“狗头”;而在更新换代方面尼康也明显落后于佳能,在超声波马达、防抖等新技术的应用方面更是如此。

当然,在价格方面,尼康镜头相比佳能还是有一定的优势的,这也是很多钱包不是很鼓的摄影爱好者更青睐尼康的原因。

譬如,尼康D70的套头AF-S DX 18~70mm F3.5~4.5G ED 无论是价格、做工还是成像都是数码单反相机配套镜头的典范;AF35-70 F2.8D、AF80-200 F2.8D N这两个恒定F2.8光圈的新头价格也在6000元以下,相比而言佳能的F2.8光圈镜头就要贵多了。

在二手市场上,尼康AF35-70 F2.8D这个镜头2000元左右随处可见,而“小钢炮” AF80-200 F2.8D从一代到三代都一直是二手市场上的抢手货。

尼康D3100黑色14百万像素数码单反相机说明书

尼康D3100黑色14百万像素数码单反相机说明书

Nikon D3100 Black 14 Megapixel Digital SLR CameraProduct DetailsNikon Black 14 Megapixel Digital SLR Camera - D3100Beautiful pictures–Amazing movies–Incredibly Easy with the 14 Megapixel DX sensor and learn-as-you-grow Guide Mode. Features:∙14.2 Megapixel DX-format CMOS Image Sensor delivers beautiful photographs and prints well beyond 20 x 30 inches.∙Full 1080p HD Cinematic Video with full-time autofocus and sound lets you record cinematic-quality movies in Full 1080p HD format (1920 x 1080 pixels).∙Easy-To-Use—Featuring Nikon’s Guide Mode with intuitive controls and on-board assistance helping you take better pictures every step of the way.∙Fast 11-point Autofocus System delivers razor-sharp pictures.∙3-in. monitor with One-Touch Live View shooting and movie capture.∙Built-in HDMI port lets you connect directly to your HDTV using an optional HDMI cable∙Control Image and Movie Playback with most HDTV remote controls∙ 6 Automatic Exposure Scene Modes Just set the Mode dial to Portrait, Landscape, Child, Sports, Close-up or Night Portrait for stunning results in otherwise challenging conditions.∙Picture Control lets you choose from Standard, Neutral, Vivid, Monochrome, Portrait, or Landscape to apply a personal look and feel to your pictures.∙Built-in pop-up flash for those times when there isn’t enough light∙Includes 3x 18-55mm Zoom-NIKKOR VR Image Stabilization Lens with legendary NIKKOR optical quality and fast, accurate autofocus for vivid color, striking contrast and crisp detail and VR image stabilization to ensure thesharpest hand-held pictures and movies.∙Compact and Lightweight Design Beautifully styled—Ready to go wherever life takes you.∙Split-second Shutter Response eliminates the frustration of shutter delay, capturing moments that other cameras miss.∙ISO sensitivity 100-3200, expandable to ISO 12800 equivalent delivers exceptional results, even in the most challenging low-light situations.∙Scene Auto Selector lets the D3100 decide the best mode to match the shooting situation when using Live View.∙EXPEED 2 Nikon’s new image processing engine assures breathtakingly rich image quality, managing color, contrast, exposure, noise and speed.∙Scene Recognition System in Live View automatically optimizes exposure, autofocus, and white balance, allowing you to obtain beautiful photos without the hassle of making complicated camera adjustments yourself.∙Active D-Lighting restores picture-enhancing detail in shadows and highlights.∙Automatic Image Sensor Cleaning uses an ultrasonic process and exclusive Airflow Control combats the accumulation of dust in front of the image sensor, safeguarding image quality shot after shot.∙In-camera Image Editing allows creative freedom, without the need for a computer, offering easy editing functions.∙EN-EL14 Battery∙MH-24 Battery Charger∙DK-5 Eyepiece Cap∙DK-20 Rubber Eyecap∙AN-DC3 Camera Strap∙BS-1 Accessory Shoe Cover∙BF-1B Body Cap∙ViewNX 2 CD-ROM∙Type Single-lens reflex digital camera∙Lens Mount Nikon F bayonet mount∙Picture Angle Effective picture angle 1.5x (Approx.) conversion factor (Nikon DX format)∙Effective Pixels 14.2 million∙Sensor Size 23.1 x 15.4mm∙Image Sensor Format DX∙Image Sensor Type CMOS∙Total Pixels 14.8 million∙Dust-reduction systemo Image sensor cleaningo Airflow Control Systemo Image Dust Off reference data (optional Capture NX 2 software required)∙Image Area (pixels)o DX-formato(L) 4608 x 3072o(M) 3456 x 2304o(S) 2304 x 1536∙File Formato NEF (RAW)o JPEG: JPEG-Baseline compliant with fine (approx 1:4), normal (approx 1:8), or basic (approx 1:16) compressiono NEF (RAW) + JPEG: Single photograph recorded in both NEF (RAW) and JPEG formats∙Picture Controlo Standardo Neutralo Vivido Monochromeo Portraito Landscapeo Selected Picture Control can be modified∙Storage Mediao SDo SDHCo SDXC memory cards∙File Systemo Compliant with DCF (Design Rule for Camera File System) 2.0o DPOF (Digital Print Order Format)o EXIF 2.21 (Exchangeable Image File Format for Digital Still Cameras)o PictBridge∙Viewfinder Eye-level pentamirror single-lens reflex viewfinder∙Viewfinder Frame Coverageo95% horizontalo95% vertical Approx.∙Viewfinder Magnification 0.80x (50mm f/1.4 lens at infinity; -1.0m¯¹) Approx.∙Viewfinder Eyepoint 18mm (-1.0m¯¹)∙Viewfinder Diopter Adjustment -1.7 to +0.5m¯¹∙Focusing Screen Type B BriteView Clear Matte Mark VII screen∙Reflex Mirror Quick-return type∙Lens Aperture Instant-return type electronically controlled∙Compatible Lenseso AI-P NIKKOR: All functions supported except autofocus and 3D Color Matrix Metering IIo AF-S, AF-I: All functions supportedo Non-CPU: Can be used in mode M, but exposure meter does not function; electronic range finder can be used if maximum aperture is f/5.6 or fastero IX Nikkor lenses cannot be usedo Electronic Rangefinder usable with lens with maximum aperture of f/5.6 or fastero Type G or D AF NIKKOR not equipped with an autofocus motor: All functions supported except autofocus o AF-NIKKOR for F3AF not supportedo Other AF NIKKOR: All functions supported except autofocus and 3D color matrix metering IIo Type D PC NIKKOR: All functions supported except autofocus and some shooting modes.∙Shutter type Electronically controlled vertical-travel focal-plane∙Shutter Speedo1/4000 to 30 sec. in steps of 1/3 EVo Bulb∙Flash Sync Speedo Up to 1/200 sec.o Synchronizes with shutter at 1/200s or slower∙Shutter Release Modeso Single-frame [S] modeo Continuouso Self-timer modeo Quiet Shutter Release∙Frame Advance Rate Up to 3 fps (manual focus, mode M or S, shutter speed 1/250 sec or faster, and other settings at default values)∙Self-timero 2 sec.o10 sec.∙Timer duration electronically controlled∙Exposure Metering System TTL exposure metering using 420-pixel RGB sensor∙Metering Methodo Matrix: 3D color matrix metering II (type G and D lenses); color matrix metering II (other CPU lenses)o Center-weighted: Weight of 75% given to 8-mm circle in center of frameo Spot: Meters 3.5-mm circle (about 2.5% of frame) centered on selected focus point∙Metering Rangeo0 to 20 EV (Matrix or center-weighted metering at ISO 100 equivalent, f/1.4 lens, at 20°C/68°F)o 2 to 20 EV (Spot metering at ISO 100 equivalent, f/1.4 lens at 20°C/68°F)∙Exposure Meter Coupling CPU∙Exposure Modeso Auto modes ( auto, auto [flash off])o Scene Modeso Programmed Auto with flexible Program (P)o Shutter-Priority Auto (S)o Aperture-Priority Auto (A)o Manual (M)∙Scene Modeso Portraito Landscapeo Childo Sportso Close-upo Night Portrait∙Exposure Compensation ±5 EV in increments of 1/3EV∙Exposure Lock Luminosity locked at detected value with AE-L/AF-L button∙ISO Sensitivityo ISO 100 to 3200 in steps of 1 EVo Can also be set to approx. 1 EV above ISO 3200 (ISO 6400 equivalent) or to approx. 2 EV above ISO 3200 (ISO 12800 equivalent)o Auto ISO sensitivity control available∙Expanded ISO Sensitivity Optionso 1 EV above ISO 3200 (ISO 6400 equivalent)o 2 EV above ISO 3200 (ISO 12800 equivalent) Approx.o Auto ISO sensitivity control available∙Active D-Lightingo Ono Off∙Auto-area AF Modeo Single Area AFo Dynamic-areao Auto-area AFo3D-tracking (11 points)∙Autofocus System Nikon Multi-CAM 1000 autofocus sensor module with TTL phase detection∙Detection Range -1 to 19 EV (ISO 100, 68°F/20°C)∙Lens Servo Autofocus (AF): Single-servo AF (AF-S); continuous-servo AF (AF-C); auto AF-S/AF-C selection (AF-A); predictive focus trackinga ctivated automatically according to subject status∙Focus Point Can be selected from 11 focus points∙Focus Locko Focus can be locked by pressing shutter-release button halfway (single-servo AF)o Focus can be locked by pressing AE-L/AF-L button∙Built-in Flasho Yeso Autoo Portraito Childo Close-Upo Night portraito Auto flash with auto pop-up [P], [S], [A], [M]o Manual pop-up with button release∙Guide Number 39/12, 43/13 with manual flash (ft/m, ISO 100, 68°F/20°C)Approx.∙Flash Controlo TTL: i-TTL ballanced fill-flash and standard i-TTL flash for digital SLR using 420-pixel RGB sensor are available with built-in flash adn SB-900, SB-800, SB-600, or SB-400 (i-TTL balanced fill-flash availablewhen matrix or center-weighted metering) Auto aperture: Available with SB-900/SB-800 and CPU lens o Non-TTL auto: Supported flash units include BS-900, SB-800, SB-80DX, SB-28DX, SB-28, SB-27, and SB-22So Distance-priority manual: Available with SB-900 and SB-800∙Flash Modeo Autoo Auto with red-eye reductiono Fill-flasho Auto slow synco Auto slow sync with red-eye correctiono Rear curtain with slow sync∙Flash Compensation -3 to +1 EV in increments of 1/3 EV∙Flash-ready indicatoro Lights when built-in flash or optional flash unit such as SB-900, SB-800, SB-600, SB-400, SB-80DX, SB-28DX or SB-50DX is fully chargedo Blinks for 3 sec. after flash is fired at full output∙Accessory Shoe ISO 518 hot-shoe with sync and ata contacts and safety lock∙Nikon Creative Lighting System (CLS) Yeso Advanced Wireless Lighting supported with SB-900, BS-800, SU-800 as commander; Flash Coloro Information Communications supported with built-in flash and all CLS-compatible flash units∙Flash Sync Terminal Sync Terminal Adapter AS-15 (available separately)∙White Balanceo Autoo Incandescento Fluorescent (7 types)o Direct Sunlighto Flasho Cloudyo Shadeo Preset Manualo All except preset manual with fine tuning∙Live View Shooting Yes∙Live View Lens servoo Autofocus (AF): Single-servo AF (AF-S); full-time-servo AF (AF-F)o Manual focus (MF)∙Live View AF-area modeo Face-priority AFo Wide-area AFo Normal-area AFo Subject-tracking AF∙Live View Autofocus Contrast-detect AF anywhere in frame (camera selects focus point automatically when face-priority AF or subejct-tracking AF is selected∙Live View Scene Auto Selectoro Aut modeo Auto (flash off) mode∙Movie Metering TTL exposure metering using main image sensor∙Movie Metering method Matrix∙Movie Frame size (pixels) and frame rateo1920 x 1080 (24p): 24 fps (23.976 fps)o1280 x 720 (30p): 30 fps (29.97 fps)o1280 x 720 (25p): 25 fpso1280 x 720 (24p): 24 fps (23.976 fps)o640 x 424 (24p): 24 fps (23.976 fps)∙Movie Maximum recording time 10 min.∙Movie File Format MOV∙Movie Audio recording format Linear PCM∙Movie Audio recording device Built-in monaural microphone∙Monitor Size 3 in. diagonal∙Monitor Resolution 230,000 Dots∙Monitor Type TFT-LCD with bridghtenss adjustment∙Playback Functionso Full frameo Calendaro Thumbnail (4, 9 or 72 images)o Zoomo Movie Playbacko Slideshowo Histogram displayo Highlightso Auto image rotationo Image Comment (up to 36 characters)o Highlight point display∙Interfaceo Hi-speed USBo Video output: NTSC, PALo HDMI output: Type C mini-pin HDMI connectoro Accessory terminal: Remote cord: MC-DC2 (available separately); GPS unit: GP-1 (available separately) ∙GPS GP-1 GPS unit∙Supported Languageso Chinese (Simplified and Traditional)o Dutcho Englisho Spanisho Finnisho Frencho Italiano Germano Japaneseo Koreano Polisho Portugueseo Russiano Swedisho Czecho Norweigono Turkish∙Battery / Batteries EN-EL14 Rechargeable Li-ion Battery∙AC Adaptero EH-5a AC Adaptero Power Connector EP-5a available separately∙Tripod Socket ¼ in. (ISO1222)∙Operating Environmento32 to 104°F (0 to 40°C)o Less than 85% (no condensation)∙Width: 4.9"∙Height: 3.8"∙Depth: 2.9"∙Unit: 1 lb∙Shipping: 2 lbs。

四款重量级的单反推荐

四款重量级的单反推荐

四款重量级的单反推荐单反数码相机的一个很大的特点就是可以交换不同规格的镜头,这是单反相机天生的优点,是普通数码相机不能比拟的。

以下是为你精心整理的四款重量级的单反推荐,希望你喜欢。

1、尼康D7100套机(18-105mm) 全新中端单反配18-105镜头[参考价格] 9500元D7100是尼康最新推出的一款中端单反相机,该机的配置可以说是现有中端机中的顶级。

它搭载DX格式2410万有效像素CMOS 图像传感器,具备了高密度的51点自动对焦系统,最高连拍速度为7张每秒,高性能的EXPEED 3数码图像处理器,整体表现极佳。

尼康D7100是一款专业的中端单反相机,感光度范围为ISO 100-6400(可扩展到25600或Hi-2),对焦方面为51个对焦点,具有无线连接功能,同时还拥有非常专业的外形设计。

2、佳能60D套机(18-135mm IS) 超值中端单反配18-135镜头[参考价格] 8360元佳能60D是一款发布于2010年8月的中端产品,不过到目前为止这款产品依然是中端产品当中的佼佼者,60D附带EF-S 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6 IS USM防抖镜头可以说是摄影爱好者的必备。

佳能EOS 60D采用了1800万像素的APS-C传感器,采用了9点AF十字对焦系统,使用DIGIC 4影像处理器,ISO范围100-6400,最大可扩展至ISO 12800。

3、尼康D90 1200万像素中端经典配18-105镜头[参考价格] 5300元尼康D90可以说是一款经久不衰的中端旗舰,该机不论是外观还是性能都非常出色,该机曾一度被评为最佳机型!而随着新品的不断涌现,目前这款产品的售价也在一路走低,性价比超值。

尼康D90感光度范围在ISO200-ISO3200,并可扩展至ISO100-ISO6400,带有影像传感器除尘功能,可有效去除传感器光学低通滤镜上降低影像质量的灰尘,而场景识别系统也增强了相机在多种拍摄条件下自动对焦、自动曝光以及自动白平衡的精度。

尼康数码单反相机说明书

尼康数码单反相机说明书

Type of camera Single-lens reflex digital cameraLens mount Nikon F mount (with AF coupling and AF contacts)Effective angle of view Nikon DX format; focal length in 35mm [135] format equivalent to approx. 1.5x that of lenses with FX-format angle of viewEffective pixels 24.1 millionImage sensor 23.5 × 15.6 mm CMOS sensorTotal pixels 24.71 millionDust-reduction system Image Sensor Cleaning, Image Dust Off reference data (optional Capture NX 2 required) Image size (pixels) • DX (24×16) image area: 6000 × 4000 [L], 4494 × 3000 [M], 2992 × 2000 [S] • 1.3× (18×12) image area: 4800 × 3200 [L], 3600 × 2400 [M], 2400 × 1600 [S] • Photographs with imagearea of DX (24×16) taken in movie live view: 6000 × 3368 [L], 4496 × 2528 [M], 2992 × 1680[S] • Photographs with image area of 1.3× (18×12) taken in movie live view: 4800 × 2696 [L],3600 × 2024 [M], 2400 × 1344 [S]File format • NEF (RAW): 12 or 14 bit, lossless compressed or compressed • JPEG: JPEG-Baselinecompliant with fine (approx. 1:4), normal (approx. 1:8) or basic (approx. 1:16) compression(Size priority); Optimal quality compression available • NEF (RAW)+JPEG: Single photographrecorded in both NEF (RAW) and JPEG formatsPicture Control System Standard, Neutral, Vivid, Monochrome, Portrait, Landscape; selected Picture Control can be modified; storage for custom Picture ControlsStorage media SD (Secure Digital) and UHS-I compliant SDHC and SDXC memory cardsDouble slot Slot 2 can be used for overflow or backup storage or for separate storage of copies created using NEF+JPEG; pictures can be copied between cardsFile system DCF (Design Rule for Camera File System) 2.0, DPOF (Digital Print Order Format), Exif(Exchangeable Image File Format for Digital Still Cameras) 2.3, PictBridgeViewfinder Eye-level pentaprism single-lens reflex viewfinderFrame coverage Approx. 100% horizontal and 100% verticalMagnification Approx. 0.94x (50 mm f/1.4 lens at infinity, -1.0 m)Eyepoint 19.5 mm (-1.0 m; from center surface of viewfinder eyepiece lens)Diopter adjustment -2 to +1 mFocusing screen Type B BriteView Clear Matte Mark II s creen with AF area brackets (framing grid can bedisplayed)Reflex mirror Quick returnDepth-of-field preview Pressing depth-of-field preview button stops lens aperture down to value selected by user (A and M modes) or by camera (other modes)Lens aperture Instant return, electronically controlledCompatible lenses Compatible with AF NIKKOR lenses, including type G and D lenses (some restrictions apply to PC lenses) and DX lenses, AI-P NIKKOR lenses, and non-CPU AI lenses (A and M modesonly); IX-NIKKOR lenses, lenses for the F3AF, and non-AI lenses cannot be usedThe electronic rangefinder can be used with lenses that have a maximum aperture of f/5.6or faster (the electronic rangefinder supports the center focus point with lenses that have amaximum aperture of f/8 or faster)Shutter type Electronically controlled vertical-travel focal-plane shutterShutter speed 1/8000 to 30 s in steps of 1/3 or 1/2 EV, bulb, time, X250Flash sync speed X=1/250 s; synchronizes with shutter at 1/320 s or slower (flash range drops at speedsbetween 1/250 and 1/320 s)Release modes S(single frame), C L(continuous low speed), C H(continuous high speed), Q(quiet shutter-release), E (self-timer), M UP (mirror up); interval timer photography supported Approximate frame • JPEG and 12-bit NEF (RAW) images recorded with DX (24×16) selected for image area: advance rate C L 1 to 6 fps, C H 6 fps • JPEG and 12-bit NEF (RAW) images recorded with 1.3× (18×12)selected for image area: C L 1 to 6 fps, C H 7 fps • 14-bit NEF (RAW) images recorded with DX(24×16) selected for image area: C L 1 to 5 fps, C H 5 fps • 14-bit NEF (RAW) images recordedwith 1.3× (18×12) selected for image area: C L 1 to 6 fps, C H 6 fpsSelf-timer 2 s, 5 s, 10 s, 20 s; 1 to 9 exposures at intervals of 0.5, 1, 2 or 3 sRemote control modes Delayed remote, quick-response remote, remote mirror-up(ML-L3)Exposure metering mode TTL exposure metering using 2016-pixel RGB sensorMetering method • Matrix: 3D color matrix metering II (type G and D lenses); color matrix metering II (other CPU lenses); color matrix metering available with non-CPU lenses if user provides lens data• Center-weighted: Weight of75% given to 8-mm circle in center of frame; diameter ofcircle can be changed to 6, 10, or 13 mm, or weighting can be based on average of entireframe (non-CPU lenses use 8-mm circle)• Spot: Meters 3.5-mm circle (about 2.5% of frame) centered on selected focus point (oncenter focus point when non-CPU lens is used)Metering range • Matrix or center-weighted metering: 0 to 20 EV(ISO 100, f/1.4 lens, 68°F/20°C) • Spot metering: 2 to 20 EVExposure meter coupling Combined CPU and AIExposure modes Auto modes (i auto; j auto [flash off]); programmed auto with flexible program ( P );shutter-priority auto ( S ); aperture-priority auto ( A ); manual ( M ); scene modes(k portrait; l landscape; p child; m sports; n close up; o night portrait; r nightlandscape; s party/indoor; t beach/snow; u sunset; v dusk/dawn; w pet portrait;x candlelight; y blossom; z autumn colors; 0 food); special effects modes (% night vision;g color sketch; i miniature effect; u selective color; 1 silhouette; 2 high key; 3 lowkey); U1 (user settings 1); U2 (user settings 2)Exposure compensation Can be adjusted by -5 to +5 EV in increments of 1/3 or 1/2 EV in P, S, A and M modes Exposure bracketing 2 to 5 frames in steps of 1/3, 1/2, 2/3, 1, 2 or 3 EVExposure lock Luminosity locked at detected value with A AE-L/AF-L buttonISO sensitivity ISO 100 to 6400 in steps of 1/3 or 1/2 EV; can also be set to approx. 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1 or 2 EV (Recommended Exposure Index)(ISO 25600 equivalent) above ISO 6400; auto ISO sensitivity control availableActive D-Lighting Auto, extra high, high, normal, low, offADL bracketing 2 frames using selected value for one frame or 3 frames using preset values for all frames Autofocus Nikon Advanced Multi-CAM 3500DX autofocus sensor module with TTL phase detection, fine-tuning, 51 focus points (including 15 cross-type sensors; the center point is available atapertures slower than f/5.6 and faster than f/8 or at f/8), and AF-assist illuminator (rangeapprox. 1 ft 8 in. to 9 ft 10 in./0.5 to 3 m)Detection range -2 to +19 EV (ISO 100, 68°F/20°C)Lens servo • Autofocus (AF): Single-servo AF (AF-S); continuous-servo AF (AF-C); auto AF-S/AF-Cselection (AF-A); predictive focus tracking activated automatically according to subjectstatus • Manual focus (M): Electronic rangefinder can be usedFocus point Can be selected from 51 or 11 focus pointsAF-area modes Single-point AF; 9-, 21- or 51-point dynamic-area AF, 3D-tracking, auto-area AFFocus lock Focus can be locked by pressing shutter-release button halfway (single-servo AF) or bypressing A AE-L/AF-L buttonBuilt-in flash i, k, p, n, o, s, w, g: Auto flash with auto pop-upP, S, A, M, 0: Manual pop-up with button releaseGuide number Approx. 39/12, 39/12 with manual flash (ft/m, ISO 100, 68°F/20°C)Flash control TTL: i-TTL flash control using 2016-pixel RGB sensor is available with built-in flash andSB-910, SB-900, SB-800, SB-700, SB-600 or SB-400; i-TTL balanced fill-flash for digital SLRis used with matrix and center-weighted metering, standard i-TTL flash for digital SLR withspot meteringFlash modes Auto, auto with red-eye reduction, auto slow sync, auto slow sync with red-eye reduction, fill-flash, red-eye reduction, slow sync, slow sync with red-eye reduction, rear-curtain withslow sync, rear-curtain sync, off; Auto FP High-Speed Sync supportedFlash compensation -3 to +1 EV in increments of 1/3 or 1/2 EVFlash bracketing 2 to 5 frames in steps of 1/3, 1/2, 2/3, 1, 2 or 3 EVFlash-ready indicator Lights when built-in flash or optional flash unit is fully charged; flashes after flash is fired at full outputAccessory shoe ISO 518 hot-shoe with sync and data contacts and safety lockNikon Creative • Advanced Wireless Lighting supported with: SB-910, SB-900, SB-800 or SB-700 as Lighting System (CLS) a master flash and SB-600 or SB-R200 as remotes or SU-800 as commander; built-in flash can serve as master flash in commander mode• Auto FP High-Speed Sync and modeling illumination supported with all CLS-compatibleflash units except SB-400; Flash Color Information Communication and FV lock supportedwith all CLS-compatible flash unitsSync terminal AS-15 Sync Terminal Adapter (available separately)White balance Auto (2 types), incandescent, fluorescent (7 types), direct sunlight, flash, cloudy, shade,preset manual (up to 6 values can be stored, Spot White Balance measurement availableduring live view), choose color temperature (2500 K to 10000 K), all with fine-tuningWhite balance bracketing2 to 5 frames in steps of 1, 2 or 3Live view modes Live view photography (still images), movie live view (movies)Live view lens servo • Autofocus (AF): Single-servo AF (AF-S); full-time-servo AF (AF-F) • Manual focus (M)AF-area modes Face-priority AF, wide-area AF, normal-area AF, subject-tracking AFAutofocus Contrast-detect AF anywhere in frame (camera selects focus point automatically whenface-priority AF or subject-tracking AF is selected)Movie metering TTL exposure metering using main image sensorMovie metering method MatrixFrame size (pixels) • 1920 × 1080; 60i (59.94 fields/s)/50i (50 fields/s)* • 1920 × 1080; 30p (progressive), 25p, and frame rate 24p • 1280 × 720; 60p, 50pActual frame rates for 60p, 50p, 30p, 25p and 24p are 59.94, 50, 29.97, 25 and 23.976 fps respectively; options support bothH high and normal image quality*Available only when 1.3× (18×12) is selected for image area; sensor output is about 60 or 50 fpsFile format MOVVideo compression H.264/MPEG-4 Advanced Video CodingAudio recording format Linear PCMAudio recording device Built-in or external stereo microphone; sensitivity adjustableMaximum length 29 min. 59 sMonitor 3.2-in./8-cm, approx. 1229k-dot (VGA; 640 × 480 × 4 = 1,228,800 dots), TFT monitor withapprox. 170° viewing angle, approx. 100% frame coverage and brightness adjustment Playback Full-frame and thumbnail (4, 9 or 72 images or calendar) playback with playback zoom, movie playback, photo and/or movie slide shows, histogram display, highlights, photo information,GPS data display and auto image rotationUSB Hi-Speed USBHDMI output HDMI mini connector (Type C)Accessory terminal Wireless remote controller: WR-1 and WR-R10 (available separately), Remote cord: MC-DC2 (available separately), GPS unit: GP-1 (available separately)Audio input Stereo mini-pin jack (3.5-mm diameter; plug-in power supported)Audio output Stereo mini-pin jack (3.5-mm diameter)Supported languages Arabic, Bengali, Chinese (Simplified and Traditional), Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian,Persian, Polish, Portuguese (European and Brazilian), Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish,Tamil, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, VietnameseBattery One EN-EL15 Rechargeable Li-ion BatteryBattery pack Optional MB-D15 Multi-Power Battery Pack with one EN-EL15 Rechargeable Li-ion Battery or six AA-size alkaline, Ni-MH or lithium batteriesAC adapter EH-5b AC Adapter; requires EP-5B Power Connector (available separately)Tripod socket 1/4 in. (ISO 1222)Dimensions (W × H × D) Approx. 5.3 × 4.2 × 3.0 in./135.5 × 106.5 × 76 mmWeight Approx. 1 lb 11.0 oz/765 g with battery and memory card but without body cap; approx. 1 lb 7.8 oz/ 675 g (camera body only)Operating environment Temperature: 32 to 104°F/0 to 40°C; humidity: 85% or less (no condensation)Supplied accessories EN-EL15 Rechargeable Li-ion Battery, MH-25 Battery Charger, DK-5 Eyepiece Cap, DK-21 (may differ by country or area)Rubber Eyecup, UC-E6 USB Cable, AN-DC1 BK Camera Strap, BF-1B Body Cap, BS-1Accessory Shoe Cover, ViewNX 2 CD-ROM• The SD, SDHC and SDXC logos are trademark of the SD Card Association.• PictBridge is a trademark.• HDMI, the HDMI logo and High-Definition Multimedia Interface aretrademarks or registered trademarks of HDMI Licensing, LLC.• Products and brand names are trademarks or registered trademarks oftheir respective companies.• Images in viewfinders, on LCDs and monitors shown in this brochure aresimulated.Nikon Digital SLR Camera D7100 Specifications• Lens: AF-S NIKKOR 500mm f/4G ED VR • Image quality: RAW (NEF)• Exposure: [M] mode, 1/500 second, f/11 • White balance: Direct sunlight• Sensitivity: ISO 100• Picture Control: Standard©Koji NakanoTake advantage of the agility and high-performance features built into the compact and lightweight DX-format body of the D7100. Enjoy the kind of breathtaking, high-resolution images that are only possible when the EXPEED 3 image-processing engine is paired with a powerful CMOS image sensor unit that’s designed without an optical low-pass filter. Now you can have all the mobility, resolution and power you need to close in on your target and capture it exquisitely — all yours, via the Nikon DX format. The D7100 is ready to go wherever inspiration calls you. Your hunt for spectacular images starts here.T H E P OW E R A N D A G I L I T Y TO L E A P F O RWA R D• Lens: AF-S NIKKOR 70-200mm f/4G ED VR • Image quality: RAW (NEF)• Exposure: [M] mode, 1/180 second, f/8 • White balance: Direct sunlight • Sensitivity: ISO 100• Picture Control: Landscape ©Koji NakanoWith Nikon’s newly developed Advanced Multi-CAM 3500DXautofocus sensor module featuring a high densityof 51 focus points (including 15 cross-type sensors), the D7100 can focus sharply on some of the most elusive of subjects. This AF system also achieves a wider AF detection range down to -2 EV* and faster initial detection, just like that of the D4. The center cross-type sensor is compatible with f/8, which means that you can autofocus on distant subjects even with an effective aperture of f/8 when a 2.0x teleconverter is attached to a telephoto NIKKOR lens with a maximum aperture of f/4.In addition to the regular DX-format size, that enables shooting at an angle of view equivalent to approx. 1.5x*1 lens focal length, the D7100 also has a 1.3× crop of DX option, which instantly provides an angle of view equivalent to approx. 2.0x*1 lens focal length, while delivering a sufficient image resolution of approx. 15.4 effective megapixels. In this mode, the 51 focus points cover almost the entire frame, realizing extremely high capturing power. Add to this approx. 7-fps continuous shooting*2, and you can see how the D7100 captures fast and erratic subjects with greater efficiency.*1 When converted to 35mm format.*2 In 1.3× crop of DX mode with JPEG/12-bit NEF (RAW).The optical viewfinder, that features clear viewing with approx. 100% frame coverage and magnification ratio of 0.94x*, supportscomfortable and precise composition. The high-intensity, high-contrast, energy-saving organic EL display element, newly employed for the viewfinder information display beneath the image area, also contributes to the excellent visibility. The response of the display in low-temperature conditions has been further improved.Thanks to its new RGBW alignment, the newly employed, large, high-resolution LCD monitor features improved brightness. Combined with the integrated glass-and-panel structure*, it greatly enhances visibility, even under bright conditions.*Equivalent to that utilized in the D4, D800 series and D600.Exquisite Full HD video qualityUsing an image sensor unit with 24.1 effective megapixels, designed without an optical low-pass filter, and employing the EXPEED 3 image-processing engine, the D7100 records Full HD video with exquisite detail reproduction. Y our cinematic potential is expanded further with D-SLR shooting advantages such as the wide range of interchangeable NIKKOR lenses. For the smoothest recordings of fast-moving subjects, use 1280 × 720 at 60p, or try the movie image area based on 1.3× crop of DX with 1920 × 1080 at either 60i or 50i. The D7100 also has a built-in stereo microphone. The file size is compressed in H.264/MPEG-4 AVC format, providing you with a maximum recording time of 29 min. 59 s for a single clip*.*20 min. with H high image quality.Multi-area mode Full HD D-Movie with movie image area based on 1.3× crop of DXThe D7100 offers you two movie image areas: one based on the DX format and the other on the 1.3× crop of DX. Using the 1.3× crop of DX delivers an angle of view equivalent to approx. 2.0x* lens focal length — an amazing amount of reach to the subject. Also helped by the agility of the compact, lightweight DX-format system, you can boldly get closer to even smaller, more distant subjects.*When converted to 35mm format.GET MORE INTIMATE WITH YOUR SUBJECT WITH FULL HD D-MOVIE1. Compact and lightweight body, lighter than the D7000, adopts durable magnesium alloy and superior weather and dust sealing2. High-speed, highly precise sequential control mechanismThe driving mechanism, that powers aperture and mirror independently, enables continuous shooting of up to approx. 7 fps*1, 2, a release time lag of 0.052 s*1 and smooth, quiet live view photography. Incorporating a mirror balancer has contributed to a more stableviewfinder image during high-speed continuous shooting.*1 Based on CIPA Guidelines.*2 In 1.3× crop of DX mode with JPEG/12-bit NEF (RAW).3. Highly accurate and durable shutter unit that achieves shutter speeds up to 1/8000 s and tested over 150,000 cycles on a fully assembled camera4. Your shortcut to frequently used settings: the convenient P button [NEW]When viewing playback images or in viewfinder or live view shooting, the new P buttonalways gives you direct access to frequently used functions.5. Built-in flash with a commander function supports Advanced Wireless Lighting6. Double SD card slots compatible with UHS-IThe D7100’s double SD card slots compatible with the SDXC UHS-I standard support smooth handling of the shooting data. 7. MB-D15 Multi-Power Battery Pack (optional) [NEW]Supports EN-EL15 Rechargeable Li-ionBattery or AA-size alkaline, Ni-MH or lithium batteries.8. Advanced multifunctional, WR-1 Wireless Remote Controller (optional) [NEW]The WR-1 (transceiver) is an advanced multifunctional remote controller thatallows you to view the status of or change settings*1 of the D7100. Utilizing radiowaves, the communication range between WR-1 units is up to 394 ft/120 m*2. Fifteen channels are available. You can not only remotely control a camera with a WR-1(used as a receiver) attached by operation of another WR-1 (used as a transmitter)*3, but also perform simultaneous or synchronized release of shutters on several cameras using the WR-1*4. Furthermore, there is a wide variety of options for remote shooting, which includes dividing remote cameras into groups and controlling each group separately, and Interval Timer Photography. Remote shooting by combining the WR-1 with WR-R10/WR-T10 is also possible*3.*1 Functions limited.*2 Approximate range at height of about 4 ft/1.2 m; varies with weather conditions and presence or absence of obstacles.*3 This requires pairing of the WR-1, WR-R10 and WR-T10 units in use. Maximum number of controllers that can be paired: 20 (WR-1) or 64 (WR-R10).*4 Only a camera with a ten-pin remote terminal can be employed as a master camera for Synchronized Release.24.151High-density 51-point AF system that widely covers the frameGlass pentaprism optical viewfinder realizing approx. 100% frame coverageThe 1.3× crop of DX lets you get closer to distant subjects and achieves fast continuous shooting of up to approx. 7 fps [NEW]Newly employed, wide-viewing-angle, 3.2-in./8-cm, approx. 1229k-dot, LCD monitor with an RGBW alignment for enhanced visibility [NEW]*50mm f/1.4 lens at infinity, -1.0 m -1.Other features:Optional ME-1 Stereo Microphone compatibility/External headphone connector/Flicker reduction function/In-camera movie editing functions/Uncompressed HDMI output of movie live view data12561.3×MB-D15 Multi-Power Battery Pack attached to the D7100WR-1 Wireless RemoteController attached to the D7100*ISO 100, 68˚F/20˚C.。

入门单反的数据对比(尼康d5200、宾得k50、佳能700d)

入门单反的数据对比(尼康d5200、宾得k50、佳能700d)

尼康D5200(外形和续航硬伤)总而言之,这是一台非常好的相机,虽然他的机械性能依旧羸弱,依旧没有脱离入门级相机的水平,但是其电子部分已经达到了目前APS-C相机的最高水平,如果你只需要一台画质不错,价格便宜,可以慢慢拍摄的相机,那么尼康D5200的确算是一个蛮不错的选择。

最后还是按照惯例,给大家总结一下这台相机的优点以及缺点,以帮助大家最快的了解这台相机:·优势所在1. 优秀的低感画质分辨率达到了目前APS-C相机的最高水平2. 高感性能较为优秀不输给1600万像素的前代3. 取景器带有网格线显示功能4. 3.0英寸640×480分辨率屏幕可以多方向翻转5. 39点对焦系统对焦性能十分优秀6. 1080p视频素质优秀带有齐全的音量增益功能齐全的消除闪烁人脸识别对焦7. 实时取景模式下具备非常齐全的信息显示8. SD卡写入速度十分优秀9. WiFi扩展配件价格便宜功能齐全10.5.0张每秒的连拍速度较快11.机身十分小巧便于携带12.拥有创意表达这一功能13.支持真正的1080/60i14.三种颜色外观十分漂亮15.相对前一代产品在细节上改进很多16.拥有独立的释放模式按键17.机内相差修正效果优秀拥有独立可更新固件18.自动ISO功能可根据需求进行5档快门速度调节19.支持无线快门组件20.全新的显示界面更符合时代潮流·相对不足1. 直接出JPEG时高ISO画面不够纯净2. 没有提供RAW低像素模式3. 内置闪光灯不能引闪4. 机内没有跑焦调整功能5. 没有内置水平仪6. 没有HDMI源码输出7. 视频手动曝光略有不便8. 光学取景器内显示信息相对简单9. 无法同时使用快门线、GPS、WiFi适配器10.没有双拨轮和肩屏凡事粘上“最”,那一定是需要在某方面做到世界第一才行,尼康D5200是目前像素最高的APS-C单反之一,加上相对平实的价格,以及升级了的对焦系统,说它是最强入门单反应该毫不为过,喜欢的朋友不妨关注一下。

尼康经典镜头选配不完全手册

尼康经典镜头选配不完全手册

尼康经典镜头选配不完全手册文章导读欲与定焦试比高尼康最好的三变焦∙金广角17-35/2.8ED∙王者风范AF-S 28-70/2.8 ED∙后浪推前浪:AF-S VR 70-200/2.8G IF ED美人赠我六枚玉尼康人像镜头∙nikkor 135DC/F2∙nikkor 105DC/F2APS当家花旦尼康最值得购买的三支DX镜∙DX的银广角Nikkor AF-S DX 12-24/4 G IF-ED∙镜皇接班人AF-S DX Zoom Nikkor ED 17-55mm F2.8G∙一镜天涯Nikkor AF-S DX VR Zoom-Nikkor ED 18-200mm F3.5-5.6G (IF) 没有用过这5支定焦镜头就不算用过尼康∙我就是尼康:Nikkor 28/1.4∙不像尼克尔的AF 35/2D∙死硬的50/1.4D∙最强微距镜105/2.8 micro∙爱我所选AF 180/2.8(IF)ED世间仅此一家尼康特有的一些牛头∙第一支:绝无仅有的变焦微距镜:Nikon AF 70-180/4.5-5.6 D ED Micro∙尼康的镇店之宝:Fisheye-Nikkor 6mm f/2.8 Auto∙长焦之王:Reflex-Nikkor 2000mm f/11你知道吗?非球面镜片的制作工艺欲与定焦试比高尼康最好的三变焦像质超越定焦的三只变焦镜头如果你喜欢定焦镜头的优异成像质量,但又不想舍弃变焦镜头的便利的话,那么顶级变焦镜就是你的唯一选择了。

尼克尔变焦镜头数量巨大,但能接近定焦镜头的成像素质的只有寥寥数支,其中最优秀的莫过于被称为金广角的17-35/2.8ED,被称为小钢炮的80-200/2.8 ED和标准变焦镜头的王者AFS 28-70/2.8 ED这三支了。

金广角17-35/2.8ED金广角参考价格:¥10200大名鼎鼎的金广角zoom Nikkor 17-35/2.8ED,是尼康广角变焦镜头中的扛鼎之作,这是一支很特别的镜头,它的成像素质超越了同焦段的定焦镜头,它是尼康仅有的使用了“切削非球面镜片的”三只镜头之一。

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尼康数码单反汇总每当朋友问“我准备花NNN元买尼康数码单反,你推荐哪个型号”一类的问题我都要在脑子里搜索一番,貌似没有一个简单答案。

趁假日把所有尼康数码单反型号整理出来,对每个机型做一个简单评论。

以后有新机型加入再继续更新这个比较主观的评论意见。

先把型号列出,到目前为止尼康总共有三代数码单反相机,分别以单数、双数、单数命名。

先简单解释一下尼康数码单反型号的命名,对于不熟悉尼康的网友来说也许会有点迷糊。

基本上来说尼康数码单反总共有三个基本类型:专业类、准专业类(爱好者)、入门类。

而每类里面又会有一到两个型号。

从胶片单反相机开始,尼康的专业相机型号都是一个字母加一个数字。

在数码单反年代也一样,如D1、D3等。

不过数码年代又多了一个分类:同时代会有两个型号,一个是高速度记者机,用字母H(High)结尾,如D1H、D2H等;而另一个是高像素机,用字母X(eXtra)结尾,如D1X、D2X、D3X等。

此外和胶片年代一样在下一代机器推出前对本代机器进行较小改进后的型号会用字母S结尾,如D2HS、D2XS。

在专业机型号命名只有两个例外:尼康第一台数码单反相机D1,当时没有区分高速和高像素,目前的高速相机D3。

至于为何D3不命名为D3H我们无法得知,唯一知道的是D3X是高像素版本。

准专业机型号命名是一个字母加三个数字,如D100、D200、D300,比较简单。

不过新用户时常会问的是,为何准专用机不是两位数而是三位数。

这个估计也是胶片年代留下的坏习惯,当年第一款准专用机是F90,而更新机型是F100,从此以后把两位数留给了入门级别机器。

S结尾的机器有几款,D2HS、D2XS、D70S、D300S、D3S。

入门级机器一直是两位数,而且和胶片年代一样,同时期会有两到三款机型,级别按照数字增加而递增。

比如D40、D70、D80。

随着两位数字不够用,今年开始尼康启动了四位数命名,因而我们看到了D5000和D3000。

相信未来的入门级都是四位数,比如D90的更新产品被命名为D7000。

从现在开始我们回顾尼康的第三代数码单反相机,因为牵涉到历史,个别机型可能会占用稍微多的篇幅,比如D1系列。

==============================================D1,数码年代划时代的机器,尽管用今天的技术指标来看没什么了不起,只有274万像素,5个对焦点,每秒4.5张连拍速度,最高感光度ISO 1600等等。

甚至和当时的(不可更换镜头)数码相机相比,D1的像素指标也好不到哪里去,连尼康自己的Coolpix 990(2000年1月推出,比D1晚几个月)都有310万有效像素。

D1也不是第一台量产135数码单反相机,柯达1989年为美国宇航局特制了一款相机并参与了1991年11月24日亚特兰大航天飞机活动。

这是一个安装在尼康F3相机下面和后背的一个数码”后背“,还有笨重的附件,内置了一个100MB的硬盘,137万像素。

柯达正式对外销售的数码单反相机DCS 100基本和为美国宇航局定制的机器相似,包括技术指标。

售价从2万美元到2万5美元,总管卖了不到1000台。

137万像素,200MB内置硬盘可存储160没压缩照片,或者600张压缩照片。

从1991年到1999年,数码单反相机基本都是柯达用尼康和佳能胶片单反机身简单改造,与其说是数码后背还不如说巨型数码手柄,其体积和重量可以与原胶片机身相比。

直到1998年,柯达和佳能合作在EOS 1N机身上开发了DCS 520和DCS 560,整体结构更加接近今天的数码单反相机。

佳能在日本和中国用自己品牌销售这两款相机,型号分别是D2000和D6000,前者是199万像素,连拍速度3.6张;后者是600万像素,连拍速度每秒1张,单原色数据宽度只有3位(标准Jpeg是8位)。

售价从1万5千美元开始。

1999年柯达继续使用尼康机身开发数码单反相机,推出了DCS 6XX系列,其中有DCS 620和DCS 660两个基本型号,技术指标与使用佳能机身的DCS 520和DCS 560完全一样,机身是尼康的F5,价格和佳能版本相似,1万5千美元。

在DCS 620和DCS 660推出后半年的1999年6月,尼康公布了D1。

从指标上看固然有不少明显进步,比如274万像素(对比DCS 620的200万),每秒4.5张的连拍速度(对比DCS 620的3张)。

这些都不足以引起用户任何重大的冲动,而真正能够吸引他们的是价格和”原厂“。

D1公布的价格只有DCS 620的三分之一到一半左右:5600美元,这对当时的主要客户如新闻机构来说,这意味着可以让更多的记者能够用上数码相机。

而D1在当时甚至三年后都能够垄断新闻摄影市场的另外一个原因是这是一款彻头彻尾设计的数码单反相机而不是什么后来增加的附件。

此外,尽管D1当时也有一些技术问题如高感光度时会有灯芯绒问题(这个先埋下伏笔)和紫红色容易走色等,但整体成像部分要远远超过柯达的机器,包括支持单原色12位原始格式(NEF),优秀的成像质量,高速连拍能力(每秒4.5张共21张),高达1/16000秒的高速快门等。

离开历史,我们回到机器的本身。

从机身角度来看这是一个基于F5的设计但不能说是完全F5机身,因为它混合使用了F5和F100部件,比如整体机身结构是F5的框架,取景器是F100的,只有96%的覆盖率而不是F5的100%。

1005区彩色测光系统被移植到D1,并为白平衡提供额外数据。

至于为何D1使用了F100的取景器而不是F5取景器我自己有一个猜测:F100取景器比F5”更先进“。

看官恐怕要问,明明F100取景器的覆盖率不如F5,为何你还说更先进。

没错,F5的取景器不仅覆盖率更大,而且也可以更换。

但F100取景器有一个地方比F5先进:合焦时对焦点会变红色。

在F5上合焦时取景器内下方和右方各自有一个绿色箭头指示对应的合焦焦点位置,不如F100直接显示更加直观。

当然D1也不是没有缺点,其中一个今天会被认为比较幼稚的就是没有色彩空间概念,这个要埋下伏笔在D1H和D1X时解释。

不管如何,这款在2000年悉尼奥运会开幕前一年推出的机器当年赢得了众多钱包富裕的新闻社欢迎,也是主流相机厂家真正从胶片转向数码革命时代的开始。

D1当年售价5千5百8十美元,和今天的尼康顶级数码单反相机D3X相当,这绝对不是偶合。

==================================D1H和D1X,2001年2月公布。

在D1公布后18个月,尼康开始了一个新传统:专业数码单反相机有两个版本:高速和高像素;而另外一个传统是大规模换代更新前大约两年有小更新。

和后来的小更新相比,D1H和D1X的出台改进更多,除了机身本身一些小改进以外,最大的变化是传感器。

严格说是如何把D1传感器变成两款传感器,这又要讲故事了,当然这是后来我们才知道的,具体故事在这个帖子里面:惊爆内幕:原来D1、D1H、D1X有1080万象素。

故事的起源回到当初尼康从1996年开始研发D1过程中寻找一款合适的传感器开始,当时他们能够找到的影像传感器只有为军工和工业用途开发的,而他们需要的价格必需是民用级别,产量在每月数千个以上。

经过一番寻找以后,他们找到了一家,我们现在知道这是索尼。

而原来索尼的这款CCD传感器有1080万像素,但尼康对这款1080万像素传感器的高感表现不满意,因为他们的目标客户是体育新闻记者,高感光度表现比像素数量更重要。

尼康和索尼采用了像素合并的技术,把这款1080万像素CCD邻近的四个像素当成一个像素来使用。

这是当年有好事者把D1H CCD(基本结构与D1相同)的低通滤镜拿走以后用微距镜头拍摄的结果。

这里我们可以明显看到四个紧密排列相同颜色(马赛克滤镜)的像素。

也许是尼康意识到并不是只有体育新闻记者才需要数码相机,或者说高感光度并不是数码单反相机的唯一技术指标,如何从这款1080万像素CCD里面得到比4合1更多的像素而又同时能够保证图像质量呢?他们采用了2合1的方法,把上下两个像素合并,这样得出一个4028 x 1324像素的原始输出,在水平方向把像素增加了一倍。

然后在后期(电脑软件或者相机内置DSP处理器)将这个变形图像重新计算后得到一个3008 x 1960像素的590万图像。

这就是D1X,X是eXtra(额外)的意思,一款像素增加了一倍,减少了连拍速度和最高感光度的机器。

具体指标我们下面再解释。

而原来D1传感器被用于D1H,还是274万像素但连拍速度和能力被提高,从原来的每秒4.5张共21张提高到每秒5张共40张(原始格式减少到27张)。

D1的其他基本指标被保持,包括最高感光度ISO 1600,相比起胶片这已经是很大进步。

另外一些改进包括引入了色彩空间概念,用户可以选择sRGB或者Adobe RGB,用户设置库从当年胶片相机时代的数字变成文字,压缩原始格式,单独图片回放功能,以及高感噪音减少算法改进。

和D1一样,D1H也有两档扩充感光度,可以扩充到等同ISO 6400。

当时我的评测结果是ISO 800以下完全没有问题,ISO 1600有噪点需要后期处理。

此外D1H的价格也减少到4500美元,比D1减少了1千美元。

我当年用过D1H三周,做了一个简单的测试:Nikon D1H——高速,高性能专业数码SLR相机。

限于当时的经验和条件,现在回头看评测报告客观性的评测部分太少了。

顺便提一下,佳能的第一款独立自主开发的单反数码相机D30在2000年4月公布,比D1晚了大约一年,比D1H/D1X早了10个月。

311万像素的佳能D30相当于今天50D级别。

D1X的各项指标与D1H相同,除了像素和连拍速度以外(每秒3张)。

价格还是5千5百美元,和D1相同。

==================================D100,尼康首款消费级别数码单反相机。

在推出三款专业数码单反相机后尼康在2002年2月公布了一款600万像素的中档数码单反相机,虽然比佳能的D30晚了两年但规格指标超过了300万像素的D30,而第二天佳能推出了D30的升级版D60,从此佳能尼康的数码单反相机竞赛正式大规模开始。

基于两年前才推出并且在市场上非常成功的胶片单反相机F80,D100就是一个F80的数码版,5区域自动对焦系统(MultiCAM 900),10分区3D矩阵测光系统等都是F80延用下来,唯一不同的是闪光灯系统采用了尼康第一代数码单反闪光系统D-TTL,与SB-28DX、SB-80DX、SB-50DX兼容。

D100采用的630万(有效像素600万)CCD传感器恐怕是被最多型号机器使用的索尼传感器(ICX413AQ),在尼康、美能达、宾得、爱普生等多款机器上均被使用。

与佳能同时期产品相比,D100的降噪功能稍微落后一些。

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