a more perfect union 修辞手法解析
Lesson 10 A More perfect Union (II) 精品PPT课件
The U.S. military was also segregated, as were federal workplaces, initiated in 1913 under President Woodrow Wilson, the first Southern president since 1856. His administration practiced overt racial discrimination in hiring, requiring candidates to submit photos.
reminder: a thing to help one remember something else
how we arrive at this point: how the racial relations have developed to the current stage
2. Paraphrase 2
pervasive: tending to widely exist achievement gap: performance
disparity in study
The Jim Crow laws in details
They were racial segregation laws enacted after the Reconstruction period in Southern United States, at state and local levels, and which continued in force until 1965, which mandated racial segregation in all public facilities
奥巴马演讲《A-More-Perfect-Union》说服力分析-课件PPT
Persuasion in Public Speaking
• Public speaking is deliberately structured with three general purposes: to inform, to persuade and to entertain.
• Persuasion is the use of appeals to reasons, values, and emotions to persuade the audience to think or act in a particular way.
Concrete Analysis
What persuasion methods are applied in this speech? Logos, pathos, ethos
Logos ['lɔɡos]
Logos is commonly called the logical appeal. It is the appeal to logic and reason.
Logos
• To appeal to logic and evoke a rational response, a speaker often uses more theoretical or abstract language that includes historical analogies, factual data and statistics, quotations from experts and authorities, and informed opinions.
Persuasion
“A more perfect union”
A more perfect untion修辞手法
The church contains in full the kindness and cruelty, the fierce intelligence and the shocking ignorance, (Para20) 它容纳了善意和残忍、绝顶聪明和盲目无知 kindness VS cruelty,
….but views that denigrate both the greatness and the goodness of our nation (para.13)
…使用更具煽动性和攻击性的语言来表 达自己的立场
Our trials and triumphs became at once unique and universal, black and more than black;in chronicling our journey, the stories an d songs gave us a means to reclaim memories …(para.19)
fierce intelligence VS the shocking ignorance
我们的历史立刻变得独特却又普遍，既是黑 人的又不仅仅是黑人的。自然而然地，我们 将这些黑人化的圣经故事当作是自己的历史 ，把它们当作是我们的经历来学习和珍惜， 有了这些故事，我们才能重建自己的过去。
The struggles and successes, the love and yes, the bitterness and bias that make up the black experience in America. (Para20)
…, and that elevates what is wrong with America above all that we know is right with America; (para15) 这种看法认为白人种族主义根深蒂固，把美 国所有问题的根节置诸于这个伟大国家的种 种优点之上 Wrong VS Right
读后续写：修辞改装法(解析版)-新高考英语读后续写满分攻略
读后续写技能训：修辞改装法（解析版）目录Part 1修辞改装法 (1)第一种修辞：比喻 (2)第二种修辞：拟人 (7)第三种修辞：夸张 (10)其他修辞法： (11)Part 2 翻译练习 (17)（第一组） (17)（第二组） (18)（第三组） (18)（第四组） (19)（第五组） (19)（第六组） (20)翻译练习答案 (21)Part 3 综合演练【模拟题】 (22)1．读后续写模拟专练 (22)2．（2022.湖南.一模） (26)3．（2022.辽宁大连.模拟预测） (28)Part 1修辞改装法今天我要分享的主题是：如何用三种修辞手法来升级我们的句子。
适当的修辞可以让我们的句子增光添彩。
试着比较一下，下面两个句子：第1个句子：Jenny was very happy. （Jenny很开心。
）第2个句子：Jenny couldn't resist her inner joy, flying into the door like a bird.（Jenny控制不住内心的喜悦，像小鸟一样飞进了家门。
）是不是感觉第二个用了比喻后，Jenny开心的画面跃然纸上，非常生动。
今天我们这节课，就学习简单的几个修辞手法的技巧，分别是比喻，拟人和夸张。
这三种在我们的读后续写中，用的较多。
第一种修辞：比喻(1)Simile明喻俗称直喻，是依据比喻和被比喻两种不同事物的相似关系而构成的修辞格。
如：1.The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is coveredwith pink snow.开满樱花的乡村，看起来有如粉红雪铺满地。
2.The smile on her face shone like a diamond.她的笑容像宝石一样闪闪发光。
3.The scenery along the Lijiang River in Guilin is just like abeautiful landscape painting.桂林漓江的沿途风景就像一幅美丽的山水画。
高级英语(第三版)第一册第九课 A More Perfect Union(Part I)[精]
![高级英语(第三版)第一册第九课 A More Perfect Union(Part I)[精]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/a758f88d9b89680202d8252e.png)
请记住，可用性测试的核心是评估，并非创造。
Para. 8. my own story…in no other country on Earth is my story even possible
Para. 9 out of many, we are truly one
• The phrase echoes the Three Musketeers cry: “out of many we are one.”
• It is the English translation of the Latin phrase: E pluribus unum, which was found in 1776 on the Seal of the United States and formally adopted by an Act Of Congress in 1782.
syntactical and rhetorical features.
Background
The formation of the speech:
Obama’s address “A More Perfect Union” was delivered on March 18,2008 as one of the most important speeches in his presidential campaign. It was written against Jeremiah Wright’s controversial anti-racial statements. Wright was a retired senior pastor of Trinity United Church of Christ (三 一联合基督教会）and former pastor of Barack Obama. He made some furious assertions against the widespread white racism and scorching remarks against the American government. But Obama’s speech contained more than criticisms against the pastor. Instead, he appealed to his audience to place Dr. Wright’s remarks in a historical and sociological context.
a more perfect union 修辞手法解析 PPT
Antithesis对照,对比
•we may have different stories, but we hold common hopes; that we may not look the same and we may not have come from the same place, but we all want to move in the same direction（para6)
• 然而对所有艰难地迈向他们自己的美国梦的 人而言
大家好
Metaphor
•…only serves to widen the chasm of misunders tanding that exists between the races(para 33)
• 或者对其根源不加甄别就一味谴责，只能加 深已有的种族间的误解鸿沟
metonymy
转喻
• 他们跳舞、拍手、尖叫或是喧闹，不常来的 人还真的会受不了。
•the untrained ear =the people who have never Played in this kind of church before
大家好
Metaphor
•But for all those who scratched and clawed the ir way to get a piece of the American Dream, （para 32）
• 有时它也在星期天早上的教堂里、在布道坛 和教堂坐席上得到释放。
大家好
Parallelism排比, 平行
we may have different stories, but we hold common hopes; we may not look the same and we may not have come from the same place, but we all want to move in the same direction. (para6)
十九种英语修辞手法的详细解释和例句
英语中所有19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句，英语中所有19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句：Simile明喻、Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻、Metonymy 借喻,转喻、Synecdoche 提喻、Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉、Personification 拟人、Hyperbole 夸张、Parallelism 排比, 平行、Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法、Allegory 讽喻,比方、Irony 反语、Pun 双关、Parody 仿拟、Rhetorical question 修辞疑问、Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶、Paradox 隽语、Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻、Climax 渐进法,层进法、Anticlimax 渐降法。
快来学习吧! 1.Simile 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as 等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 4.Synecdoche 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整体代部分) 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉 这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。
十九种英语修辞手法的详细解释和例句
英语中所有19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句，英语中所有19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句：Simile明喻、Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻、Metonymy 借喻,转喻、Synecdoche 提喻、Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉、Personification 拟人、Hyperbole 夸张、Parallelism 排比, 平行、Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法、Allegory 讽喻,比方、Irony 反语、Pun 双关、Parody 仿拟、Rhetorical question 修辞疑问、Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶、Paradox 隽语、Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻、Climax 渐进法,层进法、Anticlimax 渐降法。
快来学习吧!1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.例如:1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.例如:1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容,例如:1>.The kettle boils. 水开了.2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.III.以作者代替作品,例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.例如:1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)他的厂里约有100名工人.2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)他是本世纪的牛顿.3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整体代部分)这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。
英语19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句 英语中有19种修辞手法
英语19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句英语中有19种修辞手法，它们分别是：Simile明喻、Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻、Metonymy 借喻，转喻、Synecdoche 提喻、Synaesthesia 通感，联觉，移觉、Personification 拟人、Hyperbole 夸张、Parallelism 排比，平行、Euphemism 委婉，婉辞法、Allegory 讽喻，比方、Irony 反语、Pun 双关、Parody 仿拟、Rhetorical question 修辞疑问、Antithesis 对照，对比，对偶、Paradox 隽语、Oxymoron 反意法，逆喻、Climax 渐进法，层进法、Anticlimax 渐降法。
下面和大家分享一下这19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句，快来学习吧！1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。
这种共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性。
标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。
例如：1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow。
2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud。
3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale。
2.Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成。
例如：1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper。
2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested。
奥巴马传奇演讲A_More_Perfect_Union一个更完美的城邦中英对译
为了更完美的联邦巴拉克·奥巴马2008年3月18日在美国宾夕法尼亚州费城的演讲海星译“我们[美利坚合众国的]人民，为缔造一个更完美的联邦。
”221年前，一群人聚集在至今仍屹立在这条街上的市政厅里，用上述这样简洁的言语，发起了美利坚不可思议的民主实验。
农场主和学者，政治家与爱国者们为逃脱政治专制和宗教迫害，横渡大洋，最终在费城会议上发表了他们的独立宣言。
——这一会议一直延续了1787年的春天。
他们讨论出的文件得以签署通过但尚未最终完成。
它因这个国家的奴隶制原罪而劣迹斑斑，这一问题分裂着殖民地的定居者们，使得费城会议陷入僵局，最后建国者们决定同意奴隶贸易再继续开展至少二十年，而将这一问题留待子孙后代去解决。
当然，对奴隶制问题的解决在我们的宪法中已经生根发芽，法律之下平等的公民权理念是这部宪法的核心；它向人民许诺自由、公平和一个随着时间推移能够且应当被不断完善的联邦。
但写就在羊皮纸上的宣言尚不足以使奴隶摆脱奴役，或向不同肤色和信仰不同宗教的人们提供他们作为美国公民理应享有的充分的权利和义务。
这就需要那些愿意履行其职责的后来者去缩小我们的理想承诺与人们所处时代的社会现实间的差距，——他们得经过街头抗议和法庭抗争，经过内战和和平违法，这其间总是险象环生。
继续前人长久以来的、为建立一个更公正、公平、自由、更负责任且更繁荣的美国的努力，这是我们在这场总统竞选一开始就定下的任务之一。
我之所以决定在这一历史关头竞选总统，是因为我坚信我们只有联合起来，才能应对我们这个时代的挑战，才能为我们的子孙后代创设一个更好的明天——只有相互理解，懂得我们也许有不同的故事，但拥有共同的愿望；懂得也许我们肤色不同，来自不同地方，但我们想要同一个梦想，才能使我们的国家更完善。
这一信念来自于我对正派而慷慨的美国人民坚定不移的信心。
同时它也源自我自己的美国故事。
我是一个肯尼亚黑人和堪萨斯白种女人的儿子，在我的白人祖父母的照料下长大成人。
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我相信如果大家一起努力，我们能够去除我 们久已存在的种族伤痛的一部分，
Metaphor
the white woman struggling to break the glass ceiling (para 39)
艰难追求职位升迁的白人妇女
Alliteration 头韵
…or provide men and women of every color and creed their full rights and obligations as citizens of the United States. (para5) 完整地赋予各种肤色、各种信仰的人们作为 合众国公民的权利和义务。
生活的故事可能不尽相同，但是希望只有一个；来 自五湖四海、有着不同的相貌与肤色的我们都朝 着同一个方向，那就是子孙们更好的未来。
We may…but we… , we may…but we..
Parallelism
Did i know him to be an occasionally fierce critic of American domestic and policy? Of course. Did i ever hear him make remarks that could be considered controversial while i sat in the church? Yes. Did i strongly disagree with many of his political view? Absolutely (para.14) Did i know......Did i ever hear him.....Did i strongly disagree......三个句子形成排比 我以前是否知道他曾时不时地激烈批评美国内政 和外交政策？当然知道。我以前在教堂时又没有 听到过他发表被认为引起争议的言论？有。我是 不是强烈反对过他的一些政治观点？毫无疑问
Instead, they expressed profoundly distorted view of this country--a view that sees white racism as endemic, and that elevates what is wrong with American above all that we know is right with American; a view that sees the conflicts in the middle east as rooted primarily in the actions of stalwart allies like Israel, instead of emanating from the perverse and hateful ideologies of radical Islam.(para.15)
Parallelism排比, 平行
we may have different stories, but we hold common hopes; we may not look the same and we may not have come from the same place, but we all want to move in the same direction. (para6)
we may have different stories, but we hold common hopes; that we may not look the same and we may not have come from the same place, but we all want to move in the same direction（para6) 我们也许有不同的故事，但拥有共同的愿 望；懂得也许我们肤色不同，来自不同地 方，但我们想要同一个梦想，
Antithesis
I’ve gone to some of the best schools in America and lived in one of the world’s poorest nations. (para8) 我既接受过美国的精英教育，也在世界上最 贫困的国家生活过 the best schools VS the world’s poorest nations.
Metaphor隐喻
It was stained by this nation’s original sin of slavery .(para3) 它沾上了这个国家奴隶制的原罪 original sin=unreasonable institution
Metaphor
Throughout the first year of this campaign, against all predictions to the contrary, we saw how hungry the American people were for this message of unity .(para.10)
Alliteration
….but views that denigrate both the greatness and the goodness of our nation (para.13)
…使用更具煽动性和攻击性的语言来表 达自己的立场
Alliteration
Our trials and triumphs became at once unique and universal, black and more than black; in chronicling our journey, the stories and songs gave us a means to...（para19）
Parallelism
A view that.....a view that......
相反地，这些言论反映了一种严重歪曲这个国家的观点。 这种观点认为白人种族主义是美国特有的一种流行病，并 使美国出现的问题凌驾于其他美好的东西之上。这种观点 认为中东冲突的根源在于我们的忠实盟友以色列的做法， 而不是源于伊斯兰激进分子扭曲和充满仇恨的意识形态。
Metaphor
…only serves to widen the chasm of misunders tanding that exists between the races(para 33) 或者对其根源不加甄别就一味谴责，只能加 深已有的种族间的误解鸿沟
Metaphor
…that working together we can move beyond some of our old racial wounds (para 38)
They are full of dancing, clapping, screaming and shouting that may seem jarring to the untrained ear (para20)
metonymy
转喻
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
他们跳舞、拍手、尖叫或是喧闹，不常来的 人还真的会受不了。
尚在困境中挣扎的和已经功成名就 的、爱和肯定、苦难和偏见这些美国 黑人所经历的一切。
Alliteration
And occasionally it finds voice in the church on Sunday morning, in the pulpit and in the pews (para 33) 有时它也在星期天早上的教堂里、在布道坛 和教堂坐席上得到释放。
我们的苦难和成功立刻变得独特而又普遍， 是黑人的而又超越这个族群；在记录我们的 历程中，那些故事和歌谣提供给我们不断回 忆过往而不必羞耻的方法、、、
The struggles and successes, the love and yes, the bitterness and bias that make up the black experience in America. (Para20)
the untrained ear =the people who have never Played in this kind of church before
Metaphor
But for all those who scratched and clawed th eir way to get a piece of the American Dream, （para 32） 然而对所有艰难地迈向他们自己的美国梦的 人而言
Metaphor
The blood that had spilled was our blood, the tears our tears; until this black church, on this bright day, seemed once more a vessel carrying the story of a people into future generations and into a larger world.( Para19) 流淌的血液是我们的血液，眼泪是我们的眼泪； 在这个阳光明媚的日子，这个黑人聚集的教堂， 再一次作为桥梁将一个民族的故事汇入未来的世 代和更大的世界 church =vessel
A More Perfect Union
Group member： 高扬 赵越 曲梓菁 隋缘
English rhetoric
First Part : Metaphor
Second Part : Alliteration
Third Part : Parallelism Forth part： Antithesis Fifth part: Transferred Epithet Sixth part: Repetition